Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson（2）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修一（北师大版）

Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 教材全解(2) boxing bounce belt announcement defence ⊙单元核心词汇 audience remind bite prohibit case annual application warm-up quit halfway tip occupy disappointment amazingly 。单元同步语法 不定代词 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.bounce/bauns/vi.&vt.(使)弹起，（使）反弹 词形变化：bouncy(adj.）有弹性的；bouncing(adj.)强健的；活跃的 辨析：bounce指物体撞击表面后弹回；rebound多用于篮球中的“篮板球”，且常 引申为“反弹回升” 搭配：bounce back恢复；反弹；bounce sth.off sb.向某人试探某想法 例句： The ball bounced over the wall. She bounced the baby on her knee to make him laugh. 2.emind'maind/vt.使（某人）想起；提醒 词形变化：reminder(n.)提醒物；提示；remindful(adj.)提醒的；留意的 辨析：remind sb..of sth.使想起；remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事；区别于 recall(回忆，主动想起) 搭配：remind sb.about sth.就某事提醒某人；need no reminder无需提醒 例句： The photo reminded me of my childhood. Please remind me to post the letter. 3.prohibit/pre'hrbit/,vt.禁止 词形变化：prohibition(n.)禁止；禁令；prohibitive(adj.)禁止的；令人望而却步 的 辨析：prohibit比forbid更正式，常用于法律、规章；forbid更口语化；ban常指官方明 令禁止 搭配：prohibit sb..from doing sth..禁止某人做某事；strictly prohibited严禁： prohibit the sale of禁止销售… 例句： Smoking is prohibited in this area. The new rule prohibits students from using phones in class. 4.annual/anjuel/adj.一年一度的；每年的n.年刊；年鉴 词形变化：annually(adv.)每年地；biannual(adj.）一年两次的 辨析：yearly-与annuali可互换，但annual更正式；perennial指“多年的；长久的” 搭配：annual meeting年会；annual report年度报告；annual event年度活动 例句： The school holds an annual sports meet. The company publishes its annual report in March. 5.application/,eplr'keIfn/n.申请；申请书；应用 词形变化：apply(w.)申请；应用；applicant(.)申请人；applicable(adj.)适用 的 辨析：application表“申请”时搭配for;表“应用”时搭配of;注意区别registration (登记，注册) 搭配：application form申请表；make an application提出申请；application of technology技术应用 例句： He filled in the application for the job The application of new science has changed our life 6.occupy/'pkjupa/vt.占用；占去（时间）；占据（空间）；使忙于 词形变化：occupation(n.)职业；占据；occupied(adj.)被占用的；忙于的 辨析：occupy强调占据空间/时间；take up多用于“占用时间”；engage in指“从 事” 搭配：be occupied with/in doing sth.忙于做某事；occupy one'smind占据某人的 心思；occupy a position担任职位 例句： The big table occupies too much space. She occupied herself with reading all afternoon. 7.disappointment/dse'poIntment/n.失望；扫兴；沮丧 词形变化：disappoint(w.)使失望；disappointed(adj.)失望的；disappointing (adi.)令人失望的 辨析：disappointment指情绪；failure指“失败的人/事”；letdown口语中的“失望” 搭配：to one's disappointment令某人失望的是；a great disappointment极大的失 望；express disappointment表达失望 例句： To his disappointment,he didn't win the prize. The result was a disappointment to the whole team 8.amazingly/'merzinli/adv.惊人地；了不起地 词形变化：amaze(w.）使惊奇；amazing(adj.)令人惊奇的；amazement(m.)惊奇 辨析：amazingly多用于正面“令人赞叹”；surprisingly中性或略带负面； astonishingly语气更强 搭配：amazingly fast快得惊人；amazingly enough令人惊奇的是 例句： Amazingly,he finished the marathon in under two hours. The team played amazingly well. 9.quit /kwrt//vi.&vt.停止（做某事）；辞职 词形变化：quitter(n.)半途而废的人；quitting(动名词) 辨析：quit后常跟动名词，表示“停止做某事”；stop doing/sth.更通用；give up后 接名词/动名词 搭配：quit smoking戒烟；quit school退学；quit one'sjob辞职；quit doing sth, 停止做某事 例句： He decided to quit the team because of injury. I can't quit worrying about the exam. l0.halfway/,ha:f'wer/adv.半途地；中途adj.中途的 词形变化：无常见变形；可拆为half+way 辨析：midway-与halfway同义，但midway可作名词“中途”；halfway强调路程或进 度的50% 搭配：halfway through在…进行到一半时；meet sb.halfway迁就某人；折中 例句： She gave up halfway through the race. We were halfway to the airport when the car broke down l1.tpp/n.建议；忠告；窍门；尖端；小费vt.给小费；倾斜 词形变化：tipping(./adj,);tipper(血.）给小费者 辨析：tp作“建议”时与advicel同义，但tip更具体、实用；hint指“暗示”；tick指 “技巧” 搭配：tip on/for(doing)sth.…方面的建议；handy tip实用小窍门；tip off向…透 露消息；泄密 例句： Here are some tips on how to improve your memory. He gave the waiter a generous tip. l2.defence/d'fens/n.防守队员；后卫；防御；辩护 词形变化：defend(v.)防御；辩护；defensive(adi.)防御的；defender (n.)防御 者；后卫 辨析：英式拼写defence,美式defense;offence为“进攻”，相对概念 搭配：in defence of为了保护.