Unit 4 The Earth-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册知识点精讲（沪教版）

U4 The Earth 知识点精讲 amazing cover freezing the rich provide explore disappear plastic pollution protect;harmful hunt; Q单元核心词汇 solution blow generation be covered by what's more provide with plastic pollution cut down blow away hundreds of 。单元同步语法 there be句型 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.amazing/e'meIzIn/adj.令人惊奇的；惊人的 词形变化：amaze(.使惊奇)；amazed(adj.惊奇的)；amazingly(adw.惊人地) 例佝：The view is amazing.景色令人惊叹。 2.cover/kve(r)/V.覆盖；遮盖 词形变化：covers(三单)；covered(过去式/过去分词)；covering(现在分词) 搭配：be covered by被…覆盖 例佝：The ground is covered by snow.地面被雪覆盖。 3.freezing/fri:z/adj.极冷的；冰冻的 词形变化：freeze(M.结冰)；frozen(adj.冷冻的)；freezes(三单) 例句：It's freezing outside.外面冷极了。 4.the rich/atn.富人（复数概念） 词形变化：rich(adj.富有的)；riches(n.财富) 搭配：the+形容词表示一类人(the poor,,the youngs等) 例句：The rich should help the poor..官人应该帮助穷人。 5.provide/pra'vard/v.提供；供给 词形变化：provides(三单)；provided(过去式/过去分词)；providing(现在分词) 搭配：provide.with.为.…提供.；provide for供养 例句：We provide animals with food.我们为动物提供食物。 6.explore IIk'splb(r)/v.探索；探险 词形变化：explores(三单)；explored(过去式/过去分词)；exploring(现在分词) 词根：ex-(向外)+plore(寻找)一探索 例佝：Scientists explore the ocean..科学家探索海洋。 7.disappear/,cts'pIa(r)/v.消失；不见 词形变化：disappears(三单)；disappeared(过去式/过去分词)；disappearing(现 在分词) 词根：dis-(否定)+appear(出现)→消失 例句：Many animals disappear every year..每年许多动物消失。 8.plastic/plaestIk/n.塑料adj.塑的 词形变化：plastics(复数，指不同种类) 搭配：plastic pollution塑料污染 例句：We should reduce plastic waste.我们应该减少塑料垃圾。 9.pollution/ps'lu:nln.污染 词形变化：pollute(v.污染)；polluted(adj.受污染的)；pollutant(n.污染物) 搭配：air/water/plastic pollution空气/水/塑料污染 例句：Pollution is harmful to health.污染对健康有害。 10.protect/pre'tekt/v.保护 词形变化：protects(三单)；protected(过去式/过去分词)；protecting(现在分词) 词根：pro-(向前)+tect(覆盖)一→保护 搭配：protect...from.保护免受. 例句：We protect animals from danger.我们保护动物免受危险。 11.harmful/'ha:mfl/adj.,有害的 词形变化：harm(n.N.伤害)；harmed(过去式/过去分词)；harmless(adj.无害的) 搭配：be harmful to对.有害 例句：Smoking is harmful to health.吸烟对健康有害。 12.hunt /hAnt/v.打猎；猎杀 词形变化：hunts(三单)；hunted(过去式/过去分词)；hunting(现在分词)；hunter (n.猎人) 例句：People hunt animals for fur..人们为了毛皮猎杀动物。 13.solution/sa'lu:jnln.解决方法 词形变化：solve(M.解决)；solved(过去式)；solving(现在分词) 搭配：a solution to..的解决方法 例佝：e need a solution to plastic pollution..我们需要一个解决塑料污染的方法。 14.bloW/bla/V.吹；刮 词形变化：blew(过去式)；blown(过去分词)；blowing(现在分词) 搭配：blow away吹走；blow out吹灭 例句：The wind blows the leaves away..风，把树叶吹走了。 15.generation/.d3ena'rern/n.代；代人 词形变化：generations(复数；generate(v.产生)；generator(n.发电机) 例佝：Ne should protect the earth for future generations.我们应该为后代保护地 球。 16.be covered by被..覆盖（参见cover) 17.hat's more而且；更重要的是 用法：用作插入语，连接句子 例句：He is kind..他很善良。 What's more,he is smart..而且，他很聪明。 18.provide with为...提供（参见orovide) 19.plastic pollution 塑污染（参见plastic&pollution) 20.cut down欣倒；削减 例佝：People cut down trees for wood.人们欣树取木。 21.blow away吹走（参见blow) 22.hundreds of数百的；好几百 搭配：hundreds of+可数名词复数 例句：Hundreds of birds fly south.数百只鸟飞向南方。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.I want to (make)friends with my new classmates. 2.The ground (cover)by leaves in autumn. 3.It's (freeze)in winter here 4. (rich)should help the poor. 5.We (provide)the animals with food every day. 6.Let's (explore)the forest together. 7.Many species (disappear)because of pollution. 8 (plastic)pollution is a big problem. 9.The air_ (pollution)is serious in big cities. 10.We must (protect)the environment. 11.Smoking is_ (harm)to lungs 12.Lions (hunt)for food 13.What's the (solve)to this problem? 14.The wind (blow)the paper away yesterday 15.We should save resources for future (generate). 16. (hundred)of students take part in the activity. 17.People (cut)down trees to build houses. 18.We need to find a way (provide)clean water for everyone. 19.The mountain_ (cover)by snow all year round 20.He is kind. (what)more,he always helps others. (二)短文填空 It's important to protect our earth.1._ (plastic)pollution is 2. (harm)to animals and people.Every year,3. (hundred)of animals (disappear)because of it.The 5 (rich)should help (provide)solutions.7. (what)more,we can 8. (cut)down less trees and stop 9. (hunt)animals.Let's work together for future 10. (generate). 参考答案 1.amazing;2.is covered;3.freezing;4.The rich;5.provide;6.explore (一）单句填空 7.disappear;8.Plastic;9.pollution;10.protect;11.harmful;12.hunt; 13.solution;14.blew;15.generations;16.Hundreds;17.cut;18.to provide;19.is covered;20.What 1.Plastic;2.harmful;3.hundreds;4.disappear;5.rich;6.provide;7.What; (二)短文填空 8.cut;9.hunting;10.generations 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 there be句型 项目 内容 定义 There be句型表示"某处有某物/某人"”， 强调存在关系，不表示"拥有”。 肯定句：There+be(is/are)+名词+地点 状语 否定句：There+be+not+名词+地点 状语 结构 一般疑问句：Be+there+名词+地点状 语？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+there+地点 状语？ 核心用法 1.be动词的单复数与最近的名词保持一致 (就近原则) 2.there be表"存在”，have/has表"拥 有” 3.否定加not,疑问将be提前 4.常见地点介词：in,on,under,behind, near,next to等 1.There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词+ 地点 常用句型 2.There are+可数名词复数+地点 3.There be+名词+doing sth.+地点 (表示"有.…正在做.”) 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.There a pencil and two rulers in the box A.is B.are C.have D.has 2.- there any milk in the glass? -No,there isn't. A.Is B.Are C.Do D.Does 3.There some bread on the table A.is B.are C.have D,be 4. there any apples in the basket? A.Is B.Are C.Have D.Has 5.There a map and two pictures on the wall. A.is B.are C.have D.has 6.-How many students there in your class? -Forty. A.is B.are C.have D,be 7.There no water in the bottle.Let's go and get some A.is B.are C.have D.be 8.There a lot of trees near the river. A.is B.are C.have D.has 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用be动词的适当形式填空。 1.There a zoo near my home. 2.In the zoo,there many animals 3.There a big elephant and two lions. 4.The elephant from Africa. 5.There any pandas in this zoo,but there some koalas. 6.Koalas come from Australia. 7.Look!There a cute monkey on the tree. 8.t eating a banana. 9.There also a lake behind the zoo. 10.There some ducks on the lake. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.A;3.A;4B;5.A;6.B;7.A;8.B 1.is;2.are;3.is;4.is;5.isn't;6.are;7.is;8.is;9.is; 语法专练二：语法填空 10.are A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 1.Some places are very hot,like the areas near the equator.Some are freezing cold,like the North and South Poles. 结构：Some+名词+are+形容词，like+举例 中文：一些地方很热，比如赤道附近地区。一些地方非常寒冷，比如南极和北极。 注意：ike在此婊示"例如”，后接名词或名词短语。 2.The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. 结构：the+最高级+名词+on/in+范围+is+数字+单位 中文：地球上最高的山峰海拔超过8800米。 短语：above sea level海拔 3.The deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres down. 结构：the+最高级+名词+of+范围+is+数字+单位+down 中文：海洋最深的部分向下超过10000米。 对比：above sea level(海拔以上)vs.dowm(向下深度) 4.The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. 结构：the+最高级+名词+in the world+can reach+数字+单位 中文：世界上最高的树可以达到100多米高。 短语：in height在高度方面 5.The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 结构：as+形容词原级+as+比较对象 中文：最小的植物只有一粒米那么小。 注意：asas表示"和.—样” 6.The Earth is home to millions of animals. 结构：主语+is home to+数量+名词 中文：地球是数百万动物的家园。 短语：be home to是..的家园；millions of数以百万计的 7.Some,like tigers and lions,live on land.Other animals,like birds,enjoy the wide open sky. 结构：Some+主语，ike+例子，+谓语；Other+主语，Iike+例子，+谓语 中文：一些动物，比如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地上。其他动物，比如鸟类，享受广阔 的蓝天。 注意：Some.Other..表示”一些.另一些" 8.Big blue whales call the sea home,along with many amazing fish. 结构：主语+cal+地点+home,along with+其他 中文：大蓝鲸把海洋称为家，还有许多神奇的鱼类。 短语：call...home把..…称作家园；along with连同，和..一起 9.From bears to birds,from butterflies to seahorses,animals make our planet lovely and interesting. 结构：From+名词to+名词，from+名词to+名词，主语+make+宾语+形 容词 中文：从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让我们的星球河爱又有趣。 短语：make+宾语+形容词使.变得… 10.And what's more,the Earth provides us with all the things we need,such as food, water,air and energy. 结构：主语+provides+某人+with+某物 中文：而且，地球为我们提供所有我们需要的东西，比如食物、水、空气和能量。 短语：provide..with.提供.…给…；what's more而且，更重要的是 11.It is our home and the only planet we know that supports life. 结构：主语+is+名词+and+the only+名词+(that)定语从句 中文：它是我们的家，也是我们所知道的唯一支持生命的行星。 短语：support life支持生命 12.Let's explore,learn about and take care of our home. 结构：Let's+动词原形+，+动词原形+and+动词原形 中文：让我们探索、了解并照顾我们的家园。 短语：take care of照顾，关爱 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择 1.The highest mountain on Earth is 8,800 metres above sea level. A.over B.under C.about D.less 2.The deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres A.up B.above C.down D.high 3.The smallest plant is a grain of rice. A.so small that B.as small as C.smaller than D.the smallest 4.The Earth is home millions of animals. A.of B.for C.to D.with 5.Some animals live on land. animals enjoy the wide open sky. A.The other B.Other C.Others D.Another 6.Big blue whales call the sea A.home B.homes C.to home D.for home 7.Animals our planet lovely and interesting. A.take B.make C.get D.let 8.The Earth provides us all the things we need. A.to B.for C.with D.of 9.It is the only planet we know supports life. A.who B.which C.that D.what 10.Let's explore,learn about and care of our home. A.take B.takes C.taking D.took 练习二：完成句子（每空填一个单词或短语） 1.一些地方非常热，比如赤道附近地区。 Some places are very hot, the areas the equator. 2.地球上最高的山峰海拔超过8800米。 The mountain on Earth is 8,800 metres sea level. 3.最小的植物只有一粒米那么小。 The plant is a grain of rice. 4地球是数百万动物的家园。 The Earth is millions of animals. 5.一些动物生活在陆地上，另一些动物享受广阔的蓝天。 Some animals live land. animals enjoy the wide open sky. 6.从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让我们的星球可爱又有趣。 bears birds, butterflies seahorses,animals make our planet lovely and interesting. 7.而且，地球为我们提供所有我们需要的东西。 And the Earth us all the things we need. 8.它是我们所知道的唯一支持生命的行星。 It is the only planet we know life. 9.让我们探索、了解并照顾我们的家园。 explore,learn about and of our home. 10大蓝鲸把海洋称为家，还有许多神奇的鱼类。 Big blue whales the sea many amazing fish. 练习三：翻译句子 1.一些地方非常寒冷，比如南极和北极。 2.世界上最高的树可以达到100多米高。 3最小的植物只有一粒米那么大。 4地球是数百万动物咖的家园。 5.一些动物生活在陆地上，另一些动物在天空中飞翔。 6.大蓝鲸把海洋称为家。 7动物让我们的星球可爱又有趣。 8地球为我们提供食物、水、空和能量。 9.它是我们所知道的唯一支持生命的行星。 10.让我们探索、了解并照顾我们的家园。 参考答案 1.A 2.c 3.B 4.C 5.B 练习一：单项选择 6.A 7.B 8.c 9.c 10.A 1.like;near 2.highest;over;above 3.smallest;as;small;as 4home;to 5.on;Other 练习二：完成句子 6.From;to;from;to 7.what's;more;provides;with 8.that;supports 9.Let's;take;care 10.call;home;along;with 1.Some places are freezing cold,like the North and South Poles. 2.The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. 3.The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 4.The Earth is home to millions of animals. 练习三：翻译句子 5.Some animals live on land,and other animals fly in the sky. 6.Big blue whales call the sea home. 7.Animals make our planet lovely and interesting. 8.The Earth provides us with food,water,air and energy. 9.It is the only planet we know that supports life. 10.Let's explore,learn about and take care of our home. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 The Earth is an amazing planet.It has many different kinds of places.Some places are very hot,like the areas near the equator Some are freezing cold,like the North and South Poles.There are fields and mountains,rivers and seas,forests and deserts.The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level.The deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres down. The plants on Earth are wonderful in many ways.The tallest trees can reach over 100 metres in height.The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice.The Earth is also home to millions of animals.Some live on land,like tigers and lions.Others enjoy the sky,like birds.Big blue whales call the sea home.From bears to butterflies,animals make our planet lovely and interesting. The Earth provides us with everything we need,such as food,water,air and energy.It is the only planet we know that supports life.However,our planet is facing serious problems.Plastic pollution,air pollution and water pollution are getting worse.Many animals are disappearing because of human activities.People cut down too many trees.What's more,many people still don't realize the importance of protecting the Earth. We need to find solutions to these problems.We should protect animals from harm. We should stop using plastic bags.We must take action now for future generations. Let's explore,learn about and take care of our home-the amazing Earth! ()1.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1? A.The Earth has many different kinds of places B.The highest mountain is over 8,800 metres. C.The deepest sea is more than 10,000 metres down. D.The Earth is a very big planet. ()2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.The tallest trees are as small as a grain of rice. B.Birds live on land like tigers and lions. C.Big blue whales live in the sea. D.Animals make the Earth boring. ()3.What is the biggest problem the Earth faces now? A.People cut down trees. B.The Earth is too hot. C.Many kinds of pollution. D.Animals disappear. ()4.What should we do to protect the Earth according to the passage? A.Use more plastic bags. B.Cut down more trees. C.Protect animals and stop pollution. D.Only explore the Earth. ()5.What is the best title of this passage? A.The Amazing Earth B.Animals on Earth C.Pollution on Earth D.How to Save the Earth B篇 Scientists have found that the Earth is getting warmer.This is called global warming( )What causes it?One big reason is that people burn too much coal,oil and gas These things produce greenhouse gases温室气体).The gases trap heat from the sun,, making the Earth warmer. Why is this a problem?When the Earth gets warmer,ice at the North and South Poles starts to melt().This makes the sea level rise.Some islands and coastal cities may disappear under water.Also,many animals are in danger.Polar bears need ice to hunt for food.If the ice melts,they cannot find enough food.Penguins also lose their homes. Another problem is that the weather becomes strange.Some places have very strong storms.Other places have terrible droughts ()Crops cannot grow well,and people may not have enough food. What can we do to help?We can use less energy.For example,we can turn off lights when we leave a room.We can ride bikes or walk instead of driving cars.We can plant more trees because trees take in harmful gases.Every small action makes a difference. If we all work together,we can slow down global warming and protect our planet. ()1.What is the main cause of global warming according to the passage? A.The ice at the poles melts. B.People burn coal,oil and gas. C.Animals lose their homes. D.The weather becomes strange. ()2.What happens when the ice at the poles melts? A.The sea level rises. B.The weather becomes cool. C.More trees grow. D.Animals get more food. ()3.Why are polar bears in danger? A.Because people hunt them. B.Because they cannot find enough food with ice melting. C.Because the weather is too hot for them. D.Because they have no place to live ()4.What does the writer suggest people do to help? A.Use more energy. B.Drive cars more often. C.Plant more trees. D.Burn more coal. ()5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Global Warming and Its Solutions B.Animals in Danger C.How to Save Energy D.The Ice at the Poles 二、完形填空 The Earth is our home.It is an amazing planet.But now it is in great 1._ People are doing many harmful things to the Earth.Let's look at some problems. First,plastic pollution is very serious.People use too many 2. bags and throw them away.These bags 3.away by the wind and end up in rivers and seas. Many sea animals eat the plastic and get hurt.Some animals even die 4. eating plastic. Second,people cut down too many trees.Trees are very important.They 5.us with oxygen and take in harmful gases.6.trees are cut down,the air becomes dirty.Animals also lose their 7.. Third,air and water pollution are also big problems.Factories put 8.gases into the air.Cars also make the air dirty.Dirty water from factories goes into rivers and lakes.This is 9.to fish and other water animals. We need to find 10.to these problems.We should stop using plastic bags.We should plant more trees.We should 11. our environment.What's more,we should teach children to love the Earth.The Earth is the 12. planet we know that supports life.Let's work together to protect it for future 13. A.trouble B.fun C.surprise D.joy A.paper B.plastic C.cloth D.metal A.blow B.are blowing C.are blown D.blew A.for B.from C.with D.in A.give B.provide C.offer D.send A.If B.When C.Before D.Unless A.food B.water C.homes D.friends A.helpful B.useful C.harmful D.careful A.good B.bad C.kind D.important A.questions B.answers C.problems D.solutions A.protect B.pollute C.destroy D.harm A.only B.one C.best D.biggest A.children B.generations C.animals D.plants 三、阅读短文回答问题 The Earth is an amazing planet.It has mountains,rivers,forests and deserts.It is home to millions of animals and plants.The Earth provides us with everything we need,such as food,water,air and energy However,our planet is in danger.People are doing many harmful things.They cut down too many trees.They throw plastic bags into the sea.They let dirty water from factories go into rivers.These actions cause pollution and harm animals. But there is still hope.More and more people are starting to realize the importance of protecting the Earth.They plant trees,clean up beaches and stop using plastic bags. Schools teach children how to take care of the environment. We can all do something to help.We can turn off lights when we don't need them.We can walk or ride bikes instead of taking cars.We can reuse and recycle things.Every small action can make a big difference. The Earth is our only home.Let's explore it,learn about it and take care of it.Together, we can make our planet a better place for ourselves and for future generations. 1.What does the Earth provide us with? 2.Why is the Earth in danger? 3.What are people doing to protect the Earth?(Give one example) 4.What can we do to help protect the Earth?(Give one example) 5.What is the main idea of this passage? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) amaze cover freeze provide explore disappear pollute protect harmful solution The Earth is an 1.planet.It has many different kinds of places.Some places are very hot,and some are 2. cold.Snow 3.the ground in winter in some areas.The Earth 4.us with food,water and air.We should 5. our planet. But today,many problems are happening.Plastic 6.is very serious.Many animals 7. because they lose their homes.People need a 8.to these problems.We should 9.the forests and stop doing 10. things to nature. 7 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 话题：Saving the Earth 提示： 1.地球面临什么问题？ 2.这些问题有什么危害？ 3我们可以做什么来保护地球？ 4呼吁大家行动起来。 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、 阅读理 A篇：1.A2.C3.C4.C5.A 解 B篇：1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A 二、完形填 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.C;8.C;9.B;10.D;11.A;12 空 A;13.B 1.The Earth provides us with food,water,air and energy. 2.Because people are doing harmful things,like cutting down trees, throwing plastic bags into the sea,and letting dirty water go into rivers. 三、阅读短 3.They plant trees/clean up beaches/stop using plastic bags..(任意一点即 文回答问题 可) 4.We can turn off lights walk or ride bikes reuse and recycle things. 一点即可) 5.The Earth is our home and we need to protect it together. 四、短文填 1.amazing 2.freezing 3.covers 4.provides 5.protect 6.pollution 7. 空 disappear 8.solution 9.explore 10.harmful 五、写作 范文： The Earth is our home,but it is facing serious problems like pollution and deforestation.These problems harm animals and make the weather strange.We can help by planting trees,reducing waste,and using less energy.Let's work together to protect our planet for future generations.