Unit 3 Same or Different（下）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（人教版）

Unit 3 Same or Different 知识点精讲（下） average pleasant;difference interest sense opinion; ⊙单元核心词汇 less honest direct similarity friendship character accident,by accident expect situation reach,reach for 。单元同步语法 as.…as原级比较结构 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.average/'everId3/adj.平均的；普通的 词形变化：averagely(adw.平均地) 搭配：above average高于平均水平；on average平均来看 例句：The average temperature is20C.平均气温是20摄氏度。 2.pleasant/'pleznt/adj..令人愉快的；舒适的 词形变化：pleasantly(adv.愉偷快地)；pleasure(n.快乐) 搭配：pleasant weather舒适的天气 例佝：It's a pleasant trip.这是一次偷快的旅行。 3.difference/'difrens/n.差异；不同 词形变化：different(adj.不同的)；differently(adv.不同地) 搭配：make a difference有影响；起作用 例句：Can you see the difference between the two pictures'?你能看出这两幅画的 区别吗？ 4.interest/'Intrest//n.兴趣；利益V.使感兴趣 词形变化：interesting(adj.有趣的)；interested(adj.感兴趣的) 搭配：have interest in对.有兴趣 例佝：I have great interest in science.我对科学很感兴趣。 5.sense/sens/n.感觉；意识；意义v.感觉到 词形变化：sensible(adj.明智的)；sensitive(adj.敏感的) 搭配：sense of humor幽默感；make sense有意义；讲得通 例句：Dogs have a good sense of smell.狗有很好的嗅觉。 6.opinion/e'prnjen/n.意见；看法 搭配：in one's opinion依某人看来；give an opinion发表意见 例句：In my opinion,.we should go by bus.依我看，我们应该坐公交车去。 7.less /les/adj./adv.更少的（地）；较少的（地）(Iite的比较级) 搭配：less than少于；more or less或多或少 例句：I have less money than you..我的钱比你少。 8.honest/'pnIst/adj.诚实的；正直的 词形变化：honestly(adv.诚实地)；dishonest(adj.不诚实的) 搭配：to be honest老实说 例句：To be honest,Idon't like the movie.老实说，我不喜欢这部电影。 9.direct/da'rekt/adj.直接的；直率的v.指导；导演 词形变化：directly(adw.直接地)；direction(n.方向)；director(n.导演) 搭配：direct speech直接引语 例句：Please give me a direct answer..请给我一个直接的答案。 10.similarity/.sIme'laereti/n.相l似；类似 词形变化：similar(adj.相似的)；similarly(adv.相似地) 搭配：similarity between Aand B A与B之间的相似点 例句：There is a similarity between the two books.这两本书有相似之处。 11.friendship/'frendp/n.友谊；友好 词形变化：friend(n.朋友)；friendly(adj.友好的) 搭配：build friendship建立友谊 例句：True friendship is very important..真正的友谊非常重要。 12.character/kaerekte(r)/n.性格；角色；汉字 词形变化：characteristic(adj.典型的n.特征) 搭配：main character主要人物 例佝：He has a strong character..他性格坚强。 13.accident/'eksIdent//n.事故；意外 搭配：by accident偶然地；意外地 例句：I found the key by accident.我偶然找到了钥匙。 14.expect/k'spekt/V.期望；预料 词形变化：expectation(n.期望)；unexpected(ad.意外的) 搭配：expect to do sth.期望做某事 例句：I expect to pass the exam.我期望通过考试。 15.situation/.stu'ern/n.情况；形势；局面 搭配：in a difficult situation处于困境 例句：We must face the situation bravely.我们必须勇敢面对这种情况。 16.reach/ritv.到达；够到n.范围 搭配：reach for伸手去拿 例佝：The boy is too short to reach the book.这男孩太矮，够不到那本书。 She reached for the phone.她伸手去拿电话。 考点通关 单元词汇 （一）单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.I want to (make)friends with my new classmates 2.It takes time to get (know)a new place 3.There is no (different)between the two answers 4.This story is (interest).I like it very much. 5.He has a good」 (sense)of direction 6.In my (opinion),the plan is not good 7.She eats (little)than her brother 8. (be)honest,I don't know the answer 9.Can you tell me the (direct)way to the station? 10.There are many (similar)between the twins. 11. (friend)is more important than money. 12.The main (character)in the story is a little girl. 13.I met him at the bus stop by (accidental). 14.We (expect)to finish the work tomorrow. 15.The (situate)is getting better and better. 16.He tried to (reach)the apple on the tree. (二)短文填空 Last Sunday,I had a 1. trip to the zoo.I saw many animals.I noticed a between monkeys and apes.Monkeys have a good 3. of balance.In my 4. animals are our friends.We should build 5. with them.To be 6. I like pandas best.They have cute 7._ By I saw a baby panda 9. for its mother's bamboo.I 10. that one day humans and animals can live in peace. 参考答案 1.pleasant;2.difference;3.interesting;4.sense;5.opinion;6.less;7.To (一)单句填空 be;8.direct;9.similarities;10.Friendship;11.character;12.accident; 13.expect;14.situation;15.reach 1.pleasant;2.difference;3.sense;4.opinion;5.friendship;6.honest; (二)短文填空 7.characters;8.accident;9.reaching;10.expect 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 as.as原级比较结构 项目 内容 主语+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+ 比较对像 肯定句 Tom is as tall as Jack.(汤姆和杰克一样 高。) 主语+be动词+not as/so+形容词原级 +as+比较对像 否定句 This book is not as interesting as that one.(这本书不如那本书有趣。) 主语+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+ 比较对象 肯定句（实义动词） She runs as fast as her brother.(她跑得 和她弟弟一样快。) 主语+助动词+not+动词原形+as+副 词原级+as+比较对象 否定句（实义动词） He doesn't swim as well as his coach. (他游泳不如他的教练好。) 1.as…s中间只能用形容词或副词的原级，不能用比较级或最高级。 正确：This apple is as big as that one, 错误：This apple is as bigger as that one.. 2.否定式可以用not as…as或not so…as,两者意思相同。 She is not as tall as her sister.She is not so tall as her sister. 3.如果比较对像是名词或代词，注意人称代词的主格/宾格： He is as smart as me.(口语中常用宾格) He is as smart as|(am).(正式语体用主格) 4.常见搭配：as much as(和.一样多，修饰不可数名词)，as many as(和.一样 多，修饰可数名词复数)。 I have as much money as you. There are as many students in Class 1 as in Class 2. 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.This math problem is that one. A.as difficult as B.as difficult so C.so difficult as D.as more difficult as 2.Mary sings her friend Lucy. A.as wel‖las B.as good as C.so well as D.so good as 3.He doesn't run his brother. A.as faster as B.so fast as C.as fast than D.so fast than 4.The new movie is the old one. A.as interesting as B.as interesting so C.as more interesting D.so interesting as 5.My room is yours. A.as big as B.as bigger as C.as big than D.so big as 6.She speaks English her teacher. A.as fluently as B.as fluent as C.so fluently as D.more fluently than 7.Which is this bag or that bag?-This one is as heavy as that one. A.heavy B.heavier C.as heavy D.heaviest 8.There aren't apples in the basket in the box. A.as many;as B.as much;as C.many;than D.much;so 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.The blue pen is as the red one. 2.He is not as his father. 3.This computer works as as that new one. 4.She can't draw as as her sister 5.We have as books as they do. 6.The weather today is as as yesterday. 7.Tom runs as as Mike 8.This question is not so as that one 9.There is as water in this cup as in that one. 10.She sings as as a professional singer 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.A;3.B;4.A;5.A;6.A;7.C;8.A 语法专练二：语法填空 1.as long;2.as tall;3.good;4.beautifully;5.many;6. cold;7.fast;8.easy;9.much;10.well A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 1.I can see farther than anyone. 结构：can+动词原形；farther than比.更远 译：我能看得比谁都远。 2.I am faster than all of you. 结构：be动词+比较级+than 译：我比你们都快。 3.He climbed up the tree,took the eggs quietly,and then put them back. 结构：并列动词词组（先做.，然后做…） 译：他爬上树，悄悄取下蛋，然后又放回去。 4.I can shoot better than all of you. 结构：can+动词原形；better than比.…更好 译：我比你们所有人都扔得更准。 5.I can sew anything together,even something as soft as that leaf. 结构：as+形容词+as像..一样 译：我能把任何东西缝在一起，哪怕是像那片叶子一样软的东西。 6.The king said whoever brought the princess back could marry her. 结构：whoever引导主语从句 译：国王说，无论谁把公主救回来，就能娶她。 7.I see her!She is far away,on a rock at sea,with the dragon. 结构：see+宾语；far away遥远；with the dragon和龙在一起 译：我看见她了！她在很远的、海中的岩石上，和龙在一起。 8.I may hurt the princess if I shoot the dragon. 结构：may+动词原形（可能）；if引导条件状语从句 译：如果我打龙，可能会伤到公主。 9.He moved as quietly as a mouse and quickly freed the princess. 结构：as quietly as像.一样安静；free sb.释放某人 译：他像老鼠一样悄悄移动，迅速救出了公主。 10.The dragon began to chase them. 结构：begin to do sth.开始做某事 译：龙开始追赶他们。 11.Its fall broke their ship. 结构：fall(名词)坠落；break打破 译：它的坠落砸破了他们的船。 12.Luckily,the fourth brother took his needle and sewed the ship together. 结构：take sth.and+动词；sew together缝合 译：幸运的是，四弟拿出针，把船缝好了。 13.Each of you is as good as the others,but you are much stronger together. 结构：as good as和..一样好；much stronger强壮得多 译：你们每个人都和其他人一样棒，但你们团结起来更强。 14.It was much better to share than to fight. 结构：It is better to do A than to do B做A比做B更好 译：分享比净吵好得多。