Unit 1 Nature in the balance（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（译林版）

Unit 1 Nature in the balance 教材全解（一） harm soil ecosystem overseas region continent 。单元核心词汇 million length biodiversity species nut lily variety wildlife beneath mass towering hardwood 。单元同步语法 省略句 ⑦单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.ecosystem/'i:kousIstom/n.生态系统 词形变化：ecological(adj.）生态的；ecologically(adv.）生态上 搭配：marine ecosystem海洋生态系统；fragile ecosystem脆弱的生态系统； balance the ecosystem平衡生态系统 辨析：ecosystem指特定区域内所有生物与环境相互作用的整体；environment更泛 指环境，范围更广。 Protecting the ecosystem is crucial for the survival of many species. Human activities have severely damaged the local ecosystem. 2.biodiversity/bareudar'v3:sati/n.生物多样性 词形变化：diverse(adj.)多样的；diversity(m.)多样性 搭配：loss of biodiversity生物多样性丧失；rich biodiversity丰富的生物多样性； conserve biodiversity保护生物多样性 辨析：biodiversity强调物种、基因与生态系统的多样性；variety更侧重种类繁多。 例句：The rainforest is home to an incredible biodiversity. Climate change poses a serious threat to global biodiversity. 3.species/'spi:i:zln.（单复数同形)种，物种 词形变化：无特殊变形，注意单复数同形 搭配：endangered species濒危物种；native species本地物种；invasive species入 侵物种 辨析：species是生物学分类的基本单位；ind/ype更口语化。注意a species of+ 单数名词。 例句：Many species are at risk of extinction due to deforestation, Scientists have discovered a new species of frog in the Amazon. 4.survive/sa'vav/vi.生存，存活；vt.幸存，幸免于难 词形变化：survival(.)生存，存活；survivor(n.)幸存者；surviving(adj.)活着 的 搭配：survive the accident在事故中幸存；survive on sth.靠…生存；survive+ n.比…活得长 辨析：survive强调在危险或困难中存活下来；exist仅表示存在。 例句：Only a few animals can survive in such extreme conditions. She survived her husband by ten years. 5.microo1 ganism/,markrau'o:gzm/n.微生物 词形变化：microbe(n.)微生物（同义词）；microscopic(adj.）微观的 搭配：harmful microorganisms有害微生物；decompose by microorganisms被微生 物分解 辨析：microorganism是统称，包括细菌、病毒、真菌等；bacteria是细菌，属微生 物一类。 例句：Soil is rich in microorganisms that help break down organic matter. Some microorganisms are essential for human digestion 6.break down 短语.使分解（为），使变化（成） 词形变化：breakdown(n.)分解，故障，崩溃 搭配：break down into分解成；break down waste分解废物 辨析：break down指化学或生物分解；take apart指物理拆解。短语动词，注意及 物/不及物用法。 例句：Bacteria and fungi break down dead plants and animals. The chemical breaks down quickly in sunlight. 7.ntum短语.相应地，转而 词形变化：固定短语，无变形 搭配：常用结构：Aleads to B,which in turn leads to C. 辨析：in turn表示连锁反应或顺序影响；by tuns轮流；in return作为回报。 The loss of forests affects the climate,which in turn threatens wildlife. Plants provide food for herbivores,which in turn are eaten by carnivores 8.mass /maes/.n.大量团，块，堆；一大群；adj.大批的，广泛的 词形变化：massive(adj.）巨大的，大量的；massively(adv.)大量地 搭配：a mass of大量的；mass production大规模生产；nass media大众传媒；the masses群众 辨析：mass强调体积或数量大；plenty of侧重充足。 例句：A mass of clouds gathered over the mountain. Mass tourism has caused serious damage to the ecosystem. 9.towering/'tauerm/adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 词形变化：tower(n.)塔；vi.高耸；tower over胜过 搭配：towering trees高耸的树木；towering figure杰出人物 辨析：towering形容物体极高或成就非凡；high仅指高度，语气弱。 例句：The rainforest is filled with towering hardwood trees. He is a towering figure in the field of ecology. l0.beneath/br'i:0/prep.在…下面，在…下方；配不上 词形变化：underneath(prep./adv.）在下面（同义） 搭配：beneath the surface在表面之下；beneath one's dignity有失身份 辨析：beneath较正式，可表示抽象“配不上”；under更常用，强调垂直下方； below仅指位置低。 例句：Many microorganisms live beneath the soil surface, He felt the job was beneath him. ll.variety /ve'1 rareti/n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 词形变化：various(adj.）各种各样的；vay(~.）变化；variable(adj.)可变的 搭配：a variety of各种各样的；variety show综艺节目 辨析：variety强调种类的多样性；diversity更侧重差异性与丰富度，常用于生物、 文化。 例句：There is a wide variety of wildlife in this region. The museum offers variety in its exhibitions. l2.living/'rv四/adj.活着的，活的；在使用的；n.生计，谋生；生活方式 词形变化：live(w.)生活；alive(adj.)活着的（表语）；lively(adj.)生动的 搭配：make a living谋生；living things生物；living standards生活水平 辨析：living作定语或表语，指“活着的”；alive只作表语或后置定语；alive更 有感情色彩。 例句：All living organisms need water to survive. She earns a living as a wildlife photographer. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The Amazon rainforest is one of the most biologically diverse (ecosystem)on Earth. 2.Deforestation is causing a rapid loss of (biodiverse)in many tropical regions. 3.This (species)of orchid can only be found in a small area of Brazil. 4.Only a few plants can (survival)in the dry desert environment. 5. (microorganism)play a key role in breaking down dead organic matter. 6.When dead leaves fall to the ground,they are (break)down by fungi and bacteria. 7.The rise in temperature leads to melting ice,which turn causes sea levels to rise. 8.A (mass)amount of plastic waste is dumped into the ocean every year. 9.The (tower)trees of the rainforest create a thick canopy above. 10.The roots of the water lily spread (beneath)the surface of the pond. 11.The national park is home to a wide (vay）of bird species. 12.A11 (live)creatures depend on each other for survival. (二)短文填空 The Amazon rainforest is a unique 1. with incredible 2. Countless 3. of plants and animals 4. there.The forest floor is covered with leaves and dead wood,which are gradually 5. down by 6. These nutrients are then absorbed by plants,and 7. turn support the entire food web. 8. trees,many of them 9. hardwoods,create a dense canopy. 10. this canopy,the forest is dark and humid.The Amazon provides a 11. of habitats for wildlife;all 12. things here are connected in a delicate balance. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.ecosystems;2.biodiversity;3.species;4.survive;5.Microorganisms;6.broken; 7.in;8.massive;9.towering;10.beneath;11.variety;12.living (二)短文填空 1.ecosystem;2.biodiversity;3.species;4.survive;5.broken;6.microorganisms; 7.in;8.Massive;9.towering;10.Beneath;11.variety;12.living 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 省略句 省略句 类型 内容 简单句中的省为避免重复，简单句中可省略主语、谓语或宾语等成分。 略 ①Thank you.(省略主语I)②Coming with me?(省略谓语Are you) 在并列句中，若前后分句有相同成分，可省略后一分句的相同部分。 并列句中的省 略 1I like apples,and my brother oranges.2 He was born in 2000 and she in 2002. 定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可省略；状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主 复合句中的省语一致且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和b动词。 略 D The book I bought yesterday is very interesting.2 When crossing the street,be careful. 在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语时，不定式省略to;help后to可省可 不定式的省略不省。 DI saw him enter the room.2 Can you help me clean the room? 固定句型中的常见固定省略结构如lif any,if ever,,ifso,ifnot,,if necessary,Why not..等。 省略 ①There are few mistakes,if any.②Why not go with us？ 交际用语中的日常交际用语中常用省略。 省略 ①Nice to meet you.②Sorry for being late.. 考点通关 省略句 语法专练一：选择题(8题) 1.-Have you finished your homework?-Not yet.I'll finish it possible. A.ifitis B.ifis C.if possible D.if it possible 2.The little girl sat on the bench, a book in her hand. A.read B.reading C.and reading D.and read 3.-Why didn't you come to the party?- but I had a terrible headache. A.I was going to B.I would like C.I'd like to D.I wanted 4.She is more hardworking than in her class. A.any student B.any other student C.any other student D.any other student is does 5.The man you spoke to just now is our new teacher. A.who B.whom C./ D.all of the above are correct 6.-Will you go with me?- I have to work on my paper. A.I'd love to,but I B.I'dlove to,but C.Yes,I'd love to D.No,I don't can't 7.When the museum,we saw a huge sculpture. A.enter B.entered C.entering D.to enter 8.-I don't think she is a good student.- she is actually the top one in the school. A.If so B.If not C.If any D.If ever 语法专练二：语法填空（10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，必要时可省略。 1.Last week,I met an old friend while in the park. 2.He told me that he had moved to Beijing and as a lawyer there. 3.I asked him why he that city,and he answered,"Because my family are there.” 4.The house he lives in is very big. 5.When I arrived,his wife was cooking,and her daughter a book. 6.The daughter Amy,is very smart. 7.She can speak French and poems. 8. honest,I miss those days a lot. 9.Why for dinner? 10.If I will visit him again next month. 参考答案 语法专练一：选择题 1.C;2.B;3.A;4.D;5.D;6.A;7.C;8.A 1.walking;2.worked;3.had chosen;4./;5.was reading; 语法专练二：语法填空 6.called;7.write;8.To be;9.not stay;10.possible A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 The Amazon rainforest 1. Having evolved over millions of years,this ecosystem contains more biodiversity than any other place on the planet. 结构：现在分词短语(Having done),+主句 中文：经过了数百万年的进化，这个生态系统拥有地球上最多的生物多样性。 用法：现在分词短语常作状语，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况； Having done强调该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，且逻辑主语需与主句主语一致。 2.The Amazon rainforest is not only a home to millions of species but also a vital regulator of the global climate 结构：not only+A,but also+B 中文：亚马逊雨林不仅是数百万物种的家园，还是全球气候的重要调节器。 用法：连接两个并列成分，强调“不仅…而且…”；not only置于句首时需部分 倒装；also可省略或用as well替换。 3.What makes the Amazon so irreplaceable is its ability to absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. 结构：What+主语从句+is/was+名词/表语从句 中文：使亚马逊如此不可替代的是它吸收二氧化碳和产生氧气的能力。 用法：what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示“…的事情/东西”；整个从句作 主语，谓语动词用单数。 4.It is not just the trees that make the rainforest unique. 结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that+句子其余部分 中文：不仅仅是树木使雨林独特。 用法：强调主语、宾语或状语；强调人时可用who代替hat;不能强调谓语动词。 Although human activities such as logging and farming have caused widespread destruction,there is still hope that we can protect this natural treasure. 结构：Although/Though+从句，主句 中文：尽管人类活动如伐木和农业造成了广泛的破坏，我们仍有希望保护这个自然宝 藏。 用法：表示“尽管…，但是…”；主句不能用but;though可置于句末， although更正式。 6.a function that is critical to fighting climate change. 结构：be critical to+n./doing sth 中文：雨林对应对气候变化至关重要。 用法：表示“对…至关重要”，to是介词，后接名词或动名词；同义短语有be essential/vital/crucial too every choice we make ..has an impact on the health of the Amazon 结构：先行词+（关系代词省略）+定语从句 中文：我们所做的每一个选择都对雨林和地球的健康有影响。 用法：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略；关系副词不能省略；注意限制性与非 限制性定语从句的区别。 8.there is still hope that we can protect this natural treasure 结构：抽象名词(hope/fact/news/idea等)+that+完整句子 中文：我希望我们可以为子孙后代保护这个自然宝藏。 用法：从句解释说明名词的具体内容，that不作成分不可省略；与定语从句的区别是 that在从句中不作成分。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. (evolve)over a long time,the rainforest has rich biodiversity. 2.The Amazon is not only a home to species but also a (regulate)of the climate. 3.What (make)the forest unique is its complex interactions. 4.It is the trees that (play)a key role in absorbing COz. 5.Although logging (cause)damage,we can still take action. 6.The function of the rainforest is critical to (fight) climate change. 7.The choices we (make)every day affect the planet. 8.I still hold hope (that)we can protect this treasure. 9.This documentary reminds us of the (important)of rainforests. 10.By (raise)awareness,we can help the forest survive. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.亚马逊雨林不仅是数百万物种的家园，还是全球气候的重要调节器。 2.经过了数百万年的进化，这个生态系统拥有地球上最多的生物多样性。 3. 使亚马逊如此不可替代的是它吸收二氧化碳和产生氧气的能力。 4.不仅仅是树木使雨林独特；植物、动物和微生物之间复杂的相互作用创造了一种微妙 的平衡。 5.尽管人类活动如伐木和农业造成了广泛的破坏，我们仍有希望保护这个自然宝藏。 6.这部纪录片提醒我们，我们所做的每一个选择都对雨林和地球的健康有影响。 7.通过提高意识和采取行动，我们可以帮助减缓森林砍伐。 8.雨林对应对气候变化至关重要。 9.保护亚马逊雨林就是保护我们的未来。 10.我希望我们可以为子孙后代保护这个自然宝藏。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.Having evolved;2.regulator;3.makes;4.play;5.has caused caused;6.fighting;7.make;8.that;9.importance;10.raising 练习二：翻译句子 1.The Amazon rainforest is not only a home to millions of species but also a vital regulator of the global climate.;2.Having evolved over millions of years,this ecosystem contains the most biodiversity on the planet.;3.What makes the Amazon so irreplaceable is its ability to absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.;4.It is not just the trees that make the rainforest unique; the complex interactions between plants,animals and microorganisms create a delicate balance.;5.Although human activities such as logging and farming have caused widespread destruction,there is still hope that we can protect this natural treasure.6.This documentary reminds us that every choice we make has an impact on the health of the rainforest and our planet.;7.By raising awareness and taking action,we can help slow down deforestation.8.The rainforest is critical to fighting climate change.9.Protecting the Amazon rainforest means protecting our future.10.I hope that we can protect this natural treasure for future generations. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A The Amazon rainforest,often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth,"plays a critical role in regulating the global climate.However,a growing body of scientific evidence suggests that this vital ecosystem is approaching a tipping point.If deforestation continues at its current pace,large parts of the Amazon could transform from a lush rainforest into a dry savanna,with catastrophic consequences for biodiversity and the climate. Researchers have long warned that the Amazon has a "tipping point"-a threshold beyond which the forest can no longer sustain itself.When too many trees are lost,the region's water cycle is disrupted.The forest generates its own rainfall through evapotranspiration,the process by which trees release water vapor into the atmosphere.With fewer trees,less moisture is released,leading to longer dry seasons and more frequent droughts.This creates a vicious cycle:drought kills more trees,which in turn reduces rainfall further. A recent study published in the journal Nature Climate Change indicates that up to 40%of the Amazon is now at nisk of reaching this tipping point.The study combined satellite data with climate models to map the areas most vulnerable to this transition.The southern and eastem parts of the rainforest,where deforestation and fire activity are highest,are particularly at risk. "This is not a future scenario-it is happening now,"said Dr.Elena Garcia,the lead author of the study."We are seeing more frequent and intense droughts in the Amazon,and the forest's ability to recover is diminishing.If we lose the Amazon,we lose a major buffer against global warming." The consequences would extend far beyond South America.The Amazon stores an estimated 100 billion tons of carbon.If it becomes a savanna,much of this carbon would be released into the atmosphere,accelerating climate change worldwide.Moreover,the loss of the Amazon would result in the extinction of countless species that call it home. Despite the grim outlook,the study also offers a glimmer of hope.It suggests that if deforestation can be reduced to zero and large-scale reforestation is undertaken,the Amazon could be saved.This requires not only government action but also global cooperation to reduce demand for products linked to deforestation,such as beef and soy. ()1.What is the main idea of the passage? A.The Amazon is the largest rainforest in the world. B.The Amazon is approaching a dangerous tipping point. C.Deforestation in the Amazon has been completely stopped. D.The Amazon will definitely become a savanna soon. ()2.The term "tipping point"in the passage refers to a point where A.the forest produces the most oxygen B.the Amazon's water cycle becomes balanced C.the forest can no longer sustain itself as a rainforest D.deforestation reaches its highest level ()3.According to the study,which part of the Amazon is most vulnerable to the tipping point? A.The central region. B.The western part. C.The northem and westemn parts. D.The southern and eastern parts. ()4.What does Dr.Elena Garcia's comment imply? A.The situation will improve naturally B.The tipping point is a distant future threat. C.The damage to the Amazon is already occurring. D.The Amazon's recovery is guaranteed. ()5.What is the author's attitude towards the possibility of saving the Amazon? A.Pessimistic. B.Cautiously hopeful. C.Indifferent. D.Overly optimistic. Passage B While the Amazon captures much of the world's attention,another crucial ecosystem is silently suffering beneath the waves:coral reefs.Often called the "rainforests of the sea,"coral reefs support an estimated 25%of all marine species,despite covering less than 1%of the ocean floor.However, these vibrant underwater cities are facing an existential crisis due to climate change. The primary threat to coral reefs is ocean warming.Corals have a symbiotic relationship with tiny algae called zooxanthellae,which live inside their tissues and provide them with food through photosynthesis. When water temperatures rise even slightly above normal,corals become stressed and expel these algae.This causes the corals to turn white,a phenomenon known as coral bleaching.While bleached corals are not dead,they are under severe stress and become more vulnerable to disease.If the high temperatures persist,the corals will eventually die. Major bleaching events have become more frequent and severe.The Great Barrier Reef,the world's largest coral reef system,has experienced three mass bleaching events in the last five years.Scientists wamn that if global temperatures rise by 1.5C above pre-industrial levels,70 to 90%of the world's coral reefs could be lost.At 2C of warming,the figure rises to over 99%. Ocean acidification poses another significant threat.As the ocean absorbs more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere,its chemistry changes,becoming more acidic.This makes it harder for corals to build their calcium carbonate skeletons,a process essential for reef growth.The combination of warmer, more acidic water is a deadly double blow for these ecosystems. The loss of coral reefs would be devastating.They act as natural bariers,protecting coastlines from storms and erosion.They support fisheries that millions of people depend on for food and income. They are also a source of new medicines.Beyond their ecological and economic value,coral reefs hold immense cultural significance for many coastal communities. Efforts to save coral reefs are underway,including the development of heat-resistant corals through selective breeding and assisted evolution.Marine protected areas,which restrict fishing and other damaging activities,have also been shown to help.However,like the Amazon,the long-term survival of coral reefs ultimately depends on the global community's ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit climate change. ()1.Why are coral reefs compared to the"rainforests of the sea"? A.They are both located in tropical regions. B.They both produce a large amount of oxygen. C.They both support high levels of biodiversity. D.They are both threatened by deforestation. ()2.What is the immediate cause of coral bleaching? A.Ocean acidification. B.Increased storm activity. C.The loss of zooxanthellae due to warm water. D.Overfishing by humans. ()3.According to the passage,what is the"deadly double blow"for coral reefs? A.Rising sea levels and pollution. B.Warmer water and more acidic water. C.Overfishing and coastal development. D.Storms and erosion. ()4.What does the author suggest is the most critical action to save coral reefs in the long term? A.Building artificial reefs. B.Reducing greenhouse gas emissions. C.Restricting tourism. D.Introducing non-native species. ()5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.The problem is hopeless for coral reefs. B.Local efforts alone are enough to save them. C.Immediate and global action is required. D.Marine protected areas have been ineffective. 二、完形填空 The ocean is a vast and mysterious place,home to an incredible diversity of life.From the sunlit surface to the deep,dark abyss,marine ecosystems are far more 1.than we often imagine. One of the most important,yet often overlooked,groups of organisms in the ocean is plankton. The word "plankton"comes from the Greek word for "drifter,"and these tiny organisms are indeed at the 2. of the ocean currents.They are generally too small to swim against the flow Plankton can be divided into two main 3.phytoplankton,which are plant-like and produce their own food through photosynthesis,and zooplankton,which are animal-like and feed on other organisms. Phytoplankton are the true heroes of the ocean.4. they are microscopic,they produce more than half of the Earth's oxygen.They form the 5. of almost all marine food webs. Zooplankton,such as tiny shiimp and fish larvae,feed on phytoplankton.In 6. ,they become food for larger animals,including fish,whales,and seabirds. The health of plankton populations is 7. to the entire marine ecosystem.Changes in water temperature and acidity can cause dramatic shifts in plankton communities.For example,a "bloom" of phytoplankton occurs when conditions are ideal,creating a green 8 on the ocean surface. While this can provide a feast for zooplankton,it can also be 9. if the bloom is of a toxic species,leading to "dead zones"where oxygen is depleted. Scientists are studying plankton more closely than ever before.By 10. their distribution and abundance,they can gain valuable insights into the health of our oceans and the 11. of climate change.These tiny drifters are,in fact,powerful indicators of the state of our planet. Understanding and 12.these vital organisms is not just a scientific pursuit;it is a necessity for our own survival.The next time you look at the sea,remember that beneath the waves,a microscopic world is working hard to keep our planet 13..The fate of the ocean,and indeed our own,is inextricably 14. to these tiny,drifting 15. 1.A.simple B.complex C.boring D.dangerous 2.A.mercy B.bottom C.top D.center 3.A.groups B.levels C.colors D.sizes 4.A.Because B.Although C.If D.Unless 5.A.top B.end C.base D.middle 6.A.turn B.time C.return D.brief 7.A.harmful B.similar C.inferior D.critical 8.A.hole B.layer C.hole D.spot 9.A.helpful B.harmless C.destructive D.invisible 10.A.ignoring B.reducing C.monitoring D.creating 11.A.impacts B.benefits C.causes D.solutions 12.A.destroying B.removing C.protecting D.ignoring 13.A.quiet B.balanced C.dry D.polluted 14.A.opposed B.compared C.limited D.linked 15.A.animals B.plants C.organisms D.rocks 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. Seagrass meadows are one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth.Found along coastlines on every continent except Antarctica,these underwater flowering plants form vast,dense meadows that provide food and shelter for thousands of species,including fish,turtles,seahorses,and dugongs. Despite their name,seagrasses are not true grasses;they evolved from terrestrial plants that returned to the ocean millions of years ago. One of the most remarkable features of seagrass meadows is their ability to capture and store carbon. They are known as "blue carbon"ecosystems.While rainforests capture carbon quickly,seagrasses are much more efficient at storing it for the long term.They can store carbon up to 35 times faster than tropical rainforests,and the carbon can remain locked in the sediments for thousands of years.This makes them a powerful natural solution in the fight against climate change. Despite their value,seagrass meadows are in decline worldwide.It is estimated that 7%of seagrass habitat is being lost each year,primarily due to human activities.Coastal development,pollution from agricultural runoff,and boat damage are major direct causes.Climate change adds another layer of stress.Rising sea temperatures can cause seagrasses to die off,and more frequent and intense storms can rip up the meadows. The loss of seagrass has a domino effect.It releases the carbon stored in the sediments back into the atmosphere,accelerating climate change.It also removes a crucial nursery habitat for many commercially important fish species,affecting fisheries and the livelihoods of coastal communities Furthermore,seagrass meadows help keep the water clear by stabilizing the seafloor and trapping sediment.When they are lost,water quality deteriorates. Conservation efforts are gaining momentum.Organizations around the world are working to map, protect,and restore seagrass meadows.These projects involve reducing pollution in coastal waters, limiting boat propeller damage,and actively replanting seagrass shoots.While these efforts face significant challenges,they offer a ray of hope.Protecting and restoring these "hidden forests"is not just an environmental issue;it is a smart investment in our planet's future and our own well-being. 1.Why are seagrass meadows considered more efficient than rainforests? 2.What are the two main threats to seagrass meadows mentioned in the text? 3.Explain the "domino effect"mentioned in paragraph 4. 4.What does the author mean by referring to seagrasses as "hidden forests"? 5.According to the author,why is protecting seagrass meadows a "smart investment"? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Amazon rainforest is a unique 1.(ecosystem)with incredible 2. (biodiverse). Countless 3. (species)of plants and animals 4. (survival)there.The forest floor is covered with leaves and dead wood,which are gradually 5. (break)down by 6. (microorganism).These nutrients are then absorbed by plants,and 7. turn support the entire food web.8. (mass)trees,many of them 9. (tower)hardwoods,create a dense canopy.10. this canopy,the forest is dark and humid.The Amazon provides a 11. (vary)of habitats for wildlife;all 12. (living)things here are connected in a delicate balance. 2. 3. 4. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 五、写作 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Cis对环保很感兴趣，他给你发来邮件，询问如何从个人层面 为保护森林生态系统做出贡献。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.森林生态系统的重要性： 2.具体的个人行动建议（至少两点)： 3.表达期望。 要求： 1.词数100左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, I'm glad to hear that you're interested in protecting forest ecosystems. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 Passage A:1.B 2.C3.D 4.C 5.B 一、阅读理解 Passage B:1.C 2.C3.B 4.B 5.C 1.B;2.A;3.A;4.B;5.C;6.A;7.D;8.B;9.C;10.C11.A;12.C;13.B;14. 二、完形填空 D;15.C 三、阅读短文L.Because they can store carbon up to35 times faster than tropical rainforests and 回答问题 can lock it away for thousands of years. 2.The two main threats are human activities (coastal development,pollution,boat damage)and climate change (rising sea temperatures and stronger storms). 3.The loss of seagrass releases stored carbon,which accelerates climate change.It also destroys nursery habitats for fish,affecting fisheries,and reduces water quality, leading to further ecosystem damage. 4.The author refers to them as "hidden forests"because they are underwater and not as visible as forests on land,yet they are incredibly productive and valuable. 5.Protecting them is a smart investment because they help fight climate change, support fisheries,and improve water quality,which benefits both the environment and human well-being. 1.ecosystem 2.biodiversity 3.species 4.survive 5.broken 6.microorganisms 7.in 8. 四、短文填空 Massive 9.towering 10.Beneath 11.variety 12.living 五、写作 范文： Dear Chris, I'm glad to hear that you're interested in protecting forest ecosystems.Forests are often called the "lungs of the Earth"because they absorb CO2 and produce oxygen.They are also home to countless species and regulate the climate. To make a personal contribution,we can start by reducing our use of paper products,such as choosing digital alternatives or recycling paper.Another effective action is avoiding products that come from deforestation,like certain types of palm oil or beef.We can also plant a tree in our community or support organizations that work on reforestation. I hope these suggestions are helpful and that we can all do our part to protect our natural treasure. Yours, Li Hua