Unit 2 Meet My Family-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（仁爱科普版）

Unit 2 Meet My Family 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★物主代词 ★一般现在时（实义动词） 语法精讲精练一 1.物主代词的定义与分类 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns)用于表示所有关系，即“谁的”。分为两类： 类别 功能 示例词 形容词性物 作定语，必须后接名词 my,your,his,her,its,our,their 主代词 名词性物主 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”， mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs 代词 独立使用，后不接名词 2.形容词性物主代词的用法（★中考高频) 作定语：放在名词前，修饰名词，表示“某人的”。 例：This is my book./Her cat is cute, 注意事项： ①不与冠词(a/a仙he)、指示代词(this/仙hat)等同时修饰同一名词。 X amy per→√my pen/a pen of mine ②与动词短语固定搭配：do one's homework,.on one''sway,lose one'sway等。 ③区分ts(它的)与ts(itis的缩写)。 ★例：The dog wagged its tail./It's a sunny day. 3.名词性物主代词的用法（★中考中档） 功能：代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”，避免重复。 在句中可作： 主语：Ours is a happy family.(我们的家庭是幸福的。) 宾语：I like yours better than his.(我更喜欢你的，而不是他的。) 表语：This book is mine..(这本书是我的。) 双重所有格：a/an/his/hat+名词+of+名词性物主代词 →a fiiend of mine（我的一个朋友)，不能说my a fiiend。 4.形容词性与名词性物主代词转换对照表 形容词性 名词性 记忆口诀 my mine my变mine your yours your变yours his his 不变 her hers her变hers its its 不变 our ours our变ouIs their theirs their变theirs ★注意：his和ts两种形式相同，根据语境区分。 5.易混考点辨析（中考必考） 对比项 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 后接名词 必须接 不能接 例句 This is my pen. This pen is mine. 作定语 作表语 X(需改为名词性) 易错点： X This is mine pen.→√This is my pen X This book is my..→√This book is mine 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，每题810小题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.-Is this pen?—No,it's I forgot to bring mine A.my;mine B.mine,my C.me;mine D.my;me 2.This is book,not A.her,his B.hers,his C.her,him D.hers;him 3.—Is this pem?—No,its A.your;my B.yours;mine C.your;mine D.yours;my 4. classroom is bigger than A.Ours;theirs B.Our,them C.Ours;their D.Our:theirs 5.The dog is playing with tail. A.it B.its C.it's D.itself 6.-Whose coat is this?-It's A.her B.hers C.she D.herself 7.I have a friend of She is very kind. A.my B.mine C.1 D.me 8.These are not books; are over there. A.our;We B.ours:Our C.our:Ours D.ours:Ours (二)用所给词的适当形式填空 1.This is (①schoolbag. you)is on the chair. 2. (she)brother is a doctor. (he)is a teacher. 3.The cat is washing (it)face. (we)cat is sleeping. 4.—Is this (they)classroom?-No, (we)is next to the library 5. (he)handwriting is better than (she). 6.Please give me (you)phone number.I'll call (you)later. 注意：第二个空是宾格代词，非物主。 7.The blue coat is (①，and the1 ed one is (she). 8. (we)teacher is very strict with (we). 注意：第二个空是宾格。 (三)完成句子 1.这本书不是我的，是他的。This book is not It's 2.我们的教室比他们的大。 classroom is bigger than 3.她是一个朋友。She is a fiiend of 4.你的书包在桌子上。我的在椅子下面。 schoolbag is on the desk is under the chair 5.那只猫的尾巴很短。 tail is very short 6.这是你的书吗？不，是我姐姐的。一Isis book?-No,it's 注意：my sister's是名词所有格，非物主代词，但此处合理。 7.他们有自己的房子，我们也有自己的房子。They have own house.and we have 8他的头发是黑色的，她的是金色的。 hair is black,and is blonde. 三、参考答案 (一）单项 1.B;2.A;3.C;4.D;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.C 选择 (二)用所 1.my;Yours 2.Her;His 3.its;Our 4.their;ours 5.His;hers 6.your;you; 给词的适当 7.mine;hers 8.Our;us 形式填空 (三)完成 1.mine;his 2.Our;theirs 3.mine 4.Your;Mine 5.Its 6.your;my sister's 7.their; 句子 ours 8.His;hers 语法精讲精练二 一、核心讲解 般现在时主要用来描述经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。当谓语是实义动词 （如：like,play,go,have)时，其用法和动词形式变化是学习的核心。 1.定义与句式结构 描述经常性或习惯性的动作、客观真理、目 定义 前的状态。 主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用三单 核心特征 形式：其他人称用动词原形。 肯定句：主语+动词（原形/三单）+其他. 否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+ 基本句式 其他.一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词 原形+其他？特殊疑问句：疑问词+ do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？ 2.动词第三人称单数变化规则（核心考点） 规则 举例 说明 work→works play→plays √一般情况 直接在词尾加-s。 get→gets pass→passes fix→fixes √以s,xch,Sh,0结尾 watch→watches wash→ 加-es。 washes go→goes do→does 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 study→studies fly→fies 变y为i,再加-es。 cay→carries ★特殊变化 have→has 唯一特殊变化，需牢记。 3.句式变化及助动词用法（中考高频考点） 否定句与疑问句的“还原”原则 秘诀：见三单，想does;见does,动词回原形。 肯定句：He likes swimming. 否定句：He doesn't like swimming.(doesn'ti已经表达了第三人称单数，所以like要用 原形) 一般疑问句：Does he like swimming?(Does提前，like恢复原形) 常见时间状语（判断时态的标志词） always,usually,.often,.sometimes,never(频率副词) every day/week/month/year on Mondays,in the morning,once a week 4.易混考点辨析（中考常设陷阱） 实义动词vs.be动词(am/is/are) 混淆点：句中出现实义动词时，不能用be动词来帮助否定或提问。 错误：He doesn't is a student..(x) 正确：He isn't a student.(be动词的否定)/He doesn't have a book.(实义动词have的 否定) 规则：一个句子一般只能有一个“谓语核心”，要么是b动词，要么是实义动词。 频率副词的位置 规则：频率副词(always,.usually,often,sometimes,.never)通常放在实义动词之前， be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。 He often plays basketball./He is always happy./He doesn't often go to the park. 对频率提问 结构：How often+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？ 例：-How often do you visit your grandparents?一Once a week. 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.My mother dinner in the kitchen every evening A.cook B.cooks C.cooking D.to cook 2. your sister often to school by bus? A.Do;go B.Does;go C.Does;goes D.Do;goes 3.Tom and I in the same class.We each other very much. A.are;like B.is;likes C.am;like D.are;likes 4.He his homework at school.He does it at home. A.don't do B.doesn't does C.doesn't do D.isn't do 5,-What your brother usually after school? A.do;do B.does;does C.do;does D.does;do 6.- do you go to the library? A.How long B.How many C.How often D.How soon 7.She breakfast at 7:00 a.m.,but today she has it at 7:30 A.doesn't has B.doesn't have C.isn't have D.not have 8.Lily and Lucy from Canada.They English very well. A.comes;speaks B.come;speak C.come;speaks D.comes;speak 9.My father to work by car.He always takes the bus A.go B.goes C.don't go D.doesn't go 10.I this book very much.It is interesting. A.likes B.am liking C.like D.don't like (二)句型转换（共10题）》 l.He often plays basketball after school.(改为一般疑问句) he often basketball after school? 2.They do their homework in the evening..(改为否定句) They their homework in the evening. 3.My sister likes music very much.(改为否定句) My sister music very much. 4.The boys usually swim in the river.（对划线部分提问) the boys usually in the river? 5.She goes to the park once a week.(对划线部分提问) she to the park? 6.Mike and I often play chess on weekends.(改为一般疑问句) Mike and you often chess on weekends? 7.The little girl watches TV every day.(改为否定句) The little girl TV every day. 8.My father washes his car on Sundays.(对划线部分提问) your father his car? 9.He has a new bike.(用Does改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) he a new bike? Yes,he l0.These students often do morning exercises at9:00.(对划线部分提问) these students often morning exercises? (三)语法填空（共15空) 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。 My name is Lisa.I 1. (be)a student from Ren'ai International School.I2. (get)up at 6:30 every morning.My brother Sam usually 3. (have)breakfast with me,but my parents 4. (not eat)with us because they go to work early Sam 5. (like)science very much.He always 6. (read)science books in his free time.I 7. (not like)science.I think it is difficult.I 8. (enjoy) music and art. Our school 9. (start)at 8:00.We 10. (study)many subjects like English, math,and history.After class,we often 11. (play)games or 12.(talk) with each other.Sometimes,Sam and I 13. (go)to the school library.It 14. (open)from 8:00 a.m.to 5:00 p.m. Do you want to know more about my school life?Please 15. (write)to me. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.C;5.D;6.C;7.B;8.B;9.D;10.C (二)句型 1.Does,play 2.don't do ;3.doesn't like ;4.What do,do 5.How often does,go 转换 6.Do;play 7.doesn't watch 8.When does;wash 9.Does;have;does 10.What time do;do (三)语法 1.am 2.get 3.has 4.don't eat 5.likes 6.reads 7.don't like ;8.enjoy; 填空 9.starts 10.study 11.play 12.talk 13.go ;14.is open/opens 15.write