Unit 5 Off to space-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U5 Off to space 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★一般将来时will/be going to 语法精讲精练一 1.定义与功能 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。初中阶段主要掌握两种表达方式： w+动词原形和be goir血gto+动词原形。两者都可表“将来”，但用法侧重不同，是中考高 频考点。 2.wl的用法（四大核心考点） 用法 说明 例句 ①表示“预测” （无 说话人主观认为将来会发生的事 I think it will rain tomorrow 依据的推测) ②表示“意愿”（临 说话时刚做出的决定，或主动提供 The phone is ringing.-I'll 时决定/承诺) 帮助 answer it. ③表示“请求/建 议” 用于客气地请求对方做某事 (Will you...?) Will you please open the window? ④表示“将来事实” 不以人的意志为转移的将来情况 The sun will rise at 6:00 tomorrow （客观必然) 结构： 肯定句：主语+wl+动词原形+其他. 否定句：主语+will not(wont)+动词原形+其他. 般疑问句：W+主语+动词原形+其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+w1+主语+动词原形+其他？ 时间状语（常见）：tomorrow,next week/month/year,in+时间段，soon,in the future,tonight 等。 3.be going to的用法（四大核心考点） 用法 说明 例句 ①表示“计划/打 I am going to visit my grandparents 说话前已考虑好的安排 算” this weekend ②表示“有迹象预 Look at the dark clouds!It is going 根据当前情况推测即将发生的事 示” to rain ③表示“决心/意 强调主观上打算做某事 图” She is going to learn English well. ④用于“There be句 表示“将会有…” There is going to be a concert next 型” Friday. 结构： 肯定句：主语+be(amis/are)going to+动词原形+其他. 否定句：主语+be(am/is/are)not going to+动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？ 注意：be going to中的be动词随主语变化，否定/疑问时直接对be动词操作。 4.wil与be going to的易混辨析（中考必考） 对比维度 will be going to 计划性 临时决定(（说话时决定) 事先计划（已有安排） 客观依据 主观预测（无证据） 有迹象（有证据） 语气强度 较弱（意愿/承诺） 较强（打算/决心） 与be动词的关 无人称变化 随主语变化am/is/are 系 常用语境 第一人称Iwill表自愿 明确表述未来安排、天气迹象 经典对比例句： A:I don't have money.B:Ill lend you some. (临时愿意) A:I'm going to buy a new bike next month.（已有计划) The sky is so dark.It's going to snow.(有迹象) He will be 15 next year.（客观事实，不用be going to) 5.其他考点（中考常考） There be句型的一般将来时： There will be./There is/are going to be.…(注意：be going to中be要与主语一致，但there be 中be只能用there is going to be或there are going to be) There is going to be a football match tomorrow. 例：There will be more robots in the future. 条件状语从句中的“主将从现”： 主句用一般将来时(w),从句用一般现在时表将来。 例：Ifit rains tomorrow,we will stay at home. 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.-What's your plan for the weekend?-I my grandparents in the countryside. A.visit B.will visit C.am going to visit D.visited 2.Look at the clouds.It soon.Let's take an umbrella A.rains B.is going to rain C.will rain D.rained 3.-I'm sorry I forgot to bring your book.-I it tomorrow. A.brought B.bring C.am going to bring D.will bring 4.There a sports meeting next Friday afternoon. A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.will be have 5. you to the party tomorrow?-Yes,I am. A.Will;go B.Are;going to go C.Do;go D.Did;go 6.He a doctor when he grows up. A.is going to be B.will is C.is going to is D.will be 7.-I'm going to the USA next month A.I'm sorry to hear that. B.Have a good trip! C.The same to you. D.That's right. 8.We a big party if our teacher agrees. A.will have B.are going to have C.have D.had 9.-Mum,I my homework now.Can I watch TV?-No,you A.finish;will B.finished;are going to C.am finishing;will D.will finish;are going 10.The train at 8:00 in the momning.Let's hury. A.leaves B.is going to leave C.will leave D.left (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 Next Sunday 1. be)a special day for me.My family and I 2 (have)a tip to the beach.We 3. (not/go)by bus because my father 4. (drive)his car.I 5. (be) really excited because I love swimming in the sea. My mother says she 6. (take)some delicious food.My sister 7. (bring)her camera to take photos.As for me,I 8. (earn)to surflast year,and I 9 (try)it again this time. The weather report says it 10. (be)sunny and warm.I'm sure we 11 (have)a wonderful day. (三)完成句子 1.明天下午他们要开一场班会。They a class meeting tomorrow afternoon. 2.你打算怎样处理这些旧书？What you with these old books? 3.如果我们不努力，就会落后。We behind if we hard. 4.下周末将有一场英语演讲比赛。There an English speech contest next weekend 5.他刚才说他今晚要完成作业。He said he finish his homework tonight. 6.看那些乌云！马上要下大雨了。Look at the dark clouds!!It heavily. 7.你愿意和我们一起去博物馆吗？ you go to the museum with us? 8.我打算毕业后当一名老师。I a teacher after graduation 9.今天晚上我可能会打电话给你。I you this evening.(call) 10.不要担心，妈妈会帮你找到它的。Dom'twoy.Mm you find it. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.C;2.B;3.D;4.C;5.B;6.A;7.B;8.A;9.C;10.A 选择 1.will be is going to be 2.are going to have /will have 3.aren't going to go won't (二)语法 go 4.will drive is going to drive 5.am 6.will take is going to take 7.will bring 填空 is going to bring 8.learned 9.am going to try/will try 10.will be is going to be 11.will have 1.are going to have will have 2.are;going to do 3.will fall;don't work 4.is going (三)完成 句子 to be/will be 5.was going to would 6.is going to rain will rain 7.Will;like to go Are;going to 8.am going to be will be 9.will call 10.will help 语法精讲精练二 形容词的基本用法（中考/名校难度） 一、核心讲解 1.形容词的定义与功能 项目 内容 形容词(Adjective)是用来修饰名词或代 定义 词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或数 量的词。 形容词在句中只能作定语、表语、补语，不 核心考点 能作谓语，这是中考最基础的易错点。 2.形容词的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作定语（修饰名词，中考高频） 类型 规则 例词/例句 形容词放在名词前（绝大多 前置定语 a beautiful girl,tall trees 数情况) 限定词→描绘词→大小/长短 口诀：美小圆旧黄，法国木 多个形容词顺序 →形状/新旧→颜色一→国籍/ 书房例：a small1 ound red 材料→类别→名词 Chinese wooden table ①修饰不定代词 (something/anything/nothing/e verything等)时，形容词后置 ②以-able/ible结尾的形容词 1I have something important 后置定语（特殊） 修饰不定代词时可后置；部 to tell you.2 the only person awake 分表语形容词 (alone/asleep/awake等)修饰 名词时后置 (2)作表语（放在系动词后，中考高频） 系动词类型 常见词 示例 be动词 am/is/are/was/were The flower is beautiful. 感官动词 look/sound/smell/taste/feel The flower smells sweet. 变化动词 become/get/tumn/grow It gets cold in winter. 保持动词 keep/stay/remain Please stay quiet. 易错辨析 √The flower smells sweet.(sweet作表语，修饰flower) X The sweet flower is red.(sweet作定语，修饰iflower) (3)作宾语补足语（放在宾语后，中考中档） 结构 常见搭配动词 示例 keep/make/leave/find/think 动词+宾语+形容词 We should keep our classroom feel clean. 考，点：make/keep+宾语+形容词的固定搭配，常出现在语法填空和完成句子中。 (④)形容词的级（原级/比较级/最高级，中考核心重难点） 级别 用法 结构 示例 as+形容词原级+as 表示事物本身的性 (和…一样)not This book is as 原级 质，无比较 asso+形容词原级+ interesting as that one. as(不如…) 形容词比较级+han 两者比较，表 the+比较级，he+ Lily is taller than Lucy. 比较级 “更…” 比较级（越… The more you read,the 越…) wiser you are. he+形容词最高级+ This is the most 名词+范围 beautiful city in China 三者及以上比较，表 最高级 (in/of...)one of the He is one of the “最…” +形容词最高级+ hardest-working 复数名词 students 考点提示 比较级特殊变形：good/well→better;bad/badly→worse;many/much一→more 最高级特殊变形：far→farthest/furthest 范围介词：in+地点，of+群体 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考) (①)形容词vs副词 词性 修饰对象 示例 形容词 名词/代词 He is a careful boy. He does his homework 副词 动词/形容词/副词/整个句子 carefully. 考点：词性转换(care→careful→carefully),,语法填空高频考点。 (2)以-y结尾的形容词 说明 例词 示例 不是所有以-y结尾的词都 fiiendly,lovely,lonely,lively, She is a friendly girl. 是副词！部分是形容词 daily 比较级/最高级变化 fiiendly→friendlier→ She is friendlier than me. friendliest 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news. A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room A.quietly B.quiet C.quietly D.quietness 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it. A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.The we prepare,the we will feel in the exam. A.more more confident B.much confident C.most most confident D.many confident 8.-Is this book ?-Yes,it's my favorite.I like it very much A.yours B.your C.you D.yourself 9.She is a girl.Everyone likes to make friends with her. A.friend B.friendly C.friendlier D.friendliest 10.This kind of flower smells A.well B.good C.badly D.nicely (二)语法填空（共10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend is Lily.She is a 1. (love)girl with big eyes.She is not only 2. (help)but also hard-working.Every morning,she gets up 3. (early)than me to read English.She always gets good grades because she studies 4. (careful). Last week,we had a school trip to the countryside.The scenery there was 5. (beautiful)than I expected.We picked fresh fruits and fed small animals.Lily was 6. (excite)than any other student.She took many photos and told me that she wanted to visit there again. On the way back,I felt a little tired.Lily noticed it and shared her water with me.She is really a7. (care)friend.I think she is one of the 8.(popular)students in our class. Do you want to make friends with a girl like her?If you do,you will have a 9. (wonder)time.She is always ready to help others and never says a bad word about anyone. She is truly a 10. (value)friend. (三)完成句子（共10题) 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is as as that one. 2.他是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。 Heis of the most students in our class. 3.请保持教室干净整洁。 Please the classroom and tidy. 4.这件衣服不如那件漂亮。 This dress is not beautiful as that one. 5.你越努力，就会越优秀。 The you work,the you will be. 6.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 I have important to tell you 7.这种花闻起来很香。 This kind of flower sweet 8她是一个友好的女孩，我们都喜欢和她相处。 She is a girl.We all like to get along with her. 9这是我看过的最感人的电影。 This is the most movie I have ever seen 10.他的爸爸看起来很年轻，其实他已经四十多岁了。 His father looks very but he is in his forties. 三、 参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.A;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.lovely 2.helpful ;3.earlier 4.carefully 5.more beautiful 6.more excited 填空 7.caring ;8.most popular 9.wonderful 10.valuable (三)完成 1.as interesting as ;2.one/hardest-working ;3.keep/clean 4.as/so beautiful as 句子 5.harder/better 6.something 7.smells ;8.fiiendly /on 9.moving 10.young