Unit 1 Friendship-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法专项（译林版）

Unit 1 Friendship 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化与不规则变化 ★形容词比较级和最高级的句型运用 语法精讲精练一 1.比较级与最高级的定义（中考常考） 级别 含义 典型结构 示例 描述事物本身性质，不比 as+原级+as/not as/so 原级 Tom is as tall as Mike. 较 +原级+as Lily is taller than Lucy./ 比较级 两者比较，表示 比较级+than/the+比 “更…” The more you read,the 较级，the+比较级 wiser you get. 三者及以上比较，表示 the+最高级+名词+ He is the tallest boy in his 最高级 “最…” 范围(in/of..) class 2.规则变化（中考必背） 情况 变化规则 示例原级→比较级→最高级 单音节词 加 -er/-est tall→taller→tallest 以e结尾 加-r/-st large→larger→largest 辅音+y结尾 变y为i,加-r-est happy→happier→happiest 重读闭音节 (单辅音结 双写尾字母，加-er/-est big→bigger→biggest 尾) 多音节词（≥2 beautiful→more beautiful→most 前加more/most 音节) beautiful 部分双音节词 clever→cleverer/more clever→ (如clever, 两种均可 cleverest most clever friendly) ★常见双音节词可用两种形式的：“clever,fiiendly,.gentle,naow,simple等。 3.不规则变化（中考高频，需强记） 原级 比较级 最高级 备注 good/well better best 注意well作形容词表“身体好” bad /badly worse worst badly是副词，比较级也是worse many /much more most many用于可数，much用于不可数 little less least 表示“少” farther/ farthest/ far farther指距离，further指抽象“进一步” further furthest oldest/ old older elder elder/eldest用于家人长幼关系 eldest 4.易混考点与常用结构（中考压轴） ①比较级前可用程度副词：much,even,stil,aittle,alot,far等 This book is much more interesting than that one ②he+比较级，he+比较级”表示“越…，越…” The harder you study,the better grades you will get ③one of the+最高级+复数名词表示“最…之一” She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. ④最高级前省略he的情况：当最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加he She is my best fiiend./Tom is Mary's youngest brother. ⑤比较级+than any other+单数名词表示“比任何其他都….”（等同于最高级） He is taller than any other student in his class.=He is the tallest in his class. 5.形容词比较级与最高级的否定结构 not as/so+原级+as表示“不如…” 例：This story is not as interesting as that one 比较级+han的否定形式可改为less+原级+han(少用，中考了解即可) 例：This book is less interesting than that one..(不如那本有趣) 二、专项训练（中考/名校难度，8~10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.Which city is Beijing or Shanghai? A.bigger B.biggest C.the bigger D.the biggest 2.This story is interesting than that one.I like both A.more B.most C.the most D.as 3.Tom is boy in his class.He is always the first to come to school. A.hardworking B.more hardworking C.the most hardworking D.most hardworking 4.-How do you like the movie? A.the worst B.worse C.the worst than D.the worse 5.She is her sister.They both love dancing A.as popular as B.more popular C.the most popular D.popular than 6.My father is than my mother,but they both look young A.much older B.more older C.very older D.old 7.The weather in Nanjing is that in Beijing in summer. A.hotter than B.more hot than C.hoter than D.the hottest 8.-Which book do you like this one or that one?-This one.It is really interesting. A.well B.better C.best D.good 9.Of all the subjects,English is for me.I can get high marks easily A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest 10.He runs than any other student in his class. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend Lily is a 1. (fiiendly)girl.Last week we had a sports meeting.She ran 2. (fast)than any other girl and got the first prize.I think she is 3. (good)runner in our school Yesterday we went shopping.She wanted to buy a pair of shoes.There were two pairs she liked.One was red,and the other was blue.The red pair was 4. (expensive)than the blue one,but she thought the blue one was 5. (beautiful).Finally she chose the blue one. On the way home,she told me that she wanted to become 6. (healthy)than before.So she decided to exercise 7. (much)every day.I think she will be 8 (happy)if she keeps trying Our friendship is 9 (important)thing in my life.I hope we can stay 10. (close)than ever (三)完成句子 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。This book is that one 2.他是我认识的最聪明的学生之一。Heis the students I know 3你越细心，犯的错就越少。 you are, mistakes you will make. 4.她的房间比我的房间大得多。Her room is than mine. 5.这双鞋不如那双舒服。This pair of shoes is as that pair. 6.在所有的男孩中，汤姆跳得最高。Of all the boys,Tom jumps 7.请保持安静，这是教室里最重要的规则。Please keep quiet.Itis rule in the classroom 8.这个城市比那个城市更现代化。This city is than that one. 9.她是我见过的最好的老师。She is teacher I have ever met. 10.这个问题比那个问题难一点。This problem is than that one. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.A3.C;4.A;5.A;6.A;7.A;8.B;9.D;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.friendly 2.faster 3.the best 4.more expensive 5.more beautiful 6.healthier 填空 7.more 8.happier ;9.the most important 10.closer 1.as interesting as 2.one of;most intelligent cleverest 3.The more careful;the (三)完成 句子 fewer;4.much bigger 5.not so/as comfortable ;6.the highest 7.the most important 8.more modern ;9.the best 10.a little more difficult 章 语法精讲精练二 1.比较级与最高级的定义 比较级：用于两者比较，表示“更…”。 最高级：用于三者或以上比较，表示“最…”。 ★核心考点：正确使用比较级/最高级的形式与搭配，避免混淆。 2.构成规则 (①)规则变化 情况 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节和少数双 直接加-er/-est tall taller tallest 音节词 以e结尾 加r/-st nice nicer nicest 以辅音字母+y 变y为i,再加 heavy heavier heaviest 结尾 -er/-est 重读闭音节、末 双写辅音，再加 尾单辅音 big bigger biggest -er/-est 多音节及部分双 前加more/most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 音节词 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many /much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older /elder oldest/eldest 3.比较级核心句型 ①A+比较级+than+B:Tom is taller than Jim. ②比较级+and+比较级：表示“越来越.”，如：The weather gets warmer and warmer ③the+比较级，the+比较级：表示“越…，越.”，如：The more you practice,the better you will become. ④倍数+as+原级+as:表示“是…的几倍”，如：This box is three times as big as that one. ⑤比较级前可加修饰语：much,even,a little,far,alot等，表示程度。如：She is much taller than me. √易错点：比较对象要一致，如：Tom's hair is longer than Jack's.(不能漏掉's) 4.最高级核心句型 ①主语+谓语+the+最高级+名词+范围(in/of.):She is the tallest girl in our class ②主语+谓语+one of the+最高级+复数名词：He is one of the best students. ③主语+谓语+the+序数词+最高级：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China √易错点：最高级前通常加he,但前有物主代词或名词所有格时不加。如：This is my best friend.(不加the) 5.易混辨析 比较级最高级转换：比较级+han+any other+单数名词=最高级+范围。 "as+原级+as"中形容词用原级；否定形式用not as/so..aso 比铰句注意平行结构：The weather here is colder than that in Hainan.(用hat代替 weather) 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-Which city is Beijing or Shanghai? A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest 2.This movie is than that one A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 3.She is the girl in our class. A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.more tall 4.The more you read, you will know. A.much B.more C.the more D.the most 5.My English is as as yours. A.good B.better C.best D.well 6.He is his brother. A.two years older than B.older two years than C.two older years than D.older than two years 7.Of all the subjects,I like history A.well B.better C.best D.good 8.The weather in summer is hotter than in spring A.that B.it C.one D.those 9.She is getting A.more and more beautiful B.beautiful and beautiful C.more beautiful and beautiful D.beautiful more and more 10.—Is this book interesting as that one? A.so B.as C.more D.such (二)语法填空（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式。 I have a good friend,Mike.He is a 1. (care)student.In his class,he studies 2. (hard)than most of the others.He always gets good grades.Last term,he was one of the 3. (good)students in his grade. Mike loves sports.He thinks running is 4. (easy)than swimming.However,he says swimming is 5. (interesting)sport of all.He goes to the pool every weekend. This year,Mike wants to learn Chinese.He says Chinese is not as 6. (difficult)as he thought.The 7. (much)he practices,the 8. (fast)he improves.Now he can speak Chinese 9. (good)than before.He hopes to become even 10. (fluent)in the future. (三)完成句子（共10题) 1.这本词典比那本厚得多。 This dictionary is that one. 2.她是班里最认真的学生之一。 She is students in the class. 3我的书包不如你的漂亮。 My bag is yours. 4.这个故事比那个故事有趣。 This story is that one. 5.他跑得越来越快。 He runs and 6.你越耐心，就越容易成功。 patient you are, you will succeed. 7这条河是世界上最长的河流之一。 This river is in the world. 8.我的房间是他的三倍大。 My room is as big his. 9.在所有颜色中，她最喜欢蓝色。 Of all colors,she likes blue 10.这座山比那座山高一点。 This mountain is than that one. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.C;4.C;5.A;6.A;7.C;8.A;9.A;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.careful 2.harder 3.best 4.easier 5.the most interesting 6.difficult; 填空 7.more 8.faster 9.better;10.more fluent 1.much thicker than 2.one of the most careful 3.not as/so beautiful as 4.more (三)完成 句子 interesting than 5.faster;faster 6.The more,the more easily 7.one of the longest rivers 8.three times;as 9.best;10.a little higher