Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!（下）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（人教版）

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 知识点精讲（下） 。单元核心词汇 dream go boating fill...with...;sweetness secret; whenever separate born ⊙单元同步语法 可数名词与不可数名词辨析 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.dream/dri:m/v.&n.做梦；梦想 词形变化：dreamed/dreamt(过去式/过去分词)；dreaming(现在分词) 搭配：dream of/)about梦想；向往 例句：I dream of being a teacher..我梦想成为一名老师。 She had a strange dream last night.她昨晚做了一个奇怪的梦。 2.go boating/gau'beutIn/短语.去划船 结构：go+V-ing表示"去做某事”（类似go fishing/go swimming) 例佝：e often go boating on the lake..我们经常在湖上划船。 3.f.…with。/fwr/短语.用.装满 词形变化：fill(v.装满；filled(过去式/过去分词)；filling(现在分词) 搭辄：be filled with充满.（状态） 例佝：Fill the bottle with water.把瓶子装满水。 The room is filled with laughter..房间里充满了笑声。 4.sweetness/'swi:tnas/n.甜蜜；甜味；美好 词形变化：sweet(adj.甜的；甜蜜的)→sweetness(n.)→sweetly(adM.) 词根词缀：-ness是名词后缀，表示"性质、状态” 例句：The sweetness of the cake is just right.蛋糕的甜度刚好。 Her kindness brings sweetness to our life.她的善良给我们的生活带来甜蜜。 5.secret/'si:kret/n.秘密adj.秘密的 词形变化：secretly(adv.秘密地)；secrecy(n.保密) 搭配：keep a secret保守秘密；in secret秘密地 例句：Can you keep a secret?你能保守秘密吗？ They had a secret meeting.他们开了一个秘密会议。 6.whenever /wen'eva(r)/conj.无论何时；每当 词形变化：由when+ever构成，表示"任何时候” 例佝：You can call me whenever you need help..你任何时候需要帮助都可以给我打 电话。 WVhenever I see her,she is smiling.每当我看到她，她都在微笑。 7.separate/'sepereIt//v.分开；分离；adj.单独的；不同的 词形变化：separated(过去式/过去分词)；separating(现在分词)；separately (adv.);separation (n.) 搭配：separate..from..把.和分开 例佝：Separate the good apples from the bad ones.把好苹果和坏苹果分开。 They live in separate rooms.他们住在不同的房间。 8.borm/bo:nlv.(bear的过去分词)出生 词形变化：bear(v.生育；忍受)→bore(过去式)→born(过去分词，用于"出 生”) 搭配：be born出生（常用被动语态） 例佝：1 was born in2008.我出生于2008年。 She was born with a talent for music..她天生有音乐天赋。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.1 often (go boating)with my parents on weekends 2.Don't tell anyone!Can you keep a (secret)? 3.The cake is too sweet.I don't like such (sweet) 4.She (fill)the cup with tea just now 5.My little sister (dream)of becoming a dancer. 6. (whenever)you come,I will be happy to see you. 7.Please (separate)these books into two piles 8.He (bear)in a small village in 1999. 9.The room (fill)with flowers smells nice. 10.They (go boating)on the river yesterday. 11.I know a (secret)place where we can play. 12. (whenever)I listen to this song,I feel relaxed. (二)短文填空 Everyone has a 1._ (dream).Last summer,I 2. (go boating)with my cousin.We 3. (fill)the boat 4. (with)snacks and drinks.The 5. (sweetness)of the fresh air made us happy.We shared a 6. (secret)about our future plans.7. (Whenever)we meet,we talk about that day.Time cannot 8. (separate)us.We were 9. (born)in the same year,and we are best friends. 参考答案 1.go boating;2.secret;3.sweetness;4.filled;5.dreams;6.Whenever; (一）单句填空 7.separate;8.was born;9.filled;10.went boating;11.secret; 12.Whenever (二)短文填空 1.dream;2.went boating;3.filled;4.with;5.sweetness;6.secret; 7.Whenever;8.separate;9.born 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 可数名词与不可数名词辨析 类别 定义 用法要点 示例 单数前可用a/an;复 a book→two 可以计数的名词，有 数后加-s/-es;可用 可数名词 many few、a books;many 单数和复数形式 few、a number of apples 修饰 不能用a/an,但可用 water(不可说a 不可以计数的名词， some、any 不可数名词 much、little、.a water）;much 没有复数形式 little、a lot of;用it milk;some rice 指代 注意复数变化规则： book,pen,student, 般加-s,以 常见可数名词（初 teacher,apple, box→boxes; s/x/ch/sh结尾加- 中) orange,car,city, family→families es,辅音+y变y为i animal,friend 加-es water,milk,bread, rice,meat,juice, 不可数名词表数量时 tea,coffee, 用"量词+of”结 two glasses of 常见不可数名词（初 中) weather 构：a glass of milk;a piece of information,news, water,a piece of bread homework,fun, news advice,work,music 如：fish(鱼/鱼 有些名词在英语中既 I have a fish.