Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法专项（北师大版）

Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★过去进行时的用法 ★when/while引导的时间状语从句 语法精讲精练一 1.过去进行时的定义与构成 定义：过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动 作。强调动作在过去某个时间点或时间段内持续发生。 构成：was/were+动词的现在分词(-img形式) 人称/数 主语 助动词 动词-ing 例句 单数第一/三人称I/He/She/It I was reading at was doing 8:00 last night. They were 复数第一/二人称 were 及单数第二人称 We /You /They doing playing basketball at that time. 否定式：was/were+not+doing 疑问式：was/were+主语+doing 2.过去进行时的四大核心用法（中考高频考点） (1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 常与具体的时间点连用，如：at7:00 yesterday,.at that moment,.at this time last night等。 例：I was having breakfast at7:00 this moming. 考点：时间点前常用at,强调“那一刻正在做”。 (2)表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作 常与时间段连用，如：fom8:00to10:00,all moming,the whole aftemoon等。 We were watching TV from 7:00 to 9:00 last night. (3)与when引导的时间状语从句连用（中考高频） 结构：过去进行时+when+一般过去时 含义：一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生（短动作)。 例：I was sleeping when the phone rang. 考点：when后常用一般过去时表示“突然发生的动作”。 (4)与while引导的时间状语从句连用（中考高频） 结构：过去进行时+while+过去进行时或一般过去时+wile+过去进行时 含义：两个动作同时持续进行，或一个动作进行时另一个动作也在进行。 The students were talking while the teacher was explaining 考点：while/后常用进行时，强调“在…期间”。 易混辨析：when vs.while 连词 常见时态搭配 动作特点 示例 进行时+一般过去时 一个长动作被短动作 I was reading when he when /两个都一般过去时 打断 came in 进行时+进行时/ He was singing while I while 两个长动作同时进行 般过去时+进行时 was dancing. 3.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别（中考必考） 时态 用法 强调点 例句 表示过去完成的动作 I ate an apple 一般过去时 动作已经结束 或状态 yesterday.(吃完了) I was eating an apple 表示过去未完成、正 过去进行时 动作在持续过程中 when he came. （正在 在进行的动作 吃，没吃完) 考点：两者常在同一句中对比出现，需根据语境判断动作是否完成。 4.动词ng形式的变形规则（基础考点） 情况 规则 示例 直接加-ing work→working,play→ 一般情况 playing make→making,write→ 以不发音e结尾 去e加-ing writing 重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有 Iun→1 unning,sW1m→ 双写末尾字母再加-ing 一个辅音字母 swimming 以ie结尾 变ie为y再加-ing die→dying,lie→lying 5.常见时间状语标志词（中考高频） 具体时间点：at8:00 last night,.at that time,.at this time yesterday 时间段：fiom.to.,all day yesterday,the whole momning 从句引导词：when,whle,as 其他：at that moment,.then,just then 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.-What were you doing at 9:00 last night? A.take B.took C.was taking D.am taking 2.They a football match from 2:00 to 4:00 yesterday afternoon. A.watch B.watched C.were watching D.are watching 3.-I called you at 8:00 this moming,but nobody answered.-Oh,I in the garden at that time. A.was working B.worked C.am working D.work 4.While we dinner,the lights suddenly went out. A.have B.had C.were having D.are having 5.She her homework when her mother came back A.does B.did C.was doing D.is doing 6.The kids happily in the park at 4:00 yesterday A.played B.were playing C.play D.are playing 7.-Did you see Tom at the party? A.stays B.stayed C.was staying D.is staying 8.It hard when we left the library. A.rains B.rained C.was raining D.is raining 9.My father a newspaper while my mother was cooking. A.reads B.read C.was reading D.is reading 10.-What were you doing at this time yesterday? A.listen B.listened C.was listening D.am listening (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 Last Sunday,I 1. (have)a wonderful day.At 8:00 in the moming,I 2. (run)in the park.While I 3. (enjoy)the fresh air,I 4. (meet)my old fiend Bob.He 5. jog)at that time,too.We 6. (decide)to have breakfast together.At 9:30,we 7. (sit)in a small cafe and 8. (talk)about our school life.Bob said he 9. (study)for the coming exam the whole week.I 10. (feel)a little sory for him because I had been playing all the time. (三)完成句子 1.昨晚8点我正在做作业。 I my homework at 8:00 last night. 2.当她到达时，我们正在吃晚饭。We dinner when she arrived. 3.他们从上午9点到11点一直在踢足球。They football from 9:00 to 11:00 in the 1m01111ng 4.老师进来时，学生们正在大声说话。The students loudly when the teacher came in. 5.我妈妈在做饭，而我在听音乐。My mother while I to music 6.昨天这个时候你在干什么？What you at this time yesterday? 7.他正在写一封信，这时电话铃响了。He a letter when the phone 8.孩子们在公园里玩了一整个下午。The children in the park the whole afternoon. 9.她昨天没来上学，因为她在发烧。She didn't come to school because she fever. 10.当你打电话时，我正在洗澡。1 a shower when you called. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.C;2.C;3.A;4.C;5.C;6.B;7.C;8.C;9.C;10.C 选择 (二)语法 1.had 2.was running 3.was enjoying 4.met 5.was jogging 6.decided 7.were 填空 sitting 8.talking 9.was studying 10.felt 1.was doing 2.were having ;3.were playing 4.were talking 5.was cooking;was (三)完成 listening 6.were;doing 7.was writing;rang 8.were playing 9.was having 句子 10.was taking 章 语法精讲精练二 l.when与while的定义与功能 时间状语从句由连词when或while引导，表示主句动作发生的时间背景或两个动作的先 后/同时关系。中考常考两者的用法区别及主从时态搭配。 1.核心考点（两大对比) 考点 when引导的从句 while引导的从句 “在…期间”/“正… 基本含义 “当…的时候” 时” 可表示短暂性动作（点动 通常表示持续性动作（段动 动作类型 词)或持续性动作（段动 词)或状态 词) 主句过去进行时，从句过去 主句一般过去时，从句一般 进行时（两动作同时进 过去时；主句过去进行时， 常见时态搭配 行)；主句一般过去时，从 从句一般过去时(“突然” 句过去进行时（从句动作持 含义) 续进行时，主句动作发生) 可表示“这时突然”(=and 不能表示“突然”，但可表 at that moment),,常用于 示对比（而），如：Ike 特殊用法 was/were doing...when... sports while my sister likes 构 music 可以，但更常见与一般时连 常与进行时连用，强调动作 是否可与进行时连用 用 的持续 1.时态搭配详解（四大模式) ①主句一般过去时+wen/while从句一般过去时 表示两个动作先后或同时发生，从句动作可短暂可持续。 例：I called you when I got home..（当我到家时我给你打了电话一一先后) 例：He sang while he walked.(他一边走路一边唱歌-一 同时) ②主句过去进行时+when从句一般过去时（中考高频） 表示“正在做某事时，突然发生了另一件事”，when后通常用短暂性动词。 例：I was watching TV when the phone rang.(我正在看电视，突然电话响了。) 【考点】when不可换为while,因为while后一般不接短暂性动词。 ③主句过去进行时+while从句过去进行时 表示两个动作同时进行，强调“在…期间”。 例：My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(我在做作业时，妈妈在做 饭。) ④主句一般过去时+wle从句过去进行时 表示“在从句动作持续的过程中，主句动作发生了”，此时wile强调时间背景。 例：While I was reading,she came in.(我正在读书时，她进来了。) 1.易混考点辨析（中考必考） (1)when与while互换的条件 当从句动词是持续性动词时，wen和while通常可以互换。 例：When/While I was studying,.my friend called..(当我在学习时，朋友打电话来了。) 但when后接短暂性动词时，不能换为whileo When the bell rang,we stopped talking.(x While the bell rang) (2)while的特殊用法（对比） whle可表示“而，然而”，连接两个并列分句，表示对比关系，此时不是时间状语从 句。 例：Tom is tall while his brother is short.(汤姆很高，而他弟弟很矮。) 【考点】中考常将wil的“对比”用法与时间状语从句混在一起考查，需根据句意判 断。 (3)when的特殊用法（突然) was/were doing.when..结构中，when=and at that moment,意为“正在…突 然…”。 例：We were playing football when it started to rain.(我们正在踢足球，突然下起了雨。) (4)时态一致性原则 时间状语从句中，若主句为过去时，从句通常用过去时态（一般过去、过去进行等）；若 主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来(whe/whle引导的状语从句，用一般现在时代 替一般将来时)。 例：I will call you when I arrive.（当我到达时，我会打电话给你。不能用I will arrive) 1.考点总结（表格速记) 结构 含义 时态搭配 中考提示 主句一般过去，从句 when+短暂性动词 当…时（一点) when不可换while 一般过去 主从均一般过去，或 可换whle(但“突 when+持续性动词 当…时（一段) 主句过去进行+从句 然”义不可换) 般过去（突然） 主句过去进行+从句 while+持续性动词/ 过去进行，或主句 在…期间/同时 whle强调持续 进行时 般过去+从句过去进 行 不是时间状语从句， whle(对比) 而，然而 两个分句时态独立 是并列句 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.I was reading a book my sister was watching TV. A.when B.while C.as D.until 2. the teacher came into the classroom,the students stopped talking. A.While B.When C.Because D.If 3.My mother was cooking dinner I got home yesterday A.while B.when C.as soon as D.until 4.Tomis very outgoing his twin brother is shy. A.when B.while C.because D.so 5.We were playing basketball it began to rain heavily. A.while B.when C.as D.since 6. I was walking in the park,I saw a beautiful bird. A.When B.While C.Until D.After 7.Please call me you arrive at the airport. A.while B.when C.until D.as 8.Don't talk you are eating. A.when B.while C.after D.before 9.He was sleeping someone knocked at the door. A.while B.when C.until D.because 10. I was young,I liked to play with my grandpa A.When B.While C.Both A and B D.Unless (二)语法填空（共10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入所给词的正确形式，使短文通顺完整。每空一词。 Last Sunday,I had a great day.I 1. (do)my homework in the morning 2. (when/while)I heard a knock at the door.It was my friend Mike.He invited me to go to the park.We 3. (ride)bikes together 4. (when/while)we were talking happily.Suddenly,Mike shouted,"Look!Alittle dog is lying on the grass!"We stopped and found the dog looked weak. 5. (when/while)we were thinking about what to do,an old woman came over.She said the dog was hers.She 6. (look)for it when we saw her.We helped her carry the dog home.On the way,she told us that the dog 7.(be)sick.She was very thankful. After that,Mike and I went on riding.8. (when/while)we passed a small shop,we bought some ice cream.We sat on a bench 9. (when/while)we enjoyed the ice cream.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.What a wonderful afternoon!I will never forget the day 10. (when/while)we helped a lost dog. (三)完成句子（共10题） 1.当我到家时，我的妈妈正在做晚饭。 My mother was cooking dinner 2.他正在游泳时突然听到了求救声。 He was swimming he a cry for help. 3.我一边听音乐一边写作业。 I was doing my homework I was music. 4.不要一边吃饭一边玩手机。 Don't play with your phone you 5.我们正在打扫教室，这时老师进来了。 We were the classroom the teacher came in. 6.我的哥哥喜欢运动，而我喜欢阅读。 My brother likes sports, I reading 7.当你到达北京时，请给我打电话。 Please call me you in Beijing. 8.在那个女孩唱歌时，其他学生都在听。 The other students were listening the girl 9.直到我离开，他才开始写作业。（不用until) He started doing his homework when 10.我年轻的时候经常和朋友踢足球。 I often played football with my friends 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.B;10.C (二)语法 1.was doing 2.when 3.rode 4.while ;5.While 6.was looking 7.was 填空 8.When 9.while 10.when (三)完成 1.when I got home 2.when;heard 3.while;listening to 4.while;are eating 句子 5.cleaning;when 6.while,like/enjoy 7.when;arive 8.while,was singing 9.I left 10.when I was young