Unit 3 Welcome to our school!-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（译林版）

Unit 3 Welcome to our school! 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★人称代词（主格形式） ☆人称代词（宾格形式） 章 语法精讲精练一 1.人称代词主格的定义与功能 定义：人称代词主格(Subjective Personal Pronouns)用于代替人或事物，在句子中充当主 语，表示动作的执行者或状态的主体。常见的主格有：I,you,he,he,itwe,heyo 核心考点：主格只能作主语，不能作宾语或表语（口语“tsm除外，中考书面语中强调 主格作主语)。 2.人称代词主格的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作主语一与be动词的搭配（中考高频） 人称代词主格作主语时，必须与b动词保持人称和数的一致。 人称 主格 be动词 第一人称单 am 数 第二人称单/ you are 复数 第三人称单 he/she/it is 数 第一人称复 we are 数 第三人称复 they are 数 I am a student./She is my sister./They are helpful. (2)作主语—一与实义动词的搭配（一般现在时） 第三人称单数(he/she/it)后接动词需加-s或-es。 主格 动词形式（以play为例） I/you/we/the play y he/she/it plays We play basketball after school.He plays the guitar very well. (3)并列主语中的人称顺序（中考常考） 顺序：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即you,he/she and I。 You,he and I are going to the park./She and I often study together. ★若涉及责任，顺序可为I,you and he,但中考一般考查标准顺序。 (4)t的特殊用法（基础考点） it可指代： 动物或无生命事物：This is a cat..It is very cute. 时间、天气、距离：Itis8o'clock./It is sunny./Itis2 km from here. 形式主语（初一简单提及）：It is important to leamn English. 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考） (1)主格vs宾格 主格作主语（动词前），宾格作宾语（动词或介词后）。 例：I like her.(I主格，her宾格)/She likes me.(me宾格) ★常见错误：Me like she.→I like her. ★介词后接宾格：between you and me(不能用)。 (2)主格Vs形容词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,its,or,their)必须修饰名词，不能单独作主语。 例：My book is new.(my修饰book)→I have a new book.(I作主语) 易错：He book is red.→His book is red.或He has a red book (3)主格Vs名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词(mine,yous,his,hes,its,ours,theirs)可独立作主语、宾语、表语，相当于“形 容词性物主代词+名词”。 例：This is my pen.Yours is on the desk.（Yours=Your pen,作主语) 注意：不可与主格混淆，如“我的”用mie,而非I。 (4)人称代词与名字的替代 根据性别和数量用相应主格替代：单数男性→he,女性一→she,事物→it,复数→heyo 例：Tom is tall..→He is tall./The cat is white.→It is white./Mary and Lucy are friends.→They are fiiends 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.-Who is that boy? is my brother Tom A.He B.She C.It D.They 2.My mother is a teacher. works in a middle school. A.I B.He C.She D.You 3.-Are you and Lucy in the same class?-Yes, are. A.we B.they C.you D.she 4. is important for us to keep healthy. A.This B.That C.It D.He 5. is a beautiful day,isn't it?-Yes,let's go out for a walk A.This B.That C.It D.There 6.Mike and I are good friends. often play basketball together. A.He B.She C.We D.They 7.-What's the time?- is ten o'clock A.This B.That C.It D.He 8. is a lovely dog.Its name is Coco. A.He B.She C.It D.They 9.-Is your pencil?-No,it isn't. is blue. A.this;My B.that Mine C.it I D.he;Me 10. are going to visit the Great Wall next week A.I,you and he B.You,he and I C.He,you and I D.You,I and he (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的人称代词主格，每空一词。注意大小写。 My name is Peter.1. am 12 years old.2. works in a hospital.3. is kind.I have a sister.4. is 8.My sister and I often play together.5. have a good time.There is a cat in our family.6. is black and white.7. likes fish.Do you like the cat?-Yes, 8. like it.9 is beautiful.10. can take a picture together. (三)完成句子 1.我们是好朋友。 good fiiends. 2.他每天七点起床 gets up at seven every day 3它是一只可爱的猫。 a lovely cat. 4.你、他和我都是学生。 are all students 5她和我都擅长游泳。 are both good at swimming. 6现在是下午三点。 three o'clock in the afternoon 7.他们正在打篮球。 playing basketball now. 8.我在七年级一班。 in Class 1,Grade 7. 9.你们是老师吗？ teachers? 10.它很漂亮。 very beautiful. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.C;3.A;4.C;5.C;6.C;7.C;8.C;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.I;2.He;3.She;4.She;5.We;6.It;7.It;8.I;9.It;10.We 填空 (三)完成 1.We are 2.He 3.It is 4.You,he and I 5.She and I 6.It is 7.They are 8.I 句子 am 9.Are you 10.It is 语法精讲精练二 1.人称代词宾格的定义与功能 定义：人称代词宾格(Objective Case)是代词的一种形式，在句中充当动词宾语或介词 宾语。 核心考点：宾格不能作主语，这是初一最基础的易错点。 2.人称代词主格与宾格对应表 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 I（主)→me(宾) we(主)→us(宾) 第二人称 you(主/宾同形) you（主/宾同形) 第三人称 he（主)→him(宾) they（主)→hem（宾) she（主)→her(宾) t（主/宾同形) 3.宾格的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作动词宾语（中考高频） 宾格放在及物动词之后，表示动作的承受者。 例：Can you help me?(你能帮我吗？) 例：We like her very much.(我们非常喜欢她。) 【考点】动词后必须用宾格，不能用主格。误：Can you help I?(X) (2)作介词宾语（中考高频） 放在介词(for,to,with,fiom,about,.of等)之后。 例：This gift is for him.(这份礼物是给他的。) 例：Please sit with us..(请和我们坐在一起。) 【考点】介词后一律用宾格，常考“with me”、“for them'等搭配。 (3)在双宾语结构中作间接宾语（中考中档） 某些动词(give,show,telL,teach,buy,make等)可带双宾语：动词+间接宾语 (人，宾格)+直接宾语（物)。 例：My mother gave me a book.(妈妈给了我一本书。) 若间接宾语后置需加介词，结构：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语（宾格）。 例：My mother gave a book to me. 【考点】间接宾语必须用宾格，且常与介词to/for搭配。 (④)在祈使句中作宾语（中考基础） Let+宾格+动词原形。 例：Let us go now.(让我们现在走吧。) 例：Let himtry again.(让他再试一次。) 【考点】Let后接宾格，不接主格。误：Let we go.(X) 4.易混考点辨析（中考必考） (1)主格vs宾格 主格作主语（动作发出者），宾格作宾语（动作承受者）。 例：Ilike him.(我喜欢他。→I是主格，him是宾格) 例：He likes me..(他喜欢我。→He是主格，me是宾格) 【考点】选择题常给出一对主宾格干扰项，需判断句中位置。 (2)宾格Vs形容词性物主代词 宾格是“我/你/他”，物主代词是“我的/你的/他的”。 例：Please give me your pen.(请把你的笔给我。→me是宾格) 例：This is my pen..(这是我的笔。→my是物主代词) 【考点】语法填空中常出现“me/y混淆，需看是否表“的”。 (3)人称代词在并列结构中的顺序（中考易错） 单数：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称（即you,he/she,I)。 例：You,he and I are classmates.（你、他和我都是同学。) 复数：第一人称-→第二人称→第三人称（即we,you,hey)。 例：We,you and they will meet there.(我们、你们和他们将在那儿见面。) 注意：在承担责任或承认错误时，第一人称放在前。 例：I and Tom broke the window.（(我和汤姆打破了窗户。→表示强调“我”的责任) 【考点】中考单选常考顺序，且需注意宾格在并列时顺序不变。 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-Can you help with my maths?—Sre. A.I B.me C.my D.mine 2.Please give the book to He is waiting for it. A.he B.his C.him D.himself 3.My parents are very kind.I love very much. A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 4.-Who is singing in the next room? A.we B.our C.us D.ours 5.-What's your teacher like? A.us B.we C.our D.ours 6.-Is this your sister's bag? A.her;my B.hers;me C.hers;mine D.her;mine 7.The story is so interesting.Please tell again. A.I B.my C.me D.mine 8.-Don't forget to bring your homework,Tom.-OK,thank for reminding me A.you B.your C.yourself D.yours 9.-Who taught to play the guitar? A.you;myself B.your;myself C.you;me D.your;me 10.-Would you like to go with A.we B.our C.us D.ours (二)语法填空（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式。 Dear David, How are you?I am writing to tell you about my new school.It's very big and beautiful.My new teachers are nice to 1. (we).They often help 2. (we)with our study The students here are friendly,too.Look!The girl in the red dress is Lucy.She sits next to 3. (D).She often shares her lunch with 4.(D).And that boy is Tom.I play basketball with 5. (he)after class. Yesterday,our class had a party.Everyone brought something.I brought some snacks for 6. (they).They were very happy.Our teacher,Miss Li,asked 7. (we)to sing a song together.We sang"Let 8.(D)tell you a secret."It was fun. After the party,I found a key on the floor.I picked it up and gave 9. (it)to the teacher.She said,"Thank 10. (you.”I felt proud. What about your school?Please write back soon Yours, Li Hua (三)完成句子（共10题) 根据中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1.你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？ Can you help this box? 2.请把手机给他。 Please give the mobile phone 3.他们对我们很友好。 They are very kind 4.让我们一起去游泳吧。 Let go swimming 5.老师教我们英语。 The teacher English. 6.我给她买了一朵花。 I bought a flower 7.不要和她说话。 Don't talk 8.你、我和杰克都是好朋友。 Jack and are good friends 9.请把那些书放在他们旁边。 Please put those books 10.她经常在周末和我一起玩。 She often plays with at weekends. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.C;5.A;6.C;7.C;8.A;9.A;10.C 选择 (二)语法 1.us 2.us 3.me 4.me 5.him 6.them 7.us 8.me 9.it;10.you 填空 (三)完成 1.me cary 2.to him 3.to us 4.us together 5.teaches us 6.for her 7.to her; 句子 8.You;I;9.beside them 10.me