Unit 1 Nature（A部分）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修二（沪外版）

Unit 1 Nature 教材全解(A部分) creature species replace fountain trick whisper 。单元核心词汇 reward solution theory restore royal former; splendour;disappear particularly native;rare ②单元同步语法 限定性定语从句综合 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.wither /'wroa(r)/v. (使)枯萎，调谢 词形变化：withered(ad.)枯萎的；调谢的 辨析：wither常指植物因缺水或衰老而枯萎；fade指颜色褪去或声音渐弱；shrink 指收缩变小。 搭配：wither away枯菱；消亡；withering look令人难堪的目光 例句：The flowers will wither if you don't water them. 2.replace/'plers/v.(用…)替换；代替；取代 词形变化：replacement(n.)替换；替代品；replaceable(adj.)可替代的 辨析：replace A with B用B代替A;take the place of取代（不强调人为）； substitute for替代（常指临时) 搭配：replace…with.用…代替…；be replaced by被…取代 例句：Robots may replace human workers in many factories.. 3.elaborate/I'labrt/adj.复杂的；详尽的；精心制作的；/'labrert/v.详细阐述 词形变化：elaborately(adv.)精心地；详尽地；elaboration(n.)详细说明 辨析：elaborate强调细节丰富、复杂；complicated强调难以理解；intricate强调错 综复杂 搭配：elaborate plan周密的计划；elaborate on sth.详细说明某事 例句：She gave an elaborate description of the experiment.. 4.trick/trIk/v.欺骗；欺诈n.诡计；把戏；诀窍 词形变化：tricky(adj.)棘手的；狡猾的；trickery(n.)欺骗；诡计 辨析：trick sb.into doing骗某人做某事；cheat常指考试作弊或欺诈；deceive更强 调隐瞒真相 搭配：play a trick on捉弄；trick or treat不给糖就捣蛋；trick sb.out of sth. 骗走某人的某物 例句：He was tricked into giving away his password 5.whisper/'wMsp()/v.耳语；低语；私语n.低语；传闻 词形变化：whispering(n./adj.)低语的/窃窃私语；whisperer(.)低语者；传播秘 密的人 辨析：whisper强调低声说；murmur指嘟囔、咕哝；mutter指抱怨地低声说 搭配：whisper to sb.对某人低语；whisper about私下谈论；in a whisper低声地 例句：She whispered the secret to her best friend,. 6.reward/mwo:d/n.回报；报酬；赏金v.奖励；奖赏 词形变化：rewarding(adj.)有益的；值得做的；rewardless(adj.)无报酬的 辨析：reward指因付出而得到的回报；award指正式颁发的奖项；pize指竞赛奖品 搭配：reward sb.for(doing)sth.因某事奖励某人；in reward for作为…的报酬 例句：Hard work is often rewarded with success. 7.solution /s'lu:n/n.解决办法；处理手段；溶液 词形变化：solve(v.)解决；soluble(adj.)可溶解的；可解决的；solvent(n.)溶 剂 辨析：solution to..…的解决办法；key/answer to..也搭配to 搭配：find a solution to找到…的解决办法；a solution of salt water盐水溶液 例句：We need to find a solution to the pollution problem, 8.heoy/'ri/n.理论；原理；学说 词形变化：theoretical(adj.)理论上的；theoretically(adv.)理论上地；theorize (v.)建立理论 辨析：theory与practice相对；hypothesis假说（未验证） 搭配：in theory理论上；theory of relativity相对论 例句：In theory,the plan sounds perfect,but in practice it is difficult.. 9 restore/I'sto:(r)/v.使复原；使复位；使恢复（某种情况或感受) 词形变化：restoration(n.）修复；恢复；restorative(adj.)有助于恢复的 辨析：restore强调恢复原状；recover指自己恢复健康；renew指更新 搭配：restore.to使…恢复到…；restore confidence恢复信心 例句：The old building was carefully restored to its original beauty. l0.former/'fo:ma(r)/adj.以前的；从前的pron.前者 词形变化：formerly(adv.)以前；原先 辨析：former与latter相对；previous指时间顺序上之前的；previous常指前一任 的 搭配：former president前总统；the former.the latter..前者…后者… 例句：The former headmaster is now retired. ll.disappear/,ds'pI(r)/v.消失；不复存在；灭绝；消亡 词形变化：disappearance(n.）消失；失踪；disappearing(adj.）正在消失的 辨析：disappear指突然或逐渐消失；vanish强调突然完全消失；fade指逐渐变淡 消失 搭配：disappear from从…消失；disappear into消失在…中 例句：Many species are disappearing due to climate change. l2.delicate/'delrkat/adj.易损坏的；易碎的；脆弱的；精致的；微妙的 词形变化：delicately(adv.）精致地；脆弱地；delicacy(m.）精致；微妙；佳肴 辨析：delicate指需要小心处理的；fragile指易碎的：sensitive指敏感的 搭配：delicate balance微妙的平衡；delicate skin娇嫩的皮肤；delicate situation微 妙局势 例句：The delicate ecosystem needs to be protected. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.Without enough water,the plants will (wither)and die 2.The old wooden bridge was (replace)by a new concrete one. 3.Can you (elaborate)on your proposal?It's too brief. 4.The little boy (trick)into giving away his lunch money 5.They spoke in (whisper)so that no one else could hear. 6.The police offered a (reward)for information about the stolen painting. 7.Scientists are working hard to find a (solve)to the energy crisis. 8.In (theory),the experiment should work,but there are many practical problems. 9.The government is trying to (restore)public trust after the scandal. 10.The (former)president returned to his hometown after retirement. 11.The ancient civilization suddenly (disappear)from the historical records. 12.The (delicate)of the situation required careful handling. (二)短文填空 In the rainforest,every 1. plays a role in maintaining the 2. of the ecosystem.When one 3. disappears,the whole system may 4. .For example,certain insects 5. rely on specific plants.If those plants 6. due to climate change,the insects will also 7. .To8. the damaged environment,scientists are trying to 9. lost plants with native ones.This is a 10. process,as the soil condition is often poor.However,if successful,it can be a11. effort for the whole planet.12. this approach could slow down biodiversity loss.The 13. methods often failed because they ignored the complexity of nature.Now,researchers are looking for better 14. Some even suggest using 15. computer models to predict changes. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.wither;2.replaced;3.elaborate;4.was tricked;5.whispers;6.reward; 7.solution;8.theory;9.restore;10.former;11.disappeared;12.delicacy 1.organism;2.balance;3.species;4.be destroyed;5.particularly;6.wither; (二)短文填空 7.disappear;8.restore,9.replace;10.delicate;11.rewarding;12.Theoretically; 13.former;14.solutions;15.elaborate 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，称为定语从句。限定性定语从句(Restrictive Attributive Clause)对先行词起限定、识别的作用，是先行词不可或缺的组成部分。去掉 该从句，句子意思会变得不明确或发生改变。 二、结构 先行词（被修饰的名词/代词）+关系词（引导从句的部分）+从句（不完整的句子） 三、关系词用法详解 1.关系代词（指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语） )hat:既可指人，也可指物。在从句中作主语或宾语。 例：The book that is on the desk is mine.（在桌子上那本书是我的。)（作主语） 例：The man that I met yesterday is a teacher..(我昨天遇到的那个人是位老师。)（作宾 语) )which:指物。在从句中作主语或宾语。 例：The movie which we saw last night was exciting.(我们昨晚看的那部电影很刺激。) (作宾语) )who:指人。在从句中作主语或宾语（口语中常代替whom作宾语)。 例：The scientist who discovered the new element won a prize.(发现新元素的那位科学家 获奖了。)（作主语） )whom:指人。在从句中作宾语（正式用法）。 例：The professor whom I respect deeply gave a speech.(我非常尊敬的那位教授发表了演 讲。)（作宾语） )whose:既可指人，也可指物。在从句中作定语，表示“..的”。 例：The girl whose hair is long is my sister.（那个长头发的女孩是我妹妹。)（指人) 例：The house whose windows are broken is haunted.(那个窗户破了的房子闹鬼。)（指 物) 2.关系副词（在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因） )when:指时间。先行词通常是表示时间的名词（如day,year,time等）。 例：I'll never forget the day when I first came to this school.(我永远不会忘记我第一次来 到这所学校的那一天。)（作时间状语) )where:指地点。先行词通常是表示地点的名词（如place,city,house等)。 例：The factory where my father works is very large.(我父亲工作的那家工厂很大。) (作地点状语) >why:指原因。先行词通常是reason。 例：That is the reason why he was late..(那就是他迟到的原因。)（作原因状语） 四、重点与易错点 1.关系词的选择三步法 〉第一步：确定先行词（是人还是物）。 〉第二步：分析从句结构（从句是否缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语→用关系代词；从句是 否不缺少主干成分，但缺少时间、地点、原因状语→用关系副词)。 〉第三步：根据语法规则选用正确的关系词。 2.that与which的区分 >★只用that的情况： ①先行词为不定代词(all,much,anything,nothing,.everything,little,none等)。 ②先行词被最高级、序数词、the only,.the very,the same,.the last等修饰。 ③先行词既有人又有物。 )★只用which的情况（在限定性定语从句中）： ①关系词前有介词（介词+which)。 ②先行词本身是that。 3.关系代词作宾语可省略 当关系代词（that,which,whom)在从句中作宾语时，在非正式文体中可以省略。 例：The man(whom)you just talked to is our headmaster.(刚刚和你说话的那个人是我们 的校长。) 4.主谓一致 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上须与先行词保持一致。 例：He is the only one of the students who is able to solve this problem.(他是学生们中唯一 能解决这个问题的人。)(the only one作先行词，用单数) 例：He is one of the students who are able to solve this problem.(他是能解决这个问题的学 生们中的一个。)(students作先行词，用复数) 五、本单元高频先行词及例句 impact/influence ()The research has had a significant impact on the field of biotechnology,.which changes our way of thinking.(这项研究对生物技术领域产生了重大 影响，它改变了我们的思维方式。) >tradition/culture(传统/文化)：We should preserve the traditions that make our community unique.(我们应该保护那些让我们社区独一无二的传统。) >exhibition/museum(展览/博物馆)：The exhibition which opened last week attracted thousands of visitors..（上周开幕的那个展览吸引了成千上万的参观者。) >scientist/inventor(科学家/发明家)：The great scientist whose contributions we admire passed away.(我们敬佩其贡献的那位伟大科学家去世了。) >opportunity(机会)：I'm grateful for the opportunity that allows me to study abroad.(我 很感激那个让我出国留学的机会。) >reason(原因)：Do you understand the reason why the experiment failed?(你理解实验 失败的原因吗？) 考点通关 限定性定语从句 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.The museum we visited last summer was built a century ago. A.where B.that C.when D.why 2.Do you know the woman daughter is a famous musician? A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 3.The only reason he gave for his absence was unacceptable. A.why B.that C.which D.where 4.That was the first time I had seen such a moving performance. A.when B.that C.which D.why 5.The scientist,together with his assistants, working on the new project. A.is B.are C.was D.were 6.He has made another wonderful discovery, is of great importance to science. A.which B.that C.who D.what 7.This is the most interesting book I have ever read. A.which B.that C.what D.of which 8.Is there anything I can do for you? A.that B.which C.what D.who 语法专练一：语法填空(10题) 用适当的关系词(that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why)或根据括号内提示填 空。 1.The engineer designed the bridge won a national award. 2.I'll never forget the day I first set foot on this beautiful campus. 3.The factory products are of high quality exports to many countries. 4.He showed me a photo of his family,in front of stood his pet dog. 5.This is the reason he was so upset about the result. 6.The man you spoke to just now is our new manager. 7.I've read all the books were recommended by the teacher. 8.The fast development of technology has changed the way we live and work. 9.This is one of the most famous universities attract students worldwide. 10.The movie is about a true story happened in Shanghai in the 1930s. 语法综合练习 (一)单项选择（10题) 1.The volunteer we met yesterday is from a charity organization. A.which B.what C.whom D.whose 2.I can't remember the exact time the first train leaves. A.which B.when C.that D.where 3.The bookshelf is against the wall is made of wood. A.who B.whom C.which D.where 4.This is the only one of the factories that advanced robots. A.uses B.use C.is using D.are using 5.Is that the reason you are in favor of the proposal? A.which B.what C.why D.that 6.The village I grew up has changed a lot. A.when B.that C.which D.where 7.The old man house we saw is a famous painter. A.who B.whose C.whom D.that 8.She told me everything she knew about the accident. A.which B.that C.what D.who 9.There are many online courses can help you learn a new language. A.who B.which C.when D.where 10.The days we had to rely on paper maps are gone. A.that B.which C.when D.where (二)语法填空（10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I still remember the summer vacation 1. I spent in the countryside.The house 2. (stand)at the foot of a hill was 3. (I)grandparents'.It was a place 4. I could relax and enjoy nature.Every morning,I woke up to the sound of birds. 5 songs were beautiful.The old apple tree,under 6. we often had tea,grew apples 7. we could eat for free.This was the same house 8. my father spent his childhood.It was an experience 9. (leave)a deep impression on me.I think the most unforgettable things are always those 10. connect us with our roots 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.B;5.A;6.A;7.B;8.A 1.who/that 2.when 3.whose 4.which 5.why 6 语法专练一：语法填空 whom/who/that 7.that 8.that/in which 9.that/which 10 that/which 语法综合练习：单项选择 1.C;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.C;6.D;7.B;8.B;9.B;10.C 1.that/which 2.standing 3.my 4.where 5.whose 6. 语法综合练习：语法填空 which 7.that/which ;8.where 9.leaving 10.that A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 The Natural Garden The old gardener,who had tended the garden for over fifty years,believed that every plant in the garden had a purpose,which made the garden a living balance of beauty and function. 结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句 中文：这位老园丁，他照料花园超过五十年，相信花园里每株植物都有其作用，这使 得花园成为美与功能的活平衡。 用法：限定性定语从句对先行词进行必要限制；非限制性定语从句进行补充说明。 Although the storm had destroyed many of the flowers that were in full bloom,the gardener found comfort in the trees whose roots held the soil together and protected the younger plants 结构：A1 though+从句（让步），主句 中文：虽然暴风雨摧毁了许多盛开的花，但园丁在树木中找到了安慰，它们的根紧紧 抓住土壤，保护着幼小的植物。 用法：although意为“虽然…但是….”，不与but连用，可与yet/stilli连用。 The gardener believed that every plant in the garden had a purpose. 结构：主语+谓语+tht+宾语从句（陈述语序） 中文：这位老园丁相信花园里每株植物都有其作用。 用法：tht在宾语从句中无词义，常可省略，从句用陈述语序。 the garden's strength lay in its diversity,a truth that applies to all of nature 结构：名词/名词短语+逗号+同位语（解释说明) 中文：花园的力量在于多样性，这是一条适用于所有自然的真理。 用法：同位语可由名词+定语从句构成，对前一名词作解释说明。 We can create spaces that not only look beautiful but also support the delicate balance of the world around us. 结构：not only+A+but also+B(平行结构) 中文：我们可以创造不仅看起来美丽而且支持周围世界微妙平衡的空间。 用法：连接两个平行结构，强调“不仅…而且…”，not only放在句首时前一分 句需部分倒装。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The gardener, (respect)by the villagers,shared his wisdom. 2.The trees roots held the soil together saved the garden. 3. (although)the storm destroyed many flowers,the deep roots remained. 4.She believes nature should be allowed to follow its own rhythm. 5.This is a truth (apply)to all living things. 6.Not only the garden produce food,but it also attracted birds.(do) 7.The most beautiful moments are which come from harmony. 8.We can create spaces support the delicate balance of nature. 9.The old gardener, the villagers respected,was truly wise. 10.By (learn)to respect the natural order,we can live in harmony. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.这位老园丁，他照料花园超过五十年，相信每个植物都有其作用。 2.虽然暴风雨摧毁了许多盛开的花，但园丁在树木中找到了安慰。 3.大自然，人类常常试图控制它，却在遵循自身节律时最为繁盛。 4.当我们看一座自然花园时，我们看到最美的时刻来自不同元素之间的和谐。 5.那位村民们因其智慧而尊敬的园丁告诉他们，花园的力量在于多样性。 6.花园不仅看起来美丽，也支撑着周围世界的微妙平衡。 7.这条真理适用于所有自然。 8.被允许遵循自然节律时，大自然会繁荣起来。 9.我们应该尊重自然秩序，而不是试图控制它。 10.这些花开得正盛，但暴风雨摧毁了它们。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.respected;2.whose;3.Although;4.that;5.that applies; 6.does;7.those;8.that/which;9.whom;10.learning 1.The old gardener,who had tended the garden for over fifty years,believed that every plant had a purpose.;2.Although the storm had destroyed many of the flowers,the gardener found comfort in the trees.;3.Nature,which humans often try to control,thrives best when it follows its own natural rhythm.; 4.When we look at a natural garden,we see that the most beautiful moments come from harmony between different 练习二：翻译句子 elements.5.The gardener,whom the villagers respected for his wisdom,told them that the garden's strength lay in its diversity.;6.The garden not only looks beautiful but also supports the delicate balance of the world around it.;7.This truth applies to all of nature.8.When allowed to follow its natural rhythm,nature thrives.9.We should respect the natural order instead of trying to control it.;10.These flowers were in full bloom,but the storm destroyed them. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 The concept of'rewilding"has gained significant traction among conservationists in recent years.Unlike traditional conservation,which often focuses on managing and preserving specific species or habitats in a static state,rewilding aims to restore natural processes and ecosystems,allowing them to function with minimal human intervention.This approach often involves reintroducing keystone species-animals that have a disproportionately large effect on their environment relative to their abundance. A prime example is the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park in the United States in 1995.After being absent for nearly 70 years,the wolves'retum triggered a remarkable"trophic cascade." The wolves began to prey on elk,whose overgrazing had severely degraded the park's vegetation.With fewer elk,willow and aspen trees began to recover along riverbanks.This regrowth stabilized the riverbanks,reducing erosion,and provided habitat for beavers,songbirds,and other species.The mere presence of wolves also changed elk behavior,keeping them on the move and preventing them from over-browsing any single area.This single reintroduction effectively reshaped the entire landscape, demonstrating how the loss of a top predator can unravel an ecosystem and its return can help stitch it back together. However,rewilding is not without its critics and complexities.Some argue it is an unrealistic and romanticized view of nature that ignores the deep and lasting impact humans have already had on the planet.They point out that in a world heavily modified by agriculture,urbanization,and climate change, there are few truly"wild"places left to restore to some pre-human baseline.Furthermore,reintroduced species can come into conflict with human interests,such as livestock predation or competition for land. For instance,the reintroduction of the Eurasian lynx to parts of Europe has been met with resistance from farmers concerned about their sheep. Despite these challenges,rewilding offers a powerful,more hopeful narrative for conservation.It shifts the focus from simply preventing loss to actively healing and creating a more resilient,self-sustaining natural world.It acknowledges that nature is not a static museum piece but a dynamic,evolving system. While the debate over its practicality and application continues,the underlying principle-that nature, when given the space and the key components,has a remarkable ability to heal itselfis a compelling one for the 21st century. ()1.What is the primary difference between traditional conservation and rewilding? A.Rewilding focuses on preserving specific species while traditional conservation restores ecosystems. B.Traditional conservation requires more scientific research than rewilding. C.Rewilding aims to restore natural processes with less human management,while traditional conservation is more hands-on. D.Traditional conservation is more effective than rewilding in modern environments. ()2.The Yellowstone wolfreintroduction is described as a"trophic cascade"to show that A.the ecosystem recovered quickly and predictably B.wolves had a direct and powerful impact on nearly all species in the park C.the changes were limited to the wolf-elk relationship D.human intervention was crucial for the wolves'survival ()3.What is a major criticism ofrewilding mentioned in the passage? A.It is too expensive and requires too much land. B.It is an unrealistic ideal in a world heavily altered by humans. C.It does not address the problem of climate change D.Reintroduced species often fail to survive ()4.The author's attitude towards rewilding can best be described as A.strongly critical B.completely opposed C.cautiously optimistic D.entirely indifferent ()5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the core idea of rewilding? A.It views nature as a fragile entity that requires constant protection from humans. B.It believes nature has the inherent ability to recover ifkey elements are restored. C.It argues that all human influence on ecosystems should be reversed immediately. D.It suggests that creating new habitats is more important than restoring old ones. Passage 2 The Amazon rainforest,often called the 'lungs of the Earth,"plays an ireplaceable role in regulating the global climate.Its vast expanse of trees absorbs billions of tons of carbon dioxide each year and releases moisture that helps drive weather patterns across South America and beyond.However,this vital ecosystem is nearing a critical and potentially irreversible tipping point,largely driven by deforestation. For decades,deforestation in the Amazon was primarily linked to large-scale cattle ranching.However, the drivers have become more complex.The rapid expansion of soybean farming for global animal feed and biofuel production,combined with illegal logging and mining,has accelerated forest loss.New roads are pushed deep into the forest,fragmenting habitats and opening up previously remote areas to further destruction.The consequences are not just local.The forest's ability to generate its own rainfall is being compromised.Scientists wam that if deforestation reaches a certain threshold,the forest's hydrological cycle could collapse,transforming large swaths of the Amazon from a lush rainforest into a dry,savanna- like ecosystem.This process,known as"savannization,"would release massive amounts of stored carbon into the atmosphere,accelerating global warming. The implications of this tipping point are catastrophic.The Amazon is home to an estimated 10%of the world's known biodiversity.A shift to savanna would cause the extinction of countless species that cannot adapt to a drier climate.The loss of the forest's cooling effect would alter rainfall patterns not only in South America but also in North America and even parts ofasia,potentially leading to more intense droughts and floods.For the indigenous peoples who have lived in the forest for millennia,their way of life,cultures,and survival are directly threatened. The fight to save the Amazon is a race against time.While international pressure and government policies have led to some periods of reduced deforestation,the underlying economic pressures remain intense. Conservation efforts increasingly focus on promoting sustainable development,such as rubber tapping and Brazil nut harvesting,which provide economic value for keeping the forest standing.The ultimate fate of the Amazon will depend on a complex interplay of political will,economic incentives,and global consumer choices.The decisions made in the coming years will determine whether the lungs of the Earth'can continue to breathe. ()1.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A.To explain why the Amazon is called the "lungs of the Earth." B.To describe the process of savannization. C.To highlight the critical state and importance of the Amazon rainforest. D.To list the main causes of deforestation in the Amazon. ()2.What does the term"savannization'"in paragraph 2 primarily refer to? A.The process of the Amazon being deliberately tumned into farmland. B.The irreversible transformation of the rainforest into a drier,grassland-like ecosystem. C.The natural expansion of the savanna into the Amazon basin. D.The decline in species diversity due to climate change. ()3.What is the most significant global impact of the Amazon reaching its tipping point? A.A decline in the production of rubber and Brazil nuts B.The extinction of all plant species in the region. C.The release of massive amounts of carbon,worsening climate change D.The displacement ofindigenous populations. ()4.According to the passage,what does the fight to save the Amazon ultimately depend on? A.A single,simple solution that can be quickly implemented. B.A combination of political action,economic strategy,and consumer habits. C.The complete halt of all economic activity within the region. D.The success of international conservation groups alone. ()5.What can be inferred from the text about the relationship between the Amazon's health and global weather? A.The Amazon's condition has little effect on weather patterns outside of South America. B.The Amazon's hydrological cycle is a key factor in stabilizing global climate systems. C.Global weather patterns are more influenced by the ocean than by the Amazon. D.Savannization would only affect the local area around the Amazon. 二、完形填空 For decades,the village of Greenfield had coexisted peacefully with the forest that bordered it.The forest provided clean air,offered (1) from the summer heat,and was a source of wonder for the children.But recently,a (2) change had begun to wony the villagers.The stream that ran through the village,once clear and lively,was now (3)and shallow.Birdsong,once a constant chorus,had grown quiet. Old Thomas,the village's most experienced gardener,was the first to understand the cause.He(4) the forest daily and had noticed a slow but steady (5) ."The elder trees,those whose roots hold the soil together,are (6) ,"he told the village council one evening."Their leaves are (7) and falling before the autumn arives.The younger trees,which need the shade of the elders,are (8) 33 His diagnosis was confirmed by a visiting ecologist.She explained that a new,aggressive species of beetle,canried in by the wind from a distant,warming region,was killing the elder trees."The forest is a (9) system,"she told the gathered villagers."Every organism,from the tallest tree to the smallest insect,plays a role.When one key part is(10) the whole system begins to fall apart. The forest is not just a collection of trees;it's a web of life." The village council debated for weeks.Some (11) the use of powerful pesticides to kill the beetles.Others argued for replacing the dying trees with non-native,beetle-resistant ones.But Thomas proposed a different(12) ."We should not try to (13) nature's intricate plan with a human-made one,"he said."Instead,we should (14) it.Let us clear a path around the dying trees to allow sunlight to reach the forest floor.Let the seeds of the forest,which have lain dormant for years,have their chance.Nature knows how to (15) itself we just need to give it the space to do so." 1.A.escape B.shelter C.relief D.noise 2.A.subtle B.sudden C.temporaly D.violent 3.A.deep B.muddy C.frozen D.sweet 4.A.passed B.patrolled C.wandered D.guarded 5.A.decline B.improvement C.growth D.change 6.A.flourishing B.recovering C.dying D.swaying 7.A.growing B.spreading C.budding D.withering 8.A.thriving B.struggling C.adapting D.disappearing 9.A.simple B.robust C.artificial D.delicate 10.A.removed B.ignored C.discovered D.strengthened 11.A.opposed B.favored C.questioned D.banned 12.A.solution B.reason C.plan D.concept 13.A.study B.follow C.replace D.restore 14.A.trust B.control C.imitate D.resist 15.A.heal B.destroy C.defend D.disguise 三、阅读短文回答问题 Answer the following questions in complete sentences based on the passage. For as long as humans have lived along its banks,the Yangtze River has been a source of life,sustenance, and inspiration.But by the late 20th century,the river was in a state of crisis.Rapid industrial growth, expanding agriculture,and a booming population had taken a heavy toll.Pollution was rampant vast stretches of the river were classified as unsafe for drinking or swimming.The famous Chinese river dolphin,the baiji,was declared functionally extinct after a dedicated search failed to find any living individuals.The ecosystem of the world's third-longest river was on the verge of collapse. The response from the Chinese goverment was unprecedented.A massive,multi-faceted campaign was launched to restore the health of the Yangtze.The cornerstone of this effort was the "10-year fishing ban," which came into full effect in 2021.This historic moratorium on all commercial fishing in the river's key tributaries and its main body was aimed at giving fish populations a chance to recover from decades of overfishing.It was a difficult decision,displacing hundreds of thousands of fishermen who had to be retrained for new livelihoods,but it was seen as a necessary sacrifice for the long-term health of the river. In addition to the fishing ban,a series of other measures were put in place.Polluting factories were closed or forced to upgrade their waste-treatment systems.Massive reforestation projects were initiated along the river's banks to reduce soil erosion.Water-discharge standards were tightened across the entire basin,and a sophisticated network of water-quality monitoring stations was established to track progress in real-time. Wetlands were restored,creating buffer zones that naturally filter pollutants and provide critical habitat for migratory birds. The results have been encouraging,though the river's full recovery is a long-term project.Water quality has improved markedly in many sections.Several fish species,including the Chinese sturgeon,have shown signs of spawning naturally,indicating a recovering food web.The number of water birds wintering in the river's wetlands has increased.The efforts to save the Yangtze represent one of the most ambitious and large-scale ecological restoration projects ever attempted.Its success serves as a powerful -and ongoing-lesson in the challenging but vital task of balancing human needs with the health of the natural world. 1.What was the immediate consequence of the industrial growth and population increase along the Yangtze River by the late 20th century? 2.What was the main purpose of the "10-year fishing ban'? 3.Besides the fishing ban,name two other specific measures taken to restore the Yangtze River. 4.How do scientists know that the river ecosystem is beginning to recover? 5.What does the author suggest is the most important lesson to be learned from the Yangtze River restoration project? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the heart of an ancient forest,a young ecologist named Lin was studying the long-term effects of a recent wildfire.The fire,though destructive,was a natural part of the forest's cycle.She was particularly focused on a rare species of orchid that only blooms after a fire,its delicate lifecycle a perfect example of nature's adaptability However,Lin noticed a troubling sign.The seeds of the orchid were being eaten by a(1) (migrate)bird species that had never been seen in the forest before,likely driven south by the warming climate.This new(2) (threaten)could prevent the orchid from (3) (reproduce). "Nature's balance is more (4) (delicacy)than we thought,"she murmured,observing the birds at work. She knew that a simple(5) (solve),like removing the birds,would be impossible and could(6) (wither)other parts of the ecosystem.Instead,she and her team planned to collect some orchid seeds for a seed bank,a(7)(replace)habitat created in the lab.It was a practical,ifnot perfect, (⑧) (respond)to the problem.Lin was also looking at(9) (theory)models to see how a small intervention,like planting a few fast-growing shrubs,could(10) (restore)the microclimate that the orchids need. The (11) (former)forests,before the fire,had a thick canopy that provided shade.Now,the open landscape was vulnerable.This was a stark reminder that the(12) (disappear)of even a small species can signal a larger ecosystem failure.The challenge was to find a way to (13) (reward)the forest's resilience while helping it adapt to the new,changing climate.It was a task that required not only scientific knowledge but also a great deal of patience and wisdom. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 五、写作 题目： 假设你是李华，你所在的社区有一个小型公园，但公园里的植物种类单一，生态状况正在变 差。请你给社区委员会写一封倡议信，提出一个“微自然修复计划”(Mico-Nature Restoration Pla),简单描述当前问题，并提出至少两条具体的改造建议（如增加本地植物、放置昆虫小屋 等)及其理由。信中必须使用本单元所学的至少三个重点词汇(wither,.restore,delicate,.solution,. replace等)。 词数：100-120词。 要求： 1.包含倡议信的基本格式（称呼、正文、落款）。 2.逻辑清晰，语言得体。 3.在文中划出（或标注）你使用的三个重点词汇，并说明其使用了哪种变形（如动词原形/过去 式/名词等)。 Dear Community Committee, Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考答案 Passage 1:1.C2.B 3.B4.C 5.B 阅读理解 Passage 2:1.C2.B 3.C4.B 5.B 1.B,2.A,3.B,4.C,5.A;6.C;7.D,8.B,9.D;10.A,11.B;12.A,13.C,14.A,15 二、完形填空 y 三、阅读短文l.The river was heavily polluted,,and the Chinese river dolphin(baiji)was declared 回答问题 functionally extinct. 2.The main purpose was to allow fish populations to recover from decades of overfishing. 3.(Any two of the following):Polluting factories were closed/upgraded;massive reforestation projects were initiated;water-discharge standards were tightened;wetlands were restored. 4.Water quality has improved,several fish species (like the Chinese sturgeon)are showing signs of spawning naturally,the number of water birds has increased. 5.The most important lesson is that it is a challenging but vital task to balance human needs with the health of the natural world. 1.migratory(形容词修饰bird) 2.thu'eat(名词，作主语) 3.1 eproducing(介宾结构，from doing) 4.delicate(形容词作表语) 5.solution(名词，作主语) 6.wither(情态动词后加动词原形) 四、短文填空7.replacement(名词作定语，修饰habitat) 8.1 esponse(名词，作表语) 9.theoretical(形容词修饰models) 10.restore(情态动词后加动词原形) 1l.former(形容词修饰forests) 12.disappearance(名词作主语) l3.eward(动词不定式，todo) 五、写作 范文： Dear Community Committee, I am writing to express my concern about the small park in our community.The plant life is becoming monotone,and the ecosystem seems to be in decline.Many flowers are starting to wither (v.)due to the poor soil. To restore (v.)its natural beauty,I propose a "Micro-Nature Restoration Plan."Firstly,we should replace (v.)some of the dying,non-native plants with local wildflowers and shrubs.These are better suited to our climate and will attract more bees and butterflies.Secondly,we could install a small insect hotel to provide shelter for beneficial bugs,which will help pollinate the plants A healthier park will be a more relaxing space for everyone.I hope you will consider my suggestions. Yours sincerely, LiHua