Unit 2 Safety（上）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（北师大版）

Unit 2 Safety 知识点精讲（上） safety mobile treat useful situation common push ⊙单元核心词汇 follow instruction take care of belongings problem; wisely happen frightening scared 。单元同步语法 情态动词must/mustn't,.have to/don't have to,should/shouldn't 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.safety/'serfti/n.安全 词形变化：safe(adj.安全的)；safely(adv.安全地) 搭配：in safety安全地；road safety道路安全 例句：e should care about our safety.我们应该关心我们的安全。 2.mobile/'meubarl/adj.可移动的；流动的 词形变化：mobility(n.流动性) 搭配：mobile phone手机；mobile library流动图书馆 例句：He lost his mobile phone.他丢了手机。 3.treat/tri:t/v.对待；治疗；款待 词形变化：treatment(n.对待；治疗)方 搭配：treat..as把.…当作；treat sb.to sth.用某物款待某人 例句：e should treat animals with kindness.我们应该友善对待动物。 4.usef/ju:sfl/adj..有用的；有益的 词形变化：use(v.n.使用)；useless(adj.无用的)；usefully(ad.) 搭配：be useful for对..有用；be useful to对.有帮助 例句：A dictionary is very useful..字典非常有用。 5.situation/.stu'eIn/n.情况；形势；处境 词形变化：situate(W.使位于)；situated(adj.位于) 搭配：in a dangerous situation处于危险情况；the present situation现状 例佝：Ne need to stay calm in difficult situations..在困难情况下我们需要保持冷 静。 6.common/'kpmen/ad.常见的；共同的；普通的 词形变化：commonly(adw.);uncommon(adj.不常见的) 搭配：common sense常识；in common共同 例佝：This bird is common in the park.这种鸟在公园里很常见。 7 push /puf/V.推；推动；敦促 词形变化：pushed(过去式)；pushing(现在分词) 搭配：push away推开；push on推进；push for努力争取 例佝：Don't push the door-pull it..不要推门—拉它。 8.follow/'fpleu/.v.跟随；遵循；理解 词形变化：follower(n.追随者)；following(adj./n.) 搭配：follow the rules遵守规则；follow one's advice听从某人的建议 例佝：Please follow the instructions..请遵循说明。 9.nstruction/n'strAkJn/n.指示；说明；教学 词形变化：instruct(W.指导)；instructor(n.教练) 搭配：follow instructions按照说明；instructions for use使用说明 例句：Read the instructions before use..使用前阅读说明书。 10.take care of短语.照顾；照看(=look after) 词形变化：care(v.ln.关心)；careful(ad.);carefully(adv.);careless(adj.) 搭配：take good care of好好照顾 例句：My mother takes care of me..我妈妈照顾我。 11.belongings/br'IpnInz/n.财物；所有物（复数） 词形变化：belong(N.属于)；belonging(n.归属) 搭配：personal belongings个人财物 例句：Don't leave your belongings here.别把你的财物留在这里。 12.problem/'prpblem/n.问题；难题 词形变化：problematic(adj.有问题的) 搭配：have a problem with有.…问题；solve a problem解决问题 例句：This is a common problem.这是一个常见问题。 13.wisely /'warzli/adw.明智地；聪明地 词形变化：wise(adj.明智的)；wisdom(n.智慧) 搭配：use time wisely明智地利用时间 例佝：He spent his money wisely.他明智地花钱。 14.happen/'haepen/v.发生；a碰巧 词形变化：happening(n.事件)；happened(过去式) 搭配：happen to do碰巧做；sth.happen to sb.某事发生在某人身上 例佝：Nhat happened to you'?你发生什么事了？ 15.frightening/'frartnIn/adj.令人害怕的；吓人的 词形变化：frighten(v.使害怕)；frightened(adj.感到害怕的)；fright(n.惊吓下 搭配：frightening experience可怕的经历 例句：The sound was frightening..那声音很吓人。 16.scared/skeed/adj.感到害怕的 词形变化：scare(M.使害怕)；scary(adj.恐怖的) 搭配：be scared of害怕...；get scared害怕起来 例佝：She is scared of dogs.她害怕狗。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一）单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.We should follow the (instruct)carefully 2.The cat (treat)her kittens gently 3.This dictionary is very (use)for English learners 4.Don't (push)others in a crowd. 5.She is (frighten)of the dark. 6.He solved the (problem)quickly. 7.Always take care of your (belong) 8.The situation is (danger).We must stay safe 9.Please use your money_ (wise). 10.Good (safe)is important when riding a bike. 11.A (mobile)phone can connect us anytime. 12.The car (happen)to break down on the way. 13. (follow)the teacher's advice if you want to improve 14.It's (common)for students to make mistakes. 15.The film was (frighten),so Tom couldn't sleep. (二)短文填空 Last weekend,Tom and his family went camping.Tom wanted to stay 1._ so he 2. the 3. carefully.He put away his 4. in the tent. A5. phone was useful for emergencies.Suddenly,a 6. noise 7. in the forest.Tom felt a little 8. but his dad 9 it calmly.“This is a10. situation in the wild,"Dad said."We need to 11. each other.Don't 12. too much.Use your brain 13. .They stayed safe and 14._ through the difficulty.What a lesson! 