Unit 1 Information and Media单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语北师大版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Information and Media”单元，构建“词汇-短语-句型-语法-语篇”递进式训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基·精准突破|50题（1-50）|基础词汇（中英互译、词形变化）、短语搭配、句型补全、语法单选|从单元核心词汇到基础语法应用，层层夯实语言知识| |综合攻坚·知能拔高|2篇阅读+1篇完形（11-17题）|语篇理解（短视频影响、互联网阅读）、上下文逻辑推理|从单句到语篇的综合语言运用，提升信息获取与思维分析能力|

Unit 1 Information and Media 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一．根据中文提示，填入合适单词，每空一词 1.What’s the most important ________ (特征) of this new mobile phone? 2.Could you please ________ (打印) this paper for me right now? 3.My grandpa likes listening to the ________ (收音机) every morning. 4.She ________ (通常) spends her free time reading storybooks. 5.There is a close ________ (联系) between diet and health. 6.We had a warm ________ (交谈) about our hobbies last night. 7.I was deeply ________ (印象深刻的) by his wonderful speech. 8.Remember to ________ (关上) the door when you leave the room. 9.________ (老实说), I don’t want to join this game. 10.He will take part in the swimming ________ (决赛) next week. 二．用括号内单词正确形式填空 11.The park’s main ________ (feature) is its big lake. 12.These books ________ (print) last year in Shanghai. 13.My grandpa listens to the ________ (radio) every morning. 14.The students are ________ (most) from different villages. 15.There is a close ________ (connect) between the two problems. 16.Music is one of my ________ (favourite). 17.The ________ (report) is asking the players some questions. 18.The Internet is an important ________ (source) of information. 19.You should ________ (trust) your best friend. 20.Please ________ (cross-check) the information before you send it. 三．根据中文提示填入对应短语 21.There is a small (书亭) near our school gate. 22.We (保持联系) with each other by WeChat every day. 23. (令我惊讶的是), he passed the difficult exam easily. 24.The old factory had to (倒闭) because of little business. 25.Many students (注册) for the English speech competition. 四．完成句子 26. the top of the mountain the bad weather. 由于天气不好，很难到达山顶。 27.They you you are kind to them. 只要你他友好, 他们就会尊重你。 28.The show .这场演出正在实直播。 29.I a youth club.我过去是一个青年俱乐部的成员。 30.We're a , so we often.我们关系紧密，所以我们时常保持联系。 五．单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 31．The media ________ a big role in shaping people’s opinions (观点) about the world. A．plays B．play C．played D．playing 32．My parents always remind me not to share my personal information ________ strangers online. A．to B．for C．with D．at 33．—________ do you think of the new school website? —It’s great. We can find all kinds of useful information there. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 34．—I heard that some fake news (假新闻) made people feel scared. —Yes, so it’s important ________ the facts before sharing. A．check B．to check C．checking D．checked 35．The school newspaper ________ by students and teachers together every month. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 36．—Do you know ________ we can get the latest news about the sports meeting? —You can check the school official website. A．what B．when C．where D．why 37．When you get information online, you should make sure it comes from a ________ source. A．lazy B．reliable C．noisy D．busy 38．—Mom, may I go shopping with my friends this afternoon? —Sorry. You can’t go out before your homework ________. A．is completed B．completes C．has completed D．had completed 39．You can keep the book ________ you take good care of it. A．as long as B．as soon as C．as well as D．as far as 40．My family decided to go camping next week ________ the weather is good. A．so that B．even though C．as long as D．in case 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 A Fun Way to Start the Day Mrs. Bames turned off the bright camera light on the news desk. Charlie, a fifth-grade news announcer (播音员), sat at the desk. “Our show seems to be missing something,” he said. “It seems like we should end our 1 on a cheerful note. We should give the students 2 to enjoy. Since the show is school wide, we could help everyone begin the day in a positive way.” “What do you mean, Charlie? Don’t you think the students like watching our news show and 3 about the important events of the day?” Mrs. Barnes said jokingly. “Sure,” Charlie answered. “I’m just looking for a little something more to add to our program,” he said. Charlie was what his mother called an “experimenter”. He was, 4 trying to find a new way of doing something, and today Charlie wanted to think of how to really 5 up the school with the morning news. As Charlie walked, he hummed (哼唱) the school song. His friend Jenny met him in the hallway and, without a word, she too began humming. By the time they reached the classroom door, another girl, Lily, had 6 them and started singing their happy song. At first, Mrs. Barnes watched the class with a confused expression, and then with a shine in her eyes, she smiled. Her class loved to sing, and she liked sharing this 7 with them. Just at that moment, Charlie realized that music was the 8 he had been looking for. That’s it！Charlie thought. We can end the morning news by singing our school song. “So what do you think?” Charlie asked heartedly. Mrs. Barnes was happy to see Charlie 9 about his volunteer work as the school news announcer. “Let’s give it a try!” Mrs. Barnes replied. “I have a feeling that it will be a 10 way to end our morning news show and a fun way to start the day!” 1．A．class B．show C．day D．week 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．reading B．warning C．talking D．asking 4．A．almost B．already C．ever D．always 5．A．call B．wake C．look D．give 6．A．told B．helped C．found D．joined 7．A．moment B．memory C．plan D．information 8．A．reason B．request C．answer D．ability 9．A．disappointed B．worried C．excited D．surprised 10．A．pleasant B．polite C．normal D．traditional 2、 阅读理解 Passage 1 Short videos have become increasingly popular in recent years. These videos are typically short in length, lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes, and offer a quick supply of entertainment (娱乐) or information. While these videos may seem harmless, there are worries about the effect they can have on the human brain and attention span (持续时间). Dopamine is a neurotransmitter (神经递质) that is connected with the reward (奖励) center of the brain. When we experience something pleasurable or rewarding, such as eating a delicious meal or receiving praise, our brains release (释放) dopamine. This release of dopamine strengthens the behavior that led to the reward, making us more likely to do that behavior again. Short videos can also make our brains release dopamine. The quick and easy-to-understand nature of these videos provides an immediate satisfaction that can be addictive (上瘾的). Each time we watch a video and experience the pleasure of entertainment or information, our brains release dopamine, strengthening the behavior of watching more videos. Over time, this continuous release of dopamine can lead to a decrease in dopamine receptors in the brain. This means that it takes more and more dopamine to create the same pleasurable sensation, making it even more difficult to stop watching short videos. Studies have shown that too much use of social media can lead to a decrease in attention span, and short videos may be even more harmful. The never-ending excitement provided by these videos can make it difficult for people to focus on tasks that require lasting attention. This can lead to a decrease in productivity and a reduced interest in activities that don’t offer immediate rewards. Additionally, these videos can have a bad influence on mental health. Watching an endless stream of short videos can lead to feelings of anxiety and stress. You might also start to feel bad about yourself because you think you’re not as good as the people in the videos. Not all short videos are harmful, and they can be a valuable tool for entertainment and education. However, it is important to be mindful of how long you watch these videos and focus on activities that require full attention and provide long-term rewards. 11．What do you know about dopamine from the passage? A．Dopamine makes people more attentive. B．Dopamine keeps us from repeating things we like. C．Dopamine influences emotions instead of behaviors. D．Dopamine is released as a result of pleasurable experiences. 12．What causes people to increase their behaviors of watching short videos? A．The strong wish to learn new things. B．The convenience of getting short videos. C．The necessity of having social communication. D．The need to keep the same level of satisfaction. 13．