Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions（下））-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（北师大版）

Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions 知识点精讲（下）) harm succeed probably appearance personality sociable humorous outgoing uncomfortable positive Q单元核心词汇 negative refuse overreact project express performance comfort pressure promise stressful forgive 。单元同步语法 when/while引导的时间状语从句 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.harm /ha:mlv.&n.伤害；损害 词形变化：harmful(adj.有害的)；harmless(adj.无害的) 搭配：do harm to对..有害 例句：Pollution can harm our health.污染会损害我们的健康。 Smoking does great harm to people.吸烟对人危害很大。 2.succeed/sek'si:d/v.成功；达到目的 词形变化：success(n.成功)；successful(adj.成功的)；successfully(adv.成功 地) 搭辄：succeed in doing sth成功做某事 例佝：If you work hard,you will succeed..如果你努力，你就会成功。 He succeeded in passing the exam.他成功通过了考试。 3.probably/prpbebli/adv..很可能；大概 词形变化：probable(adj.可能的) 例佝：It will probably rain tomorrow.明天很可能下雨。 He is probably the best student in our class.他大概是我们班最好的学生 4.appearance/e'pIerens/.n.外貌；出现 词形变化：appear(v.出现；看起来)；disappear(v.消失) 例句：Her appearance changed a lot.她的外貌改变了很多。 Don't judge a person by his appearance.不要以貌取人。 5.personality/.p3:se'naeleti/n.个性；性格 词形变化：personal(adj.个人的) 例佝：She has a strong personality..她个性很强。 Everyone has a different personality.每个人都有不同的性格。 6.sociable/'seuJebl/adj..好交际的；合群的 词形变化：social(adj.社会的；社交的)；society(n.社会) 例佝：Tom is a sociable boy.汤姆是个好交际的男孩。 He is not very sociable..他不太合群。 7.humorous/'hju:meres/adj.幽默的；诙谐的 词形变化：humor(n.幽默) 例句：My father is humorous..我爸爸很幽默。 He told a humorous story.他讲了一个幽默的故事。 8.outgoing/'autgeuIn/adj.外向的；友好的 词形变化：go out(外出) 例佝：She is an outgoing girl..她是一个外向的女孩。 Outgoing people make friends easily.外向的人容易交到月朋友。 9.uncomfortable /An'kAmftebl/adj.不舒服的；不自在的 词形变化：comfort(n.N.舒适；安慰；comfortable(ad.舒适的) 搭配：feel uncomfortable感到不舒服 例佝：The chair is very uncomfortable..这把椅子很不舒服。 He felt uncomfortable in the new class.他在班级感到不自在。 10.positive/'ppzetv/adj.积极的；肯定的；正面的 反义词：negative/'negetrv/adj.消极的；否定的；负面的 词形变化：positively(acw.积极地)；negatively(adv.消极地) 例佝：Keep a positive attitude.保持积极的态度。 Your answer is negative.你的▣答是否定的。 11.refus6/m'fu:z/V.拒绝 词形变化：refusal(n.拒绝)〉 搭配：refuse to do sth拒绝做某事 例句：She refused to help him.她拒绝帮助他。 He refused my invitation.他拒绝了邀请。 12.overreact/,euveri'aekt/v.反应过度 词形变化：react(v.反应)；reaction(n.反应) 搭配：overreact to sth对..反应过度 例佝：Don't overreact to small problems.不要对小问题反应过度。 She overreacted when she heard the news.她听到消息时反应过度了。 13.project/'prpd3ekt/n.项目；课题；工程 词形变化：无常见派生（初中阶段） 例句：We are working on a science project.我们正在做一个科学项目。 The building project is very important..这个建筑项目很重要。 14.express/k'spres/,V.表达；表示 词形变化：expression(n.表达；表情) 搭配：express oneself表达自己 例句：She expressed her thanks to us..她向我们表达了感谢。 It's important to express yourself clearly.清晰地表达自己很重要。 15.performance/pef:mens/n.表演；表现；性能 词形变化：perform(M.表演；表现)；performer(n.表演者) 例佝：The performance was wonderful.这场表演很精彩。 His performance in the exam is poor..他在考试中的表现很差。 16.comfort/'kAmfet//n.&V.安慰；舒适 词形变化：comfortable(adj.舒适的)；uncomfortable(adj.不舒服的) 搭配：in comfort舒适地；comfort sb安慰某人 例句：Give him some comfort..给他一些安慰。 Ve should comfort those in need.我们应该安慰需要帮助的人。 17.pressure/'prea(r)ln.压力 词形变化：press(v.按；国 搭配：under pressure处于压力下 例句：He is under a lot of pressure.他承受着很大压力。 Don't put too much pressure on yourself..不要给自己太多压力。 18.promise/'promIs/,n.&V.承诺；许诺 搭配：make a promise许下诺言；keep a promise遵守诺言；break a promise违 背诺言；promise to do sth承诺做某事 例句：He made a promise to help me.他承诺帮助我。 You should keep your promise.