Unit 5 Travel（下）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（北师大版）

Unit 5 Travel 知识点精讲（下） 。单元核心词汇 meaningful tradition wounded chance excellent; particularly trade influence 。单元同步语法 现在完成时与过去动作的关联表达 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 .meaningful/'mi:nInfl/adj.有意义的 词形变化：meaning(n.意义；意思)+ful形容词后缀 搭配：meaningful life有意义的生活；meaningless(adj.无意义的) 例佝：Everyone wants a meaningful life.每个人都想过有意义的生活。 2.tradition /tre'dr[n/n.传统 词形变化：traditional(ad.传统的)；traditionally(adv.传统地) 搭配：cultural tradition文化传统；follow the tradition遵循传统 例佝：e should keep our family traditions..我们应该保持家庭传统。 3.wounded/'wu:ndrd/adj.受伤的 词形变化：wound(n.伤口；v.使受伤)；wounding(adj.使人受伤的) 词根：wound(伤) 搭辄：wounded soldier受伤的士兵；be wounded受伤 例佝：The wounded bird can't fly..那只受伤的鸟不能飞。 4.chance /tfa:ns/n.机会；可能性v.冒险 词形变化：chances(复数 搭配：by chance偶然；take a chance冒险；have a chance有机会 例句：Take this chance to learn more.抓住这个机会多学点。 5.excellent/'ekselent/adj.极好的；优秀的 词形变化：excellence(n.优秀)；excel(M.擅长) 词根：excel(超越) 搭配：excellent student优秀学生；be excellent at在..方面出色 例句：She is an excellent singer.她是一位优秀的歌手。 6.particularly/ps女kjeleli/adv..特别地；尤其 词形变化：particular(adj.特定的；特别的) 搭配：be particularly interested in对..特别感兴趣 例句：I like animals,particularly dogs.我喜欢动物，尤其是狗。 7 trade /trerd/n.贸易；行业v.交易；交换 词形变化：trader(n.商人)；trading(n.ladj.) 搭配：trade with与.做贸易；trade in交易（某物） 例句：They trade goods with other countries.他们和其他国家进行商品贸易。 8.influence/'Influens/,n.W.影响 词形变化：influential(adj.有影响力的) 搭配：have an influence on对..有影响；under the influence of在.影响下 例句：Friends can influence your choices.朋友会影响你的选择。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一）单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.This book is very It tells us how to be kind. 2.We should respect the festivals of different countries 3.The soldier was badly in the war. 4.Don't miss the to visit the museum. 5.He did an job in the exam. 6.l am interested in Chinese culture 7.The two countries have a long history of with each other. 8.Parents have a great_ on their children. 9.The story is_ and I learn a lot from it. 10.It's a_ to eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival 11.The animals need our help. 12.She likes music, classical music. (二)短文填空 There are many 1. in my family.One of them is to read a 2. story before bed.Last month,I read a book about a 3. eagle.The bird had a 4. to fly again after a kind man helped it.That story was 5. and touched my heart.I 6. like stories about animals.They 7. my feelings a lot.I hope one day I can 8. my old books for new ones with my friend.These activities make my life 9. and happy.We should pass on good 10. to the next generation. 参考答案 1.meaningful;2.traditional;3.wounded; 4.chance;5.excellent;6.particularly;7.trade; (一)单句填空 8.influence;9.meaningful;10.traditional; 11.wounded;12.particularly 1.traditions;2.meaningful;3.wounded; 4.chance;5.excellent;6.particularly; (二)短文填空 7.influence;8.trade;9.meaningful; 10.traditions 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 现在完成时与过去动作的关联表达 项目 内容 现在完成时用来表示过去发生的动作对现在 造成的影响或结果，或者表示从过去持续到 定义 现在的动作或状态。它强调过去动作与现在 的联系，而不单纯说明过去的时间。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分 I have finished my 词+其他 homework. 主语+have/has+not+ She hasn't seen that 否定句 过去分词+其他 movie. Have/Has+主语+过去分 一般疑问向 Have you ever been to 词+其他？ Beijing? 特殊疑问词+have/has+ What have you done 特殊疑问句 主语+过去分词+其他？ today? 用法 说明 例句 过去某时发生的动作，结果 ①已完成影响 I have lost my key.现在找 对现在有影响 不到钥匙) 过去是否做过某事，不强调 ②经历经验 Have you ever tried sushi? 具体时间 从过去开始持续到现在的动 He has lived here for 5 ③持续状态 作或状态（常与for/since:连 用) years. 