Unit 2 Art and Artists（A部分）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（沪外版）

Unit 2 Art and Artists 教材全解(A部分) carpenter;talent;title;shrimp;crab;display;shade;ink; 。单元核心词汇 putonghua;stable;harmonious;figure;expression;detail; energetic等 ②单元同步语法 动词不定式（作宾语、补语、状语和定语等） 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.talent/tlnt/n.天才；天资；天赋 词形变化：talented(adj.)有天赋的 搭配：have a talent for.有…的天赋；a man of talent有才华的人；talent show 才艺秀 例句：She has a remarkable talent for music and painting 辨析：talent侧重先天才能；skill侧重后天技能；gift与talent近义，但gift更 强调天生。 2.itle/'tatl/n.(人名前表示地位、职业等的)称号，头衔；标题；冠军 词形变化：entitle(v.)给…命名；使有资格；titleholder(n.)冠军持有者 搭配：win the title赢得冠军；title role剧名角色；a title of nobility贵族头衔 例句：He fought hard to defend his world title. 3.stable/sterbl/adj.稳定的；稳固的；平稳的 词形变化：stability(n.）稳定；stabilize(w.)使稳定；unstable(反义词)不稳定的 搭配：a stable relationship稳定关系；stable economy稳定经济；keep stable保持 稳定 例句：A stable family environment is important for children's growth. 4.harmonious/ha:'meunias/adj.友好和睦的；和谐的；协调的 词形变化：harmony(n.)和谐；harmonize(.)使和谐；harmoniously(adv.)和 谐地 搭配：harmonious society和谐社会；live in harmony和谐共处；in harmony with 与……协调 例句：The colors in the painting are very harmonious. 5.figure/'fig(r)/n.(绘画或故事中的)人物；数字；身材；图形v.认为；计算；出现 词形变化：figurative(adj.)比喻的；figure out弄明白；计算 搭配：figure of speech修辞手法；key figure关键人物；keep one's figure保持身材 例句：He is a well-known public figure in the sports field. 6.expression/k'sprefn/n.表达；表露；表情 词形变化：express(W.)表达；expressive(adj.)富有表现力的；expressionless (adj.)面无表情的 搭配：beyond expression无法形容；facial expression面部表情；give expression to 表达 例句：Hlis eyes were full of surprise,but his expression remained calm 7.energetic/ena'd3etk/adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的；需要能量的 词形变化：energy(m.）精力；能量；energetically(adv.)精力充沛地 搭配：be energetic in doing sth.积极做某事；energetic exercise高耗能运动 例句：Young people are usually more energetic than the elderly. 8.stroke /strauk/n.（笔、刷等的)一笔；击球；中风v.轻抚，抚摩 词形变化：stroke n.笔画；stroke of luck幸运；ata/one stroke一下子 搭配：brush stroke笔触；stroke of genius天才之举；suffer a stroke中风 例句：With a few strokes of the brush,he created a beautiful landscape. 9.manner/'mena(r)/n.方式；方法；举止；（复数）礼貌 词形变化：mannered(adi.)矫揉造作的；nannerism(n.)特殊习惯 搭配：table manners餐桌礼仪；ina.manner以…的方式；all manner of各种各 样的 例句：It's bad manners to talk with your mouth full. l0.trend /trend/n.趋向；倾向；动向v.趋势；流行 词形变化：trendy(adj.)时髦的；trendsetter(m.)☑引领潮流的人 搭配：follow the trend追随潮流；set a trend引领潮流；upward/downward trend上 升/下降趋势 例句：There is a growing trend towards working from home.. 1l.ypical/'tprd/adj.典型的；有代表性的 词形变化：type(.)类型；typically(adv.)典型地 搭配：typical of.…的典型特征；atypical example典型例子 例句：This painting is typical of the artist's early style.. l2.beyond/bI'jpnd/prep.超出；在…之外adv.在更远处 搭配：beyond belief难以置信；beyond compare无与伦比；beyond one's control超 出某人的控制；go beyond超越 例句：The beauty of the mountains is beyond description. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The young pianist has a natural (talented)for classical music. 2.She was (title)the "Queen of Pop"after her successful tour. 3.The government is trying to keep the economy (stable)during the crisis. 4.All the colors in the design are in perfect (harmonious). 5.We need to (figure)out the total cost before making a decision. 6.The artist's (express)style is full of emotion. 7.After a good night's sleep,he felt much more (energy). 8.With a few (stroke)of the pen,the writer finished the poem. 9.It is bad (manner)to interrupt others while they are speaking. 10.The (trend)of wearing vintage clothes is becoming popular again. 11.This (typical)summer is hotter than usual in our area. 12.The results of the experiment were belief-no one could understand them. (二)短文填空 In today's society,everyone wants to be successful.However,success requires more than just natural 1. .A2. mind and a 3. attitude toward life are also important.Many famous 4. in history had a special way of 5 their ideas.For example,Leonardo da Vinci used 6. brush 7. to create masterpieces.His 8. of painting set a new 9 for art.It is 10 of great artists to go beyond the limits of their time. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.talent,2.titled;3.stable;4.harmony;5.figure;6.expressive,7.energetic; 8.strokes;9.manners;10.trend;11.typical;12.beyond 1.talent;2.stable;3.harmonious;4.figures;5.expression;6.energetic;7.strokes; (二)短文填空 8.manner;9.trend;10.typical 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 动词不定式 动词不定式（作宾语、补语、状语和定语） 动词不定式(o+动词原形)是非谓语动词的一种，可以充当句子中的宾 定义 语、宾语补足语、状语和定语，表达目的、结果、原因、将来等含义。在 高中阶段，它是高考语法填空和短文改错的高频考点。 常用动词后接不定式作宾语，如：want,hope,decide,agree,plan,refuse, promise,leam,pretend,fail等。结构：主语+谓语动词+todo+其他。 