你应该遵守你的承诺。 19.stressful/'stresfl/adj.有压力的；紧张的 词形变化：stress(n.压力；强调) 例佝：This job is very stressful..这份工作压力很大。 Moving to a new city can be stressful.搬到新城市可能会很有压力。 20.forgive8fa'gIv/v.原谅；宽恕 词形变化：forgave(过去式)；forgiven(过去分词)；forgiveness(n.原谅 搭配：forgive sb for(doing)sth原凉某人（做）某事 例句：Please forgive me for being late.请原谅我迟到了。 It's hard to forgive such a mistake.很难原谅这样的错误。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.Don't (harm)the animals;they are our friends 2.He finally (succeed)in solving the problem. 3.It will (probable)rain this afternoon,so take an umbrella. 4.Her (appear)hasn't changed much since last year. 5.Mike is very_ _(sociable)and likes to talk with others 6.The joke is (humor)and everyone laughs. 7.She is an (outgoing)girl who loves parties. 8.This seat is very (comfort);I want to change one 9.You should have a (positively)attitude towards life 10.She (refuse)to help me with my homework yesterday. 11.Don't (overreact)to a simple question. 12.The students are doing a group (project)on the environment. 13.lcan't」 (expression)my feelings in words. 14.Her (perform)at the concert was amazing. 15.He needs some (comfort)after the failure. 16.Too much (press)makes him feel tired. 17.He (promise)to come back before 9 p.m. 18.My job is (stress),but I like it. 19.Can you (forgive)me for my mistake? 20.The mother (comfort)her crying baby. (二)短文填空 Everyone has a different 1. (person).Some people are 2. (sociable)and 3. (outgoing),while others are shy.A 4. (humor）) person can make others laugh.It is important to be 5. (positively）and not to 6. (overreact)to small things.Sometimes we face 7. (stress) situations,but we should learn to 8. (express)our feelings.If someone hurts us,we should try to 9. (forgive)them.Keeping a 10._ (promise)is very important in friendship.Remember,don't judge a person by his or her 11 (appear).Everyone has something special inside. 1.harm;2.succeeded;3.probably;4.appearance;5.sociable; 6.humorous;7.outgoing;8.uncomfortable;9.positive;10.refused; (一)单句填空 11.overreact;12.project;13.express;14.performance;15.comfort; 16.pressure;17.promised;18.stressful;19.forgive;20.comforted 1.personality;2.sociable;3.outgoing;4.humorous;5.positive; (二)短文填空 6.overreact;7.stressful;8.express;9.forgive;10.promise; 11.appearance 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 when/while引导的时间状语从句 项目 内容 时间状语从句用于表示主句动作发生的时 间。 定义 when和while都可以引导时间状语从句，但 用法有区别。 when: 1.表示"当的时候”，从句动作与主句 动作几乎同时发生，或从句动作先于主句动 作。 2.从句动词可以是短暂性动作，也可以是延 续性动作。 例句：When I got home,my mom was cooking.(当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。) Vhen you arrive,call me.(当你到达时， 给我打电话。) 用法对比 while: 1.表示"在期间”，强调主句与从句动 作同时持续发生。 2.从句动词通常是延续性动作（如be,live, read,sleep等)。 3.有时可用作并列连词，表示对比，意为 “而”。 例句：While I was reading,my brother was playing.(我在读书时，弟弟在玩。) She is tall while her sister is short.(她很 高，而她的妹妹很矮。) 注意事项 1.当主句与从句动作同时发生且都为延续性 动作时，while和when可互换。 例：I was watching TV when,/while my mother was cooking. 2.when引导的从句中，短暂性动词（如 arrive,leave,start,finish)更常见。 3.while引导的从句中，常用进行时态(be doing)表示持续的动作。 >主句（一般过去时）+when+从句（一般 过去时/过去进行时) 主句（过去进行时）+while+从句（过去 常见句型结构 进行时) >主句（一般过去时）+while+从句（过去 进行时) 表示两个动作同时发生 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.