Unit 5知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了“思想的力量”单元内容，涵盖重点单词、词汇变形、核心短语、关键句型及被动语态（一般现在时与一般过去时）语法知识，搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到综合练习巩固的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词形关联表”“语法三步法”“高频考点提醒”构建知识体系，如将“invent→invention→inventor”等词汇变形集中呈现，用“找宾语—变be+过去分词—加by短语”三步法解析主动变被动逻辑，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“不规则动词必背清单”和分层巩固练习（填空、选择、完成句子），不同基础学生可高效掌握要点，教师可直接用于课堂复习或作业设计，提升教学实效。

2024人教版英语九年级上册 Unit 5 Power of Ideas知识清单 📖 单元主题：思想的力量 —— 探讨古今发明创造，系统学习被动语态（一般现在时 & 一般过去时） 一、重点单词 English 中文 拓展/变形 invention 发明；创造 invent v. → invention n.（可数）→ inventor n. camera 照相机 digital camera 数码相机 laptop 笔记本电脑 lap（大腿）+ top（上面）→ 复数laptops high-speed 高速的 high-speed train 高铁 sunglasses 墨镜 复数名词；a pair of sunglasses 一副墨镜 mini- 微型的；短的（前缀） mini-camera 迷你相机；mini-skirt 迷你裙 button 按钮；扣子 press the button 按按钮 produce 生产；繁育 product n. 产品；production n. 生产 file （计算机）文件 save/open a file 保存/打开文件 plastic 塑料（的） 不可数名词；plastic bags 塑料袋 printer 打印机 print v. → printer n. invent 发明；编造 invent v. → invention n. → inventor n. suppose 认为；推断 suppose sb. to do sth.；I suppose so./not. reality 现实；事实 real adj. → reality n.；in reality = in fact papermaking 造纸工艺 paper（纸）+ making（制作）→ 中国古代四大发明之一 responsible 有责任的；作为原因的 be responsible for 对……负责；responsibility n. expensive 昂贵的 反义词cheap；more expensive → most expensive ideal 最合适的；理想的 ideal adj./n.；ideal method 理想方法 widely 广泛地；普遍地 wide adj. → widely adv.；widely used 广泛使用 communicate 交流；沟通 communicate with sb.；communication n. transport 运输；交通工具 transport n./v.；public transport 公共交通 print 打印；印刷 print out 打印出来；printer n. 打印机 send 发送；寄 send-sent-sent（不规则）；send a message 发信息 spread 传播；散布 spread-spread-spread（不变形！） connect 连接 connect...to/with... 把……连接到…… affect 影响 have an effect on 对……有影响；effect n. achieve 实现；达成 achieve dreams 实现梦想；achievement n. change 改变 change the world 改变世界；make a change 做出改变 thought 思想；思考 think的过去式/名词；deep thought 深思 thinker 思想家 think v. → thinker n. 二、词汇变形汇总 1. invent v. 发明 → invention n. → inventor n. 发明家 1. produce v. 生产 → product n. 产品 → production n. 生产 1. print v. 打印 → printer n. 打印机 → printing n. 印刷 1. real adj. 真实的 → reality n. 现实 → realize v. 实现 1. responsible adj. 有责任的 → responsibility n. 责任 1. wide adj. 宽的 → widely adv. 广泛地 → width n. 宽度 1. communicate v. 交流 → communication n. 交流 1. achieve v. 实现 → achievement n. 成就 1. think v. 思考 → thought（过去式）→ thinker n. 思想家 1. create v. 创造 → creative adj. → creativity n. 创造力 1. discover v. 发现 → discovery n.（复数discoveries） 1. send → sent → sent（不规则变化！） 1. spread → spread → spread（不变形！） 1. make → made → made（不规则变化） 1. write → wrote → written（不规则变化） 1. think → thought → thought（不规则变化） 1. find → found → found（不规则变化） 三、重点短语 1. creative ideas 创意想法 1. talk about inventions 谈论发明 1. high-speed train 高铁 1. mobile phone 手机 1. a pair of sunglasses 一副太阳镜 1. be used for 被用于（做某事） 1. be invented by sb. 由某人发明 1. be made by... 由……制作 1. be connected to 被连接到 1. be sent across... 被发送跨越…… 1. look like 看起来像 1. make hundreds of kinds of dishes 做上百种菜肴 1. send a file to... 发送文件到…… 1. read the file 读取文件 1. produce an object 制作物品 1. the most useful invention 最有用的发明 1. travel very slowly 传播得很慢 1. spread around the world in seconds 在几秒内传遍世界 1. have a big effect on 对……有很大影响 1. enjoy music from artists around the world 欣赏世界各地艺术家的音乐 1. make a mind map 制作思维导图 1. all over the world = around the world 全世界 1. in reality = in fact 事实上 1. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 1. achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想 1. come up with 想出（想法/办法） 1. make a big change 做出巨大改变 1. hundreds of 数以百计的 1. in seconds 在几秒钟内 四、重点句型 ★ The telephone is one of the most important inventions in history. → 电话是历史上最重要的发明之一。（one of + 最高级 + 复数名词） ★ Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. → 造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。 ★ The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. → 电话由亚历山大·贝尔于1876年发明。（一般过去时被动语态） ★ The file is read by the 3D printer and an object is produced. → 文件被3D打印机读取，然后制作出一个物品。（一般现在时被动） ★ Good ideas can change people's lives. → 好的想法能够改变人们的生活。（主动语态） ★ A message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean in seconds. → 一条信息在几秒钟内被传送跨越大西洋。（被动语态） ★ It is supposed that hard work leads to success. → 人们认为努力会带来成功。（It is supposed that... 主语从句） ★ Smoking is responsible for many diseases. → 吸烟是导致很多疾病的原因。（be responsible for） 五、语法知识 📌 被动语态系统精讲（一般现在时 & 一般过去时） 【一、什么是被动语态？】 ◆ 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 → The boy broke the window. ◆ 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 → The window was broken by the boy. ◆ 使用场景：不知道动作执行者/强调动作承受者/客观陈述 【二、被动语态结构公式】 ◆ 核心公式：be + 过去分词（be动词随时态变化） ◆ 加by短语引出执行者（可省略）：be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) 【三、一般现在时被动语态】 ◆ 结构：am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken in many countries.（许多国家说英语） The file is read by the 3D printer.（文件被3D打印机读取） The windows are cleaned every day.（窗户每天被打扫） ◆ 否定：am/is/are + not + 过去分词 English is not spoken in this country. ◆ 疑问：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词? Is English spoken in Japan? — Yes, it is. 【四、一般过去时被动语态】 ◆ 结构：was/were + 过去分词 The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.（电话由贝尔于1876年发明） The window was broken yesterday.（窗户昨天被打破了） These houses were built last year.（这些房子是去年建的） ◆ 否定：was/were + not + 过去分词 The message was not sent successfully. ◆ 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词? Was the telephone invented in 1876? — Yes, it was. 【五、主动变被动的"三步法"（必考！）】 Step 1：找出原句的宾语 → 变为主语 Step 2：把动词变为"be + 过去分词"（be随时态变化） Step 3：原句主语变为by短语（可省略） 主动：Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 被动：The telephone was invented (by Bell) in 1876. 【六、被动语态高频考点提醒】 ◆ ⚠️ 不及物动词无被动！（happen, occur, break out, take place等） ❌ The accident was happened yesterday. → ✅ The accident happened yesterday. ◆ ⚠️ 双宾语动词（give/send/show/tell）变被动，两种均可： He gave me a book. → I was given a book. / A book was given to me. ◆ ⚠️ make/let/have + 宾语 + do（主动省to）→ 被动时to要还原： 主动：He made me laugh. → 被动：I was made to laugh.（to不能省！） 【七、高频不规则动词过去分词（必背）】 invent → invented（规则） discover → discovered（规则） make → made write → written send → sent break → broken build → built speak → spoken teach → taught think → thought find → found 6、 巩固练习 一、单词/短语填空 1. English ______ (speak) in many countries around the world. 2. The book ______ (write) by a famous writer last year. 3. Rice ______ (grow) in the south of China. 4. The window ______ (break) by the naughty boy yesterday. 5. Many trees ______ (plant) in our school every year. 二、单项选择 1. The Great Wall ______ by millions of people every year. A. visits B. is visited C. was visited 2. The letter ______ by him yesterday. A. writes B. is written C. was written 3. Basketball ______ in 1891. A. invents B. is invented C. was invented 4. This kind of car ______ in Germany. A. makes B. is made C. was made 5. The homework must ______ on time. A. finish B. be finished C. finished 6. The room ______ every day. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. was cleaned 7. The song ______ by Jay Chou. A. sings B. is sung C. was sung 8. The bridge ______ last year. A. builds B. is built C. was built 9. Trees ______ by people to make paper. A. cut B. are cut C. were cut 10. The work ______ tomorrow. A. will finish B. will be finished C. is finished 三、完成句子 1. 英语被全世界很多人说。 English ______ ______ by many people around the world. 2. 这本书是去年写的。 This book ______ ______ last year. 3. 我们学校每年种很多树。 Many trees ______ ______ in our school every year. 4. 这个杯子是我弟弟打碎的。 The cup ______ ______ by my brother. 5. 教室每天都被打扫。 The classroom ______ ______ every day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $