Unit 5 Into the wild（二）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修一（外研版）

Unit 5 Into the wild 教材全解（二） chemical,caterpillar,creature,survive,effect,flow chart, accommodation,idiom,kill two birds with one stone,when ⊙单元核心词汇 the cat's away(the mice will play),hold your horses,rain cats and dogs,authority,source,found,photographer,button, recover,,shock等 。单元同步语法 非限定性定语从句特殊用法 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.survive/so'varv/v.活下来，幸存；比…活得长 词形变化：survival(.)幸存；suvivor(.）幸存者；surviving(adj.）依然健在的 搭配：survive the accident在事故中幸存；survive the winter熬过冬天；survival skills生存技能；survive sth.从…中幸存；survive on sth.靠…生存 辨析：survive强调“幸存”；outlive则强调“比…活得久” Only a few people survived the earthquake. 2.effect/I'fekt/n.影响，结果；效果 词形变化：effective(adj.）有效的；effectively(adv.）有效地；effectiveness(m.) 有效性 搭配：have an effect on对…有影响；put into effect实施；side effect副作用 辨析：affect(v.)影响；effect(.）结果；influence(.w.)指潜移默化的影响 The new law will come into effect next month. 3.authority/o:'0 preti,/n.当权，权力；权威；当局 词形变化：authorize(v.)授权；authoritative(adj.)权威的；authorization(n.）)批 准 搭配：have authority over对…有管辖权；in authority当权；local authorities地 方当局 辨析：authority侧重权力/权威；power更指能力/力量；ight指权利 The school authority decided to cancel the sports meeting. 4.source/ss/n.来源，出处；根源 词形变化：无常规变形，但可构成source code(源代码)、source material（原始材 料) 搭配：a source of information信息来源；from reliable sources据可靠来源；at source在源头 辨析：resource(资源)≠source(来源)；origin(起源)更侧重时间/地点起点 The river is the source of the city's water supply. 5.found/fand/v.创立，创建；建立 词形变化：founder(n.)创始人；founding(adi.)创始的；foundation(.)基础： 基金会 搭配：found a company创办公司；be founded on/.upon建立在…基础上 辨析：found是动词原形，注意与find(找到)的过去式found同形不同义； establish更正式；set up偏口语 The university was founded in 1898. 6.recover红'kAva(r)/v.(从糟糕经历中)恢复；康复；找回 词形变化：recovery(.)恢复；recovered(adj.)恢复了的 搭配：recover from illness从疾病中康复；recover one's strength恢复体力； recover lost time弥补失去的时间 辨析：recover指病后/事后恢复；restore指修复/归还；heal指伤口愈合 It took her a long time to recover from the shock. 7.shock/ok/n.吃惊，震惊；休克；冲击v.使震惊 词形变化：shocked(adj.）震惊的；shocking(adj.)令人震惊的；shockingly (adv.)令人震惊地 搭配：be in shock处于震惊状态；come as a shock令人震惊；electric shock触电 辨析：shock强调突然的强烈震惊；surprise强调意外；astonish语气更强 The news of his death came as a great shock. 8.chemical/kemikl/n.化学品adj.化学的 词形变化：chemistry(n.)化学；chemist(n.)化学家；药剂师 搭配：chemical reaction化学反应；chemical waste化学废料；chemical industry化 学工业 辨析：chemical作名词时常用复数chemicals;chemistry是学科名称 The factory released harmful chemicals into the river. 9.creature/ki:ta(r)/n.生物，动物；人（常带感情色彩） 词形变化：无常规变形；可联想create(创造) →creature (被创造之物〉 搭配：living creature生物；a strange creature奇怪的生物；creature of habit习惯 性动物 辨析：creature泛指任何活物；animal通常指动物（不包括植物）；being多指存 在物（如human being) Some creatures can survive in extreme environments l0.accommodation/a,kDma'de虹n/n.住处，工作场所；住宿；膳宿 词形变化：accommodate(w.）容纳；提供住宿；accommodating(adj.）乐于助人的 搭配：provide accommodation提供住宿；office accommodation办公场所； accommodation expenses住宿费用 辨析：accommodation在英国英语中常用作不可数名词（如accommodation);而 在美国英语中常用复数accommodations;注意与lodging(临时住所)的区别 The hotel offers high-quality accommodation for tourists. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） After the earthquake,only a few people managed to (survive). The medicine has a strong (effect)on cough. Students should obey the rules set by the school (authority). The news reporter got information from a reliable (source). The company was (found)in 2005 by a young engineer. It took him two months to fully (recover)from the operation. Everyone was_ (shock)when they heard the tragic news. The (chemical)experiment must be done under the teacher s guidance. Many (creature)in the forest are active at night. The university provides (accommodation)for all international students. The new policy will be put into (effect)next March. He is a (survive)of the car crash. The (found)of the charity gave a speech at the ceremony. (shock),the little boy remained calm in the dangerous situation. It took the climbers days to (accommodate)to the high altitude. (二)短文填空 It was a terrible night.A sudden earthquake struck the city,and many buildings fell down. People were in great 1. Rescue workers tried their best to help those who 2. the disaster.The local 3. quickly set up temporary 4. for the homeless.Doctors worked day and night to help the injured 5. from their wounds.A team of 6. tested the water supply to make sure it was safe.They looked for any harmful 7. that might affect people's health.Scientists also studied how different 8. in the area behaved before the earthquake.They hoped to find a reliable 9. of early warning signals in the future.The whole experience taught us that we should never take safety for granted.A new organization will be 10. to improve earthquake preparedness in the region. 参考答案 1.survive;2.effect 3.authority;4.source;5.founded;6.recover;7.shocked; (一)单句填空 8.chemical;9.creatures;10.accommodation;11.effect;12.survivor;13.founder; 14.Shockingly;15.accommodate 1.shock;2.survived;3.authorities;4.accommodation;5.recover;6.chemists; (二)短文填空 7.chemicals;8.creatures;9.source;10.founded A 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 非限定性定语从句特殊用法 非限定性定语从句特殊用法 项目 内容 非限定性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后主句意思仍然完整。 定义 它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，关系代词不能省略。 先行词，+关系代词/关系副词+从句（完整句子） 基本结构 常见关系代词：who,whom,which,whose,as 常见关系副词：where,when which可以指代前面整个主句的内容，而不是某个名词。此时which译为 which指代整 “这/这件事”。 个主句 例：He failed the exam,which made his parents very angry.他考试没及 格，这件事让他父母非常生气。 s可以引导非限定性定语从句，位置灵活（句首、句中、句末），常译为 “正如.”。常见搭配：as we know,as is known to all,as is often the case,as we expected等。 例：As we all know,the earth goes around the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太 as引导的非限 阳转。 定性定语从句 例：She is a warm-hearted girl,as her classmates often say.正如她同学常 说的，她是个热心的女孩。 注意：当as引导的从句置于句首时，不能用which替换。which引导的 从句只能放在主句之后。 当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可以提前到关系代词之前。注 意介词的选择取决于从句中的动词或先行词的习惯搭配。 介词 例：This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.(in which=where)这就是 +which/whom 鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 例：The man to whom you spoke just now is my teacher.你刚才与之交谈 的那个人是我的老师。 表示“部分与整体”的关系，常用在非限定性定语从句中。 “名词/代词 There are 50 students in the class,most of whom are from the +of+which/wh countryside..这个班有50名学生，其中大多数来自农村。 om”结构 He has three books,two of which are about English grammar. 他有3本 书，其中2本是关于英语语法的。 考点通关 非限定性定语从句特殊用法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.He missed the first train,which made him regret all day. A.that B.which C.what D.as 2.As is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A.Which B.That C.As D.What 3.The museum is the place which we visited last year,which I think is the most beautiful one in the city. A.which:which B.that;that C.where;which D.where;that 4.He has read many novels,three of which are written by Mo Yan A.of which B.of them C.among which D.from which 5.I have two brothers,both of whom are teachers in this school. A.of them B.of whom C.of which D.of that 6.The teacher gave us some advice,which we should take notes carefully. A.what B.that C.which D./ 7.As we know,the Internet is playing an important role in our daily life. A.Which B.As C.That D.What 8.The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.of which 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Many students like reading books, is a good habit. 2.I have read many novels,one of is The Old Man and the Sea. 3.It is a story about a fisherman, never gives up even in the face of failure. 4.The old man has a strong will,is respected by everyone 5.I also like reading stories about people have achieved success through hard work. 6.The lesson I learned from them is that nothing is impossible 7.Last week,I visited a library there are thousands of books. 8.The librarian, name is Mr.Li,showed me around. 9.He gave me a book, cover is made of leather. 10.It is very old, makes it even more valuable. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.C,3.A;4.A;5.B;6.C,7.B;8.B 1.which;2.which;3.who;4.who;5.who;6.that; 语法专练二：语法填空 7.where;8.whose;9.whose;10.which 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Wild Animals Some wild animals prefer to live in thick forests,while others choose to live in dry deserts or high mountains. 结构：句子A+while+句子B 中文：有些野生动物喜欢住在茂密的森林里，而另一些则选择住在干旱的沙漠或高山 上。 用法：while是连词，表示对比，意为“而，然而”。 注意：while也可以引导时间状语从句，此处为对比用法，需区分。 2.Most large animals in the wild feed mainly on grass,leaves or other plants to stay alive and healthy. 结构：主语+feed on+食物 中文：大多数大型野生动物主要以草、树叶或其他植物为食以保持健康和存活。 