Unit 5 Animals Around Us（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（冀教版）

Unit 5 Animals Around Us 教材全解（一） extinction whale power female differ specific ⊙单元核心词汇 matriarch location previous fascinating tusk ivory decoration dinosaur dolphin click bounce Atlantic habitat destroy nowhere ⊙单元同步语法 省略句 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.extinction /Ik'stkn/n.(植物、动物、生活方式等的)灭绝，绝种 词形变化：extinct(adj.)灭绝的；熄灭的 搭配：be in danger of extinction面临灭绝危险；on the verge of extinction濒临灭绝 例句：Many species are threatened with extinction due to habitat loss. 2.power/paUa(r)/n.力量；能力；权力；电力 词形变化：powerful(adj.）强大的；有力的；powerless(adj.)无力的；无权的 搭配：come to power掌权；solar power太阳能；beyond one's power超出某人的 能力 例句：The whale uses its tail to generate powerful strokes in the water. 3.differ/'dfa(r)/v.相异；有区别 词形变化：difference(n.)差异；different(adj.)不同的 搭配：differ from与…不同；differ in在…方面不同 例句：The two species differ greatly in their social structures. 4.specific/spa'sIfik/adj.特定的；具体的 词形变化：specifically(adv.)具体地；明确地；specify(v.)具体说明 搭配：specific purpose特定目的；be specific about对…具体明确 例句：Each pod of whales has its own specific calls. 5,previous/'pi:vias/adj.先前的；以往的 词形变化：previously(adv.)先前地；以前 搭配：previous experience先前经验；previous to在…之前 例句：The research builds on previous studies of elephant behavior. 6.fascinating/'faesmnert/adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的 词形变化：fascinate(v.)使着迷；fascination(n.)着迷；魅力 搭配：find sth fascinating觉得某事迷人；a fascinating story迷人的故事 例句：The way dolphins communicate is absolutely fascinating. 7.decoration/,deka'rern/n.装饰品；装饰 词形变化：decorate(v.)装饰；decorative(adj.)装饰性的 搭配：interior decoration室内装饰；Christmas decoration圣诞装饰 例句：Many ancient artifacts were used as decorations in royal palaces, 8.click1k/n.短而尖的声音；咔咔声v.(使)发出咔哒声；点击 词形变化：无常见派生词 搭配：click one's tongue咂舌；click on点击（网页等） 例句：Dolphins use a series of clicks to navigate and hunt. 9.bounce/bauns/.v.(使)弹起，弹跳n.反弹；弹跳 词形变化：bouncy(adj.）有弹性的；活泼的 搭配：bounce back反弹；恢复；bounce off弹离；反射 例句：Sound waves bounce off objects and return as echoes. 10.habitat/habrtaet/.n.栖息地：（动植物的)生活环境 词形变化：无常见派生词 搭配：natural habitat自然栖息地；habitat loss栖息地丧失 例句：The destruction of rainforests threatens many species'habitats. 11.destroy/dr'stron/v.毁坏；摧毁 词形变化：destruction(n.)破坏；毁灭；destructive(adi.)破坏性的 搭配：destroy one's hope摧毁某人的希望；be destroyed by fire被大火烧毁 例句：Pollution can destroy entire ecosystems if left unchecked. 12.nowhere/'nwee(r)/adv.无处；哪里都不 词形变化：无常见派生词 搭配：get nowhere一事无成；nowhere to be found无处可寻；in the middle of nowhere在偏远地方 例句：Some species are found nowhere else on Earth. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.Many ancient animals have been driven to (extinct)by human activities. 2.The research shows that the two populations (differ)in their feeding habits. 3. (previous)studies had already warned about the decline of coral reefs. 4.I find the way whales communicate (fascinate). 5.The couple spent a lot of money on home (decorate)last year. 6.The dolphin made a series of short (click)to locate its prey. 7.The ball (bounce)off the wall and hit the window. 8.Many birds depend on wetlands as their natural (habitat) 9.Human activities continue (destroy)the forests at an alarming rate. 10.This type of plant is found (nowhere)else in the world. 11.The government has taken (power)measures to protect endangered species. 12.The scientist gave a very (specifically)answer to the question. 13.The elephant's tusks are often made into (decorate)items. 14.Some experts believe that the extinction rate is (increase)rapidly. 15.Without enough food,the young whale could not (power)itself to swim. (二)短文填空 The ocean is home to many fascinating creatures,but their 1. are being destroyed.For example,the 2. of certain whale species is a serious concern. Different types of whales 3. in size,diet,and behavior.Some,like the killer whale,are very 4. research has shown that whales use a series of 6. and 7. sounds to communicate.Unfortunately,human activities 8. large areas of the ocean environment.As a result,many animals have 9 safe to live.We must take 10. action to protect them before it is too late. 参考答案 1.extinction;2.differ,3.Previous;4.fascinating;5.decoration;6.clicks; (一)单句填空 7.bounced;8.habitat;9.to destroy;10.nowhere;11.powerful;12.specific; 13.decorative;14.increasing;15.power 1.habitats;2.extinction;3.differ;4.powerful;5.Previous;6.clicks;7.bounced; (二)短文填空 8.destroy;9.nowhere;10.specific A 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 省略句 省略句 项目 内容 为了避免重复，使语言表达更简洁、紧凑，在不引起歧义的情况下，将句 定义 子中的某些成分省略，这种句子叫省略句。省略是英语中一种常见的语法 现象，尤其在口语和非正式文体中更为普遍。 省略主语、省略谓语或谓语的一部分、省略主语和谓语。 简单句中的省 略 ①(I)Thank you for your help.②(Is)Anybody here?③(I'm)Sorry to trouble you. 如果并列句中的前后分句有相同的成分，为了避免重复，后一分句中相同 并列句中的省 的部分可以省略。 略 1 My father is a doctor,and my mother (is)a nurse.2I work in a hospital, but my brother (works)in a school. 复合句中的省当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有b动词时，可以省 略 略从句中的“主语+be”。 1 Although (he is)a young man,he knows a lot.2 When (you are)in trouble,you can ask me for help.3 If(it is)possible,I will go with you 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以被省略。 1 The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is very interesting 在动词know,think,suppose,.hope,believe,expect,guess,be afraid等后， 常用so或not替代宾语从句。 -Will he win the game?-I hope so.-Do you think it will rain?-I guess not. 在某些感官动词和使役动词后，不定式省略to。 D I saw him (to)enter the room. 在but,except后，当前面有实义动词do时省略to,否则保留。 不定式符号to①He could do nothing but(to)wait.②He has no choice but to wait. 的省略与保留 /在want,hope,ty,plan,need,wouldlike,.used to,be able to等a动词后，为 了避免重复，保留to。 1-Would you like to go with me?-Yes,I'd love to.2-I don't like swimming,but I used to. 1.省略必须遵循“不产生歧义”的原则，即在省略后句子的意思仍然清晰 明确。 2.在选择题或语法填空的考查中，要特别注意省略部分的还原，分析句子 注意事项 结构，识别出省略了哪些成分。 3.状语从句中“主语+be的省略是最常见的考点之一，常见于when, while,.if,unless,.though,although,asif/though等引导的从句后。 l.状语从句的省略(When/While/If/Unless+doing/done/adj.prep phrase) 常见考点 2.不定式符号to的省略与保留 3.替代词so/not的用法 4.并列句中的省略 考点通关 省略句 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.-Will you join us in the game?-I'm afraid A.so B.yes C.not D.no 2.Though to stop,the naughty boy continued to play video games. A.telling B.told C.being told D.to tell 3.The doctor did what he could the dying man,but failed. A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved 4.-I haven't been to the new science museum.- A.Neither have I B.So have I C.Neither I have D.So I have 5.-Do you think it's going to rain?-I A.believe so B.think not C.hope not D.guess so 6.When help,one often says "Thank you"or "It's kind of you. A.offering B.offered C.to be offered D.to offer 7.-Why didn't you go to the cinema with us?-I A.would like B.would like to C.would like so D.would like it 8.All the experts called for a green lifestyle. a healthy environment for future generations A.to create B.creating C.created D.to have created 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.He didn't say much, I knew he liked it. 2.Sometimes,when for his opinion,he would simply answer "Not bad." 3.One day,while in the park,I saw an old man painting a picture. 4 not,I would probably regret it. 5.This phrase "I hope so"is a common in English 6.When I asked, ,you go there again? 7.I would love 8.If with others,you will always find someone better. 9.When advice,we should be polite 10. is a simpler and more polite way. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.C;2.B;3.B;4.A;5.D;6.B;7.B;8.A 语法专练二：语法填空 1.but;2.asked;3.walking;4.If;5.omission;6.Would; 7.to;8.compared;9.given;10.That/It 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Endangered Species Shooting animals for sport can quickly harm animal populations 结构：Ving形式+谓语动词 中文：为了娱乐而猎杀动物会迅速危害动物种群。 用法：动名词在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。 2.As human populations continue to grow,so does their need to develop more land. 结构：s0+助动词/be动词+主语 中文：随着人类人口的持续增长，他们对开发更多土地的需求也在增长。 用法：表示前句所述情况也适用于另一主语。 3.One of the main reasons animals become endangered is the destruction of their habitats. 结构：one of+复数名词+单数谓语动词 中文：动物濒危的主要原因之一是栖息地的破坏。 用法：中心词是one,谓语动词用单数。 4.With nowhere to go and nothing to eat,the animals die. 结构：with+名词/代词+不定式/介词短语 中文：由于无处可去、无食可吃，动物们死亡。 用法：在句中作伴随状语或原因状语。 5.When a habitat is destroyed,it means the animals'homes are also destroyed. 结构：When+从句，主句+it means that. 中文：当栖息地被破坏时，就意味着动物的家园也被破坏了。 用法：when从句表示条件或时间背景，主句解释结果。 6.It is still possible to maintain a diverse animal population for future generations to enjoy. 结构：Itis+adj.+forsb.+to do sth 中文：维持多样化的动物种群供后代欣赏仍然是可能的。 用法：t作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。 7.It has been proven that we can stop an endangered species from becoming extinct. 结构：It+被动谓语+that+从句 中文：已经证明我们可以阻止濒危物种灭绝。 用法：it作形式主语，hat从句是真正主语。 8.More awareness,compassion and action are needed from all of us if we are to save our planet's wildlife. 结构：主句（被动语态）+if+主语+be to do 中文：如果要拯救地球上的野生动物，我们都需要更多的意识、同情和行动。 用法：if从句表示目的，be to do表示“为了”。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.Cutting down trees makes animals homeless. 2.As the city grows,so (do)the demand for housing. 3.One of the most serious problems (be)overfishing. 4. (with)no safe place to live,the birds are dying. 5.When a wetland (fill)in,many fish lose their habitat. 6.It is our duty (protect)endangered animals. 7.It (report)that several species have become extinct. 8.More actions (need)if we are to stop extinction. 9.The law (pass)last year has helped protect tigers. 10. (hunt)whales for profit is illegal in many countries. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.砍伐森林是导致动物濒危的主要原因之一。 2.随着人口增长，对土地的需求也在增长。 3.没有食物和住所，许多动物无法生存。 4.当栖息地被破坏时，就意味着动物失去了家园。 5.对我们来说，保护生物多样性很重要。 6.己经证明，繁殖计划能帮助增加动物数量。 7.如果要拯救野生动物，就需要更多的法律。 8.过度捕猎是另一个导致动物濒危的原因。 9. 我们必须更加意识到人类活动对动物的影响。 10.我们不是这个星球上唯一的生物。 参考答案 1.Cutting;2.does;3.is;4.With;5.is filled;6.to protect;7.has 练习一：完成句子 been reported;8.are needed;9.passed;10.Hunting 1.Cutting down forests is one of the main reasons animals become endangered.;2.As the population grows,so does the demand for land.;3.With no food and shelter,many animals cannot survive.4.When a habitat is destroyed,it means animals lose their homes.;5.It is important for us to protect 练习二：翻译句子 biodiversity.6.It has been proved that breeding programs can help increase animal populations.7.More laws are needed if we are to save wildlife.;8.Overhunting is another cause of animal endangerment.9.We must become more aware of how human activities affect animals.;10.We are not the only living things on this planet. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 The vaquita,a small porpoise native to the Gulf of Califomnia,is on the brink of extinction.With fewer than 10 individuals left in the wild,it is the most endangered marine mammal in the world.The primary cause of its decline is bycatch-accidental entanglement in gillnets used to catch another fish, the totoaba,whose swim bladder is highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine.Despite a complete ban on gillnets in the vaquita's habitat,illegal fishing continues,driven by the high black-market price of totoaba bladders,which can fetch tens of thousands of dollars each. The situation presents a devastating paradox:efforts to save the vaquita have inadvertently accelerated the threat.As the totoaba population dwindles,the value of each individual swim bladder skyrockets, making the risk of illegal fishing more appealing.Conservationists have attempted drastic measures, including capturing remaining vaquitas for a captive breeding program,but this approach has proven unsuccessful,as the animals do not thrive in captivity and have died during the capture process.This failure has led some experts to argue that conservation resources should be redirected to eliminating the root cause:the demand for totoaba bladders.They advocate for international cooperation to disrupt smuggling routes and reduce consumer demand in China.Meanwhile,others believe that any hope lies in relentless,high-tech surveillance of the vaquita's protected area to deter illegal fishing.The clock is ticking for this elusive creature,and its fate hangs on whether humanity can solve a complex equation of economics,crime,and ecology. ()1.What is the primary direct cause of the vaquita's endangerment? A.The destruction of its natural habitat. B.Competition with other marine species. C.Being accidentally caught in fishing nets. D.The lack of food in the Gulf of Califomnia. ()2.The word "paradox"in paragraph 2 most nearly means. A.a surprising coincidence B.a simple solution C.a contradictory situation D.an expected outcome ()3.Why have captive breeding efforts for the vaquita been unsuccessful? A.The animals refuse to eat in captivity. B.All captured vaquitas have been released. C.The vaquita cannot adapt to a controlled environment. D.It is illegal to capture them under international law. ()4.What can be inferred from the text about the future of the vaquita? A.The captive breeding program will likely succeed soon. B.The population is expected to rise with the ban on gillnets. C.Its survival depends on complex,multi-faceted solutions. D.Experts agree that the situation is hopeless. Passage 2 For decades,the concept of a "keystone species"has been fundamental to ecology.A keystone species is one whose effect on its ecosystem is disproportionately large relative to its abundance.Think of it like the keystone in an arch:remove it,and the entire structure collapses.The most famous example is the reintroduction of gray wolves to Yellowstone National Park in 1995.The wolves,by preying on elk,altered the behavior of these large herbivores.The elk began avoiding river valleys and open areas where they were vulnerable,which allowed overgrazed willow and aspen trees to regenerate.This regrowth stabilized niverbanks,created habitat for birds and beavers,and even changed the course of some streams.This cascade of ecological benefits,triggered by the presence of a single predator,perfectly illustrates the keystone concept However,recent research is challenging this well-established narrative.Scientists have reviewed long- term data from Yellowstone and argue that the wolf's impact has been overstated.They point out that the recovery of willow and aspen was also heavily influenced by other factors,such as drought,fire suppression policies,and the historical hunting of other large predators like grizzly bears.In some areas,willow growth has remained slow despite the presence of wolves for over two decades.This does not mean wolves are unimportant,but it suggests that ecosystems are far more complex than the simple "wolf-elk-plant"chain suggests.The debate forces ecologists to ask a more profound question:are we oversimplifying nature to fit a compelling story?While the wolf remains an important player in Yellowstone's ecosystem,its role may be that of a member of a team,rather than the star player holding the entire structure together.The true story of an ecosystem is a web of interactions,not a single pillar. ()1.What is the main purpose of the "arch"metaphor in the first paragraph? A.To show that ecosystems are difficult to build. B.To explain the critical function of a keystone species. C.To describe the physical structure of a wolf pack. D.To illustrate that all species are equally important. ()2.According to the passage,what was a direct consequence of wolves being reintroduced to Yellowstone? A.Beavers were driven out of their habitats. B.The elk population increased significantly. C.Some tree species began to grow back. D.The number of grizzly bears declined. ()3.What is the main finding of the recent research mentioned in the passage? A.The wolf is no longer considered a keystone species. B.The recovery of plants in Yellowstone is due only to wolves C.The effects of the wolf on the ecosystem may have been exaggerated. D.The reintroduction of wolves has had no impact on the river system. ()4.What does the author imply about the study of ecosystems? A.It often relies on stories that are too simple B.It is a field of science with clear answers. C.It rarely requires reviewing historical data. D.It focuses mainly on large predator species. 