；defence lawyer辩护律师；play defence打防守； a strong defence坚固的防线 例句： The team's defence played a key role in the victory. He spoke in defence of his decision 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The ball (bounce)off the wall and hit the window. 2.The teacher reminded us (hand)in the homework on time. 3.Visitors are prohibited taking photos inside the museum. 4.The school will hold its (annual)sports meeting next month. 5.Please fill in this (apply)form if you want to join the club. 6.All her time was (occupy)with caring for her sick mother. 7.To his great (disappoint),the concert was cancelled. 8 (amazing),the little boy solved the maths problem in seconds. 9.His father advised him to quit (play)computer games. 10.He stopped (half)through the race because of a stomachache. 11.Can you give me some (tip)on how to learn English well? 12.The (defend)player blocked the shot successfully. (二)短文填空 Are you thinking about signing up for a sports camp?Here are some useful 1. for you.First,you should understand that 2. events require early preparation. Don't 3. 4. through-it's a waste of your effort.During training, the coach will 5. you of the basic rules.For example,rough pushing is 6 in most games.Remember to warm up properly;it will help your muscles 7. back quickly.If you plan to stay in a dormitory,it may 8. a lot of your free time.But you will gain 9. progress.Even if you suffer 10. at first,stick to it and you will become a stronger player. 参考答案 1.bounced;2.to hand;3.from;4.annual;5.application;6.occupied; (一)单句填空 7.disappointment;8.Amazingly;9.playing;10.halfway;11.tips;12.defence (二)短文填空 1.tips;2.annual;3.quit;4.halfway;5.remind;6.prohibited;7.bounce;8.occupy; 9.amazing;10.disappointment 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 不定代词 不定代词 项目 内容 不定代词是指代不特定的人或物的代词，不指明具体对象。在句中可作主 定义 语、宾语、定语等。 普通不定代词：some、any、no、evey。用法：①some用于肯定句， any用于否定/疑问句；②no=not any;③evey强调“每一个”。复 合不定代词：someone/,somebody、anyone/anybody、no one/nobody、 everyone/everybody;something、anything、nothing、everything。用 法：①作主语时谓语用单数；②形容词修饰时后置，如something important;③anyone/anybody可用于肯定句表“任何人”。指两者： 分类与核心用 both、either、neither。.用法：①both谓语用复数；②either谓语用单 法 数；③neither谓语用单数。指多者：al、none、evey。用法：①all 指三者以上“全部”，谓语用复数（指人）或单数（指物）；②none指 “没有一个”，谓语可用单/复数；③evey只作定语。其他：each、 other、another、others。用法：①each强调个体，可作主语/定语/同位 语；②another指“另一个”；③other指“其他”，后接复数；④ others泛指他人/物。 l.复合不定代词作主语→谓语用单数：Everyone is here.. 2.形容词后置→Is there anything interesting? 3.some用于疑问句→表示请求或邀请：Would you like some tea? 高考高频考点 4.any用于肯定句一表示“任何”：Any student can do it. 5.both/all/neither/none的否定→Neither of them is right./None of the answers are correct. 6.other/another辨析→I have two apples..One is red,the other is green.This apple is bad.I want another one nothing与anything在否定句中的区别：I have nothing to say=Idon't have anything to say. everyone与every one:everyone指“每个人”，不可接of;every one 常见易错点 可接of,指“每一人/物”。 none与no one:none可指人或物，no one只指人，且不能接of短 语。 考点通关 不定代词 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.Would you like coffee? A.some B.any C.no D.every 2.I have two brothers. of them are teachers. A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.A11 3.There is wrong with my phone.It works well. A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 4.We asked three people,but could tell us the way. A.both B.all C.none D.either 5.I don't like this dress.Can you show me one? A.other B.the other C.another D.others 6. can achieve his dream if he never gives up. A.Someone B.Anyone C.No one D.Everyone 7.How many students are there in the classroom? They are all on the playground. A.No one B.None C.Nothing D.Neither 8.The little girl is shy.She knows in the new school. A.everyone B.nobody C.somebody D.anybody 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.There are interesting clubs in our school. 2.Every student can join they like. 3. of them are attractive. 4.I can draw well, I also love singing. 5.c can sing as well as you." 6.I want to try different. 7."You should choose one if you don't like the first." 8. is possible if you work hard. 9.I believe of us has a talent. 10.Don't be afraid to make mistakes- is perfect. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.A;3.D;4.C;5.C;6.B;7.B;8.B 1.some;2.anything;3.Both;4.but;5.Nobody; 语法专练二：语法填空 6.something;7.another;8.Everything;9.every one;10.no one 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 跑步问答 1.Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. 结构：Ving形式+谓语动词 中文：跑步能帮助你保持健康并预防疾病。 用法：表示一件事情/一个行为在句中作主语，动词原形不能直接作主语。单个动名 词作主语：谓语动词用单数。两个及以上动名词并列作主语：谓语动词用复数。 2.Any exercise is better than none. 结构：主语+be动词+比较级+than+比较对象 中文：任何运动都比没有运动好。 用法：比较级用于两者之间的对比，形容词/副词加-er或前面加more。than后面 接比较的对象（名词、代词或从句）。 注意：better是good/wel的比较级。 3.Anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. 结构：主句+o+动词原形（表示目的） 中文：心情不好的人可以去跑步来振奋精神。 用法：不定式(todo)在句中作状语，说明行为的目的。可以放在句首（更正式)或 句末。相当于in order to/so as too 4.It is important to warm up and cool down properly so you do not hurt yourself. 结构：主句+so(that)+从句（常含can/could/will/would) 中文：适当热身和放松很重要，这样你就不会受伤。 用法：含义：为了…，以便…，引导目的状语从句。口语中that可省略。 注意：易混辨析：so that后接句子；in order to后接动词原形。 5.Anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. 结构：先行词+wo+从句(who指人，在从句中作主语) 中文：心情不好的人可以去跑步来振奋精神。 用法：who引导定语从句，修饰表示人的先行词。who在从句中作主语时，从句谓语 动词与先行词保持一致。 注意：不能用which指人。 6.A warm-up gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise. 结构：动词+宾语+动词-ing(表示宾语正在进行的动作) 中文：热身能让你的血液循环加快，并运动前准备身体。 用法：常见动词：get,keep,see,hear,feel,find等。宾语与v-ing在逻辑上是主谓关 系。 7.It is important to warm up and cool down properly. 结构：Itis+形容词+(for sb.)+不定式 中文：适当热身和放松是很重要的。 用法：it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。常见形容词：important,,necessary, easy,difficult,.possible等。加for sb.表示“对某人来说”。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1 (cycle)is a popular sport among young people. 2.This pair of shoes is (good)than that one 3.He left early (catch)the train. 4.I will keep (work)until I finish it. 5.You should warm up before you run (so that)you won't hurt yourself. 6.The girl (sit)over there is my sister. 7.It is easy (learn)English if you practice every day. 8.They cheered (them)up after losing the game 9.A good breakfast (get)your body ready for the day. 10. (do)exercise every day is good for your health 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.跑步对初学者来说是一项很好的运动。 2.任何运动都比没有运动好。 3. 他经常跑步来保持健康。 4.我们热身是为了不受伤。 5.心情不好的人可以去跑步来振奋精神。 6.这个热身动作能让你血液循环加快。 7.运动后放松身体是很重要的。 8.坚持住！你做得很好。 9.跑步可以增强免疫系统。 10.每天锻炼的学生通常更强壮。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.Cycling ;2.better ;3.to catch 4.working 5.so that 6.sitting 7.to learn ;8.themselves ;9.gets 10.Doing 练习二：翻译句子 1.Running is a great sport for beginners.2.Any exercise is better than none.3.He often runs to keep healthy to stay fit.;4.We warm up so that we don't hurt ourselves.5.People who are feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.6.This warm-up gets your blood flowing faster.7.It is important to cool down your body after exercise.;8.Keep it up!You are doing well.;9.Running strengthens your immune system.10.Students who exercise every day are usually stronger. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 The concept of Tunner's high"-that euphoric feeling some athletes get after a long run-has long been a subject of debate among scientists.For years,the dominant theory was that the brain's own morphine-like substances,called endorphins,were responsible.It was believed that physical exertion caused the release ofendorphins,which then attached to opiate receptors in the brain,reducing pain and generating a feeling of well-being.This made intuitive sense,as endorphins are known to be released in response to stress or pain,and running is certainly a stressful physical activity. However,a more recent and compelling hypothesis has emerged,challenging the endorphin theory.The problem with the endorphin theory is that endorphins are too large to cross the blood-brain barier effectively,meaning they likely cannot enter the brain in sufficient quantities to produce the euphoric effects attributed to "unner's high."Instead,scientists now suggest that endocannabinoids-naturally produced chemicals that are similar to the active compound in marijuana,THC-are the key players Unlike endorphins,endocannabinoids are small enough to pass through the blood-brain barier without difficulty.When a person runs or engages in other forms of sustained,moderate-to-vigorous exercise,the body produces more of these molecules.Once in the brain,they bind to cannabinoid receptors,which are involved in regulating mood,appetite,pain sensation,and memory.This binding action is what produces the feelings of calm,reduced anxiety,and mild euphoria often reported by long-distance runners. A landmark study from Germany in 2015 provided strong evidence for this.Researchers took blood samples from runners both before and after a two-hour run.They measured levels of both endorphins and endocannabinoids.The results were striking:while endorphin levels increased only slightly, endocannabinoid levels increased significantly-in some cases,by over 100 percent.Furthermore,the runners reported feeling more euphoric and less anxious after the run,a state that comrelated much more closely with the surge in endocannabinoids than with endorphins. This doesn't mean that the endorphin theory is completely wrong.Endorphins do play a role in dilating blood vessels and reducing the perception of pain during exercise,which is why you might feel less discomfort during a run.However,for the specific,mood-altering "high"that motivates many to keep pounding the pavement,science now points to the quiet,potent influence of the endocannabinoid system. So,the next time you feel that blissful calm after a long run,you might be experiencing a gentle buzz from nature's own version of cannabis. ()1.What was the traditional scientific explanation for "unner's high'? A.The body produces a chemical similar to marijuana. B.The brain releases a substance that makes the runner feel good. C.The runner's muscle pain triggers a positive emotional response D.The lack of oxygen to the brain causes a state of confusion. ()2.Why did scientists begin to question the endorphin theory? A.Endorphins are not produced during short runs. B.Endorphins cannot easily reach the brain from the bloodstream. C.The level of endorphins in the blood was too low to measure. D.Endorphins are primarily associated with pain,not pleasure. ()3.The word"euphoric"in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to: A.intensely happy. B.extremely tired. C.slightly dizzy. D.incredibly focused. ()4.What is the main finding of the 2015 German study mentioned in the passage? A.Runners who feel a"high"have more endorphins. B.Endocannabinoids are more effective than painkillers for runners. C.A significant increase in a chemical comrelated with the feeling of high". D.The longer the run,the higher the level ofendorphins. ()5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the role of endorphins? A.They are the primary cause of the euphoric feeling B.They are used by the body to treat muscle injuries. C.They help make exercise more comfortable D.They are completely replaced by endocannabinoids Passage 2 For the uninitiated,it might seem like a peculiar or even dishonest practice."Tanking'in professional sports refers to the deliberate act of losing games in order to secure a higher draft pick for the following season.The logic is rooted in the league's design:the worst-performing teams are given the first choice of the best new players entering the league.If a team believes it cannot compete for a championship in the current season,its management might reason that losing is more beneficial in the long run than winning just enough to miss the playoffs and get a mediocre draft selection. The strategy is controversial,to say the least.For fans,it is a betrayal of the fundamental spirit of competition.They pay for tickets,invest their emotions,and expect their team to try its best to win every single game.When a team appears to be fielding a weaker lineup or making questionable coaching decisions that lead to losses,it breeds cynicism and anger.It undermines the integrity of the game,turning contests into a race to the bottom. However,from a purely business and strategic perspective,tanking can be a rational,if ruthless,decision A franchise in "purgatory"-too good for a top draft pick but too bad to win a championship-can be stuck in mediocrity for years.A top draft pick,like a LeBron James or a Tim Duncan,can single- handedly transform a franchise's fortunes.For a team without any other clear path to superstardom,the potential payoff of a three-year rebuilding plan centered around a high draft pick can be enormous.It is a calculated bet on the future. The ethical implications are further complicated by the players and coaches,whose careers depend on performance.A player playing for a new contract has no incentive to lose;their future eamnings are tied to their statistics and their team's wins.A coach's job security is directly related to their win-loss record.The decision to tank is almost always made at the front office level,by general managers and owners,who may instruct the coach to rest star players or experiment with young,inexperienced athletes.This creates a rift between the short-term goals of the players and the long-term strategy of the organization. Ultimately,the effectiveness of tanking is a matter of debate.There is no guarantee that a top pick will become a superstar,and a culture of losing can be difficult to reverse.The Philadelphia 76ers'famous "Process"-a multi-year,intentional tanking strategy-resulted in several seasons of abysmal records and a loyal but frustrated fanbase,before it eventually yielded a talented core of players.Whether the success was worth the years ofhumiliation is a question that each fan and franchise must answer for themselves.The debate over tanking highlights a fundamental tension in sports:the conflict between the desire to win every game and the strategic planning required to build a lasting champion. ()1.What is the primary goal of"tanking"in professional sports? A.To give fans a more exciting experience. B.To save money on player salaries. C.To get the best chance at a promising new player. D.To develop the skills of the team's second-string players. ()2.According to the passage,which group is most likely to be opposed to the practice of tanking? A.The team's general manager B.The team's fans. C.The team's owners. D.The team's future draft picks. ()3.The phrase"a race to the bottom"in paragraph 2 suggests that tanking causes teams to: A.compete to see who can improve the fastest B.try to lose more games than other teams C.race to be the last team in the league standings. D.spend the least amount of money on their roster. ()4.What conflict does tanking create,according to the passage? A.Between the older players and the younger players on the team. B.Between the fans'desire for a championship and the players'desire for money. C.Between the long-term goals of management and the short-term goals of players D.Between the need to win now and the need to build a strong defense ()5.What can be inferred about the Philadelphia 76ers'"Process'? A.It was a complete failure with no positive results B.It showed that tanking is the only way to succeed C.It was a successful strategy,but came at a significant cost. D.It is a model that all other teams should follow without hesitation. 二、完形填空 Michelle was a naturally gifted athlete,but her relationship with sports was complicated.She loved the feeling ofher feet 1. the pavement during a long run,the rhythm a meditation.Yet,she was plagued by a fear of2 In every race,she would start strong,but the moment she felt 3 her mind would betray her."You're not good enough,"a voice would whisper."Everyone is 4. to pass you.It's 5. to quit now."And so,more often than not,she would slow to a jog,then a walk,and finally step off the track,a wave of 6. washing over her. Her coach,a man named Mr.Garcia,saw her potential but also recognized her inner conflict.One day, after she had dropped out of a 5K race halfway,he didn't offer comfort.Instead,he gave her a challenge. "Tomorrow,"he said,"I want you to go to the track.You are going to run one mile.No more,no less.But 7. this:you are not allowed to stop.Not for a second.I don't care how 8. you go. Just keep moving.” The next day,Michelle felt a familiar knot of dread in her stomach.She started running.At the quarter- mile mark,the voice began."This is hard."At the half-mile mark,it grew louder."You're going to fail 9. ."But she remembered Mr.Garcia's instruction.She didn't look at her pace.She just focused on putting one foot in front of the other.When she finally stopped,gasping for air,she had done it.It wasn't fast,but she hadn't quit.She had 10. back from the urge to give up. 11. this initial success didn't erase all her fears.The next race presented a new hurdle.She was in third place with only a few hundred meters to go.The familiar panic 12..Her legs felt heavy,and doubt crept in.But this time,instead ofgiving in,she used the feeling.She told herself,"This is where I 13. to be."She didn't ty to block out the pain;,she 14. it as a signal that she was pushing her limits.She found a reserve of strength she didn't know she had and sprinted to the finish line,not for a medal,but for the victory over her own mind.It was not a 15 ofspeed, but a triumph of spirit. 1.A.bouncing B.hitting C.carrying D.breaking 2.A.success B.failure C.injury D.boredom 3.A.excited B.confident C.exhausted D.arrogant 4.A.about B.able C.eager D.likely 5.A.easier B.smarter C.harder D.luckier 6.A.amazement B.pride C.disappointment D.relief 7.A.promise B.guarantee C.remember D.imagine 8.A.fast B.far C.slow D.well 9.A.as usual B.in fact C.on purpose D.at last 10.A.bounced B.held C.kept D.fought 11.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Otherwise 12.A.remained B.disappeared C.returned D.weakened 13.A.want B.happen C.need D.pretend 14.A.accepted B.ignored C.enjoyed D.questioned 15.A.lack B.matter C.sign D.victory 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. In the world ofelite sports,the margins between victory and defeat are often measured in hundredths of a second.But what separates a champion from a contender is frequently not just physical prowess,but an invisible force:mental toughness.Dr.Jim Loehr,a performance psychologist who has worked with top athletes across numerous sports,defines mental toughness as the ability to perform to one's potential consistently,regardless of the circumstances.It is not about being emotionless or robotic,rather,it is about managing one's emotions,thoughts,and behaviors to stay focused on the task at hand. The concept is comprised of several key components.The first is self-belief an unshakeable confidence in one's ability to achieve goals.This is not mere arrogance,but a deep-seated conviction forged through hard work and past successes.The second is motivation.Mentally tough athletes are intinsically driven, they possess a buming desire to improve and a passion for their sport that transcends external rewards like money or fame.A third pillar is focus.This involves the ability to block out distractions-be it a hostile crowd,a previous bad play,or the pressure of the moment-and zero in on the process of execution,not the outcome. Resilience,or the ability to bounce back from setbacks,is perhaps the most visible sign of mental toughness.Every athlete faces failure:missed shots,lost games,and crushing injuries.The mentally tough do not dwell on these disappointments.They view them as valuable feedback,leaming opportunities that make them stronger.They are able to quickly reframe a loss as a lesson,a mistake as a part of the joumney. This is closely tied to the concept of composure under pressure."In high-stakes situations,some athletes choke,their heart races,their thinking gets cloudy,and their performance declines.A mentally tough athlete,on the other hand,actually thrives on this pressure.They interpret the adrenaline rush not as a sign of anxiety,but as a signal that they are ready to perform. Fortunately,mental toughness is not a fixed trait one is born with.It can be developed and strengthened like a muscle through deliberate practice.Techniques such as visualization,goal-setting,positive self-talk and controlled breathing are all tools that can help an athlete cultivate this vital skill.By learning to control their inner world,athletes can unlock their full physical potential and find a competitive edge that goes far beyond raw talent.Ultimately,the battle for victory is often won and lost long before the starting gun is fired,within the quiet,unyielding arena of the mind. 1.According to Dr.Jim Loehr,what is the core definition of mental toughness? 2.What is the difference between the"self-belief'of a mentally tough athlete and "mere arrogance"? 3.How do mentally tough athletes typically respond to failure and disappointment? 4.Why do mentally tough athletes react differently to high-pressure situations? 5.According to the conclusion,where is the 'battle for victory"often decided? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you an athlete who often feels down after a poor performance?Maybe it's time to 1. being so hard on yourself and learn to 2. back.True success in sports isn't just about winning every game;it's about how you handle 3. First,be 4. ofyour past successes.Don't let one bad game 5. your mind.You have worked hard and achieved great things before.Second,don't 6. yourself from feeling sad.It's normal to be upset for a while.But set a time limit for your sadness,and then move on. 0ne7. strategy is to change your self-talk.Instead of saying "I played teribly,"say 'I know what I need to work on."This positive 8. of criticism can be a powerful tool. Remember,9. is perfect.Even the greatest champions have 10. through a game feeling like they would lose.The key is to keep fighting until the final whistle.Stick to your game plan, and trust in your training. 五、写作 假设你是高一新生李华，你的英国朋友Pter发来邮件，说他最近尝试开始跑步锻炼，但总是难 以坚持，跑了几天就想放弃。他感到很沮丧，向你寻求建议。请根据以下要点给他回一封邮 件： 1.表示理解，并给予鼓励。 2.提出两到三条克服“放弃”念头、养成跑步习惯的具体建议。（可参考本单元所学词汇，如 bounce back,tip,quit,halfway,remind) 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.词数100左右。 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, I'm sory to hear that you're struggling to keep up your running routine.It's completely normal to feel like quitting,especially at the beginning. Yours, Li Hua Passage 1:1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C5.C 一、 阅读理解 Passage 2:1.C2.B 3.B 4.C5.C 1.B,2.B,3.C,4.A,5.B;6.C;7.A,8.C,9.A,10.A;11.A,12.C,13.C,14.A;15 二、 完形填空 B 1.According to Dr.Jim Loehr,mental toughness is the ability to perform to one's potential consistently,regardless of the circumstances. 2.Self-belief is a deep-seated conviction forged through hard work and past successes, whereas mere arrogance is unfounded. 三、阅读短文3.They view failure as valuable feedback and leaming opportunities that make them 回答问题 stronger,and they do not dwell on disappointments. 4.They interpret the adrenaline rush as a signal that they are ready to perfomm,and they thrive on the pressure. 5.The battle for victory is often decided within the quiet,unyielding arena of the mind, long before the starting gun is fired 1.quit,2.bounce;3.disappointment,4.reminded,5.occupy,6.prohibit,7.amazing,8 四、短文填空 application;9.nobody,10.halfway 五、写作 范文： Dear Peter, I'm sory to hear that you're struggling to keep up your running routine.It's completely nommal to feel like quitting,especially at the beginning.Don't be too hard on yourself! Here are a few tips that might help.First,start small.Don't aim to run for an hour on your first day.A 15- minute run is a great start.When you feel like stopping halfway,remind yourself that the hardest part is getting out the door.Second,focus on the positive feelings after a run,not the discomfort during it.You can also bounce back from a bad day by setting a small,fun goal,like running to a new park.