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择 1.The eagle can see than anyone. A.far B.farther C.farthest D.more far 2.The cheetah said he was faster all of them. A.than B.to C.of D.as 3.The monkey can throw a stone than the others. A.good B.well C.better D.best 4.The spider can sew anything together,even something soft as that leaf A.so B.as C.too D.such 5.The king said brought the princess back could marry her. A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 6."I may hurt the princess if I the dragon,"said the monkey. A.shoot B.shoots C.shot D.shooting 7.The cheetah moved quietly as a mouse. A.so B.as C.too D.very 8.Luckily,the fourth brother his needle and sewed the ship together. A.takes B.took C.will take D.is taking 9.Each brother is good as the others. A.so B.as C.more D.very 10.It was much better to share than A.fight B.to fight C.fighting D.fought 练习二：完成句子（每空一词） 1.老鹰能看得比谁都远。 The eagle can see anyone. 2.我跑得比你们都快。 I am all of you. 3.他爬上树，取下蛋，然后放回去。 He climbed the tree, the eggs,and then put them 4.他像老鼠一样安静。 He moved quietly a mouse. 5.龙开始追赶他们。 The dragon chase them. 6.龙的坠落打破了船。 The dragon's their ship. 7.你们侮个人和其他人一样棒。 Each of you is the others. 8.分享比打架好得多。 It was much to share to fight. 9.四弟拿出针，把船缝好了。 The fourth brother his needle and the ship together 10猴子说："如果我打龙，可能会伤到公主。“ The monkey said,"I hurt the princess if I the dragon." 练习三：翻译句子（根据中文及提示完成英文句子） 1我能看见远处的公主。(can see,far away) 2.他像猫—样快。(as fast as) 3.国王说，谁能救回公主，谁就能娶她。 (whoever could marry) 4.他们乘船出发去了那块岩石。(sailed to) 5.猴子一石子打中了龙。(shot,a stone) 6.蜘蛛把船缝好了。(sewed together) 7.你们团结起来更强壮。(much stronger together) 8.他们很高兴分享王国。(pleased,share the kingdom) 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.B;2.A;3.C;4B;5.C;6.A;7.B;8.B;9.B;10.B 1.farther than;2.faster than;3.took;back;4.as;as; 练习二：完成句子 5.began to;6.fall broke;7.as good as;8.better;than; 9.took;sewed;10.may;shoot 1.I can see the princess far away;2.He is as fast as a cat.; 3.The king said whoever brought the princess back could marry her;4.They sailed to the rock.5.The monkey shot a 练习三：翻译句子 stone at the dragon.;6.The spider sewed the ship together.;7.You are much stronger together.;8.They were pleased to share the kingdom. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 Long ago,in a green forest,four animal friends lived together.They were different in many ways,but they loved each other. "I can see farther than anyone,"said Eagle."At the top of that tall tree,there are five eggs in a nest." "I am faster than all of you-l move as quickly as a wind,"said Cheetah.He climbed up the tree,took the eggs quietly,and then put them back.The mother bird never noticed it. "I can shoot better than all of you,"said Monkey.He then threw a fruit and hit a leaf above the nest. Bee said,"I can fix anything together,even something as soft as that leaf"In no time,the leaf was as good as new. One day,a big snake came and took away the rabbit princess.The wise old owl said, "Whoever brings the princess back can live in the best part of the forest." Eagle said,"I see her!She is far away,on a big rock near the river,with the snake." So the four friends went to the rock. Monkey said,"I may hurt the princess if I throw fruits at the snake." "Leave it to me,"said Cheetah.He moved as quietly as a mouse and quickly freed the princess. Suddenly,the snake began to chase them.Monkey threw fruits at it,but the snake's fall broke their boat.Luckily,Bee took his special wax and fixed the boat together. Then they all sailed home safely. The wise old owl asked,"Which of you will live in the best part of the forest?"The friends began to argue.Each one believed that he did more than the others.Finally, the owl said,"Each of you is as good as the others,but you are much stronger together.Instead,I give all of you the best part of the forest to share."The friends were pleased.It was much better to share than to fight. ()1.What did Cheetah do in the forest first? A.He saw the eggs in the nest. B.He moved quickly and took the eggs. C.He threw a fruit at a leaf. D.He fixed the broken leaf ()2.Why was the rabbit princess taken away? A.Because she was lost in the forest. B.Because a big snake took her. C.Because she wanted to see the rock. D.Because the animals asked her to go ()3.What does the underlined word "wax"in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A一种工具 B.