(一条 特殊名词 肉)，chicken(小 可数又不可数，意义 鱼)/1 like fish.(鱼 鸡/鸡肉)，orange 不同 (橙子/橙汁) 肉的统称) -How many how many+可数 apples do you 数量提问 how many books; 名词复数；how need?-Five./ how much milk much+不可数名词 How much water is there?一A little. 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.-How bread do you want? -Two pieces,please. A.many B.much C,some D.any 2.There some milk in the glass. A.is B.are C.be D.has 3.1 would like orange juice A.a B.an C.some D.many 4.-How students are there in your class? -Forty. A.much B.many C.some D.any 5.Please give me advice.I need your help A.a B.an C.some D.many 6.There are books on the desk. A.much B.a little C.a few D.little 7.-What do you have for breakfast? -I have and A.bread;an egg B.breads;egg C.bread;a egg D.a bread;egg 8.The weather in Beijing is very cold in winter. is also dry. A.It B.They C.This D.That 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 1.There (be)some water in the bottle 2.How (much many)rice do we need? 3.I have two (apple)and a glass of (juice). 4.She likes (chicken)for lunch.(指鸡肉) 5.These (child)are very friendly. 6.-Do you have (some)tea?-Yes,I do 7.There are three (box)under the bed. 8.We need (ite)salt than before..(用比较级) 9.-How (much many)is this book?-It's 20 yuan. 10. (be)there any information about the movie? 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.A;3.C;4.B;5.C;6.C;7.A;8.A 语法专练二：语法填空 1.is;2.much;3.apples;juice;4.chicken;5.children; 6.any;7.boxes;8.less;9.much;10.Is A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章句型 I.Pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world. 结构：one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 短语：one of the most popular..最受欢迎的..之一 译：比萨是世界上最受欢迎的快餐之一。 2.In fact,around the world,people eat 5 billion pizzas every year! 结构：主语+谓语+宾语+时间状语 短语：around the world全世界；every year每年 译：事实上，全世界的人们每年吃掉50亿张比萨！ (3.But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? 结构：特殊疑问句(where+一般过去时；what+一般现在时) 短语：come from来自；make+宾语+形容词使..变得... 译：但是比萨从哪里来，又是什么让它如此受欢迎呢？ 4.Thousands of years ago,the Greeks,Italians,and Persians started putting vegetables, oil,cheese,and other things on flat bread. 结构：start doing sth.开始做某事 短语：thousands of数千的；flat bread扁平面包 译：几干年前，希腊人、意大利人和波斯人开始把蔬菜、油、奶酪和其他东西放在扁 平面包上。 5.The ingredients depended on the area,but there was one thing in common:Everyone put the toppings on some type of bread. 结构：depend on取决于；there be+主语+介词短语 短语：in common共同点；some type of某种类型的 译：配料取决于地区，但有一个共同点：每个人都把馅料放在某种面包上。 6.Our modern pizza goes back to the Romans more than 2,000 years ago. 结构：go back to追溯到 短语：more than超过 译：我们现代的比萨可以追溯到两干多年前的罗马人。 7.In the 1700s,a pizza with tomato sauce and cheese became popular in Naples,Italy. 结构：with+名词短语作定语修饰pizza 短语：become popular变得流行 译：在18世纪，一种带番茄酱和奶酪的比萨在意大利那不勒斯流行起来。 8.Later,Italians brought the pizza to America,and then it became a popular food all over the world,with different pizzas from different places. 结构：bring..to.把带到.