用法：feed on意为“以…为食”，主语通常是动物。 注意：feed作及物动词时也可用feed sth.tosb.或feed sb.on sth. 3. If we human beings continue to pollute the environment and destroy their natural homes, more species will die out sooner or later. 结构：If+一般现在时，主句用一般将来时(w1+动词原形) 中文：如果我们人类继续污染环境并破坏它们的自然家园，更多物种迟早会灭绝。 用法：条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时（主将从现）。 注意：也可引导宾语从句（是否），需区分。 4.It is our duty to protect endangered animals and provide them with safe and clean living conditions. 结构：tis+名词+to do sth. 中文：保护濒危动物并为它们提供安全清洁的生活条件是我们的责任。 用法：t作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。 注意：常见名词有duty,task,responsibility等。 5.What worries many scientists most is the rapid drop in the number of certain rare wild animals. 结构：What+主语+谓语+is/are+表语 中文：最令许多科学家担忧的是某些稀有野生动物数量的快速下降。 用法：what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，意为“…的事情”。 注意：主语从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 6.Never should we hunt wild animals for money,fun or their fur,bones or other parts of their bodies. 结构：否定副词(Never/Seldom/Hardly/Rarely)+助动词/情态动词+主语+动 词原形 中文：我们绝不应该为了金钱、乐趣或它们的皮毛、骨头或身体其他部位而猎杀野生 动物。 用法：否定词位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。 注意：常见的否定词还有seldom,rarely,hardly,not only..but also..等；若原句无助 动词，需借助do/does/did。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.Some animals like to live in groups, (while)others prefer to live alone. 2.Tigers feed (main)on meat. 3.If the forest (disappear),many animals will lose their homes. 4.It is our (responsible)to protect wildlife. 5.What (worry)us most is the pollution of rivers. 6.Never (we)give up protecting endangered species. 7.Many birds feed insects during summer. 8.If humans continue (hunt)animals,more species will die out. 9.It is (danger)for animals to live near cities. 10.What the scientist (say)is very important for conservation. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.有些野生动物喜欢住在茂密的森林里，而另一些则选择住在干旱的沙漠或高山上。 2.大多数大型野生动物主要以草、树叶或其他植物为食以保持健康和存活。 3.如果我们人类继续污染环境并破坏它们的自然家园，更多物种迟早会灭绝。 4.保护濒危动物并为它们提供安全清洁的生活条件是我们的责任。 5,最令许多科学家担忧的是某些稀有野生动物数量的快速下降。 6.我们绝不应该为了金钱、乐趣或它们的皮毛、骨头或身体其他部位而猎杀野生动物。 7.如果我们停止砍伐森林，许多动物就能生存下来。 8.保护环境是我们每个人的职责。 9.令我吃惊的是这些动物的数量如此之少。 10.我很少在野外看到这样的鸟。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.while;2.mainly;3.disappears;4.responsibility;5.worries; 6.should we;7.on;8.hunting;9.dangerous;10.says 1.Some wild animals prefer to live in thick forests,while others choose to live in dry deserts or high mountains.2.Most large animals in the wild feed mainly on grass,leaves or other plants to stay alive and healthy.;3.If we human beings continue to pollute the environment and destroy their natural homes,more species will die out sooner or later.4.It is our duty to protect endangered animals and provide them with safe and clean living 练习二：翻译句子 conditions.;5.What worries many scientists most is the rapid drop in the number of certain rare wild animals.6.Never should we hunt wild animals for money,fun or their fur,bones or other parts of their bodies.;7.If we stop cutting down forests,many animals will survive.8.It is everyone's duty to protect the environment.9.What surprises me is the small number of these animals.10.Seldom do I see such a bird in the wild. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A The monarch butterfly's annual migration is one of nature's most spectacular events.Every fall,millions of these delicate orange and black insects travel up to 3,000 miles from the United States and Canada to central Mexico,where they spend the winter in the oyamel fir forests.This journey is particularly astonishing because no single butterfly completes the entire round tip.Instead,it is the great-great- grandchildren that return to the same forests the following year,guided by an internal compass that scientists are only beginning to understand. For decades,researchers suspected that monarchs used the sun to find their way.However,a groundbreaking study published in 2014 revealed a more complex mechanism.The butterflies have a special light-sensitive protein in their brains,called a cryptochrome,which acts like a molecular compass. This protein is sensitive to the angle of the sun's ultraviolet (UV)light,even on cloudy days,allowing the butterfly to determine its direction.This discovery solved a long-standing mystery:how do these creatures navigate with such precision? The monarch's amazing journey is now under serious threat.Climate change,deforestation in Mexico, and the loss of milkweed-the only plant on which monarch caterpillars feedin the United States have caused a dramatic decline in their population.Over the past two decades,the number of monarchs has dropped by more than 80%.Conservationists are working tirelessly to protect this species,urging people to plant milkweed and reduce pesticide use.The future of this incredible migration hangs in the balance,a powerful symbol of the challenges facing wildlife in a rapidly changing world. ()1.What makes the monarch butterfly's migration so remarkable? A.The entire journey is completed by one generation. B.The butterflies travel for three months without rest. C.It is a multi-generational joumey to the same destination. D.The butterflies fly at night to avoid predators. ()2.According to the 2014 study,how do monarch butterflies navigate? A.By memorizing the landscape. B.By following older butterflies. C.By using a light-sensitive protein to detect UV light. D.By sensing the Earth's magnetic field. ()3.The word "precise"in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: A.random B.accurate C.difficult D.dangerous ()4.Which of the following is a primary reason for the decline in the monarch population? A.The decrease in their natural predator population. B.The increase in the number of oyamel fir trees. C.The loss of their primary food source during the caterpillar stage. D.The success of conservation efforts by governments. ()5.What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage? A.To explain the scientific process ofnavigation. B.To describe the monarch's migration and its curent threats. C.To argue for more funding for scientific research. D.To compare monarch migration with other species. Passage B In the remote,wind-swept plains of Mongolia,a unique and endangered species fights for survival:the Pizewalski's horse.Unlike domestic horses,these stocky,dun-colored equines have never been successfully tamed and are considered the last truly wild horse.Their story is one ofnear-extinction and a remarkable comeback. By the late 1960s,the Przewalski's horse had practically disappeared from its native habitat due to hunting,harsh winters,and competition with livestock for water and grazing land.The last confurmed sighting of a wild individual was in 1969.The only hope for the species lay in captive breeding programs in zoos around the world.This was a challenging endeavor.The gene pool was perilously small- founded by only a dozen or so individuals.Geneticists and zookeepers worked to carefully manage breeding to maintain as much genetic diversity as possible. Thanks to these intensive efforts,the population slowly recovered.A major milestone was reached in the 1990s when reintroduction programs began.The first horses were transported from European zoos to specially prepared reserves in Mongolia.The initial stages were difficult,some horses struggled to adapt to the wild,finding food and water and dealing with extreme temperatures and predators like wolves. However,over successive generations,the horses have leamned to thrive again.Today,there are several hundred Pizewalski's horses roaming freely in the wild,a testament to the power of international conservation collaboration. The successful reintroduction of the Przewalski's horse offers a glimmer of hope for other endangered species.It proves that with dedication,scientific planning,and global cooperation,it is possible to reverse the tide of extinction.However,the challenges remain.The horses still face threats from habitat degradation and potential disease.Their continued survival depends on ongoing monitoring and protection,reminding us that conservation is not a one-time effort but a long-term commitment. ()1.What distinguishes the Przewalski's horse from other horses? A.It is a new breed created through genetic science. B.It is smaller and weaker than domestic horses C.It is the only genuine wild horse species never domesticated. D.It was discovered later than other wild horse species. ()2.The main reason for the Przewalski's horse's near-extinction in the 1960s was: A.A deadly disease that only affected them B.A combination ofhuman and environmental factors C.Their inability to reproduce in captivity D.A natural disaster that destroyed their habitat ()3.What was a key challenge for the captive breeding program? A.Finding suitable zoos to house the horses. B.The high cost of feeding the animals. C.Managing a very limited genetic pool. D.The horses refused to mate in zoos. ()4.What does the reintroduction of the Przewalski's horse primarily demonstrate? A.The importance of protecting the Mongolian plains. B.The species has fully recovered and is no longer in danger. C.International cooperation can lead to conservation success. D.Zoos are the only safe place for endangered species. ()5.What is the author's attitude toward the future of the Przewalski's horse? A.Cautiously optimistic but aware of ongoing risks. B.Extremely pessimistic about its survival. C.Completely satisfied with current conservation efforts. D.Indifferent,as it is not an important species. 二、完形填空 For years,I lived in a city,surrounded by concrete and noise.I felt a deep,constant longing for the wild. So,I made the (1) to leave everything behind and move to a small cabin deep in the woods. The first weeks were incredibly difficult.The silence was(2) I missed the convenience of supermarkets and the company of friends.One aftemoon,a heavy snowstorm hit.The wind howled like a wild animal,and my cabin shook.I felt completely alone and helpless,questioning my (3) .Just when my fear was at its peak,I saw a deer,a large buck,step silently out of the forest.It stood(4) only a few meters from my window,its breath forming clouds in the cold air.It didn't seem afraid.It looked at me,or rather,(5) me,as if I were just another part of the landscape.In that moment,the cabin felt less like a prison and more like a sanctuary. I began to change.I leamned to (6) the subtle signals of nature:the way the wind changed before a storm,the calls of different birds.I felt a connection I had never known.It wasn't about(7) nature anymore,it was about being a part of it. The wild didn't just teach me survival skills,it taught me(8) I leamned that strength isn't about being loud and forceful,but about (9) like the trees that bend in a storm but don't break.My life has become simpler,but it is (10) with meaning 1.A.promise B.decision C.comment D.suggestion 2.A.comfortable B.fiightening C.welcoming D.enjoyable 3.A.wisdom B.ability C.identity D.sanity 4.A.still B.quietly C.quickly D.nervously 5.A.through B.at C.for D.over 6.A.ignore B.control C.read D.change 7.A.saving B.studying C.observing D.fighting 8.A.patience B.courage C.generosity D.honesty 9.A.flexibility B.confidence C.force D.anger 10.A.busy B.rich C.crowded D.filled 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the passage carefully and answer the questions in complete sentences. The retum of the gray wolf to Yellowstone National Park in the United States is a classic example of how a single species can transform an entire ecosystem.Wolves were hunted to extinction in the park by the 1920s,leading to a cascade of negative effects.Without their main predator,the elk population exploded The overabundant elk overgrazed on young willow and aspen trees along riverbanks.This destruction of vegetation,in tum,haimed beavers,who depend on these trees for food and building dams.The landscape became degraded. In 1995,after years of debate,wildlife managers reintroduced 14 wolves from Canada to Yellowstone The impact was dramatic and largely beneficial.The wolves preyed on the elk,reducing their numbers and,more importantly,changing their behavior.The elk began to avoid valleys and riverbanks where they were easier to catch,allowing the vegetation to recover.Willow and aspen trees began to grow again. With the retum of the trees,beaver populations rebounded.The dams they built created ponds and wetlands,which provided habitats for fish,birds,and amphibians.The wolves did not just control a single species,they helped to restore the natural balance of the whole park.This phenomenon,where the effect of a predator on its prey indirectly affects other species and the physical environment,is known as a "trophic cascade."The Yellowstone wolfreintroduction stands as a powerful lesson in ecology. 