Unit5 Power of Ideas时文单元话题 同步阅读提分提升练习一2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“发明创造”为主题，融合核心语法与话题阅读，通过题型分层训练系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10小题（莱特兄弟）|语境词义辨析、固定句型、情态动词被动语态|以一般过去时为主线，串联不规则动词变形与被动语态应用| |阅读理解|15小题（3篇）|细节定位、流程排序、主旨概括、作者态度分析|从古代造纸术到现代3D打印，构建发明史时间轴与影响逻辑链| |六选五|5小题（便利贴）|句间逻辑衔接、时间线索梳理|通过“失败发明→实际应用”叙事链训练语篇连贯思维| |语法填空|10小题（青藏铁路）|时态语态（一般过去时/现在完成时被动）、非谓语动词|聚焦单元核心语法，在工程案例中强化语法规则应用|

Unit5 Power of Ideas时文单元话题 同步阅读提分提升练习一 命题依据：《义务教育英语课程标准 2022年版》 素材来源： 科技发明专题读物 单元核心语法：一般过去时、一般现在时、情态动词被动语态 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Wright Brothers — Pioneers of Flight Orville and Wilbur Wright, two brothers from Ohio, are widely known as the fathers of modern aviation. In the late 19th century, many scientists were trying to solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight. However, most of them failed. The Wright brothers ___1___ to take a different approach. They believed that the key to successful flight ___2___ in understanding how birds controlled themselves in the air. It was not easy ___3___ them to build a flying machine. They faced two main challenges: how to get the glider into the air, and how to control it once it was flying. They studied birds carefully and observed that birds ___4___ their wings to adjust their balance. This observation was then ___5___ into the design of their glider. After solving the control problem, they added a lightweight engine to the glider. The engine ___6___ by a mechanic named Charlie Taylor, who was a member of their team. On December 17, 1903, the world's first powered flight took place at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The flight lasted only 12 seconds and covered just 37 metres, but it was a historic moment. The news ___8___ quickly around the world, and soon more people became interested in aviation. Today, the Wright brothers' invention ___9___ as one of the most important in human history. Their success proved that with patience, careful observation, and creative thinking, even the most difficult problems ___10___ be solved. 1. A. decided B. planned C. promised D. failed 2. A. lay B. lied C. laid D. lain 3. A. of B. for C. to D. with 4. A. used B. found C. made D. took 5. A. turned B. put C. brought D. passed 6. A. designed B. built C. drawn D. copied 7. A. sent B. taken C. brought D. carried 8. A. spread B. moved C. went D. walked 9. A. considered B. treated C. accepted D. recognized 10. A. could B. might C. must D. should 二、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项 Passage A Cai Lun and the Invention of Paper Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention — papermaking. This invention, more than any other, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. In ancient China, many different materials were used for writing, such as animal bones, bronze wares, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, an early form of paper was made from jute — a fibre that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store or very expensive. Cai Lun, who served as the head officer of the palace workshop in the Eastern Han Dynasty, became interested in solving this problem. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. In his time, some kinds of tree bark were used to make clothes. From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable for writing. The process of Cai Lun's papermaking involved several steps. First, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this mixture was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. To everyone's surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. In 105 CE, Cai Lun presented his creation to the emperor, who was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work. Later, the papermaking technique spread to other parts of Asia and eventually to Europe. It greatly speeded up the development of human civilization. Today, paper is used everywhere, and Cai Lun is remembered as one of the greatest inventors in history. 11. What problem did Cai Lun want to solve? A. People did not know how to write. B. Writing materials were either hard to use and store or too expensive. C. There were not enough books in China. D. The emperor ordered him to make new paper. 12. According to the passage, what materials did Cai Lun use to make paper? A. Animal bones, bronze wares, and stones. B. Bamboo, silk, and wood. C. Bark, certain plants, and old clothes. D. Plastic, metal, and glass. 13. Which is the correct order of Cai Lun's papermaking process? a. The fibre was dried and pressed into paper. b. The mixture was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. c. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. d. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen. A. c → b → d → a B. b → c → d → a C. c → d → b → a D. a → b → c → d 14. What made Cai Lun's paper better than earlier materials? A. It was more beautiful. B. It was harder and stronger. C. It was soft, light, easy to make, and cheap. D. It could be made in many colours. 15. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To compare different writing materials in ancient China. B. To explain how papermaking was invented and why it was important. C. To advertise modern paper products. D. To describe the life of Cai Lun as a palace officer. Passage B How Radio Changed the World Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. News of important events could take days, weeks, or even months to reach distant places. This changed forever with the invention of the radio in the late 19th century. The inventor of the radio is widely considered to be Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian engineer. In the 1890s, Marconi developed his ideas about wireless telegraphy. He conducted experiments to send signals through the air without using wires. In 1901, a historic achievement was made — a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. This proved that wireless communication over long distances was possible. The radio had a profound impact on the world. For the first time, news could be spread around the world in seconds. People could hear the voices of world leaders, listen to live reports from distant places, and learn about events as they happened. The world was made much smaller by the radio. The radio also greatly influenced culture. It made it much easier for people to enjoy music from artists around the world. Before the radio, people could only hear music if they attended a live performance or bought a record. The radio brought music into people's homes for free, allowing new styles and artists to become popular quickly. Jazz, rock and roll, and many other music styles were spread widely through the radio. Moreover, the radio inspired the development of other important inventions. The television, which is sometimes called "radio with pictures", was developed later and was heavily influenced by radio technology. Marconi's work on wireless communication also laid the foundation for modern technologies like mobile phones and Wi-Fi. Although the invention of the radio happened over 120 years ago, its influence is still felt today. The radio was the first step in connecting the world through instant communication. 16. When was the first radio message sent across the Atlantic Ocean? A. In the 1890s. B. In 1901. C. In 1920. D. In 2001. 17. What was one of the most important effects of the radio on news? A. News could be spread around the world in seconds. B. News became more expensive. C. News could only be heard by rich people. D. News was no longer needed. 18. How did the radio influence music culture? A. It made live performances more popular. B. It allowed people to enjoy music from artists around the world at home. C. It stopped people from buying records. D. It only played classical music. 19. What invention was influenced by the radio according to the passage? A. The light bulb. B. The steam engine. C. The television. D. The computer. 20. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Life of Guglielmo Marconi B. How Television Was Invented C. The Radio — An Invention That Connected the World D. The History of Music in the 20th Century Passage C 3D Printing — A Revolution in Making Things In the summer of 2026, a new museum opened in Shanghai — the China 3D Printing Museum. It showcases everything from 3D-printed toys and furniture to artificial organs and even buildings. The museum, which is housed in a building that was itself 3D-printed, is attracting thousands of visitors every day. The technology behind 3D printing was first developed in the 1980s. However, it is only in recent years that it has become widely available. The process of 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, works by building up layers of material to create a solid object from a digital file. This is very different from traditional manufacturing, which often involves cutting away material from a larger piece. One of the most exciting uses of 3D printing is in medicine. Doctors are now using 3D printing to create custom-made artificial arms, legs, and even hearts. In 2024, a team of Chinese doctors successfully printed a titanium sternum for a cancer patient. The replacement was exactly the right shape for the patient's body and was perfectly accepted by their body. The medical use of 3D printing also extends to training. Surgeons can print exact models of a patient's organs before surgery. This allows them to plan the operation carefully and reduce the risk of mistakes. Some experts believe that 3D-printed human organs for transplant will become common in the future. 3D printing is also being used in construction. In many Chinese cities, 3D-printed houses have already been built. These houses are cheaper and faster to build than traditional houses. They are also better for the environment because less waste is produced during the building process. Despite its many benefits, 3D printing still has limitations. The materials that can be used for printing are still limited, and the technology is not yet fast enough for mass production. However, with more and more research being done, 3D printing is expected to change the way we make almost everything. 21. What is special about the China 3D Printing Museum? A. It is the first 3D printing museum in the world. B. The building itself was 3D-printed. C. It only shows 3D-printed toys. D. It charges no entrance fee. 22. What is the main difference between 3D printing and traditional manufacturing? A. 3D printing is slower. B. 3D printing builds up layers of material to form objects. C. 3D printing only uses plastic. D. Traditional manufacturing is cheaper. 23. How was 3D printing used in the 2024 medical case mentioned in the passage? A. It was used to print a titanium sternum for a cancer patient. B. It was used to create a new drug. C. It was used to build a hospital. D. It was used to train doctors without surgery. 24. What advantage does 3D printing have in house-building? A. Houses can be built with more colours. B. Houses are cheaper, faster to build, and produce less waste. C. Houses can be built without any workers. D. Houses are much larger than traditional ones. 25. What is the author's attitude towards the future of 3D printing? A. Positive but cautious about its limitations. B. Completely negative. C. Completely positive with no concerns. D. Indifferent and uninterested. 三、六选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Accidental Invention of Sticky Notes Did you know that an accident led to the invention of sticky notes? ___26___ But the glue he produced was actually really weak. It could stick things together, but it could be removed very easily. The glue was interesting, but no one could find a use for it. ___27___ He was trying to mark the pages in a songbook using small pieces of paper. However, whenever he stood up to sing, the pieces fell to the floor. Then Fry remembered Silver's weak glue. ___28___ With the glue, the paper stayed in the songbook, but it could later be removed easily without damaging the pages. Fry's idea led to the production of sticky notes in many sizes and colours. ___29___ Sticky notes became popular because they were so convenient. People could use them to leave messages, mark important pages, or remind themselves of things to do. ___30___ They were even included in a museum exhibition about great inventions. The sticky note is a perfect example of how a "failed" experiment can turn into something amazingly useful. A. In 1968, a scientist named Spencer Silver was trying to create a strong glue. B. Then, in 1974, a man named Arthur Fry had a problem. C. He decided to use it to keep the paper in place. D. They gradually became popular and are now used all over the world. E. He threw the glue away and started a new experiment. F. Today, sticky notes are considered one of the most useful office supplies. 四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Qinghai-Xizang Railway — A Miracle of Engineering The Qinghai-Xizang Railway ___31___ (complete) in 2006. It connects Xining to Lhasa, covering a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres. It is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. The building of the railway ___32___ (be) a great challenge. Creative ideas ___33___ (need) to solve many different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes ___34___ (use) to keep the ground hard. In some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to ___35___ (create) instead. In other places, bridges ___36___ (build) to keep the railway above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and allow animals to pass under the tracks. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway is considered one of the most important engineering projects in China. It ___37___ (design) to connect remote areas with the rest of the country. Since it was completed, the railway ___38___ (increase) tourism and economic development in the region. The lessons ___39___ (learn) from building this railway will help improve transport in other similar places around the world. This project proves that with creativity and determination, even the most difficult problems can ___40___ (solve). ## 一、完形填空 短文概要 本篇以莱特兄弟发明人类首架动力飞机为素材，围绕创意与坚持的单元主题展开；核心考点：不规则动词变形、固定句型It is + adj. + for sb to do、被动语态、情态动词辨析；全篇时态以一般过去时为主，侧重语境词义辨析，贴合Unit5 Power of Ideas发明创造话题。 完整答案：1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A 1. 答案：A **考点：动词短语语境辨析 decide to do** 解析：decided to take a different approach 决定采取与众不同的研发思路；干扰项B planned（单纯计划，无行动倾向）、C promised（承诺，语义不符）、D failed（失败，和后文成功矛盾）。 2. 答案：A **考点：不规则动词过去式辨析 lie（在于）** 解析：lay是lie（存在、关键在于）的过去式；B lied（说谎）、C laid（放置，及物动词）、D lain（过去分词，不能单独作谓语）。 3. 答案：B **考点：固定句型 It + adj. + for sb to do** 解析：for引出不定式逻辑主语，描述建造飞行器这件事客观难度；of只能修饰人物内在品格，to/with无此搭配规则。 4. 答案：A **考点：实义动词动宾搭配辨析** 解析：used their wings 利用翅膀调整身体平衡；B found（发现）、C made（制作）、D took（拿取）无法和wings构成合理搭配。 5. 答案：A **考点：固定搭配 be turned into** 解析：鸟类飞行的观察结论被转化为滑翔机设计；B put into（放入）、C brought into（带入）、D passed into（传入）逻辑不通。 6. 答案：B **考点：一般过去时被动语态动词语境** 解析：engine was built 由技工制造发动机；A designed（仅前期设计，非成品制造）、C drawn（绘制图纸）、D copied（仿制，违背史实）。 7. 答案：A **考点：被动语态语境理解** 解析：the flight was sent out 这次飞行事迹被广泛传播；B taken（带走）、C brought（带来）、D carried（搬运）不适合形容新闻事件。 8. 答案：C **考点：不及物动词词义 spread（传播）** 解析：news spread quickly 消息迅速传遍全球；A moved（移动物体）、B went（行走）、D walked（步行）不能用于描述消息扩散。 9. 答案：A **考点：固定搭配 be considered as** 解析：is considered as 被公认为人类伟大发明；B treated（对待）、C accepted（被动接受）、D recognized（认出，程度弱）。 10.答案：A **考点：情态动词语境辨析** 解析：could 客观层面能够、可以；B might（可能性微弱）、C must（必须，表义务）、D should（应该，表建议）。 ## 二、阅读理解 Passage A Cai Lun and the Invention of Paper # 短文概要 文本介绍东汉蔡伦改良造纸术的背景、完整工序与对世界文明的巨大推动；中考标准题型：细节定位、细节提取、流程排序、词义匹配、主旨概括；素材贴合中国古代伟大发明单元话题。 完整答案：11.B 12.C 13.A 14.C 15.B 11. 答案：B **考点：事实细节定位题** 解析：原文原句all of these materials were either difficult to use and store or very expensive；A人们不会写字、C书籍不足、D皇帝下令均无原文依据。 12. 答案：C **考点：事实细节提取题** 解析：原文明确bark, certain plants, and old clothes为改良造纸原料；A、B是西汉早期原始书写材料，并非蔡伦所用。 13. 答案：A **考点：文本流程逻辑排序题** 解析：工序顺序c混合蒸煮→b捣碎二次搅拌→d过滤纤维→a晾晒压制成纸，其余顺序错乱。 14. 答案：C **考点：细节匹配题** 解析：原文直接点明改良纸张轻薄、易制作、成本低廉；A美观、坚固、多色彩文中未提及。 15. 答案：B **考点：全文主旨大意概括题** 解析：全文围绕造纸术发明过程与历史价值展开；A仅开头背景、C广告、D片面人物介绍，不能概括全文。 Passage B How Radio Changed the World # 短文概要 介绍马可尼发明无线电的过程，以及无线电对新闻传播、流行文化、现代科技的深远影响；题型包含数字细节、细节理解、推理、最佳标题。 完整答案：16.B 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.C 16. 答案：B **考点：数字细节定位** 解析：原文In 1901完成跨大西洋无线电传输；1890s为研发阶段，并非成功时间。 17. 答案：A **考点：细节理解** 解析：无线电让新闻数秒传遍世界；B更贵、仅供富人、不再需要均和原文相反。 18. 答案：B **考点：事实提取** 解析：人们在家就能收听全球音乐；A线下演出更火、停止买唱片、只播古典无依据。 19. 答案：C **考点：细节定位** 解析：电视技术依托无线电研发；灯泡、蒸汽机、电脑无关。 20. 答案：C **考点：最佳标题** 解析：全文核心无线电连通全球；A马可尼生平、电视、音乐史仅局部片段。 Passage C 3D Printing — A Revolution in Making Things # 短文概要 介绍3D打印技术原理、医疗与建筑两大应用优势，客观指出现存局限，对未来发展持积极审慎态度；侧重科技说明文细节、作者态度题型。 完整答案：21.B 22.B 23.A 24.B 25.A 21. 答案：B **考点：事实细节定位** 解析：博物馆建筑本体由3D打印建造；全球首个、只展示玩具、免费均未提到。 22. 答案：B **考点：对比细节理解** 解析：3D打印逐层堆积成型，传统工艺切削原料；速度慢、只用塑料、更便宜表述错误。 23. 答案：A **考点：事实提取** 解析：打印钛胸骨用于癌症患者；制药、建医院、教学无原文信息。 24. 答案：B **考点：细节概括** 解析：3D房屋造价低、工期短、废料更少；更多色彩、无需工人、面积更大未提及。 25. 答案：A **考点：作者态度判断题** 解析：作者认可优势，同时客观点明材料、量产速度短板；完全否定、盲目乐观、漠不关心不符合文本。 ## 三、六选五 短文概要 讲述便利贴源于实验室失败发明，从胶水意外到日常办公用品的完整故事；考查句间逻辑、时间线索、段落过渡，设置一项多余干扰项。 完整答案：26.A 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.F 1. 答案：A **考点：篇章开篇总起衔接** 解析：后文weak glue对应本句科学家研制强力胶水失败，形成转折逻辑。 2. 答案：B **考点：上下文过渡句** 解析：胶水看似无用，引出Fry标记书页的生活难题，自然推进情节。 3. 答案：C **考点：段落内逻辑承接** 解析：想到弱胶，用它固定纸页，解决掉落问题。 4. 答案：D **考点：顺承衔接** 解析：便利贴量产，逐步全球普及，承接生产环节。 5. 答案：F **考点：全文结尾总结升华** 解析：总结便利贴如今成为经典办公用品；E扔掉胶水为多余无关选项。 ## 四、语法填空 短文概要 以青藏铁路建设创新工程为文本，集中考查单元核心语法：一般过去时被动、一般现在时被动、情态动词被动、现在完成时、过去分词作定语。 完整答案：31. was completed 32. was 33. were needed 34. were used 35. be created 36. were built 37. is designed 38. has increased 39. learned / learnt 40. be solved 31. 答案：was completed **考点：一般过去时被动语态** 解析：2006为过去年份，铁路是被修建，单数搭配was。 32. 答案：was **考点：一般过去时系动词** 解析：修建铁路这件事过去是巨大挑战，主语单数。 33. 答案：were needed **考点：一般过去时被动语态** 解析：创意方案当年被人们所需要，ideas复数。 34. 答案：were used **考点：一般过去时被动语态** 解析：管道被铺设来稳定冻土，pipes复数。 35. 答案：be created **考点：情态动词后被动语态** 解析：had to后接动词原形，隧道必须被修建。 36. 答案：were built **考点：一般过去时被动语态** 解析：动物通行桥梁被建造，bridges复数。 37. 答案：is designed **考点：一般现在时被动语态** 解析：描述铁路设计初衷，属于客观事实，用现在时。 38. 答案：has increased **考点：现在完成时（since标志词）** 解析：自通车至今持续带动区域旅游经济。 39. 答案：learned / learnt **考点：过去分词作后置定语** 解析：lessons learned 建设过程中吸取的经验，表被动含义。 40. 答案：be solved **考点：情态动词can后被动语态** 解析：难题能够被攻克，can后使用动词原形被动形式。 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $