Unit7-8 Grammar 课件2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

该初中英语课件系统覆盖一般过去时核心考点，严格对接中考语法要求，重点梳理动词过去式变化（规则动词4类+不规则动词10类分类记忆）、句式转换（肯定句/否定句/疑问句结构）及时间标志词（yesterday等），分析中考单选（占比约15%）、完形填空（动词时态运用）等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“规则归纳+真题演练”模式，如将不规则动词按“原形不变”“o改a”等规则分类，结合典型题（如“Did Mr. Black send me an email?”）解析疑问句结构，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。提供“be动词过去式口诀”“易错动词对比表”，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此高效开展语法专项复习，提升中考得分率。

The Simple Past Tense The Simple Past Tense The Simple Past Tense The Simple Past Tense 1. Definition定义 2. Structure构成 3. Mark Words标志词 7. Practice练习 4. Basic Usage基本用法 5. Change Rules变化规则 6. Syntactic Change句式变化 The Simple Past Tense 一般过去时 Let’s see where they went? go-went Past 过去 Now 现在 Future 未来 Understand the time 一般现在时:经常性的动作 现在进行时:正在进行的动作 一般将来时:即将发生的动作 下面哪个句子是一般过去时？ I go to school at 7 every day. We will go to the park tomorrow. She is cooking in the kitchen now. We visited the museum yesterday. yesterday 昨天 last night 昨晚 three days ago 三年前 in 2008 在2008年 just now 刚刚 yesterday morning 昨天早上 Mark Words 标志词 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 I played basketball yesterday. 我昨天打篮球了。 Definition play basketball打篮球 play-played Structure 结构1 主语+行为动词过去式+其他。属于动作句。 (1)在动词词尾加-ed listen-listened play-played ask-asked pick-picked Change Rules 规则动词的过去式变化 (2)以不发音e结尾的动词，词尾加-d dance-danced live-lived move-moved taste-tasted Change Rules 规则动词的过去式变化 (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，改y为i加-ed carry-carried copy-copied study-studied try-tried Change Rules 规则动词的过去式变化 (4)双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed（辅元辅） shop-shopped chat-chatted plan-planned Change Rules 规则动词的过去式变化 加-ed 加-d 改y为i加-ed 双写尾字母，再加-ed play try stop dance Practice 加-ed 加-d 改y为i加-ed 双写尾字母， 再加-ed 1.play-______ 2.try-________ 3.shop-_______ 4.study-_______ 5.ask-________ 6.listen-_______ 7.plan-_______ 8.help-_______ 9.like-________ 10.call-_______ Practice 将下面的动词改成过去式 11.start-______ 12.cry-________ 13.work-_______ 14.dance-_______ 15.use-________ 16.enjoy-_______ 17.happen-_______ 18.drop-_______ 19.fix-________ 20.follow-_______ played tried shopped studied asked listened planned helped liked called started cried worked danced used enjoyed happened dropped fixed followed 动词过去式的规则变化相对比较简单，不规则变化就需要特别记忆了。为了方便大家记忆，老师把一些常见的不规则变化做了如下归纳整理。 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 am,is was are were begin began do,does did have,has had go went buy bought come came cut cut ride rode get got sell sold hear heard sing sang build built speak spoke run ran see saw say said fly flew eat ate … … beat打败-beat Irregular Change 过去式=原形 cost花费-cost cut剪-cut hit撞-hit let让-let put放-put read阅读-read set设置-set 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) shut关-shut become成为-became Irregular Change 原形中的o改为a come来-came 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) begin开始-began Irregular Change 原形中的i改为a drink喝-drank give给-gave ring响-rang sing唱歌-sang sit坐-sat swim游泳-swam sink下沉-sank 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形中的e改为o Irregular Change get得到-got forget忘记-forgot 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形中的eep改为ept Irregular Change keep保持-kept sleep睡觉-slept sweep打扫-swept 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形中的aw-ow改为ew Irregular Change draw画画-drew grow成长-grew know知道-knew throw扔-threw 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形中的eak改为oke Irregular Change break打破-broke speak发言-spoke 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形中的ell改为old Irregular Change sell卖-sold tell告诉-told 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 结尾变成ought或aught Irregular Change bring带来-brought buy买-bought think认为-thought catch抓-caught teach教-taught 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 原形后加d或t Irregular Change hear听说-heard mean意味着-meant dream做梦-dreamt 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 结尾d变t Irregular Change build建立-built spend花费-spent 动词过去式的不规则变化(书本130页) 句式转换 I played basketball yesterday. 