参考答案 1.instructions;2.treats;3.useful;4.push;5.frightened;6.problem; (一）单句填空 7.belongings;8.dangerous;9.wisely;10.safety;11.mobile; 12.happened;13.Follow;14.common;15.frightening 1.safe;2.followed;3.instructions;4.belongings;5.mobile;6.frightening; (二)短文填空 7.happened;8.scared;9.treated;10.common;11.take care of; 12.problem;13.wisely;14.pushed 教材同步·语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 情态动词：must/mustn't,have to/don't have to,should/shouldn't 情态动词 用法 肯定/否定形式 意义 例句 表示主观"必 You must 须”，强调说话 must+动词原 finish your must 必须 形 homework 人自己的意志 first. You mustn't 表示"禁止” mustn't+动词 mustn't 绝对不可以 run in the 语气很强 原形 classroom. 表示客观"不得 have to+动词 I have to get have to 不”，强调外界 原形（第三人称 不得不，必须 up early 要求或环境 单数用has to) tomorrow. don't have to You don't have 表示"不必“ don't have to doesn't have 不必 to wear a 没有义务 to uniform today. You should 表示建议、 劝告 should+动词 should 应该 drink more "应该” 原形 water. You shouldn't shouldn't+动 spend too shouldn't 表示“不应该” 不应该 词原形 much time on games. ★易混点 -must侧重主观；have to侧重客观（外部规定或情况）。 -mustn't是"禁止”；don't have to是"不必"。 -should语气比must弱，表示建议而非强制。 考点通关 单元语法 一：单项选择(8题) 1.You touch the hot stove.It's dangerous. A.must B.mustn't C.have to D,should 2.We finish the work before 5 p.m.The boss asked us to. A.mustn't B.don't have to C.have to D.shouldn't 3.You worry about the exam.You have prepared well. A.must B.mustn't C.have to D.don't have to 4.Students listen carefully in class.It's a good habit. A.should B.shouldn't C.have to D.mustn't 5.-Must I clean the room now?-No,you You can do it later. A.mustn't B.don't have to C.shouldn't D.have to 6.You eat too many sweets.It's bad for your teeth. A.must B.have to C.shouldn't D.don't have to 7.In the library,you keep quiet. A.must B.mustn't C.don't have to D.shouldn't 8.1 go to the dentist because i have a toothache. A.must B.mustn't C.should D.don't have to 二：语法填空(10题) 用must,mustn't,have to,don't have to,should,shouldn't的正a确研形式填空。 1.We (follow)the school rules 2.You (park)here.It's a no-parking area. 3.She (finish)her report by Friday.Her boss told her. 4.You (drink)coffee before bed.It may keep you awake. 5.-Do1 (bring)my student card tomorrow?-Yes,you do. 6.Tom,you (talk)with your mouth full.It's impolite. 7.We (arrive)at the station early to catch the train. 8.You (pay)for the ticket.It's free today. 9.Everyone (take)part in the cleaning activity.It's required. 10.1 think you (apologize)to her for your mistake. 参考答案 单项选择 1.B;2.C;3.D;4.A;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.A 1.must follow;2.mustn't park;3.has to finish; 二：语法填空 4.shouldn't drink;5.have to bring;6.shouldn't talk; 7.must/should arrive;8.don't have to pay;9.has to take;10.should apologize A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 1.Because hurricanes sometimes happen in our city,it's necessary for our school to have an emergency plan for hurricanes. 结构：Because+原因从句，it's necessary for sb.to do sth. 短语：emergency plan应急计划 译：因为飓风有时会袭击我们的城市，我们学校有必要制定一个飓风应急计划。 2.You can find it on the school website. 结构：主语+can+动词原形+地点状语 短语：on the school website在学校网站上 译：你可以在学校网站上找到它。 (3.If a hurricane happens while you're at school,you have a strong obligation to follow these steps. 结构：If+条件从句，主语+have a strong obligation to do sth. 短语：have a strong obligation to do sth.有强烈的义务做某事 译：如果飓风发生的时候你在学校，你有强烈的义务遵循这些步骤。 4.In a hurricane,it isn't a good idea for you to stay outside. 结构：It isn't a good idea for sb.to do sth. 短语：stay outside待在户外 译：在飓风中，待在户外不是个好主意。 5.It's a good idea for you to go into a building and find somewhere without any windows. 结构：t's a good idea for sb.to do sth. 短语：go into a building进入建筑物；without any windows没有窗户的 译：对你来说，进入建筑物并找到没有窗户的地方是个好主意。 6.Luckily,our school has a basement. 结构：Luckily,+完整句子 译：幸运的是，我们学校有一个地下室。 7.In a hurricane,it's the safest place because it is under the ground. 结构：主句+because+原因从句 短语：the safest place最安全的地方；under the ground在地下 译：在飓风中，它是最安全的地方，因为它是在地下。 8.Everyone has to go to the basement. 结构：主语+has to+动词原形（不得不做某事） 译：每个人都必须去地下室。 9.No one should be upstairs during a hurricane. 结构：No one should+动词原形 短语：during a hurricane在飓风期间 译：飓风期间，没有人应该待在楼上。 10.But don't rush down to the basement. 结构：Don't+动词原形（否定祈使句） 译：但是不要冲向地下室。 11.Follow your teacher's instructions. 结构：动词原形开头（祈使句） 短语：follow sb.s instructions遵循某人的指示 译：听从你老师的指示。 12.It's against the rules for you to run in the corridors or push anyone. 结构：t's against the rules for sb.to do sth, 短语：run in the corridors在走廊里跑；push anyone推任何人 译：你在走廊里跑或推任何人都是违反规定的。 13.It's not necessary for students to send text messages to their families. 结构：It's not necessary for sb.to do sth. 短语：send text messages发短信 译：学生们没有必要给家人发短信。 14.Our school has a special system for sending information to parents. 结构：主语+has+名词+for doing sth. 短语：a special system一个特殊的系统；send information发送信息 译：我们学校有一个专门向家长发送信息的系统。 (15.We hope no hurricane will hit our school,but it's good to be prepared! 结构：主语+hope+从句；it's good to do sth. 短语：be prepared好准备 译：我们希望没有飓风袭击我们的学校，但做好准备是好的！ 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择（从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案） 7 hurricanes sometimes happen in our city,it's necessary to have a plan. A.Because B.So C.But D.And 2.You can find the emergency plan the school website A.at B.in C.on D.of 3.If a hurricane happens,you a strong obligation to follow these steps. A.have B.has C.having D.to have 4.It isn't a good idea for you outside in a hurricane. A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayed 5.A basement is the place because it's under the ground. A.safe B.safer C.safest D.safely 6.No one be upstairs during a hurricane. A.should B.need C.can D.must 7.It's the rules to run in the corridors. A.for B.against C.with D.on 8.Students don't need to text messages to their families. A.send B.sending C.sent D.sends 9.Our school has a special system information to parents. A.for sending B.to sending C.send D.sends 10.It's good prepared for a hurricane. A.to be B.be C.being D.been 练习二：完成狗子（根据中文提示，每空一词） 1因为飓风有时会发生，我们有必要制定一个计划。 hurricanes sometimes happen,it's for us to have a plan. 2你可以在学校网站上找到它。 You can it the school website 3如果飓风发生，你有义务遵循这些步骤。 If a hurricane you an obligation to follow these steps. 4.待在户外不是个好主意。 It isn't a good for you to outside. 5.地下室是最安全的地方。 The basement is the 6.不要冲向地下室。 Don't to the basement. 7.听从你老师的指示。 your instructions. 8在走廊里跑是违反规定的。 It's the to run in the corridors 9.学生没有必要给家人发短信。 It's necessary for students to text messages to their families. 10.我们希望没有飓风袭击我们的学校。 We hope no hurricane our school. 练习三：翻译句子（根据中文意思完成英文句子，每空一词或多词） 1.飓风是一个糟糕的暴风雨。 A hurricane is 2我们学校有一个飓风应急计划。 Our school has an for hurricanes. 3.如果飓风发生，你必须遵循这些步骤。 If a hurricane _you must these steps. 4.进入一个没有窗户的建筑物。 a building without any windows 5.每个人都必须去地下室。 to go to the basement. 6.没有人应该待在楼上。 No one upstairs. 7不要推任何人。 Don't 8我们学校有一个专门发送信息的系统。 Our school has a for sending information. 9做好准备是好的。 It's to prepared. 10.我们希望没有飓风袭击我们学校。 We hope no hurricane will our 参考答案 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.c 练习一：单项选择 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 1.Because;necessary 2.find;on 3.happens;have 4.idea;stay 5.safest place 练习二：完成句子 6.rush down 7.Follow;teacher's 8.against;rules 9.not;send 10.will hit 1.a bad storm 2.emergency plan 3.happens;follow 4.Go into 5.Everyone has 练习三：翻译句子 6.should be 7.push anyone 8.special system 9.good;be 10.hit;school 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 C篇 In many countries,hurricanes are a serious natural disaster.They bring strong winds and heavy rain,causing floods and damage to buildings.Knowing what to do during a hurricane can save lives.Here are some important safety tips from experts. First,always pay attention to weather warnings.When a hurricane is coming,listen to the radio or check the weather app on your mobile phone.If officials tell you to move to a safer place,you must follow their instructions quickly. Second,prepare an emergency kit ()It should include water,food,a flashlight, batteries,and a first-aid kit.You should also keep important documents in a waterproof bag.These preparations can help you stay safe if you have to stay at home for several days. Third,if you are at home during a hurricane,stay away from windows.Find a room without windows,like a basement or an inner hallway You must stay there until the storm passes.Do not go outside even if the wind seems to stop-that could be the eye of the hurricane,and the storm will return. Finally,do not use elevators.If the power goes out,you could get trapped.Instead,use the stairs and move slowly.Also,don't