Unit 4 Exploring literature（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修二（译林版）

Unit 4 Exploring literature 教材全解（一） devote oneself to earnest butterfly literature shell in ⊙单元核心词汇 store(for sb);appeal determine significant description sensitive soul reflect capable awaken launch;permanence等 。单元同步语法 情态动词(Modal verbs) 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.devote/d'vat/vt.把…奉献给；把…专用（于） 词形变化：devoted(adj.)忠诚的；全心全意的；devotion (n.)奉献；热爱 搭配：devote oneself to(doing)sth.致力于；献身于；be devoted to致力于；热爱 例句：She decided to devote herself to helping the poor. He was a devoted father and a great teacher. 2.earnest/'3:rst/adj.非常认真的；真诚的；诚挚的 词形变化：earnestly(adv.)认真地；诚挚地；earnestness(n.)认真；诚挚 搭配：in earnest认真地；正经地；an earnest attempt认真的尝试 辨析：earnest强调态度真诚、严肃；serious侧重问题严重或态度庄重。 例句：He made an earnest effort to improve his grades, Are you in earnest about giving up your job? 3.appeal/pil/vi.有吸引力；呼吁：上诉n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉 词形变化：appealing(adj.)吸引人的；有感染力的 搭配：appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力；appeal for sth.呼吁某事；make an appeal 发出呼吁/上诉 例句：The idea of working abroad appeals to many young people. The charity made an appeal for donations. 4.determine/d't3mn/vt.确定；决定；支配vi.决心 词形变化：determined(adj.）坚定的；有决心的；determination(m.）决心；决定 搭配：determine to do sth.决定做某事；be determined to do sth.决心做某事； determine that...确定… 例句：Hard work and perseverance determine your success. She was determined to finish the task on time 5.significant/sIg'fikent/adj.有重要意义的；显著的；重大的 词形变化：significance(n.)重要性；意义；significantly(adv.)显著地；重要地 搭配：be significant for/,to对…重要；play a significant role起重要作用 辨析：significant强调有重要影响或意义；important更通用。 例句：This discovery is significant for medical research There has been a significant improvement in his health. 6.sensitive/'sensetrv/adj.敏感的；感觉敏锐的；体贴的；灵敏的 词形变化：sensitivity(n.)敏感；灵敏度；insensitive(adj.)不敏感的 搭配：be sensitive to对…敏感；sensitive skin敏感肌肤；sensitive topic敏感话 题 例句：Some people are sensitive to pollen. We should be sensitive to others'feelings. 7.eflect'flekt/vt.&vi.反映；显示；反射；沉思 词形变化：reflection(n.)反射；反映；沉思；reflective(adj.)反射的；深思的 搭配：reflect on/,upon思考；反思；be reflected in在…中反映出来 例句：The calm lake reflected the mountains. Take time to reflect on your past experiences. 8.capable/'kerpabl/adj.有能力；有才能；能力强的 词形变化：capability(m.）能力；才能；incapable(adj.)无能力的 搭配：be capable of(doing)sth.有能力做某事；capable person有能力的人 辨析：able后接todo;capable后接of doing。 例句：He is capable of solving this difficult problem. The new system is capable of storing huge amounts of data. 9.awaken/'weikan/vt.&vi.唤醒；唤起；（使)醒来 词形变化：awakening(n.)觉醒；唤醒 搭配：awaken sb.to sth.使某人意识到某事；awaken interest,/memory唤起兴趣/记 忆 例句：The noise awakened me from my sleep. This story awakened his interest in history. 10.launch/1o:ntvt.发动；发射；使（船)下水；开始从事 词形变化：launching(n.）发射；启动 搭配：launch a campaign/project发起运动/项目；launch a product推出产品； launch an attack发动进攻 例句：The company plans to launch a new product next month, They launched an investigation into the accident. ll.permanence/'p3:nenens/,n.永久；持久性 词形变化：permanent(adj.)永久的；持久的；permanently(adv.)永久地 搭配：a sense of permanence永久感；lack of permanence缺乏持久性 例句：Nothing in the world has absolute permanence. They wanted a permanent solution to the problem 12.universal/ju:nr'v3:sl/adj.普遍的；共同的；全世界的 词形变化：universe(m.)宇宙；university(n.)大学；universally(adv.）普遍地 搭配：universal truth普遍真理；universal language通用语言；universal value普 世价值 辨析：universal强调“适用于所有人/所有地方”；common强调“常见的，普遍 的”但不一定全范围。 例句：Music is a universal language.. The desire for happiness is universal. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空或填1个词） 1.After retirement,he (devote)himself to community service. 2.She looked at me with an (earnest)expression,hoping I would believe her. 3.The idea of traveling around the world (appeal)to many young people. 4.It is your attitude that (determine)your success in life. 5.The new drug has brought about a (significance)change in the treatment of the disease. 6.People with (sensitive)skin should avoid using harsh chemicals. 7.The mirror (reflect)the image of the room clearly. 8.Our team is (capable)of finishing the project ahead of schedule. 9.The loud noise (awaken)everyone in the building last night. 10.The government (launch)a campaign to raise public awareness of environmental protection. 11.Nothing can guarantee the (permanent)of happiness 12.Love and kindness are (universal)values that people all over the world share. 13.His speech was so (appeal)that the audience burst into applause. 14.She (determine)to learn a new language this year. 15.The teacher asked us to reflect the meaning of the poem. (二)短文填空（填1个适当单词或所给词的正确形式) We all want to achieve something 1. (significance)in life.However,success doesn't happen overnight.To make your dream come true,you must 2. (devote) yourself to hard work and remain 3. (earnest)about your goals. Sometimes you need to 4. (reflect)on your failures and learn from them.A 5. (determine)person is always 6._ (capable)of overcoming difficulties.Remember,failure does not last forever;it is not 7. (permanence) Moreover,a positive attitude 8. (appeal)to opportunities.If you 9. (awaken)your inner strength and keep moving forward,you will be able to 10. (launch)a successful career.These truths are 11. (universal)and apply to everyone. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.devoted;2.earnest,3.appeals;4.determines;5.significant;6.sensitive; 7.reflected;8.capable;9.awakened;10.launched;11.permanence;12.universal; 13.appealing;14.determined;15.on 1.significant;2.devote;3.earnest;4.reflect,5.determined;6.capable; (二)短文填空 7.permanent;8.appeals;9.awaken;10.launch;11.universal A 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 情态动词 情态动词 项目 内容 情态动词是表示说话者对动作或状态的态度、情感或判断的助动词。它们 定义 本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动 词没有人称和数的变化（除have to外），但有时态变化（如can→could, may→might)。 can (现在)/could (过去) 表示能力 I can swim. 我会游泳。 He could run fast when he was young. 他年轻时能跑得很快。 can could/may /might You can go now. 你现在可以走了。 表示许可 May I come in?我可以进来吗？ Could I borrow your pen?语气更委婉。 must/have to /should/ought to 表示义务或必You must finish homework first..你必须先完成作业。 要 I have to leave now.我不得不现在离开（客观需要）。 You should see a doctor..你应该去看医生。 表示推测 must（一定)表肯定推测（语气最强） He must be at home..他一定在家。 can't/couldn't(不可能)表否定推测 That can't be true.那不可能是真的。 may/might(可能)表可能性，mighti语气更弱 It may rain later..之后可能会下雨。 cold(可能)表可能性，常用在肯定句或疑问句 The news could be false.这个消息可能是假的。 should ought to/had better 表示建议或劝 You should give up smoking.你应该戒烟。 告 You'd better take an umbrella.你最好带把伞。 need（需要)：作情态动词用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形。 You needn'twoy.你不需要担心。 Need I go?我需要去吗？ need与dare (肯定句中常用实义动词：You need to go.) dare(敢)：作情态动词常用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形。 She dare not say that..她不敢那么说。 Dare he ask?他敢问吗？ can/could:能力、许可、推测（常用于否定和疑问） must/have to:义务、必要(must无过去式，have to有) 本单元高频情 态动词 may/might:许可、推测(might更委婉) should/ought to:建议、义务 need/dare:情态动词用法（限于否定/疑问） 情态动词+动词原形 否定式：情态动词+not+动词原形(mustn't表示“禁止”，needn't表示 常见句型与提 “不必”) 示 疑问式：情态动词+主语+动词原形？ 表推测时，后接be doing.或have done:He must be sleeping./She might have left. 考点通关 情态动词 语法专练一：选择题(8题) -Mum I go out to play basketball?-No,you must finish your homework first. A.must B.may C.need D.should You park here.Look at the sign "No Parking". A.needn't B.mustn't C.couldn't D.may not -Whose textbook is this?It looks new.-It be Tom's.He always writes his name on it,but I see no name. A.must B.can't C.might D.should We finish the project by Friday,or we'll be punished. A.can B.may C.have to D.could When I was a child,I climb that tree easily. A.can B.could C.might D.should -I wonder why he is so late.-He have got stuck in traffic. A.must B.can't C.should D.could You worry about me.I'm old enough to take care of myself. A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't It's dangerous.You swim alone in the deep river. A.dare not B.need not C.may not D.would not 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear David, You 1. be surprised to receive this letter from me.I'm writing to give you some advice about your study abroad. First,you 2. take a Chinese dictionary with you,because you 3. need it when you don't understand the local language.Second,you 4. remember to bring enough medicine,for you 5. not easily find the same kind abroad. Third,you 6. worry about making mistakes when speaking English-everyone makes mistakes,and you 7. just learn from them.Last but not least,you 8. not break the local laws,or you will get into trouble. Now I think you 9. start preparing your luggage.If you have any questions,you 10. ask me anytime. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 语法专练一：选择题 1.B;2.B;3.C;4.C;5.B;6.D;7.B;8.A 1.must;2.should;3.may;4.must;5.can;6.needn't; 语法专练二：语法填空 7.can;8.dare;9.should;10.may 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 The Wonder of Literature 1.What makes literature so powerful is its ability to evoke emotions,to challenge our assumptions and to inspire us to think more deeply about the world around us. 结构：What+谓语+主句系动词+表语 中文：使文学如此强大的是它唤起情感、挑战我们的假设并激励我们更深入思考周围 世界的能力。 用法：wat引导主语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，意为“所…的事物”；主语从 句作主语时，主句谓语动词通常用单数：从句必须使用陈述语序。 2.It is through literature that we can travel to different places,meet different people and experience different lives,without ever leaving our own homes. 结构：Itis+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分 中文：正是通过文学，我们才能去不同的地方，遇见不同的人，体验不同的生活，而 无需离开自己的家。 用法：强调句型可强调主语、宾语、状语，但不能强调谓语；被强调部分如果是人， 也可用who/whom;去掉Itis.that后剩余部分仍是一个完整句子。 3.Although the characters and settings may be fictional,the emotions and themes they explore are universal. 结构：Although+从句，主句；no matter+疑问词+主语+谓语 中文：尽管角色和背景可能是虚构的，但它们探索的情感和主题是普遍的。 用法：although引导的让步从句不能与but连用；no matter+疑问词可替换为疑问词 +ever;从句常用一般现在时表将来。 4.allowing us to see the world through the eyes of others. 结构：主句，+动词-ing短语（表示顺理成章的结果） 中文：让我们能够通过他人的眼睛看世界。 用法：现在分词短语作结果状语，通常放在句末，用逗号隔开；表示主句动作带来的 自然结果，多译为“从而”“因此”。 5.the time and culture in which it was written. 结构：先行词+介词+which/whom+从句 中文：它被写作的时代和文化。 用法：当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，介词可前置到关系代词前；介词选择 取决于搭配；which指物，whom指人。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. (what)makes literature wonderful is its power to inspire. 2.It is by reading stories (that)we learn about life 3. (although)the characters are fictional,the emotions are real. 4.The novel ends with a surprise, (leave)readers thinking. 5.This is the culture (which)the story was set. 6.No matter (how)hard you try,literature always offers something new. 7. (what)we need most is a good book. 8.It was through poetry (that)she expressed her feelings. 9.He kept reading, (gain)deeper understanding. 10.The era in (which)the play was written was full of change. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.正是文学让我们能够通过他人的眼睛看世界。 2.无论世界变化多大，文学永远与读者产生共鸣。 3.这本书讲述了一个感人的故事，从而触动了无数读者的心。 4.作者所经历的文化背景在这部小说中得到了反映。 5.虽然角色是虚构的，但他们所探索的主题是普遍的。 6. 我们需要的是对文学更深的理解。 7.正是通过阅读，我们才能培养共情能力。 8.那位作家在他的小书房里完成了这部杰作，令世人惊叹。 9.无论你读什么，文学总能给你新的视角。 10.我们所珍视的是文学作为人类遗产的一部分。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.What;2.that;3.Although;4.leaving;5.in;6.how; 7.What;8.that;9.gaining;10.which 1.It is literature that allows us to see the world through the eyes of others.;2.No matter how much the world changes,literature always resonates with readers.;3.The book tells a moving story, touching the hearts of countless readers.4.The cultural background in which the author lived is reflected in this novel. 5.Although the characters are fictional,the themes they explore 练习二：翻译句子 are universal.;6.What we need is a deeper understanding of literature.7.It is through reading that we can develop our empathy.;8.The writer finished his masterpiece in his small study,amazing the world.;9.No matter what you read,literature always offers you a new perspective.;10.What we value is literature as a part of human heritage. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 Literature,in its most profound sense,is not merely a collection of stories or poems;it is the living memory of our civilization.It holds up a mirror to society,capturing its triumphs,its follies,and its deepest anxieties.To engage with literature is to enter into a dialogue with the past,a conversation that shapes our understanding of the present and our vision for the future. The power of literature lies in its unique ability to foster empathy.When we read a novel,we inhabit the consciousness of another person-perhaps a young girl in 19th-century rural England,like Elizabeth Bennet,or a disillusioned soldier in the trenches of World War I.We experience their joys,sorrows,and moral dilemmas as if they were our own.This imaginative leap transcends time and culture,breaking down the barniers of prejudice and indifference. Furthermore,literature is a powerful tool for critical thinking.It does not offer simple answers but rather complicates our view of the world.A great work of literature often presents moral ambiguity,forcing us to question our own assumptions.For instance,is the protagonist of F.Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby,Jay Gatsby,a naive dreamer or a reckless criminal? ()1.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A.To define literature as the primary source of historical records. B.To argue that literature's main function is social criticism C.To explain literature's role as a reflective and communicative medium across time. D.To suggest that literature is only meaningful when it deals with future visions. ()2.The author mentions Elizabeth Bennet and a soldier from World War I primarily to illustrate that A.characters from different eras share similar moral dilemmas B.literature allows readers to experience diverse perspectives and emotions C.historical fiction is more effective than other genres in building empathy D.all great literary characters are products of their specific time period ()3.The word"hones"in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to A.sharpens B.weakens C.ignores D.simplifies ()4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the literary canon? A.It is a fixed collection of the most important works. B.It is primarily determined by mainstream critics. C.It is subject to change as new works and perspectives emerge. D.It is losing its relevance in the age of digital media. ()5.Which of the following best summarizes the author's attitude towards literature? A.It is an outdated but enjoyable form of entertainment. B.It is a multifaceted tool that is essential for personal and societal development. C.It is primarily useful for academic study and intellectual debate. D.It is a luxury that few can afford in the modern age. Passage 2 The relationship between a reader and a text is often described as a journey,but it is perhaps more accurately understood as a dynamic act of co-creation. ()1.According to the passage,the"gaps"in a text are significant because they A.are weaknesses that make the story less coherent B.are designed to confuse the reader and test their intelligence C.require the reader to actively participate in constructing meaning D.serve as clear instructions on how the author intends the story to be read ()2.The concept of"interpretive communities"suggests that a person's reading of a text is influenced by A.their personal intelligence level B.the specific literary theory they have studied C.the shared conventions of the social groups they belong to D.the immediate physical environment in which they are reading ()3.What is the main implication of reader-response theory for education,as described in the text? A.Teachers should provide students with a single,authoritative interpretation. B.Literature classes should focus more on the historical context of the author. C.The classroom should encourage diverse student perspectives and debate. D.Students should be tested on their ability to identify the author's intention. ()4.What is a primary criticism of reader-response theory mentioned in the passage? A.It makes reading a passive and boring activity. B.It could potentially make all interpretations seem equally valid. C.It is too difficult for students to understand and apply. D.It focuses too much on the author's biography. 二、完形填空 If you're an avid reader,you know that the best books don't just tell a story;they transform you.They change the way you see the world,and sometimes,even the way you see yourself.This transformative power is what makes literature an art form rather than mere 1. One of the first bariers to deep reading is a physical 2. Our world is saturated with digital devices 3. for our attention. Once you start,another challenge arises:the pace.Modern life has trained our brains to consume information quickly,scanning headlines and summaries. To overcome these challenges,it is helpful to 4. reading as a practice,not just a pastime. The rewards of this effort are 5. Deep reading offers us a unique form of intimacy-a quiet communion with the mind and heart of another human being. 1.A.entertainment B.education C.information D.communication 2.A.exercise B.environment C.illness D.condition 3.A.asking B.searching C.competing D.paying 4.A.effort B.crime C.advantage D.change 5.A.limited B.invisible C.measurable D.immense 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. 1.According to the passage,what is the main difference between a historical novel and a history textbook? 2.Why does the author mention Tolstoy's War and Peace? 3.What effect does literature have on collective memory,as described in the passage? 4.What quality does the author suggest a"sophisticated reader"should possess? 5.Based on the passage,what is the dual function of literature in relation to history? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Literature has the power to 1. (awaken)our senses and bring the world to life.Through the 2. (reflect)of an author's unique perspective,we see not just what is,but what could be.A good book makes us more 3. (sense)to the subtleties of human emotion and the beauty ofeveryday language. We live in an age where quick,simple answers are often 4. (appeal)to,but literature rarely provides them.It asks us to be patient readers,to sit with 5. (ambiguous),and to accept that not everything is easily understood. The rewards for this persistence are 6. (universal). 1. 2. 3. 4 5. 6: 五、写作 假设你是高一新生李华，你所在的国际学校正在举办以“My First Impression of High School'”为 题的征文活动。请你写一篇英文短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你对新学校的第一印象（环境、同学、老师等）： 2.开学以来你遇到的挑战或感悟； 3.你对未来高中生活的期待。 要求： 1.词数120-150词： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor, My First Impression of High School As a freshman,my first impression of our school was a mix of awe and anxiety. I am truly looking forward to the next three years. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 Passage 1:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C5.B 、 阅读理解 Passage 2:1.C 2.C3.C 4.B 二、完形填空1.A;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.D 1.A historical novel is a creative reconstruction that selects and interprets events for a compelling story (involving imagination and bias),while a history textbook aims to provide a factual account of the past. 2.The author mentions it to illustrate how a historical novel uses history as a stage to explore philosophical ideas,offering a subjective interpretation of historical figures that differs from academic consensus. 3.Literature powerfully shapes collective cultural memory by dramatizing the human 三、阅读短文 回答问题 experience ofhistorical events,often influencing popular imagination more than formal historical accounts. 4.A sophisticated reader should possess the skill of appreciating a literary work for its artistic merits while simultaneously recognizing its historical context and interpretive bias. 5.Literature serves a dual function:it provides a repository of cultural memory by dramatizing human experience,and it offers an artistic exploration of character,theme, and the human condition. 四、短文填空1.awaken2.reflection3.sensitive4.appealing5.ambiguity6.niversal 五、写作 范文： Dear Editor, My First Impression of High School As a freshman,my first impression of our school was a mix ofawe and anxiety.The campus was much larger than my middle school,with modem buildings and a huge sports field.I felt a bit lost at first,but the senior students were incredibly helpful,guiding me to my classroom. The biggest challenge I've faced is managing the increased workload.The classes are more demanding, and the teachers expect us to be independent learners. I am truly looking forward to the next three years.I believe high school will be a joumey of self- discovery,where I can explore my interests and grow into a more confident person. Yours, LiHua