二、完形填空 The Amazon rainforest,often called the "lungs of the Earth,"is home to an astonishing 10%of the world's known species.This biodiversity is a treasure,but it is under threat from deforestation,primarily for cattle ranching and soy production.The impact of losing this forest goes far beyond theof unique animals.Trees play a crucial role in the global water cycle,releasing moisture into the atmosphere that forms clouds and falls as rain across South America.This process is so powerful that it creates its own weather patterns. When forests are cleared,this cycle is.The land becomes drier,and the surrounding rainforest gets hotter.This creates a dangerous feedback loop:a drier forest is more susceptible to fire.These fires,often set deliberately to clear land,can easily out of control,burning thousands of square miles. The consequences for wildlife are catastrophic.Animals,from jaguars to tiny frogs,are either killed directly by the flames or forced to their fragmented habitats.Species that are specialized to live in a specific micro-climate deep in the forest simply cannot in the altered landscape.This loss of habitat is the single biggest driver of extinction. However,there is hope.Indigenous communities have lived sustainably in the Amazon for millennia, and studies consistently show that the forests they manage have the lowest rates of deforestation. these communities with legal rights to their land is one of the most effective conservation strategies.Furthermore,global consumer pressure on companies to source soy and beef from deforestation-free supply chains is beginning to have an effect.The fight to save the Amazon is not a local problem;it is a global responsibility.The choices we make in our supermarkets and our policies at the ballot box can directly influence the of this ireplaceable ecosystem and its inhabitants The future of the Amazon and the thousands of that call it home depends on a concerted global effort.We must act not just with compassion,but with a sense of undeniable,shared 1.A.minor B.severe C.vague D.uncertain 2.A.loss B.survival C.discovery D.increase 3.A.improved B.ignored C.strengthened D.disrupted 4.A.break B.turn C.spread D.bring 5.A.abandon B.defend C.expand D.design 6.A.grow B.survive C.compete D.migrate 7.A.Burdening B.Threatening C.Empowering D.Isolating 8.A.fate B.history C.size D.climate 9.A.species B.plants C.rivers D.people 10.A.wealth B.interest C.destiny D.knowledge 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions using complete sentences. The African elephant,the largest land animal on Earth,is a "keystone species"whose behavior has a profound impact on its environment.These giants are not just passive residents of the savanna;they are active architects of their ecosystem.One of their most important roles is that of a primary seed disperser.Elephants consume vast quantities of fiuit and vegetation,and their digestive system is surprisingly gentle on seeds.As they travel across great distances,they deposit these seeds in their dung,which serves as a nutrient-rich fertilizer,allowing new plants to sprout in new areas.This process is critical for maintaining the health and diversity of the savanna woodlands.Without elephants,many tree species would struggle to regenerate. Elephants are also "ecosystem engineers"in another way.During the dry season,they use their powerful tusks and tunks to dig for water in dry riverbeds.These water holes are then used by a vast array of other species,from zebras and wildebeests to birds and insects.By providing this vital water source,elephants act as a lifeline for their entire community during the harshest times of the year. Furthermore,by trampling and pushing over trees as they feed,they create clearings in the forest. These clearings allow sunlight to reach the ground,promoting the growth of grasses,which in turn provides food for grazing animals.The presence of elephants,therefore,creates a mosaic of habitats that supports a much higher level of biodiversity than would exist otherwise.Their very existence helps to shape the landscape,demonstrating that the largest creatures often have the most delicate and far- reaching influence on their world. 1.Why are Afican elephants considered a "keystone species"? 2.What makes the elephant's digestive system effective for seed dispersal? 3.How do elephants help other animals survive the dry season? 4.In what way do elephants contribute to the growth of grassland? 5.What does the author mean by saying elephants are "active architects of their ecosystem"? 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 threat,behavior,pesticide,decline,reproduce,essential,collapse,indicator,vital,awareness The alarming in bee populations worldwide is a major ecological crisis.Bees are pollinators for many of the crops we eat.Without them,the of entire agricultural systems is a genuine risk.The causes of this decline are complex,including habitat loss,disease,and widespread use of .These chemicals,meant to kill pests,can harm bees by affecting their nervous system and navigation The role of bees as anof environmental health cannot be overstated.Their struggle is a powerful waming signal.To address this crisis,raising public is crucial.Urban gardeners can plant bee-friendly flowers,while farmers can adopt sustainable practices.Protecting bees is not just about saving a single species,it is about ensuring the health of our entire planet's ecosystems The survival of these tiny insects is intimately linked to our own. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 五、写作 假设你是李华，你所在的学校“动物保护社团”计划举办一场主题为“Protecting the Animals Around Us”的宣传活动。请你给校长写一封英文建议信，内容包括： 1.说明举办该活动的目的和意义； 2.提出活动具体内容（至少两项，如海报展览、专家讲座等）： 3.请求校长批准和支持。 注意： 1.词数100左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr.President, I am Li Hua from the Animal Protection Club. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考答案 Passage 1:1.C 2.C3.C 4.C 一、 阅读理解 Passage 2:1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 二、 完形填空1.B;2.A;3.D;4.C;5.A;6.B;7.C;8.A;9.A;10.C 1.Afican elephants are considered a "keystone species"because their behavior has a disproportionately large effect on their environment relative to their abundance. 2.The elephant's digestive system is surprisingly gentle,which allows seeds to pass through without being destroyed,making it effective for seed dispersal. 3.Elephants help other animals survive the dry season by digging for water in dy 三、阅读短文riverbeds,creating water holes that many other species use. 回答问题 4.Elephants contribute to the growth of grassland by trampling and pushing over trees,creating clearings that allow sunlight to reach the ground,which promotes grass growth. 5.The author means that elephants actively shape and change their environment (e.g., by dispersing seeds,creating water holes,and clearing forests),rather than just living in it passively. 1.decline 2.essential 3.collapse 4.pesticides 5.behavior 6.indicator 7.awareness 8. 四、短文填空 vital 五、写作 范文： Dear Mr.President, I am Li Hua from the Animal Protection Club.I am writing to propose a campaign titled "Protecting the Animals Around Us,"aimed at raising students'awareness of local wildlife conservation. This campaign is of great significance as it encourages students to respect and protect the animals in our community.To make it engaging,we suggest holding a poster exhibition to showcase local species and their habitats,and inviting a wildlife expert to give a talk on how we can help protect them. We would be grateful if you could approve and support this meaningful activity. Yours sincerely, Li Hua