forget to take care of your pets-bring them inside and keep them with you. Learning these safety rules is very important.As the saying goes,"It's better to be safe than sorry." ()1.What is the first thing you should do when a hurricane is coming? A.Prepare an emergency kit. B.Move to a safer place. C.Pay attention to weather warnings D.Stay away from windows. ()2.Why should you not go outside when the wind seems to stop? A.Because the storm might return after the eye. B.Because the officials haven't given permission. C.Because the wind may blow you away. D.Because the ground is too wet. ()3.What does the underlined word "trapped"in Paragraph 5 mean? A.受伤 B.被困 C.迷失 D.摔倒 ()4.What is the best title for this passage? A.How Hurricanes Form B.The Danger of Hurricanes C.Safety Tips During a Hurricane D.How to Prepare an Emergency Kit D篇 Fire is one of the most dangerous things in our daily lives.Every year,thousands of people get hurt or even lose their lives in fires.But many of these accidents could be avoided if people knew the right safety rules. In England,the "Stop,Drop and Roll"method is taught to children at a very young age.If your clothes catch fire,you should stop moving,drop to the ground,and roll over and over.This will put out the flames.Running will only make the fire worse because it adds more oxygen. Another important rule is to have a fire escape plan.Every family should know two ways to get out of each room.For example,if the door is too hot to touch,you should use the window instead.Make sure everyone knows where to meet outside-this helps you check if everyone is safe. Smoke alarms are also necessary.You should test them every month and change the batteries once a year.A working smoke alarm can give you early warning and extra time to escape.In fact,about three out of five fire deaths happen in homes without working smoke alarms. What should you do if there is smoke?Stay low to the ground where the air is cleaner. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet cloth if possible.Never open a door that feels hot-the fire may be right behind it. Remember,fire safety is everyone's responsibility.Don't play with matches or lighters. And if you see a fire,call 119 immediately.Stay calm and follow your plan.Your life is more important than any belongings you might leave behind. ()1.What should you do if your clothes catch fire according to the passage? A.Run as fast as you can. B.Stop,drop and roll. C.Take off your clothes. D.Pour water on yourself. ()2.Why is it important to have a fire escape plan? A.To make sure everyone knows the way out and the meeting place. B.To test the smoke alarms every month. C.To teach children the "Stop,Drop and Roll"method. D.To keep the door closed at night. ()3.How many fire deaths happen in homes without working smoke alarms? A.About two fifths. B.About three fifths C.About one half. D.About one third. ()4.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Firefighters can save everything. B.Life is more important than things. C.Playing with matches is not dangerous. D.You should call 119 after escaping. ()5.What is the main purpose of this passage? A.To describe different kinds of fires. B.To explain how smoke alarms work. C.To give advice on fire safety. D.To tell a story about a fire accident. 二、完形填空 Last Saturday,my family and I went to the city park for a picnic.It was a sunny day, and we were all very happy While my mother was 1. the food,my little brother Tom ran to the lake to watch the ducks.Suddenly,I heard a loud splash ()I looked around and saw Tom 2.in the water!He was trying to swim but he didn't know how. My father jumped into the water 3..He swam to Tom and pulled him to the shore.Tom was coughing and crying.My mother hugged him and said,"Don't be 4. You are safe now." After that,my father told us some important 5.about water safety."First,he said,"never go near the water 6.an adult.Second,if you see someone drowning ()don't jump in 7.you are a good swimmer.You should call for help first.Third,if you fall into water,try to stay calm and float on your back." I learned a lot from this 