我昨天打篮球了。 Structure 结构1 主语+行为动词过去式+其他。属于动作句。 否定句？ I didn’t play basketball yesterday. 主语+did+not+动词原形+其它. 注意：did not= didn’t I played basketball yesterday. 我昨天打篮球了。 Structure 结构1 主语+行为动词过去式+其他。属于动作句。 疑问句？ I didn’t play basketball yesterday. Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ Did you play basketball yesterday? 肯定回答 Yes, I did. 否定回答 No,I didn’t. 肯定回答：Yes,主语+did. 否定回答：No,主语+didn’t. 1. I ___ some delicious food and _____ some gifts in my trip. A. eat;bought B.ate;bought C.eat;buy 正确答案： B 在旅途中我吃了一些美味的食物并买了一些礼物。根据题意事情发生在过去，所以用过去式。 2. Did Mr. Black _____ me an email? A. sends B. sending C. send 正确答案： C 关键词Did 3. I _____ my room and watched TV. A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned 正确答案： C 关键词 watched 4. Last Sunday. Dongdong ______ to the cinema with his mother. A. goes B. went C. will go 正确答案： B 关键词： last Sunday I say do, you say did do, did, do, did I say be, you say was be, was, be, was I say go, you say went go, went, go, went I say sit, you say sat sit, sat, sit, sat I say give, you say gave give, gave, give, gave I say get, you say got get, got, get, got I say make, you say made make, made, make, made Black for teacher Red for students Let’s chant (1)主系表结构 主语+be(was, were)+其他。属于状态句。 I was happy yesterday. Structure结构2 我昨天很开心。 主语+be（过去式）+其他. be am is are was were 我(I)用was, 你(you)用were was连着他(he),她(she),它(it) 单数名词用was，复数名词全用were 口诀 was were I we you a cat they he 用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I ________ a student in 1999. 2.He _______ at the camp last week. 3.We _______ students two years ago. 4.They _______ on the farm a moment ago. 5.Yang Ling ______ eleven years old last year. 6.There _______ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7.There ______ some milk in the fridge last Sunday. was was were were was was was 37 be动词(过去式)的否定句 观察下列肯定句是如何变为否定句的？ 肯定句：James was a teacher. 否定句：James was not a teacher. 肯定句：The boys were excited. 否定句：The boys were not excited. not not 主语+was/were+not+其他. 注意：was not= wasn’t were not= weren’t be动词(过去式)的一般疑问句 观察下列陈述句是如何变为一般疑问句的？ 陈述句：James was a teacher. 疑问句： 陈述句：The boys were excited. 疑问句： Was/Were+主语+其他？ 注意： 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答： No, 主语+was/were+not. Was James a teacher? Were the boys excited? 请将下列陈述句变为一般疑问句并作出肯定和否定回答 1.It was warm. 一般疑问句：__________________________________________ 肯定、否定回答：_______________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited. 一般疑问句：__________________________________________ 肯定、否定回答：_______________________________________ Was it warm? Yes, it was. No, it was not. Were all the students very excited? Yes, they were. No, they were not. Summary 含有be动词的一般过去时的各种句式 I was… He was… She was… It was… We were… You were… They were… I was not… 肯定式 否定式 一般疑问式及回答 Was I …? Yes, you were./No, you weren’t. He was not… She was not… It was not… We were not… You were not… They were not… Was he…? Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t. Was she…? Yes, she was./No, she wasn’t. Was it…? Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t. Were we…? Yes, we were./No, we weren’t. Were you…? Yes, I was. / Yes, we were. No, I wasn’t./No, we weren’t. Were they…? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t 注意：否定句和疑问句中的some要变为any： e.g: There was some milk in the bottle. 否定句： There was not any milk in the bottle. 疑问句：Was there any milk in the bottle? be动词(过去式)的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 what when how why 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+其他？ e.g: Who was from China? who where whose which Clip Dolls Machine 夹 娃 娃 机 PLAY 1.-____________ were you in Japan? - In 1997. A.When B.Where C.What 2. -_____ was late for the meeting yesterday? - Jack. A.Where B.What C.Who 3.______ were the students? - In the classroom. A.When B.Where C.Why Thank you ! null 61334.31 $