-I was reading a book my mother came in. A.while B.when C.what D.where 2. I was walking to school,I saw an old friend. A.When B.While C.Where D.Why 3.He was playing computer games his father was working. A.while B.when C.what D.how 4.1 my homework when my sister called me. A.do B.did C.was doing D.am doing 5.Please don't make noise the baby is sleeping. A.when B.while C.what D.how 6.She a shower when the phone rang. A.takes B.took C.was taking D.is taking 7.The teacher came in we were talking. A.when B.while C.what D.where 8.I like English my brother likes math. A.when B.while C.what D.how 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用when或while填空，并注意动词的正确形式。 I arrived home,my mom was cooking dinner. 2.The kids were playing in the park it started to rain. 3.She was listening to music she was walking. 4. I was doing my homework,my brother was watching TV. 5.He fell asleep he was reading a book. 6. my father came back,I was brushing my teeth. 7.Don't talk you are eating. 8.I saw a car accident I was waiting for the bus 9. I got to the station,the train had already left. 10.Mary was cooking John was washing the dishes. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.C;5.B;6.C;7.B;8.B 1.When;2.when;3.while;4.While;5.while;6.When; 语法专练二：语法填空 7.while;8.while;9.When;10.while 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章精讲 1.When Jenny was a teenager,she was of medium height,well built,clever and sociable. 结构：When+主语+be动词+形容词/短语，主句+be动词+描述。 中文：当珍妮十几岁时，她中等身高、体格健壮、聪明且善于社交。 短语：be of medium height中等身高；well built体格健壮；sociable善于社交 的 (2.Every morning,when she was getting dressed,she looked at herself in the mirror. 结构：when+主语+过去进行时，主句+一般过去时。表示"当.时，某人做 某事”。 中文：每天早上，当她穿衣服时，她会看着镜子里的自己。 短语：get dressed穿衣服；look at oneself in the mirror看镜子里的自己 3.I want thicker hair,longer legs and a smaller nose. 结构：主语+want+名词比较级+并列比较级名词。表达想要更..…的某物。 中文：我想要更浓密的头发、更长的腿和更小的鼻子。 4.Why can't I be as tall as Alice?Why can't I be like John? 结构：Why can't+主语+be+as+形容词+as+比较对像？/Why can't+主 语+be like+某人？ 中文：为什么我不能像爱丽丝一样高？/为什么我不能像约翰一样？ 短语：as.as..和...一样；be like..像.. (5.He's outgoing and good at sports,and is the most popular student. 结构：be good at+名词/动名词（擅长…）；the most+形容词（最高级）。 中文：他性格开朗、擅长运动，并且是学校里最受欢迎的学生 短语：be outgoing性格外向；be good at sports擅长运动；the most popular 最受欢迎的 6.Jenny didn't realise that many other students were thinking the same thing. 结构：主语+didn't realise that+宾语从句（过去进行时）。表示"没有意识 到”。 中文：珍妮没有意识到许多其他学生也在想同样铂的事情。 7.As teenagers grow,their bodies change,and so does the way they feel about themselves. 结构：As+主语+动词（一般现在时），主句。s0+助动词/be动词+主语，表 示”也是如此”。 中文：随着青少年成长，他们的身体发生变化，他们对自己的感觉方式也是如此。 短语：the way they feel about themselves他们对自己的感觉方式 8.These changes make a lot of teenagers feel uncomfortable and shy. 结构：make+宾语+省略to的动词不定式（表感受或变化）。让某人感到.… 中文：这些变化使许多青少年感到不舒服和害羞。 9.Jenny wasn't just comparing herself with her classmates. 结构：was/were+现在分词（过去进行时）；compare..with.把.和.比 较。 中文：珍妮不仅仅是在和同学比较。 短语：compare oneself with..把自己和..比较 10.All these made them look taller,thinner and more perfect than ordinary people. 结构：make+宾语+look+比较级+han.使某人看起来比.更. 中文：所有这些使他们看起来比普通人更高、更瘦、更完美。 短语：look taller and thinner看起来更高更瘦；ordinary people普通人 (11.When Jenny grew older,she realised that she was pretty. 结构：realise that+宾语从句。意识到.. 中文：当珍妮长大一些，她意识到自己很漂亮。 (12.They liked her personality and confidence,as well as how she felt about herself. 结构：as well as连接并列成分，相当于"以及”；how she felt about herself她 对自己的感受。 中文：他们喜欢她的个性和自信，以及她对自己的看法。 13.Jenny learnt to love herself,and when she did,other people did too! 结构：leamn to do sth.学会做某事；when she did代替前文动词(loved herself);.did too也I如此。 中文：珍妮学会了爱自己，当她这样做时，其他人也爱她了。 考点通关 文章精讲 练习一：单项选择(10小题) 1.When Jenny was a teenager she medium height. A.is of B.was of C.has D.had 2.Every morning,while she Jenny looked at herself in the mirror. A.gets dressed B.got dressed C.was getting dressed D.had got dressed 3."I want hair,"Jenny thought. A.thick B.thicker C.thickest D.more thick 4.Why can't I be tall Alice? A.so;as B.as;so C.as;as D.more;than 5.John is good sports and he is the most popular student A.at B.in C.for D,with 6.Jenny didn't realise that many other students the same thing. A.think B.are thinking C.were thinking D.will think 7.As teenagers grow,so the way they feel about themselves. A.do B.does C.is D.are 8.These changes make teenagers uncomfortable A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt 9.The models look than ordinary people because of make-up and computers. A.perfect B.more perfect C.most perfect D.perfecter 10.When Jenny learnt to love herself,other people A.did too B.too did C.also did D.did also 练习二：完成句子（根据中文提示，每空一词或短语，共10小题） 1珍妮中等身高、体格健壮。 Jenny was well built 2当她穿衣服时，她看着镜子里的自己。 When she she looked at in the mirror 3.为什么我不能像爱丽丝一样高？ Why as tall Alice? 4.约翰擅长运动，是学校里最受欢迎的学生。 John is sports and is the student. 5,珍妮没有意识到其他学生也在想同样的事。 Jenny that other students the same thing 6.随着他们长大，他们的身体发生变化。 they grow,their bodies 7这些变化让青少年感到不舒服。 These changes make teenagers 8.她把自己和同学比较。 She herself her classmates. 9.所有这一切使他们看起来比普通人更完美。 All these made them than ordinary people. 10珍妮学会了爱自己，其他人也爱她。 Jenny learnt herself and when she others 练习三：翻译句子（根据中文意思写出完整英文句子） 1当珍妮十几岁时，她中等身高。 2每天早上她穿衣服时，她看着镜子里的自己。 3为什么我不能像约翰一样？他擅长运动。 4珍妮没有意识到其他学生也在想同样的事。 5.随着青少年成长，他们的身体发生变化。 6.这些变化使许多青少年感到害羞。 7这些模特看起来比普通人更高更瘦。 8珍妮意识到她狠漂亮。 9.人们喜欢她的个性和自信。 10.珍妮学会了爱自己，其他人也爱她。 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.A 1.of medium height;2.got dressed;herself;3.can't;be;as; 4.good at;most popular;5.didn't realise;were thinking;6.As; 练习二：完成句子 change;7.feel uncomfortable;8.compared;with;9.look more perfect;10.to love;did;did too 练习三：翻译句子 1.When Jenny was a teenager,she was of medium height. 2.Every morning when she was getting dressed,she looked at herself in the mirror. 3.Why can't I be like John?He is good at sports. 4.Jenny didn't realise that other students were thinking the same thing. 5.As teenagers grow,their bodies change. 6.These changes make many teenagers feel shy. 7.These models look taller and thinner than ordinary people. 8.Jenny realised that she was pretty. 9.People liked her personality and confidence. 10.Jenny learnt to love herself,and when she did,other people did too. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 Teenagers often worry about their looks.They compare themselves with others, especially models and stars on social media.A study found that more than 70%of teens feel bad about their appearance because of online photos.But the truth is that most of those photos are not real.People use apps to make their skin smoother,their faces thinner and their legs longer. Take Kate for example.She used to think she was too short and had too many freckles. Every time she looked at photos of popular girls in her school,she felt sad.She tried to hide her face behind her hair.One day,her art teacher asked the class to draw self- portraits )Kate drew a girl with a big smile and bright eyes.Her teacher said "This is beautiful.You see the real you."Kate started to understand that she didn't need to be perfect.She began to accept her freckles and her height.She even joined the basketball team and found that being short helped her move faster. Now Kate knows that everyone has something special.True beauty is not about looking like someone else.It's about being yourself and