标志词 含义 位置 肯定句中，放在have/has之 already 已经 后 yet 已经/还 否定句或疑问向句末 ever 曾经 疑问向中，放在主语之后 从未 否定意义，放在have/has之 never 后 just 刚刚 放在have/has之后 before 以前 句末 对比项 现在完成时 一般过去时 强调过去动作对现在的影响 强调动作发生在过去，与现 强调点 或持续到现在 在无关 时间状语 常用already,yet,ever, 常用yesterday,last week, never,just,for,since in 2020,three days ago I have seen the film.我知 I saw the film yesterday. 例句 道剧情，现在) (只说昨天看了，不强调现在) 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.-Have you ever to the Great Wall? -Yes,I have. A.Have;been B.Did;go C.Do;go D.Are;going A.has;cleaned B.have;cleaned C.is;cleaning D.was;cleaning A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish A.ever B.yet C.just D.already A.have;seen B.has;seen C.did;see D.are;see A.writes B.has written C.wrote D.is writing A.has gone B.has been C.went D.goes 8.1 never such a beautiful park before. A.have;seen B.has;seen C.did;see D.will;see 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 1.1 my breakfast.Now I can go to school. 2.- you ever the zoo? -No,I haven't. 3.She this book yet.She wants to read it. 4.They the classroom.It's very tidy. 5.My mother a new dress for me.Look,it's beautiful. 6.— your brother back? -Yes,he has.He is in his room. 7.We each other for ten years. 8.He the room.You can catch him now. 9.l such an amazing animal. 10.-Where is Lucy?-She to the library.She isn't here now. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.A;3.B;4A;5.A;6.C;7.A;8.A 1.have finished;2.Have visited;3.hasn't read;4.have 语法专练二：语法填空 already cleaned;5.has bought;6.Has come;7.have known;8.has just left;9.have never seen;10.has gone A数同止立音句结壮 重点3 文章句型 I.My dad has told me many things about the Silk Road and I am very interested in it. 结构：tell sb.sth.告诉某人某事；be interested in sth.对...感兴趣 中文：我爸爸告诉了我很多关于丝绸之路的事情，我对此非常感兴趣。 2.Although it's called the Silk Road,people traded much more than silk. 结构：Although+从句主句（让步状语从句） 短语：be called.被称为；much more than远不止 中文：虽然它被称为丝绸之路，但人们交易的远不止丝绸。 3.The Silk Road went through Asia,the Middle East,North Africa and Europe. 结构：go through穿过，经过 中文：丝绸之路穿过亚洲、中东、北非和欧洲。 4.It was more than 7,000 km from Xi'an to Rome,and it played an important role in the development of the world. 结构：from...to..从到.；play an important role in..在..中起重要作用 中文：从西安到罗马有7000多公里，它在世界发展中起了重要作用。 5.My family got away for a holiday last summer and went to some famous places along the original road. 短语：get away for a holiday去度假；along the road沿着这条路 中文：去年夏天，我们一家去度假，沿着原来的丝绸之路去了几个著名的地方。 6.We started at Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. 结构：start at.…从..出发；g0onto继续前往. 中文：我们从兰州出发，继续前往武威。 7.Wuwei was a very important city on the Silk Road. 短语：a very important city一个非常重要的城市 中文：武威是丝绸之路上一个非常重要的城市。 8.In ancient times,it was also a capital. 短语：in ancient times在古代 中文：在古代，它也是一个首都。 9.We saw lots of very old stone monuments and people there were very proud of the city's long history. 结构：be proud of..以.…为骄傲 中文：我们看到了许多非常古老的石碑，那里的人们以这座城市悠久的历史为骄傲。 10.It's on the edge of the desert,and was an important place on the Silk Road. 短语：on the edge of..在..的边缘 中文：它位于沙漠边缘，是丝绸之路上的一个重要地点。 11.Even today,it's a modern city that many business people travel through. 结构：that引导定语从句，修饰city 短语：travel through穿过，经过 中文：即使在今天，它也是一座现代化城市，许多商人会经过这里。 12.I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan. 结构：find out about..了解到；written by..由..写的（过去分词作定语） 中文：我第一次了解到玉门关是在王之涣写的著名诗歌中。 13.It was in the Gobi Desert and was once an important connection between Central Asia and China. 短语：an important connection between..and....和..…之间的重要连接 中文：它在戈壁沙漠中，曾经是中亚和中国之间的重要连接点。 14.I wonder how people ever made it through the desert so long ago. 结构：wonder+特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句；make it through成功穿越 中文：我想知道很久以前人们是如何成功穿越沙漠的。 15.Finally,we arrived in Dunhuang,a city with a long history and great artwork. 结构：arrive in+大地点；with a long history拥有悠久历史 中文：最后，我们到达了敦煌，一个拥有悠久历史和伟大艺术品的城市。 16.Many different cultures have influenced it over time. 短语：over time随着时间的推移 中文：随着时间的推移，许多不同的文化影响了它。 (17.This trip wasn't just a scenic journey.It helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places influenced each other in many ways. 结构：help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事；in many ways在许多方面 中文：这次旅行不仅仅是一次风景之旅。它帮助我了解了这个地区的历史，并看到了 来自不同地方的人们是如何在许多方面相互影响的。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择 1.My dad has told me many things the Silk Road. A.about B.of C.for D,with 2.I am very in the Silk Road. A.interested B.interesting C.interest D.interestedly 3. it's called the Silk Road,people traded much more than silk. A.Although B.Because C.So D.But 4.The Silk Road went Asia,the Middle East,North Africa and Europe. A.through B.across C.over D.from 5.It played an important in the development of the world. A.role B.part C.game D.way 6.We started Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. A.at B.in C.from D,to 7.People there were very of the city's long history. A.proud B.pride C.proudly D.pround 8.It's the edge of the desert. A.on B.in C.at D.for 9.I wonder people made it through the desert. A.how B.what C.where D.why 10.This trip helped me the history of the area. A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.to understanding 练习二：完成句子（根据中文提示完成英文句子，每空一词） 1我爸爸告诉了我很多关于丝绸之路的事。 My dad has told me many things the Silk Road. 2我对丝绸之路非常感兴趣。 I am very in the Silk Road. 3.丝绸之路穿过亚洲、中东、北非和欧洲。 The Silk Road went Asia,the Middle East,North Africa and Europe. 4.它在世界发展中起了重要作用。 It an important role in the development of the world. 5.去年夏天我们去度假了。 My family got for a holiday last summer 6.武威在古代也是一个首都。 In ancient Wuwei was also a capital 7.他们以这座城市悠久的历史而骄傲。 They were very of the city's long history. 8.它位于沙漠边缘。 It's on the of the desert. 9我首先在王之涣的诗中了解到玉门关。 I first out about Yumenguan in a poem. 10这次旅行帮助我了解了历史。 This trip me understand the history. 练习三：翻译句子（每空一词，将中文翻译成英文） 1我爸爸告诉了我很多关于丝绸之路的事情。 My dad me many things about the Silk Road. 2我对丝绸之路非常感兴趣。 I am very the Silk Road. 3虽然它被称为丝绸之路，但人们交易的远不止丝绸。 Although it's the Silk Road,people traded much more than silk. 4.从西安到罗马有7000多公里。 It was 7,000km from Xi'an to Rome 5.我们在兰州出发，然后去了武威。 We at Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. 6.我们看到了许多非常古老的石碑。 We saw lots of very stone monuments. 7.它位于沙漠边缘。 It's on the the desert. 8我想知道人们是如何穿越沙漠的。 how people made it through the desert. 9最后，我们到达了敦煌。 Finally,we Dunhuang. 10许多不同的文化影响了它。 Many different cultures influenced it. 参考答案 1.A 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.A 练习一：单项选择 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 练习二：完成句子 1.about;2.interested;3.through;4.played;5.away;6. times;7.proud;8.edge;9.found;10.helped 1.has told;2.interested in;3.called;4 more than;5. 练习三：翻译句子 started;6.old;7.edge of;8.wonder;9.arrived in;10. have 一、阅读理解 A篇 I'm Maria,a student from New York.Last summer,my family took a trip to China to follow the ancient Silk Road.It was an unforgettable experience. We started in Xi'an,the starting point of the Silk Road.I was amazed by the Terracotta Warriors.They are over 2,000 years old!My dad said that in ancient times,Xi'an was a busy city where traders from different countries met.We also visited the Big Wild Goose Pagoda,which once stored Buddhist scriptures brought from India. Then we traveled west to Dunhuang.The Mogao Caves there are famous for beautiful wall paintings.A guide told us that the caves were built over 1,000 years.Many travelers from different