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce how dopamine works in our brains. B．To encourage people to improve their attention span. C．To remind people to limit their time of watching short videos. D．To explain why short videos have become increasingly popular. Passage 2 Most experts agree that the Internet has totally changed how we read, think, and remember things. However, whether this transition (转变) has had a good or bad effect is still unknown. There is proof that we are reading fewer books, especially non-fiction (纪实文学). Let’s say you need medical advice or cooking instructions. Who wants to buy a 300-page book when you can find a 300-word article on the Internet about the same subject? It’s easier to read, it’s free, and it’s a lot faster. However, we are, in fact, reading a lot more overall. In addition to our offline reading, we read online throughout the day as we check our smart phones, surf the Internet, visit social media sites, and catch up on our e-mail. We also do a lot more skimming (略读) and scanning (细读) on the Internet than we do when we read physical books or magazines and newspapers. Before there was an Internet, people spent a lot of time taking notes in libraries. Today, you can just simply bookmark any page and return to it easily. However, many argue that online information sources often have mistakes and can’t be trusted, so we need to be more careful when we use them. Some think that the Internet has made it more difficult to focus on one task without getting interrupted by other things. We are continually interrupted by updates from social media websites and e-mail messages. We follow links (链接) to other websites where we find more links to other websites and jump from topic to topic. We also get a lot of junk (垃圾) – for example, news about famous people and advertisements about products we don’t want or need. Some consider what we read on the Internet to be junk, while others see many advantages in the reading we do on the Internet. Some argue that reading on the Internet is like exercise for the brain, making it easier for us to deal with interruption and think clearly as we learn to make choices that work for us. In a recent study，a lot of people agreed that our use of the Internet has actually made us smarter. If you grew up with the Internet, that’s very good news, in fact. 14．How has the Internet changed the way we read? A．It offers more fictions for people to share. B．It makes people choose books over articles. C．It offers a chance for people to skim and scan. D．It makes people read more in their daily life. 15．Internet has made it more difficult to focus on one task because ________. A．there are links for shopping connected with the task B．the right information is normally hidden among junk C．various unneeded information often take their attention away D．people need to follow different links to get the right information 16．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To question about the sources of online information. B．To discuss the problems of reading on the Internet. C．To state opinions on the effect of reading online. D．To stress the importance of reading non-fiction. 17．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Reading Skills in Shape B．Reading Habits in Transition C．The Disadvantages of Interruption D．The Benefits of Reading on the Internet 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Information and Media 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一．根据中文提示，填入合适单词，每空一词 1.What’s the most important ________ (特征) of this new mobile phone? 2.Could you please ________ (打印) this paper for me right now? 3.My grandpa likes listening to the ________ (收音机) every morning. 4.She ________ (通常) spends her free time reading storybooks. 5.There is a close ________ (联系) between diet and health. 6.We had a warm ________ (交谈) about our hobbies last night. 7.I was deeply ________ (印象深刻的) by his wonderful speech. 8.Remember to ________ (关上) the door when you leave the room. 9.________ (老实说), I don’t want to join this game. 10.He will take part in the swimming ________ (决赛) next week. 【答案】1.feature 2.print 3.radio 4.mostly 5.connection 6.conversation 7.impressed 8.shut 9.Honestly10.final 二．用括号内单词正确形式填空 11.The park’s main ________ (feature) is its big lake. 12.These books ________ (print) last year in Shanghai. 13.My grandpa listens to the ________ (radio) every morning. 14.The students are ________ (most) from different villages. 15.There is a close ________ (connect) between the two problems. 16.Music is one of my ________ (favourite). 17.The ________ (report) is asking the players some questions. 18.The Internet is an important ________ (source) of information. 19.You should ________ (trust) your best friend. 20.Please ________ (cross-check) the information before you send it. 【答案】11.feature 12.were printed 13.radio 14.mostly 15.connection 16.favourites 17.reporter 18.source 19.trust 20.cross-check 三．根据中文提示填入对应短语 21.There is a small (书亭) near our school gate. 22.We (保持联系) with each other by WeChat every day. 23. (令我惊讶的是), he passed the difficult exam easily. 24.The old factory had to (倒闭) because of little business. 25.Many students (注册) for the English speech competition. 【答案】21.news stand 22.keep in touch 23.To my surprise 24.shut down 25.sign up 四．完成句子 26. the top of the mountain the bad weather. 由于天气不好，很难到达山顶。 27.They you you are kind to them. 只要你他友好, 他们就会尊重你。 28.The show .这场演出正在实直播。 29.I a youth club.我过去是一个青年俱乐部的成员。 30.We're a , so we often.我们关系紧密，所以我们时常保持联系。 【答案】26.It's hard to reach，because of 27.will respect ，as long as 28. is going out live 29.used to belong to 30.tight group， keep in touch 五．单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 31．The media ________ a big role in shaping people’s opinions (观点) about the world. A．plays B．play C．played D．playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：媒体在塑造人们对世界的观点方面发挥着重要作用。 句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The media“媒体”作为集合名词，在此视作单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，plays是第三人称单数。 32．My parents always remind me not to share my personal information ________ strangers online. A．to B．for C．with D．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母总是提醒我不要在网上与陌生人分享我的个人信息。 to向；for为了；with和；at在。固定搭配share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。此处表示与陌生人分享，应填with。 33．—________ do you think of the new school website? —It’s great. We can find all kinds of useful information there. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为新学校网站怎么样？——它很棒。我们可以在那里找到各种有用的信息。 How如何；What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据答语“It’s great.”可知是在询问评价，使用句型What do you think of…?，意为“你认为……怎么样？”，用来询问对某事的看法。 34．—I heard that some fake news (假新闻) made people feel scared. —Yes, so it’s important ________ the facts before sharing. A．check B．to check C．checking D．checked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我听说一些假新闻让人们感到害怕。——是的，所以在分享之前核实事实是很重要的。 固定结构“It’s important to do sth.”，含义为“做某事很重要”。此结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do。在本题中，“做某事”对应的是“核实事实”，即“to check the facts” 35．The school newspaper ________ by students and teachers together every month. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：校报每个月被学生和老师一起编写。 主语“The school newspaper”与动词“write”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；根据时间状语“every month”可知应用一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用is，所以填is written。 36．—Do you know ________ we can get the latest news about the sports meeting? —You can check the school official website. A．what B．when C．where D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道我们在哪里可以获得关于运动会的最新消息吗？——你可以查看学校官方网站。 what什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；why为什么。根据答语“You can check the school official website.”可知，回答的是获取消息的地点或渠道，因此应用where引导宾语从句。 37．When you get information online, you should make sure it comes from a ________ source. A．lazy B．reliable C．noisy D．busy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你在网上获取信息时，你应该确保它来自一个可靠的来源。 lazy懒惰的；reliable可靠的；noisy吵闹的；busy忙碌的。根据“When you get information online”可知，在网上获取信息时，为了确保信息准确，来源应该是可靠的，reliable符合语境。 38．—Mom, may I go shopping with my friends this afternoon? —Sorry. You can’t go out before your homework ________. A．is completed B．completes C．has completed D．had completed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我可以和朋友去购物吗？——对不起。在你的作业被完成之前你不能出去。 is completed一般现在时，被动；completes一般现在时，主动；has completed现在完成时，主动；had completed过去完成时，主动。主语your homework与动词complete之间是被动关系，作业是被完成的，所以要用被动语态 (be+done)，is completed符合。 39．You can keep the book ________ you take good care of it. A．as long as B．as soon as C．as well as D．as far as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：只要你好好保管这本书，你就可以保留它。 as long as只要；as soon as一……就……；as well as既……又……；as far as就……而言。根据“You can keep the book...you take good care of it.”，“你好好保管这本书”是“保留这本书”的条件，即“只要好好保管这本书就可以保留它”。应填as long as。 40．My family decided to go camping next week ________ the weather is good. A．so that B．even though C．as long as D．in case 【答案】C 【详解】句意：只要天气好，我们家决定下周去露营。 so that表示目的；even though表示让步；as long as表示条件；in case表示预防。根据前句“go camping”和后句“the weather is good”的逻辑关系可知，天气好是去露营的前提条件，属于条件关系，应用表示条件的短语。应填as long as。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 A Fun Way to Start the Day Mrs. Bames turned off the bright camera light on the news desk. Charlie, a fifth-grade news announcer (播音员), sat at the desk. “Our show seems to be missing something,” he said. “It seems like we should end our 1 on a cheerful note. We should give the students 2 to enjoy. Since the show is school wide, we could help everyone begin the day in a positive way.” “What do you mean, Charlie? Don’t you think the students like watching our news show and 3 about the important events of the day?” Mrs. Barnes said jokingly. “Sure,” Charlie answered. “I’m just looking for a little something more to add to our program,” he said. Charlie was what his mother called an “experimenter”. He was, 4 trying to find a new way of doing something, and today Charlie wanted to think of how to really 5 up the school with the morning news. As Charlie walked, he hummed (哼唱) the school song. His friend Jenny met him in the hallway and, without a word, she too began humming. By the time they reached the classroom door, another girl, Lily, had 6 them and started singing their happy song. At first, Mrs. Barnes watched the class with a confused expression, and then with a shine in her eyes, she smiled. Her class loved to sing, and she liked sharing this 7 with them. Just at that moment, Charlie realized that music was the 8 he had been looking for. That’s it！Charlie thought. We can end the morning news by singing our school song. “So what do you think?” Charlie asked heartedly. Mrs. Barnes was happy to see Charlie 9 about his volunteer work as the school news announcer. “Let’s give it a try!” Mrs. Barnes replied. “I have a feeling that it will be a 10 way to end our morning news show and a fun way to start the day!” 1．A．class B．show C．day D．week 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．reading B．warning C．talking D．asking 4．A．almost B．already C．ever D．always 5．A．call B．wake C．look D．give 6．A．told B．helped C．found D．joined 7．A．moment B．memory C．plan D．information 8．A．reason B．request C．answer D．ability 9．A．disappointed B．worried C．excited D．surprised 10．A．pleasant B．polite C．normal D．traditional 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了五年级的校新闻播音员查理热爱本职工作，热爱探索，并介绍了他是如何找到用早间新闻真正唤醒学校的新方式的。 1．句意：看来我们应该以愉快的方式结束我们的节目。 class课；show表演，节目；day天；week周。根据前文“Our show seems to be missing something,”可知指的是节目。故选B。 2．句意：我们应该给予学生一些享受的东西。 something一些东西，一些事情；anything任何事情；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据后文“Since the show is school wide, we could help everyone begin the day in a positive way.”可知，节目可以帮助每个人以积极的方式开始新的一天，即给予学生一些可以享受的东西。故选A。 3．句意：你不觉得学生们喜欢看我们的新闻节目，并喜欢谈论当天的重要事件吗？ reading阅读；warning警告；talking谈话；asking询问。根据“about the important events of the day?”可知是谈论当天的重要事件，talk about“谈论”，动词短语。故选C。 4．句意：他总是试图找到一种新的做事方式，今天查理想思考如何用早间新闻真正唤醒学校。 almost几乎；already已经；ever曾经；always总是。根据前文“Charlie was what his mother called an ‘experimenter’”可知查理很喜欢试用一些新的方式，故这里指总是试图找到一种新的做事方式。故选D。 5．句意：他总是试图找到一种新的做事方式，今天查理想思考如何用早间新闻真正唤醒学校。 call打电话；wake叫醒；look看；give给。根据后文“up the school with the morning news.”可知，是用早间新闻唤醒学校。故选B。 6．句意：当他们走到教室门口时，另一个女孩莉莉也加入了他们，开始唱他们的快乐之歌。 told告诉；helped帮助；found找到，发现；joined加入。根据前文“As Charlie walked, he hummed (哼唱) the school song. His friend Jenny met him in the hallway and, without a word, she too began humming.”可知，几个人在哼唱歌曲，故这里指莉莉也加入了他们。故选D。 7．句意：她的班里的孩子们喜欢唱歌，她喜欢和他们分享这一刻。 moment时刻；memory记忆；plan计划；information信息。根据“Her class loved to sing, and she liked sharing this...with them.”可知，巴恩斯夫人喜欢和孩子们分享这一刻。故选A。 8．句意：就在那一刻，查理意识到音乐就是他一直在寻找的答案。 reason原因；request请求；answer答案，回答；ability能力。根据前文可知，查理一直在寻找如何用早间新闻真正唤醒学校的办法，而音乐正是他要找的答案。故选C。 9．句意：巴恩斯太太很高兴看到查理对学校新闻播音员志愿者工作感到兴奋。 disappointed失望的；worried担心的；excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的。根据前文“That’s it！Charlie thought. We can end the morning news by singing our school song. ‘So what do you think?’ Charlie asked heartedly.”可知，查理对学校新闻播音员志愿者工作感到兴奋。故选C。 10．句意：我有一种感觉，这将是结束我们早间新闻节目的愉快方式，也是开始新的一天的有趣方式！ pleasant令人愉快的；polite礼貌的；normal正常的；traditional传统的。根据前文可知，查理想到了用音乐的方式，故推断这应是令人愉快的。故选A。 2、 阅读理解 Passage 1 Short videos have become increasingly popular in recent years. These videos are typically short in length, lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes, and offer a quick supply of entertainment (娱乐) or information. While these videos may seem harmless, there are worries about the effect they can have on the human brain and attention span (持续时间). Dopamine is a neurotransmitter (神经递质) that is connected with the reward (奖励) center of the brain. When we experience something pleasurable or rewarding, such as eating a delicious meal or receiving praise, our brains release (释放) dopamine. This release of dopamine strengthens the behavior that led to the reward, making us more likely to do that behavior again. Short videos can also make our brains release dopamine. The quick and easy-to-understand nature of these videos provides an immediate satisfaction that can be addictive (上瘾的). Each time we watch a video and experience the pleasure of entertainment or information, our brains release dopamine, strengthening the behavior of watching more videos. Over time, this continuous release of dopamine can lead to a decrease in dopamine receptors in the brain. This means that it takes more and more dopamine to create the same pleasurable sensation, making it even more difficult to stop watching short videos. Studies have shown that too much use of social media can lead to a decrease in attention span, and short videos may be even more harmful. The never-ending excitement provided by these videos can make it difficult for people to focus on tasks that require lasting attention. This can lead to a decrease in productivity and a reduced interest in activities that don’t offer immediate rewards. Additionally, these videos can have a bad influence on mental health. Watching an endless stream of short videos can lead to feelings of anxiety and stress. You might also start to feel bad about yourself because you think you’re not as good as the people in the videos. Not all short videos are harmful, and they can be a valuable tool for entertainment and education. However, it is important to be mindful of how long you watch these videos and focus on activities that require full attention and provide long-term rewards. 11．What do you know about dopamine from the passage? A．Dopamine makes people more attentive. B．Dopamine keeps us from repeating things we like. C．Dopamine influences emotions instead of behaviors. D．Dopamine is released as a result of pleasurable experiences. 12．What causes people to increase their behaviors of watching short videos? A．The strong wish to learn new things. B．The convenience of getting short videos. C．The necessity of having social communication. D．The need to keep the same level of satisfaction. 13．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce how dopamine works in our brains. B．To encourage people to improve their attention span. C．To remind people to limit their time of watching short videos. D．To explain why short videos have become increasingly popular. 【答案】11．D 12．D 13．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了短视频成隐的机制与危害；多巴胺是一种神经递质，与大脑的奖赏中枢相连；愉悦的经历会释放多巴胺；而多巴胺的释放加强了导致奖励的行为，使我们更有可能再次做出这种行为。但是随着时间的推移，多巴胺的持续释放会导致大脑中多巴胺受体的减少。这意味着需要越来越多的多巴胺来产生同样的愉悦感，这使得停止观看短视频变得更加困难。文章呼吁我们注意看这些视频的时间，并把注意力集中在需要全神贯注并提供长期回报的活动上来。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据第二段“When we experience something pleasurable or rewarding, such as eating a delicious meal or receiving praise, our brains release dopamine.”可知，当我们经历一些愉快或奖励的事情时，比如吃一顿美味的饭或受到表扬，我们的大脑会释放多巴胺。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Each time we watch a video and experience the pleasure of entertainment or information, our brains release dopamine, strengthening the behavior of watching more videos.”和第四段“Over time, this continuous release of dopamine can lead to a decrease in dopamine receptors in the brain. This means that it takes more and more dopamine to create the same pleasurable sensation, making it even more difficult to stop watching short videos.”可知，愉悦的经历会释放多巴胺；随着时间的推移，多巴胺的持续释放会导致大脑中多巴胺受体的减少；这意味着需要越来越多的多巴胺来产生同样的愉悦感，这使得停止观看短视频变得更加困难。故选D。 13．主旨大意题。综合全文尤其是最后一段“However, it is important to be mindful of how long you watch these videos and focus on activities that require full attention and provide long-term rewards.”可知，本文通过介绍短视频了成隐的机制与危害，提醒我们要注意控制刷短视频的时间。故选C。 Passage 2 Most experts agree that the Internet has totally changed how we read, think, and remember things. However, whether this transition (转变) has had a good or bad effect is still unknown. There is proof that we are reading fewer books, especially non-fiction (纪实文学). Let’s say you need medical advice or cooking instructions. Who wants to buy a 300-page book when you can find a 300-word article on the Internet about the same subject? It’s easier to read, it’s free, and it’s a lot faster. However, we are, in fact, reading a lot more overall. In addition to our offline reading, we read online throughout the day as we check our smart phones, surf the Internet, visit social media sites, and catch up on our e-mail. We also do a lot more skimming (略读) and scanning (细读) on the Internet than we do when we read physical books or magazines and newspapers. Before there was an Internet, people spent a lot of time taking notes in libraries. Today, you can just simply bookmark any page and return to it easily. However, many argue that online information sources often have mistakes and can’t be trusted, so we need to be more careful when we use them. Some think that the Internet has made it more difficult to focus on one task without getting interrupted by other things. We are continually interrupted by updates from social media websites and e-mail messages. We follow links (链接) to other websites where we find more links to other websites and jump from topic to topic. We also get a lot of junk (垃圾) – for example, news about famous people and advertisements about products we don’t want or need. Some consider what we read on the Internet to be junk, while others see many advantages in the reading we do on the Internet. Some argue that reading on the Internet is like exercise for the brain, making it easier for us to deal with interruption and think clearly as we learn to make choices that work for us. In a recent study，a lot of people agreed that our use of the Internet has actually made us smarter. If you grew up with the Internet, that’s very good news, in fact. 14．How has the Internet changed the way we read? A．It offers more fictions for people to share. B．It makes people choose books over articles. C．It offers a chance for people to skim and scan. D．It makes people read more in their daily life. 15．Internet has made it more difficult to focus on one task because ________. A．there are links for shopping connected with the task B．the right information is normally hidden among junk C．various unneeded information often take their attention away D．people need to follow different links to get the right information 16．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To question about the sources of online information. B．To discuss the problems of reading on the Internet. C．To state opinions on the effect of reading online. D．To stress the importance of reading non-fiction. 17．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Reading Skills in Shape B．Reading Habits in Transition C．The Disadvantages of Interruption D．The Benefits of Reading on the Internet 【答案】14．D 15．C 16．C 17．B 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要客观论述了网络的发达对人们的阅读和生活方式产生的影响，以及我们应该如何正确使用网络。 14．细节理解题。根据“However, we are, in fact, reading a lot more overall”，可知事实上，人们在日常生活中阅读得更多了，故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据“Some think that the Internet has made it more difficult to focus on one task without getting interrupted by other things”和“...news about famous people and advertisements about products we don’t want or need”，可知是因为人们总是被一些不需要的信息打断，故选C。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要阐述了网络的发达对人们的阅读方式产生的影响，故选C。 17．最佳标题。通读全文，可知文章主要阐述了网络时代人们的阅读方式发生了怎样的转变，再根据“Most experts agree that the Internet has totally changed how we read...whether this transition (转变) has had a good or bad effect is still unknown”，可知B项“转变中的阅读习惯”可作为最佳标题，故选B。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $