Unit 2 Hobbies-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（译林版）

Unit 2 Hobbies 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★一般现在时（实义动词） ☆特殊疑问句（实义动词场景） 语法精讲精练一 1.一般现在时的定义与功能 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。 实义动词（也叫行为动词）指有实际意义的动词，如1ke、ply、study、go等。 2.实义动词一般现在时的基本结构 句子类型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语（非三单）+动词原形+其他 I like apples 主语（三单）+动词三单形式+其他 He likes apples. 否定句 主语+don't+动词原形+其他 We don't play football. 主语（三单）+doesn't+动词原形+ She doesn't play football. 其他 D0+主语（非三单）+动词原形+ 般疑问句 Do you go to school by bus? 其他？ Dos+主语（三单）+动词原形+ Does he go to school by bus? 其他？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序 What do you like?/Where does he live? 核心考点 否定句和疑问句中，动词必须用原形（因为dont 肯定句中，主语是第三人称单数(he,she,it及单数名词、不可数名词)时，动词要加s 3.第三人称单数动词变化规则（中考高频） 情况 变化规则 例词 一般动词 直接加s like→likes,,play→plays,read→reads pass→passes,fix→fixes,watch→ 以s,X,ch, 加-es watches,,wash→washes,go→goes,do sh,0结尾 →does 以“辅音字 study→studies,,fly→flies,,cay→ 母+y”结 变y为i再加-es carries 尾 以“元音字 母+y结 buy→buys,say→says,play→plays 直接加-s (注意play元音+y) 尾 特殊变化 have→has He has a cat. 口诀：sx ch sho加es,辅音+y改ies,have变成has记心间。 4.时间状语及常见用法 频率副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,.seldom,never(通常放在实义动词之前，be动词 之后) He often reads books./She is always happy. 时间短语：every day/week/month/year,on Sundays,in the morning,once a week等 >We go swimming every Saturday. 客观真理/科学事实：The sun rises in the east..（一般现在时表示真理) 5.易错点辨析（中考必考） ①主谓一致：当主语是everyone,.someone,.nobody,each,eit讪her,neither等不定代词时，视为第 三人称单数，动词加$。 →Everyone likes music.√（不要写成like) ②实义动词与be动词混淆：一般现在时中，一句话不能同时出现be动词和实义动词（除非 是进行时或被动语态)。 →He doesn't like basketball.√（不能说He doesn't likes/He isn't like) ③频率副词的位置：在实义动词前，be动词后。 →I always get up at si.(get up是实义动词短语，always放在get前) →She is never late for school..(never在is后) ④Dos/Do后动词还原：无论主语是什么，助动词后动词一律用原形。 →Does she go to work?V（不用goes) 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，每题10小题，共3大题） （一)单项选择 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news. A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room. A.quietly B.quiet C.quietness D.quiet 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it. A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.She never late for school. A.is B.does C.be D.are 8.My father and I football on Saturday aftemoons. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are play 9.-What your mother usually for dinner? A.do;cook B.does;cook C.does;cooks D.do;cooks 10.The boy his homework every day,but today he is playing A.do B.does C.don't do D.doesn't do 11.He is very busy.He have time to watch TV. A.doesn't B.don't C.isn't D.not (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（注意一般现在时)。 Peter is my good fiiend.He 1. (live)in a small town near London.Every morning,he 2. (get)up at 7:00.After breakfast,he 3. (go)to school by bike.He never 4. (be)late. At school,Peter 5. (study)very hard.He often 6. (help)his classmates with English After class,he always 7 (play)basketball with his fiiends.Sometimes he 8. (watch) TV for an hour. On weekends,his family 9. (have)a big dinner together.His mother 10 (cook) delicious food.Peter likes his life very much. (三)完成句子 根据中文提示完成句子，每空词数不限。 1.他每天晚饭后散步。He after dinner every day. 2.你的朋友周末通常做什么？What your friend usually on weekends? 3.我们不去公园。我们去图书馆。W to the park.We to the library. 4.我姐姐不喜欢喝咖啡。My sister coffee. 5.她每周打扫一次房间。She her room a week 6.那个男孩从不吃早饭。That boy breakfast. 7.你妈妈每天几点起床？What time your mother up every day? 8.这些书很贵，我不买。These books are expensive.I them. 9.他经常在周末弹吉他。He often the guitar on weekends. 10.每个人都需要朋友。Everyone friends. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.A;3.C;4.B;5.B;6.A;7.A;8.A;9.B;10.B;11.A 选择 (二)语法 1.lives 2.gets 3.goes 4.is 5.studies 6.helps 7.plays 8.watches 9.have 填空 10.cooks (三)完成 1.takes a walk 2.does;do 3.don't go;go ;4.doesn't like 5.cleans;once 6.never 句子 eats 7.does;get 8.don't buy ;9.plays 10.needs 章 语法精讲精练二 1.特殊疑问句的定义 特殊疑问句是指以特殊疑问词开头、对句中某一特定成分（主语、宾语、状语、定语等) 提问的句子。回答时不能简单用Yes/No,需给出具体信息。 1.特殊疑问句的结构（实义动词场景） 实义动词（如play、like、eat、study)作谓语时，特殊疑问句的结构分为两种情况： 疑问对象 结构 例句 Who plays basketball after 疑问词（作主语）+谓语 主语（人或物） school?What makes you (三单/原形)+其他？ happy? 疑问词+一般疑问句（助动 What do you like?Where does 宾语/表语/状语等非主语 词do/does/did+主语+动词 she go?Why did he cry? 原形)？ ★核心考点： √对主语提问时，句子的语序是陈述句语序（疑问词直接作主语），不加助动词。 √对其他成分提问时，必须借助助动词do/does/did,且助动词后的动词用原形。 √特殊疑问句的助动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致： 般现在时：主语为第三人称单数用does,其余用do。 般过去时：所有人称都用did。 1.常见特殊疑问词及其用法（实义动词场景） 疑问词 提问内容 例句 What 事物、事情、职业、颜色等 What do you want?/What does he do? Who teaches English?(主 语)/Who do you meet?(宾 Who 人（主语或宾语） 语) ★作主语时用陈述语 序 人（宾格，口语中常用who代 Whom Whom are you talking to? 替) Whose bag is this?/Whose Whose 所属关系（谁的） book are you reading? Which 在一定范围内的选择 Which subject do you like best? Where do you live?/Where did Where 地点、位置 she go? 时间 When do you get up?/When When did he leave? Why are you late?/Why did Why 原因（回答用because) she cry? 方式、程度、健康状况等 How do you go to school?/ How How does he feel? 可数名词的数量（后接复数 How many 名词) How many books do you have? How much water does he How much 不可数名词的数量或价钱 drink?/How much is it? How often 频率（多久一次） How often do you exercise? 时间长度（多久）或物体长 How long does the meeting How long 度 last? How soon 多久以后（用于将来时） How soon will she come back? 1.特殊疑问句的回答 回答时不能只用Yes/No,需直接给出对应的信息。 对主语提问：回答主语+谓语+其他（谓语动词需与主语一致）。 例：-Who is singing?-Tom is singing. 对其他成分提问：直接回答省略部分，可完整也可简略。 :-What do you eat for breakfast?-Bread./I eat bread. 二、易混考点辨析（中考必考) ①对主语提问vs对宾语提问 对主语提问：Who/What-+动词（三单）？一一动词用三单（一般现在时）或过去 式。 例：Who likes music?(）Who like music?(X) 对宾语提问：Who/What+助动词+主语+动词原形？ 例：Who does he like?(/）Who likes he?(X) ②which vs what wich强调“在一定范围中选择”，常跟of短语或名词。 例：Which colour do you prefer,red or blue?? what用于没有范围限定的提问。 例：What colour do you like? 3 how often vs how soon vs how long how often:提问频率(once a week,every day) how soon:提问“多久以后”(in two days,.soon) how long:提问“多长时间”(for two hours,since Monday))或物体长度 ④疑问词+名词(which book,.whose pen,how many students.) 疑问词直接修饰名 词，后接一般疑问句语序。 Which book do you want?/How many students are there? 三、专项训练 (一)单项选择 1. do you go to the library? A.How soon B.How often C.How long D.How many 2.- is your new classmate from? A.Who B.Where C.What D.Which 3. did you buy this dictionary? A.When B.Where C.Why D.How 4. does your father do? A.What B.Who C.How D.Which 5.- students are there in your class? -Forty-five. A.How much B.How long C.How many D.How often 6.- do you like the movie? A.What B.Why C.How D.When 7.- runs fastest in your class? A.Whom B.Who C.What D.Which 8. did you finish your homework? A.How long B.How soon C.When D.How often 9. colour do you like better,blue or green? -Blue A.What B.Which C.Whose D.How 10. milk do we need for the cake? A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How long (二)句型转换（对划线部分提问） 1.He walks to school every day. → he to school every day? 2.They are watching TV at home now. they at home now? 3.My mother bought a red dress yesterday. → your mother yesterday? 4.The boys played football in the park last Sunday the boys football last Sunday? 5.She likes making model planes because it's interesting. → she making model planes? 6.The girls are talking to the teacher over there. → the girls to over there? 7.I have three English books. English books you have? 8.It takes him 20 minutes to get to school → it take him to get to school? 9.The black hat is his → hat is his? 10.She goes to the music club once a week. she go to the music club? (三)完成句子（根据中文补全句子） 1.你每天几点起床？ do you get up every day？ 2.他为什么喜欢数学？ he like math? 3.他们昨天去了哪里？ they go yesterday? 4.谁在教室里唱歌？ in the classroom? 5.你需要多少苹果来做沙拉？ apples do you need to make a salad? 6.你多久和父母通一次电话？ do you call your parents? 7.她最喜欢哪个季节？ season does she like 8这本书是谁的？ is this book? 9他怎样去上班？ he go to work? 10.火车还要多久才到？ will the train arrive? 四、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.A氵5.C;6.B;7.B;8.C;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)句型 1.How does;go 2.What are;doing ;3.What did;buy 4.Where did,play 转换 5.Why does;like 6.Who are,talking 7.How many,do 8.How long does 9.Whose 10.How often does (三)完成 1.What time 2.Why does 3.Where did 4.Who is singing 5.How many 句子 6.How often 7.Which;best 8.Whose 9.How does 10.How soon