feeling good about who you are. ()1.What does the study in Paragraph 1 tell us? A.Many teens worry about their looks because of online photos. B.Most teens are satisfied with their appearance. C.Models are very popular among teenagers. D.Social media makes teens happier. ()2.Why did Kate feel sad at first? A.She had no friends. B.She didn't like her art class. C.She compared herself with others. D.Her teacher criticized her. ()3.How did Kate's art teacher help her? A.By telling her to draw more. B.By praising her self-portrait. C.By buying her new clothes. D.By asking her to join a team. ()4.What can we learn from the passage? A.It's important to be perfect. B.Everyone should look like models. C.True beauty comes from being yourself. D.Short people cannot play basketball well. B篇 Do you sometimes feel nervous before a test?Does your heart beat fast and your hands get sweaty?This is called test anxiety ()It happens to many students.But don't worry-there are ways to deal with it. First,be prepared.If you study a little every day,you won't feel so stressed before the exam.Make a study plan and stick to it.Second,get enough sleep.A tired brain cannot work well.Third,practice deep breathing.When you feel nervous,take a slow breath in through your nose for four seconds,hold it for four seconds,and then breathe out through your mouth for four seconds.Do this a few times,and you will feel calmer. Another useful tip is to think positive.Instead of saying "I'm going to fail,"tell yourself "I have studied hard,and I can do this."Your mind is powerful.If you believe you can succeed,you are more likely to succeed. Finally,remember that one test does not define (who you are.Even if you get a low grade,it's not the end of the world.You can learn from your mistakes and do better next time. ()1.What does the underlined word "anxiety"in Paragraph 1 mean? A.兴奋 B.焦虑 C.愤怒 D.无聊 ()2.Which of the following is NOT a way to deal with test anxiety? A.Studying a little every day. B.Getting enough sleep C.Eating a lot of candy. D.Thinking positive thoughts ()3.According to the passage,what should you tell yourself when you feel nervous? A."I'm going to fail." B."I can do this." C."I hate tests..” D."I'm not good enough." ()4.What is the best title for this passage? A.How to Prepare for a Test B.How to Deal with Test Anxiety C.The Importance of Sleep D.Why Students Feel Nervous 二、完形填空 Sarah was a shy girl.She always felt 1.when she had to speak in front of the class.Her face would turn red and her voice would shake."Why can't I be like Emma? She is so 2. and everyone likes her,"Sarah thought. One day,the teacher asked everyone to give a short speech about their hobby.Sarah loved painting,but the 3.of standing in front of so many people made her stomach hurt.She wanted to 4.,but she knew the teacher wouldn't let her. That night,Sarah told her mother about her fear.Her mother smiled and said,"You don't have to be perfect.Just be yourself.When you paint,you 5.your feelings. Why not try to do that in your speech?"Sarah decided to give it a 6. The next day,when it was her turn,Sarah took a deep breath.She started talking about her paintings and how they helped her 7.happy.As she spoke,she forgot about the other students.She was just sharing her 8..When she finished,the class clapped loudly.Sarah felt great. After that,Sarah became more 9. She learned that 10. yourself is the first step to being confident. A.excited B.comfortable C.uncomfortable D.happy A.outgoing