例：She decided to study abroad after graduation.（她决定毕业后出国留 学。) 作宾语 注意：当不定式作宾语且后面跟宾语补足语时，常用形式宾语t,真正宾 语后置，结构为：主语+谓语+t+宾补+todo 例：I find it difficult to finish the task on time.(我发现按时完成这项任务 很难。) 某些动词后需用不定式作宾补，常见动词：ask,tell,want,encourage, allow,force,.expect,.remind,wam等。结构：主语+谓语+宾语+to doo 例：The teacher encouraged us to participate in the competition.(老师鼓 作宾语补足语 励我们参加比赛。) 特殊情况：感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice等)和使役动词(make,let, have)后接不带to的不定式作宾补（即动词原形）： 例：I saw him cross the street.（我看见他过了马路。) 注意：变为被动语态时，必须恢复to:He was seen to cross the street. 不定式可表示目的、结果、原因。 目的状语：常译为“为了…”，可位于句首或句末。 例：To pass the exam,he stayed up late every night..(为了通过考试，他 每晚熬夜。) 结果状语：常与oly连用，表示意想不到的或不好的结果；或用在 enough to,too.to结构中。 作状语 例：He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left..(他匆忙赶到 车站，结果发现火车已经开了。) 例：The box is too heavy to carry.(这个箱子太重了，搬不动。) 原因状语：常用于“be+形容词+todo”结构中，表示产生某种情绪或状 态的原因。 例：I am sony to hear that you are ill.(听说你生病了，我很难过。) 不定式作定语常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，表示将要发生的动作、目 的或功能。结构：名词/代词+todo。 例：I have a lot of work to do today.(我今天有很多工作要做。) 作定语 例：The meeting to be held tomorrow has been canceled.(原定明天举行 的会议被取消了。) 注意：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，需加上合适的介词。 例：He is looking for a room to live in.(他正在找一间可以住的房间。) 作宾语：refuse to do,promise to do,fail to do,afford to do,manage to do 作宾补：allow sb.todo,encourage sb.todo,wasb.not to do 高频搭配 作状语：only to find,too.to.,enough to,in order to do 作定语：the first/Ⅵast to do,.something to eat,a chance to go 考点通关 动词不定式 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.The teacher told the students too much time on video games. A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spending 2.I intend a gap year before going to university,but my parents persuaded me to go straight away. A.taking B.to take C.take D.taken 3.He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word,only later that he had misunderstood me A.to realize B.realizing C.realized D.realize 4.The question at tomorrow's meeting is about the new curriculum reform. A.to discuss B.discussing C.to be discussed D.discussed 5.The boy pretended when his mother came in,but I could see him smiling. A.sleeping B.to sleep C.to be sleeping D.having slept 6.With so many assignments I can't go to the party tonight. A.to finish B.finishing C.finished D.being finished 7.My parents expect me a doctor,but I would rather become a writer. A.becoming B.to become C.become D.became 8.The driver was fined for to stop at the red light. A.failing B.having failed C.fail D.to fail 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Tom had always dreamed of a professional musician 2.He decided his passion despite his family's concerns. 3.Every day,he spent hours the piano. 4.He was hoping his skills. 5.His teacher encouraged him in a national competition. 6.However,Tom was determined himself. 7.He worked hard,only that the competition required performers to play a piece he had never learned. 8.He was about up. 9.His teacher reminded him focused. 10.In the end,he managed the piece quite well. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.B;3.A;4.C,5.C;6.A;7.B;8.A 1.becoming;2.to pursue;3.practicing;4.to improve;5.to 语法专练二：语法填空 participate;6.to prove;7.to discover;8.to give;9.to stay; 10.to finish 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 艺术与韧性 1.The artist,who was born into a poor family,dreamed of becoming a painter. 结构：先行词+，+关系代词(who/which/whom等)+从句 中文：这位艺术家出身贫寒，梦想成为一名画家。 用法：非限制性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后主句意思仍然完整，用逗号 与主句隔开。 2.Although his early works were criticized for being too simple,the artist refused to change his style. 结构：Although+从句，主句(=Though/Even though) 中文：虽然他的早期作品因过于简单而受到批评，但这位艺术家拒绝改变他的风格。 用法：含义：虽然/尽管，表示“让步”，即先承认某种情况，再引出相反或出乎 意料的结果。 3...the artist refused to change his style,believing that art should reflect the lives and struggles of ordinary people. 结构：主语+谓语，+V-ing短语 中文：这位艺术家拒绝改变他的风格，相信艺术应该反映普通人的生活和斗争。 用法：现在分词(doing)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。 4.The biography argues that the artist's greatest strength was his ability to find beauty in the ordinary. 结构：主语+及物动词/系动词/介词+hat+陈述语序的从句 中文：传记指出，这位艺术家最大的优点是在平凡中发现美的能力。 用法：that在宾语从句中只起连接作用，无实际意义，口语中常省略。 5. ..true art is not about fame or fortune,but about speaking to the human heart and capturing the essence of what it means to be alive. 结构：not+A,but+B一不是A,而是B 中文：真正的艺术不是关于名声和财富，而是关于打动人心并捕捉生命的本质。 用法：连接两个平行的成分（名词、介词短语、不定式、从句等），强调对比。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The girl, (wear)a red dress,is my cousin. 2. (work)hard,he finally passed the exam 3.He spoke slowly, (try)to make himself understood. 4.I don't doubt he is honest. 5.Success is not about luck, about hard work. 6.She dreams (travel)around the world one day. 7.The scientist refused (give)up his research. 8.This custom has come (see)as a symbol of good luck. 9.Good teachers know how (connect)with their students. 10.The writer left a rich cultural heritage. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.这位画家出生在一个贫穷的家庭，却成了最受欢迎的艺术家之一。 2.虽然他的早期作品被批评，但他拒绝改变自己的风格。 3.她坐在窗边，思考着未来的计划。 4.传记指出，艺术家的最大优点是在平凡中发现美。 5.真正的艺术不是关于名声和财富，而是关于打动人心。 6.他从小就梦想成为一名医生。 7.这幅画，描绘了田野里的农民，逐渐被视为希望的象征。 8.她拒绝接受这份工作，因为她想追求自己的梦想。 9.这位老师善于与来自不同背景的学生建立联系。 10.他留下的精神遗产将继续激励后代。 参考答案 1.wearing;2.Working;3.trying;4.that;5.but;6.of 练习一：完成句子 travelling;7.to give;8.to be seen;9.to connect;10.behind 1.The painter,who was born into a poor family,became one of the most popular artists.;2.Although his early works were criticized,he refused to change his style.;3.She sat by the window,thinking about future plans.;4.The biography points out that the artist's greatest strength was finding beauty in the ordinary.5.True art is not about fame or fortune,but about 练习二：翻译句子 speaking to the human heart.;6.He dreamed of becoming a doctor from a young age.;7.This painting,which depicts farmers in the fields,has come to be seen as a symbol of hope. 8.She refused to take the job because she wanted to pursue her own dream;9.This teacher is good at connecting with students from different backgrounds.;10.The spiritual legacy he left behind will continue to inspire future generations. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 Vincent van Gogh is often remembered as a tortured genius who sold only one painting during his lifetime.However,recent scholarship has begun to challenge this romanticized narrative,revealing a more complex and resilient artist than popular culture has traditionally portrayed. Van Gogh's artistic joumey began relatively late in life.After failing at various careers-including art dealing,teaching,and religious ministry-he turned to painting at the age of 27.What followed was a decade of extraordinary creative output,during which he produced over 2,000 artworks,including approximately 860 oil paintings.His early works,such as The Potato Eaters(1885),were dark and somber,reflecting the harsh realities of peasant life.These paintings demonstrated his deep compassion for ordinary people,a theme that would persist throughout his career. The tumning point came in 1886 when van Gogh moved to Paris and encountered the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists.He was particularly influenced by the Pointillist technique of Georges Seurat and the vivid colors of artists like Claude Monet and Paul Gauguin.This period marked a dramatic transformation in van Gogh's palette,as he abandoned the earthy tones of his earlier work in favor of bright,bold colors. Works like Sunflowers(1888)and Bedroom in Arles(1888)exemplify this new approach,using color not merely to represent reality but to express emotional states. Van Gogh's mental health struggles are well-documented,but historians now argue that his condition was more nuanced than previously believed.Rather than being constantly incapacitated by madness,van Gogh experienced periods of intense creativity interspersed with episodes of severe mental distress. During his hospitalization in Saint-Remy in 1889-1890,he produced some ofhis most celebrated works including Stany Night which combines his characteristic swirling brushstrokes with a deeply personal vision of the night sky. The myth of van Gogh as a solitary figure who was completely misunderstood by his contemporaries also requires revision.In fact,he maintained correspondence with fellow artists,particularly his brother Theo, whose letters reveal a sophisticated understanding of artistic theory and practice.Van Gogh was acutely aware of the artistic movements of his time and actively sought to position himself within them.His painting The Red Vineyard,sold to Anna Boch in 1890,was purchased by a respected collector who recognized his talent,challenging the notion that he was entirely neglected. Today,van Gogh's influence on modern art is immeasurable.His emphasis on emotional expression over realistic representation laid the groundwork for Expressionism and subsequent modern movements. Contemporary artists continue to draw inspiration from his bold use of color and his belief that art should communicate the deepest human experiences.Far from being merely a tragic figure,van Gogh emerges from recent research as a dedicated professional who struggled with personal demons while making deliberate,informed choices about his artistic direction. ()1.What does the recent scholarship suggest about van Gogh? A.He was a completely misunderstood genius. B.He sold only one painting and lived in poverty. C.He was more resilient and complex than popularly believed. D.He had no understanding of contemporary art movements. ()2.What marked the significant change in van Gogh's artistic style? A.His move to the countyside B.His exposure to Impressionism in Paris. C.His hospitalization in Saint-Remy D.His failure in religious ministry. ()3.According to the passage,van Gogh's mental health condition was: A.Constantly incapacitating him from working. B.Characterized by continuous periods of creativity C.More complex than the simple narrative of madness. D.The only reason for his distinctive painting style ()4.The author mentions van Gogh's correspondence with his brother Theo to show that: A.Van Gogh was not as isolated as commonly thought B.Theo was the only person who understood van Gogh C.Van Gogh's letters were later published as art criticism. D.Van Gogh relied entirely on his brother for artistic advice. Passage 2 The relationship between art and artificial intelligence has become one of the most debated topics in contemporary cultural discourse.As AI-generated artworks win competitions and sell for substantial sums at auction,questions arise about creativity,authorship,and the very nature of art itself.While some view this technological development as a threat to human artistic expression,others see it as an opportunity to expand the boundaries of creative practice. The history ofAI art dates back to the 1960s when computer scientist Harold Cohen developed AARON, a program capable of producing original drawings.However,it is only in the last decade that advances in machine leaming and neural networks have enabled AI to create works that are increasingly difficult to distinguish from human-made art.Systems like Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)can analyze thousands of existing artworks and generate new pieces that mimic specific styles or combine elements in novel ways. One of the most significant challenges posed by AI art concerns the concept of intentionality.Traditional art criticism has long held that a work of art derives meaning from the artist's intention-the conscious choices and emotional states that inform the creative process.When an AI generates an image,however, there is no human intention behind the result.The algorithm follows mathematical rules rather than making aesthetic judgments based on lived experience.Critics argue that without intentionality,AI- generated images remain mere simulations of art rather than genuine artistic expressions. Proponents ofAI art counter that the creative process is not entirely different from human artistic practice. They point out that human artists also work within constraints-whether technical,cultural,or personal- and that AI systems simply represent a new set of constraints to be navigated.Moreover,they argue,the human curator or programmer who selects and refines AI outputs exercises creative judgment,making the final work a collaboration between human and machine rather than purely machine-generated The legal and ethical dimensions ofAI art are equally complex.Copyright law traditionally grants protection to works created by human authors,raising questions about who-if anyone-owns the rights to AI-generated works.Some jurisdictions have ruled that AI cannot be considered an author under current law,leaving the status of such works uncertain.Additionally,concerns about cultural appropriation arise when AI systems trained on specific cultural traditions generate works that may misrepresent or commodify those traditions. Despite these challenges,many artists have embraced AI as a tool for expanding their creative possibilities.Digital artists use AI to generate initial concepts,explore variations,and overcome creative blocks.Musicians employ AI composition tools to experiment with new sounds and structures.Writers utilize language models to generate prompts or overcome writer's block.In each case,the human artist remains at the center of the creative process,using AI as a sophisticated tool rather than a replacement for human creativity. The future ofAI art likely lies not in competition between human and machine,but in their collaboration. As AI systems become more sophisticated,they may help artists realize visions that would otherwise be impossible to achieve.The challenge for critics,collectors,and the public will be to develop new frameworks for evaluating and appreciating art that acknowledge the role of technology while recognizing the ireplaceable value of human creative intention. ()1.What is the main concern about AI art regarding traditional art criticism? A.AI art is too expensive for most collectors. B.AI art lacks the intentionality central to human art. C.AI art cannot be sold or exhibited in galleries. D.AI art violates copyright laws in most countries. ()2.How do proponents ofAI art respond to criticism about lack of intentionality? A.They admit AI art is not real art. B.They argue human artists also work within constraints. C.They claim AI has consciousness and intention. D.They suggest AI art should be judged by different standards. ()3.The passage mentions legal issues related to AI art primarily to illustrate: A.The need for new regulations and frameworks. B.The impossibility ofAI ever creating original art. C.The superiority of traditional artistic methods D.The financial value ofAI-generated artworks ()4.According to the passage,how do most contemporary artists use AI? A.As a replacement for their own creative abilities B.As a tool to expand and enhance their creative work C.As a way to avoid making artistic decisions. D.As a means to produce art without training. ()5.What does the author predict about the future of AI art? A.AI will eventually replace human artists entirely B.Human and machine collaboration will become the norm C.AI art will be banned from major exhibitions. D.Traditional art forms will become obsolete. 二、完形填空 Becoming a professional artist requires more than just natural talent.It demands dedication,perseverance, and a willingness to embrace failure.The joumney of artist Maya Lin illustrates this tuth(1) When Lin first gained intemnational(2) at the age of 21,she was a Yale University architecture student who had(3) a competition to design the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.Her design-a simple,black granite wall inscribed with the names of fallen soldiers-was(4) controversial.Critics argued that its minimalist form failed to(5) the heroism of war. Some even called it a"black gash of shame." (6) the intense criticism,Lin refused to compromise her artistic vision.She understood that the power of her design lay not in grand statements,but in its ability to create a personal,reflective(7) for visitors.The wall's polished surface,she explained,would(8)the viewer's own reflection alongside the names of the dead,creating a powerful connection between past and present. The controversy gradually (9) as the memorial opened to the public.Visitors were deeply (10) by the experience of walking alongside the wall,touching the names,and seeing their own faces reflected in the dark stone.What had been criticized as too simple was now (11). as profoundly moving.The memorial became one of the most visited sites in the nation's capital, demonstrating that true art often(12) initial resistance to achieve lasting impact. Lin's career continued to (13) after this early success.She went on to create numerous other significant works,including the Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery,Alabama,and the Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.Throughout her career,she has maintained her commitment to designs that(14) with human experience rather than conform to popular expectations. Reflecting on her journey,Lin(15) that the most important lesson she learned was to trust her own artistic instincts."If you believe in what you're doing,"she once said,"don't let the noise of the crowd drown out your inner voice." 1.A.vividly B.vaguely C.roughly D.merely 2.A.recognition B.pressure C.criticism D.support 3.A.lost B.entered C.won D.organized 4.A.hardly B.deeply C.slightly D.briefly 5.A.celebrate B.ignore C.forget D.question 6.A.Despite B.Through C.Without D.Except 7.A.challenge B.experience C.competition D.argument 8.A.avoid B.hide C.reflect D.create 9.A.increased B.changed C.faded D.appeared 10.A.confused B.moved C.bored D.angered 11.A.criticized B.recognized C.forgotten D.ignored 12.A.requires B.prevents C.avoids D.survives 13.A.suffer B.end C.flourish D.pause 14.A.compete B.resonate C.argue D.compare 15.A.doubted B.regretted C.admitted D.complained 三、阅读短文回答问题 Art restoration has long been considered a delicate science,requiring years of training and a deep understanding of both artistic techniques and chemical processes.However,recent high-profile restoration failures have sparked a global debate about who should be trusted to preserve our cultural heritage,and what standards should govemn the practice. The most infamous case occurred in Borja,Spain,in 2012,when an elderly parishioner named Cecilia Gimenez attempted to restore a 19th-century fresco of Christ by artist Elias Garcia Martinez.The result, widely mocked as"Monkey Christ"or"Potato Jesus,"became an intemet sensation.Gimenez,who had no formal training in art conservation,had taken it upon herself to repair the painting,which had been damaged by moisture and flaking paint.The resulting image bore little resemblance to the original,with Christ's face transformed into a bluny,cartoonish figure. While the Borja restoration became a source of amusement,other cases have raised more serious concemns.In 2016,a Spanish collector hired a furniture restorer to repair a copy of Bartolome Esteban Murillo's Immaculate Conception,valued at approximately e1.2 million.The restorer's work resulted in the Virgin Mary's face being completely repainted,dramatically reducing the painting's value.Legal action followed,highlighting the financial and cultural stakes involved in such amateur interventions. These incidents have led to calls for stricter regulation of art restoration.Professional conservators argue that restoration requires specialized knowledge of materials,chemistry,and art history.The Intemnational Council of Museums(ICOM)has established detailed guidelines emphasizing that restoration should be minimally invasive,reversible where possible,and documented thoroughly.Conservators must understand how different pigments react over time,how environmental conditions affect various materials,and how to stabilize deteriorating works without altering their original character. Despite these professional standards,the rise of"do-it-yourselfrestoration continues,driven partly by the high cost of professional services and partly by a genuine desire to preserve local heritage.In many cases, particularly in smaller communities or developing countries,professional conservators are unavailable or unaffordable.This creates a difficult situation where well-meaning individuals attempt repairs that may ultimately cause more harm than good. Technology may offer a partial solution.Digital imaging techniques now allow conservators to analyze paintings at a microscopic level,identifying previous restorations,original materials,and areas of deterioration without physical contact.3D printing can recreate missing elements of sculptures and architectural features.Artificial intelligence algorithms can predict how different conservation treatments will affect artworks over time.These tools,while expensive,are becoming more accessible and may eventually help bridge the gap between professional standards and local needs. The fundamental question remains:Who has the right to alter works of cultural significance?While professional standards are essential,they must be balanced against the reality that many priceless artworks exist in contexts where professional conservation is not readily available.The solution likely lies not in simply condemning amateur restorers,but in expanding access to training,resources,and technology that enable informed preservation efforts at all levels. 1.What was the main problem with Cecilia Gimenez's restoration attempt in Borja,Spain? 2.Why did the professional restorer in the 2016 Spanish case face legal consequences? 3.What principles does the Intemnational Council of Museums recommend for art restoration? 4.According to the passage,why do"do-it-yourselfrestorations continue despite professional standards? 5.What role does the author suggest technology can play in addressing restoration challenges? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Art has always been a powerful means of human expression.From ancient cave paintings to modemn digital installations,artists have sought to capture the world around them and convey their unique perspectives.However,becoming a successful artist requires more than just creative vision;it demands a combination of natural (1) dedicated practice,and the ability to connect with audiences. Many famous artists faced significant challenges early in their careers.Their early works were often(2) for being too unconventional or technically imperfect.Yet these artists refused to (3) their unique styles,believing that true art should reflect authentic human experience rather than conform to popular (4) This determination often required a(5) emotional state and a harmonious(6) with their own creative instincts. The(7) power of art lies in its ability to communicate across cultural boundaries.A painting, sculpture,or musical composition can evoke emotions that transcend language(8) The most enduring artworks are those that speak to universal human experiences-love,loss,joy,struggle-in ways that (9) with viewers across generations and geographical boundaries. For aspiring artists,the joumey is rarely straightforward.They must learn to (10) the technical aspects of their craft while also developing their personal voice.This process often involves countless hours of practice,numerous failures,and the courage to(11)beyond their comfort zones.The artists who ultimately succeed are those who maintain their vision even when faced with rejection or(12) Art education plays a crucial role in nurturing(13) individuals.Good teachers understand that their role is not to impose a single standard of excellence but to help students discover and develop their unique (14) styles.They encourage experimentation while providing the technical foundation necessary for students to realize their creative(15) Ultimately,art reminds us of our shared humanity.In a world that often emphasizes division and difference,artistic expression offers a space for connection and understanding.Whether through a painter's brush strokes,a musician's melody,or a dancer's movements,art continues to (16) 011 lives and expand our understanding of what it means to be human 用所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 五、写作 Directions:Write an essay of about 150-200 words on the following topic. Throughout history,art has served as a reflection of society,capturing the values,struggles,and aspirations of different eras.In your opinion,what is the most important function of art in contemporary society?Is it to provide aesthetic pleasure,to provoke social change,to preserve cultural memory,or to serve some other purpose? Use specific examples from the world of art(painting,music,literature,film,etc.)to support your argument. 参考答案 一、阅读理解Passage1:1.C2.B3.C4.A Passage2:5.B6.B7.A8.B9.B 1.A,2.A,3.C,4.B,5.A;6.A;7.B8.C,9.C,10.B,11.B,12.D;13.C,14.B,15. 二、完形填空 C 1.She had no formal training in art conservation and her restoration transformed the original painting into a distorted,cartoonish image that bore little resemblance to the original. 2.The restorer's work completely repainted the Virgin Mary's face,dramatically reducing the painting's value from approximately E1.2 million. 3.ICOM recommends that restoration should be minimally invasive,reversible where 三、阅读短文 possible,and documented thoroughly 回答问题 4.DIY restorations continue because professional services are often too expensive or unavailable,especially in smaller communities or developing countries,despite the good intentions of those attempting repairs. 5.Technology can help through digital imaging for microscopic analysis,3D printing for recreating missing elements,and AI algorithms for predicting treatment outcomes, potentially bridging the gap between professional standards and local needs. 1.talent 2.criticized 3.abandon 4.trends 5.stable 6.relationship 7.expressive 8. 四、短文填空barriers9.resonate 10.figure 11.step12.difference/differences13.talented14, expressive 15.aspirations 16.enich 五、写作 范文： The Most Important Function of Art in Contemporary Society In my view,the most important function of art in contemporary society is its capacity to provoke social change and foster empathy.While aesthetic pleasure and cultural preservation remain valuable,today's interconnected world urgently needs art that challenges injustice and builds bridges between diverse communities. Consider the powerful impact of street art by Banksy,whose works highlight issues of refugee rights environmental destruction,and political hypocrisy.His murals are not merely decorative,they force viewers to confront uncomfortable truths about our society.Similarly,films like Parasite by Bong Joon-ho use artistic storytelling to expose class inequality,sparking global conversations about economic justice. Music has also proven its power for social transformation.From Bob Dylan's protest songs during the civil rights movement to contemporary hip-hop addressing racial inequality,musicians have used their platforms to raise awareness and inspire action. Art's unique strength lies in reaching people emotionally rather than rationally.A well-crafted painting or film can make us feel another person's suffering in ways that statistics and arguments cannot.This emotional connection is essential for building the empathy needed to address society's most pressing problems. Therefore,while art serves many important purposes,its greatest contribution to contemporary society remains its ability to open minds,challenge assumptions,and inspire meaningful change.