1.What was the direct consequence of the elk population exploding in Yellowstone? 2.What two main effects did the wolves have on the elk? 3.Besides reducing the elk population,what changed in the elk's behavior after wolves were reintroduced? 4.How did the recovery of vegetation indirectly help beavers? 5.What term is used to describe the phenomenon where predators indirectly affect multiple levels of an ecosystem? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The animal world is full of incredible(1) Consider the camel,a creature perfectly designed for life in the desert.Its long legs keep its body far from the hot sand,and its large,flat feet stop it from(2) into the dunes.But the camel's most famous feature is its hump,(3) is often thought to store water.In reality,the hump is a large deposit of fat.This fat is a source of energy,(4) can be broken down for water when food and drink are scarce.This adaptation allows camels to survive for weeks(5) water. (6) remarkable animal is the Arctic fox.It lives in some of the (7) (cold)places on Earth.Its thick,multi-layered fur provides excellent insulation.Its short ears and muzzle reduce heat loss, and its furry paws act like snowshoes.The most(8) (strike)adaptation is its fur color.It is pure white in winter,(9) (provide)perfect camouflage against the snow.In summer,its fur changes to a brown or grayish color,(10) (match)the rocks and soil.This change in color is a crucial survival strategy,helping it to both hunt for prey and avoid being hunted. 2. 3. 4. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom对中国的野生动物保护很感兴趣。请你写一封邮件，向他介 绍大熊猫的保护情况。内容包括： 1.大熊猫的基本情况（数量、栖息地等） 2.它们过去面临的威胁（栖息地丧失、低繁殖率等） 3.中国政府采取的保护措施（建立保护区、人工繁殖等） 4.这些措施取得的成效（数量增加、野外种群恢复等） 要求： 1.词数100-120左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I'm so glad to hear that you're interested in wildlife conservation,especially giant pandas.They are a national treasure of China. The population of wild giant pandas is now around 1,800,mainly living in the bamboo forests of Sichuan,Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.They once faced serious threats.Their natural habitat was being destroyed by human activities,and their low birth rate made it hard for the population to recover. To save them,the Chinese government has taken effective measures.Over 60 nature reserves have been set up to protect their habitat.Scientists have also worked hard on captive breeding programs,which have been very successful. These efforts have paid off.The panda population is now growing steadily,and it has been removed from the "endangered"list.It's a great example of successful wildlife protection. Yours, Li Hua PassageA:1.C 2.C3.B4.C5.B 阅读理解 Passage B:6.C 7.B8.C9.C 10.A 二、 完形填空1.B,2.B,3.A,4.A,5.A;6.C,7.C,8.B,9.A,10.B 1.The direct consequence was that the elk overgrazed on young willow and aspen trees along riverbanks (destroying the vegetation). 2.They reduced the elk's numbers and changed their behavior. 三、阅读短文 3.The elk began to avoid valleys and riverbanks where they were easier to catch. 回答问题 4.The recovery of vegetation allowed willow and aspen trees (their food and building material)to grow again,which helped beavers. 5.The term is a "trophic cascade." 1.adaptations 2.sinking 3.which 4.which 5.without 6.Another 7.coldest 8.striking 四、短文填空 9.providing 10.matching 五、写作 范文： Dear Tom, I'm so glad to hear that you're interested in wildlife conservation,especially giant pandas.They are a national treasure of China. The population of wild giant pandas is now around 1,800,mainly living in the bamboo forests of Sichuan,Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.They once faced serious threats.Their natural habitat was being destroyed by human activities,and their low birth rate made it hard for the population to recover. To save them,the Chinese govemment has taken effective measures.Over 60 nature reserves have been set up to protect their habitat.Scientists have also worked hard on captive breeding programs,which have been very successful. These efforts have paid off.The panda population is now growing steadily,and it has been removed from the "endangered"list.It's a great example of successful wildlife protection. Yours, Li Hua