B.quiet C.serious D.lazy A.idea B.thought C.feeling D.memory A.refuse B.agree C.cry D.run A.hide B.express C.keep D.change A.try B.lesson C.hand D.break A.feel B.feeling C.to feel D.felt A.secret B.hobby C.homework D.trouble A.nervous B.confident C.sad D.angry A.hating B.accepting C.changing D.teaching 三、阅读短文回答问题 Many teenagers feel that they don't fit in.They want to be like others,especially popular kids.But sometimes,being different is a good thing. Nick Vujicic was born without arms or legs.At first,he felt very sad and lonely.He even tried to kill himself.But later,he realized that his life could still be meaningful.He learned to do many things with his mouth,such as writing and swimming.He traveled around the world to give speeches,telling people to be happy and never give up.His story has encouraged millions of people. "I have a choice.I can be angry about what I don't have,or I can be thankful for what I do have,"Nick said.He didn't let his disability stop him from living a full life.He even got married and had children. Nick proves that everyone has value.You don't need to look like others or be perfect. What matters is what you do with what you have. 1.What problem did Nick have when he was born? 2.How did Nick feel at first? 3.What does Nick do to help others? 4.What does Nick choose to be thankful for? 5.What can we learn from Nick's story? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) friend true they worry success nothing sad talk connect laugh Everyone wants to have good 1..But what makes a good friend?Some people think a good friend is someone who always agrees with them.That is not 2. true.A real friend is someone who tells you the truth,even when it hurts. Once,I had a problem.I 3. too much about my grades.I thought I was a failure because I didn't get the highest score.My best friend saw I was 4. He sat with me and said,"You are not a failure.You just need to practice more.Let's study together."We 5.about math problems and helped each other.In the end,I did much better on the next test.I felt really thankful. Another thing is that good friends 6.about everything.They share their joys and worries.When I feel down,my friend can always make me 7..But we don't just have fun.We also give each other advice.Sometimes we 8. have different opinions,but we listen to each other. A good friendship is like a bridge.It 9. two hearts.When you find such a friend,you should cherish珍惜)1O. 7 2. 3 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 五、导作 话题：My Hobby 提示： 1.你的爱好是什么？ 2.你为什么喜欢它？ 3.你通常什么时候做这件事？ 4它对你的生活有什么影响？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、 阅读理 A篇：1.A2.C3.B4.C 解 B篇：1.B2.C3.B4.B 二、完形填 1.C2.A3.B4.A5.B6.A7.A8.B9.B10.B 空 1.He was born without arms or legs. 2.He felt sad and lonely. 三、阅读短 3.He travels around the world to give speeches/to tell people to be happy 文回答问题 and never give up. 4.He chooses to be thankful for what he does have. 5.We can learn that everyone has value/we should accept ourselves/ never give up.(答案合理即可) 四、短文填 1.friends 2.really 3.worried 4.sad 5.talked 6.share 7.laugh 8.sometimes 空 9.connects 10.them 五、写作 范文： My hobby is reading.I love reading because it opens a new world to me.When I read, I can travel to different places and learn about different cultures.I usually read before going to bed.It helps me relax after a busy day.Reading also improves my imagination and writing skills.It makes me feel happy and confident.I believe reading will be my lifelong friend.