8.experience.Now I know that water can be dangerous.We should always follow safety rules.Also,it is a good idea to take swimming 9..My parents have already signed me up for a class.I want to learn how to swim well so that I can 10.myself and help others if needed. ()1 A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.to prepare ()2 A.fall B.fell C.falling D.to fall ()3 A.quick B.quickly C.quicker D.quickness ()4A.scare B.scared C.scaring D.scary ()5 A.instruction B.instruct C.instructors D.instructions ()6 A.with B.without C.for D.by ()7A.if B.unless C.because D.so ()8A.frightened B.frightening C.frighten D.fright ()9A.class B.classes C.a class D.the class ()10A.take care of B.take after C.take off D.take down 三、阅读短文回答问题 In the UK,everyone knows the number 999.It is the emergency number.If you are in danger,you can call 999 to ask for help.The police,the fire service,or an ambulance will come to help you.But do you know how to make a good emergency call? First,stay calm.Take a deep breath before you speak.Then,tell the operator ( what the problem is.For example,"There is a fire,"or "Someone is hurt."Next, give your location.Say the street name and the building number.If you are not sure, look for road signs or ask people around you.Finally,answer the operator's questions. Do not hang up until the operator tells you to.They may need more information to send the right help. It is important to remember that you should not call 999 for fun.Playing jokes on the emergency service is against the law.Also,if you call by mistake,tell the operator it was a mistake.They will understand. The emergency number is different in different countries.In the US,it is 911.In China, it is 110 for the police,119 for the fire service,and 120 for an ambulance.But no matter which number you call,the rules are the same:stay calm,be clear,and give your location. 1.What is the emergency number in the UK? 2.According to the passage,what should you do first when making an emergency call? 3.Why should you not hang up until the operator tells you to? 4.What will happen if you call the emergency number for fun? 5.Which emergency number should you call in China if there is a fire? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个 词。) safe,follow,push,treat,situation,wise,belong,happen,scare,instruction,mobile, common Yesterday,I had a frightening 1..I was walking home after school when a stranger started to 2. .me.I was very 3.and didn't know what to do. Suddenly,I remembered my father's 4.:"Stay calm and 5.the crowd."I quickly looked around and saw some people nearby.I ran towards them and asked for help.The stranger left quickly.Later,I called my mother using my 6. phone.She told me to find a 7.place and wait for her.When she arrived,she hugged me and said I had acted 8..She also reminded me to always keep my 9. close and not to walk alone in the dark.It is 10.for people to meet dangers in life,but if we stay calm,we can protect ourselves. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 话题：How to Stay Safe During a Hurricane 提示： 1为什么我们需要了解飓风安全知识？ 2在飓风来临前，我们应该做什么？ 3.在飓风期间，我们应该怎么做？ 4你对安全的看法是什么？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、 阅读理 C篇：1.C2.A3.B4.C 解 D篇：1.B2.A3.B4.B5.C 二、完形填 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.B;5.D;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.B;10.A 空 1.999 2.Stay calm./Take a deep breath. 三、阅读短 文回答问题 3.Because the operator may need more information to send the right help 4.You will break the law.It is against the law. 5.119 四、短文填 1.situation 2.push 3.scared 4.instructions 5.follow 6.mobile 7.safe 8. 空 wisely 9.belongings 10.common 五、写作 范文： How to Stay Safe During a Hurricane Hurricanes are dangerous storms,so it is necessary for us to learn safety rules.Before a hurricane comes,we should prepare an emergency kit and follow the weather warnings.During the hurricane,we must stay inside a building without windows.It's a good idea to go to the basement.We shouldn't run or push others.Everyone has to follow the teacher's instructions.Safety is very important.We should always be prepared and stay calm in dangerous situations.