places wrote and drew on the walls.I could feel history come alive. Our last stop was Kashgar in Xinjiang.It was a very important trading center.We went to the Sunday Bazaar,a big market.People sold everything from silk to spices.I bought a small bag made of camel leather.The seller said his family had been making such bags for generations. This trip taught me that the Silk Road was not just a road for trade.It was also a bridge for culture and ideas.People from East and West shared not only goods but also knowledge and art.I hope to travel more in the future. ()1.Where did Maria's family start their trip along the Silk Road? A.Dunhuang. B.Kashgar. C.Xi'an. D.New York. ()2.What does the underlined word "stored"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.制作 B.储存 C.运输 D.销售 ()3.What can we learn about the Mogao Caves? A.They were built by one traveler. B.They are famous for stone monuments. C.They have a history of more than 1,000 years. D.They are located in Kashgar. ()4.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE? A.The Big Wild Goose Pagoda was built by Indian traders. B.Kashgar's Sunday Bazaar sells only silk. C.Maria bought a camel leather bag in Kashgar. D.The Silk Road was only used for trade B篇 Have you ever heard of the "Ice Festival"in Harbin?It's one of the most famous winter festivals in the world.Every year,thousands of tourists visit the city to see amazing ice sculptures and enjoy winter activities. The festival started in 1963 and has grown bigger over the years.During the festival, artists use ice from the Songhua River to create giant castles,animals,and even famous buildings.At night,colorful lights make these sculptures shine like diamonds. But the festival is not just about looking.Visitors can also try ice skating, snowboarding,and even ice fishing.There is a special area called "Ice and Snow World"where you can slide down an ice slide more than 100 meters long! Many people wonder:Why did Harbin become the home of such a festival?The answer lies in its weather.Harbin is in northeast China,and winters are very cold.The average temperature in January is-20C.People had to find ways to enjoy the long winter.So they started making ice lanterns,and later,the festival was born. However,the festival faces some challenges.Global warming makes it harder to collect enough ice.Some years,the ice is too thin."We have to work harder to keep the tradition alive,"said a local artist. The Harbin Ice Festival is a wonderful example of how people turn difficulties into beauty.If you ever visit China in winter,don't miss it! ()1.When did the Harbin Ice Festival start? A.1n1923. B.1n1963. C.1n2000. D.ln1978. ()2.What can visitors do at the festival EXCEPT(除了)？ A.See ice sculptures. B.Go ice fishing. C.Visit a real castle. D.Slide on an ice slide. ()3.Why did Harbin become the home of the ice festival? A.Because the city has many artists. B.Because the winters are very cold. C.Because the Songhua River is very long. D.Because the government wanted to attract tourists. ()4.What challenge does the festival face? A.There are fewer visitors. B.Ice lanterns are not popular. C.Global warming makes it harder to get ice. D.Artists don't want to work in winter. ()5.The best title for the passage might be. A.Winter Fun in Harbin B.How to Make Ice Sculptures C.The Songhua River D.A Trip to Northeast China 二、完形填空 Last winter holiday,my family took a trip to Xi'an.We visited many 1. places. One of them was the Great Mosque.It was built in 742,and it's one of the oldest and best-preserved mosques in China.I was surprised 2. it looks like a traditional Chinese temple from the outside,but inside it 3.many Islamic features. Our 4.told us that the Silk Road brought Islam to China.Many 5. came along the road and settled in Xi'an.They 6. their culture and religion with them.Over time,the mosque was built,and it became a symbol of cultural mix. Inside,we saw beautiful 7.on the walls.They were written in both Chinese and Arabic.The guide said that the 8. shows how different cultures influenced each other.I felt that history is not just about dates and facts,but about 9.people lived and communicated. After the visit,we bought some postcards.I sent one to my pen pal in Canada.I 10. she will be interested in the story,too. A.history B.historic C.historical D.historian A.what B.when C.that D.which A.has B.have C.was D.were A.waiter B.teacher C.friend D.guide A.traders B.teachers C.students D.doctors A.brought B.bought C.took D.carried A.paintings B.food C.carpets D.clothes A.design B.designer C.designing D.designed A.what B.how C.why D.when A.hope B.hoped C.hoping D.to hope 三、阅读短文回答问题 Zhang Qian was a Chinese explorer in the Han Dynasty.In 138 BC,Emperor Wu sent him to the west to make friends with other countries.The journey was very dangerous. Zhang Qian was caught by the Xiongnu and kept prisoner for ten years.Finally,he escaped and continued his trip.He visited many countries in Central Asia and brought back information about their culture and products.His travels helped open the Silk Road,a network of trade routes connecting China with the West. Zhang Qian's trip changed China.People learned about grapes,walnuts,and alfalfa from Central Asia.Chinese silk and tea went to the West.More importantly,ideas and religions traveled along the road.Zhang Qian is called "the first Chinese to open his eyes to the world".His courage and hard work made him a hero in Chinese history. 1.When did Zhang Qian start his journey to the west? 2.How long was Zhang Qian kept as a prisoner? 3.What did Zhang Qian bring back from Central Asia? 4.How is the Silk Road described in the passage? 5.Why is Zhang Qian called "the first Chinese to open his eyes to the world"? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) they travel create important true connect along different start become The Silk Road is one of the most 1.trade routes in history.It 2. from Xi'an and went west.Many 3.went on it.They carried silk and 4. goods.The road 5.East and West.Through it,ideas and religions 6. shared.All these exchanges 7.a better world.The spirit of the road is still 8. today.People can learn 9. the way.10.can find inspiration from it. 7 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 话题：My Travel Experience 提示 1.你去过哪里旅行？ 2那次旅行中你做了什么？ 3.你学到了什么或有什么感受？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 一、 阅读理 A篇：1.C2.B3.C4.C 解 B篇：1.B2.C3.B4.C5.A 二、完形填 1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.A7.A8.A9.B10.A 空 1.138BC 2.ten years 三、阅读短 文回答问题 3.products 4.trade routes connecting China with the West 5.the Silk Road was opened his travels helped open the Silk Road 四、短文填 1.important 2.started 3.travelers 4.different 5.connected 6.became 空 7.created 8.true 9.along 10.They 五、写作 范文： My Travel Experience Last summer,I went to Xi'an with my parents.We visited the Terracotta Warriors and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda.I was amazed by the ancient history.I also tried local food like biangbiang noodles.The trip helped me understand the importance of the Silk Road.I learned how different cultures connected in the past.Traveling is not only fun but also educational.I hope to visit more places in the future.