一种材料 C.一种武器 D.一种食物 ()4.What did the four friends learn at the end? A.Fighting is the best way to solve problems. B.Living alone is better than living together. C.Working together and sharing bring happiness. D.Only one of them could get the reward. ()5.Which is the best title for the passage? A.Four Animal Friends B.The Snake and the Princess C.The Wise Old Owl D.How to Live in the Forest B篇 In many cultures around the world,animals appear in stories that teach important lessons.These stories,called fables )have been told for hundreds of years.One of the most famous fable writers was Aesop,who lived in ancient Greece around 600 BC. Aesop's fables are short stories with animal characters that act like humans.Each story ends with a moral ()-a lesson about how to behave.For example,in "The Tortoise and the Hare",a fast rabbit laughs at a slow turtle.The rabbit is so confident that he takes a nap during the race.The turtle keeps moving slowly but steadily and wins the race.The moral is:"Slow and steady wins the race." Another famous fable is "The Fox and the Grapes".A fox sees some delicious- looking grapes hanging high on a vine.He tries very hard to reach them but fails. Finally,he gives up and says,"Those grapes are probably sour anyway."The moral is: "It is easy to hate what you cannot have." Fables are not just for children.Adults also enjoy them because they offer wisdom about life in a simple way.Many common expressions in English come from fables,like "sour grapes"when someone pretends not to want something they cannot get. Today,these stories are still popular.They are used in schools to teach reading and values.By reading fables,people learn about honesty,kindness,hard work,and other important qualities.Next time you read a story about talking animals,remember- there might be a deeper lesson waiting for you. ()1.What is special about the characters in Aesop's fables? A.They are all humans. B.They are animals that act like humans. C.They are only from Greece. D.They always tell the truth. ()2.In "The Tortoise and the Hare",why does the hare lose the race? A.Because he is too slow. B.Because he stops to take a nap. C.Because the turtle cheats. D.Because the road is too long. ()3.What does the moral of "The Fox and the Grapes"teach us? A.We should try our best to get what we want. B.We should not hate things we cannot have. C.Grapes are always sour. D.Foxes are clever animals. ()4.Why do adults also like fables according to the passage? A.Because fables are funny stories. B.Because fables offer life wisdom in a simple way. C.Because fables are about famous people. D.Because fables are easy to write. ()5.What does the writer think of fables? A.They are only for young children. B.They are out of date now. C.They still have value today. D.They are difficult to understand. 二、完形填空 In a big forest lived four friends.Each of them had a special ability."I can see farther than 1. said the hawk."I can run as 2. as the wind,"said the rabbit. The monkey said,"I can climb higher than any of you."The little mouse said 3. _"I may be small,but I can go into any small space." One day,a little bird came and 4.them for help."My baby is stuck in a hole in a tall tree.I cannot get 5.out,"she cried. The friends 6.to help.First,the hawk flew high to find the hole."I see it!It's near the top of the tree,"he said.Then the monkey climbed up quickly and looked 7. the hole."The hole is too small for me.Only the mouse can get in,"he said. The rabbit had an idea."Mouse,you are 8.small to go into the hole.But you need a rope to carry the baby bird out."The mouse said,"That's a good idea!"He went into the hole,9.the baby bird,and slowly came out. The mother bird was very happy "10. you all!"she said.The four friends felt proud.They learned that each of them was important in 11.own way. A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.no one A.quickly B.quicker C.quick D.more quickly A.quiet B.quietly C.quieter D.quietness A.ask B.asks C.asked D.asking A.him B.her C.it D.them A.decide B.decided C.deciding D.decides A.at B.for C.into D.after A.too B.very C.so D.quite A.pick B.picked C.picking D.picks A.Thank B.Thanks C.Thanking D.Thanked A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 三、阅读短文回答问题 The Crow and the Pitcher(乌鸦与水瓶) One hot summer day,a crow was very thirsty.She flew around looking for water.After a long time,she found a pitcher with some water at the bottom.But the pitcher was tall and narrow.The crow tried to put her head into the pitcher,but her beak could not reach the water.She tried to push the pitcher over,but it was too heavy. The crow was tired and almost gave up.But then she had an idea.She saw some small stones on the ground.She picked up one stone with her beak and dropped it into the pitcher.The water level rose a little.She picked up another stone and dropped it in. The water rose again.One by one,she dropped stones into the pitcher.Finally,the water rose to the top.The crow drank the cool water happily. This story teaches us an important lesson:Where there is a will,there is a way.When we face problems,we should not give up easily.Instead,we can use our brains to find solutions. 1.Why couldn't the crow drink the water at first? 2.What did the crow use to make the water rise? 3.How did the crow feel at the end of the story? 4.What is the moral of this story? 5.What do you think of the crow?(请用一句话回答) 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) helpful friend different they careful one make real surprise but final Once upon a time,four animals lived together in a forest.They were very 1. from each other.The eagle could fly high,the deer could run fast,the monkey could climb trees,and the rabbit was very 2. One day,they found a big tree full of fruit."We should eat the fruit together,"said the deer.3.the monkey said,"No!I am the 4 to find this tree,so I should eat 5.alone."The other animals felt sad. Just then,a strong wind blew and many fruits fell to the ground.The animals all helped to collect 6. fruits."See?"said the eagle."When we work together, we can do more.We shouldn't be selfish.It's much better to share." The monkey felt 7.sorry."You are right.I was wrong.From now on,I will share everything with my 8."So the four animals shared the fruit and had a wonderful meal. A wise old owl watched them and said,"This is a 9. good lesson.When friends work together,everyone is happy.10.,each animal is special.But together,they are much stronger." 1. 2. 3 4. 5. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. 五、导作 话题：Teamwork(团队合作) 提示： 1.你认为团队合作重要吗？ 2.举一个你或他人通过团队合作成功解决问题的例子。 3从这个经历中你学到了什么？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 阅读理 A篇：1.B2.B3.B4.C5.A 解 B篇：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.C 二、完形填 空 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.C;5.C;6.B;7.C;8.A;9.B;10.A;11.C 1.at the bottom (of the pitcher) 2.small stones 三、阅读短 文回答问题 3.happy 4.not give up easily/use our brains to find solutions 5.参考：I think the crow is very clever/smart.(答案不唯一，合理即可) 四、短文填 1.different 2.helpful 3.But 4.first 5.them 6.the 7.really 8.friends 9.truly 空 10.Finally 五、写作 范文： Teamwork I think teamwork is very important.Last month,our class was asked to clean the school garden.The work was too much for one person.So we worked together.Some students pulled out weeds,some watered the flowers,and others picked up rubbish.In just one hour,the garden looked beautiful. From this experience,I learned that team work makes difficult tasks easy.When everyone does their part,we can finish things faster and better.Teamwork also brings us closer toaether.I believe team work really matters in our life.