；become+名词成为. 短语：all over the world全世界；vith different.伴随不同.. 译：后来，意大利人把比萨带到美国，然后它成为全世界流行的食物，不同的地方有 不同的比萨。 (9.Photographs of movie stars and famous athletes with pizza helped it become more and more popular,and that led to competitions. 结构：help sb../sth.(to)do sth.帮助…做某事；lead to导致 短语：more and more越来越；movie stars电影明星 译：电影明星和著名运动员与比的合影帮助它变得越来越流行，这导致了比赛。 10.Today,we have the World Pizza Games. 结构：have+名词有.. 译：今天，我们有世界比萨大赛。 11.For example,in 2017,there was a new record for the world's longest pizza. 结构：there was+主语+介词短语存在…。 短i语：for example例如；a record for.的记录 译：例如，2017年，诞生了一项世界最长比萨的新纪录。 12.It was over 1.9 kilometres long! 结构：be+数量词+计量形容词long/wide/tall etc. 短语：over超过 译：它超过1.9公里长！ (13.Today,pizza is popular all over the world,and different places have their own loca pizzas. 结构：have their own+名词拥有自己的.… 短语：local pizzas本地特色比萨 译：今天，比萨在全世界都很流行，不同的地方有他们自己的本地比萨。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：单项选择（从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案） 1.Pizza is one of popular fast foods in the world. A.much more B.the most C.more D.most 2.People eat 5 billion pizzas year A.each B.a C.every D.per 3.Where pizza come from? A.is B.was C.does D.did 4.Thousands years ago,people started putting things on flat bread. A.of B.in C,for D,with 5.The ingredients on the area. A.depended B.depend C.are depending I D.depends 6.Everyone put the toppings some type of bread A.in B.on C.into D.at 7.Our modern pizza back to the Romans. A.go B.goes C.going D.went 8.In the 1700s,a pizza tomato sauce and cheese became popular. A.with B.and C.of D,in 9.That led competitions. A.in B.to C.for D.at 10.There was a new record the world's longest pizza. A.to B.of C.for D,with 练习二：完成句子（根据中文提示，每空一词） 1.比萨是世界上最受欢迎的食物之一。 Pizza is one of popular foods in the world. 2.全世界的人们每年吃掉0亿张比萨。 People world eat 5 billion pizzas every year. 3.比萨来自哪里？ pizza come from? 4几干年前，人们开始把蔬菜放在扁平面包上。 years ago,people started putting vegetables on flat bread. 5.配料取决于地区。 The ingredients the area. 6.他们有一个共同点。 They have one thing 7现代比萨可以追溯到两干多年前的罗马人。 Our modern pizza to the Romans more than 2,000 years ago. 8.这导致了比赛。 That competitions. 9.比萨超过1.9公里长。 It was 1.9 kilometres 10.不同的地方有他们自己的本地比萨。 Different places have local pizzas. 练习三：翻译句子（将中文句子翻译成英文，注意横线填写完整句子） 1.比萨是全世界最流行的快餐之一。 2每年人们吃掉50亿张比萨。 3.比萨的起源可以追溯到两干多年前。 4.18世纪，带番茄酱和奶酪的比萨变得流行。 5.他们把馅料放在某种面包上。 6.配料取决于不同的地区。 7电影阴星的照片帮助比萨变得流行。 8.2017年，有一个世界最长比萨的新纪录。 9它还引发了比赛。 10.不同地方有他们自己的本地比萨。 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.B;2.C;3.D;4A;5.A;6.B;7.B;8.A;9.B;10.C 1.the most;2.around the;3.Where did;4.Thousands of; 练习二：完成句子 5.depend on;6.in common;7.goes back;8.led to; 9.over;long;10.their own 练习三：翻译句子 1.Pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world. 2.People eat 5 billion pizzas every year. 3.The origin of pizza goes back to more than 2,000 years ago. 4.In the 1700s,a pizza with tomato sauce and cheese became popular. 5.They put the toppings on some type of bread. 6.The ingredients depend on different areas. 7.Photographs of movie stars helped pizza become popular. 8.In 2017,there was a new record for the world's longest pizza. 9.It also led to competitions. 10.Different places have their own local pizzas. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world,but did you know that different countries have their own special styles?Let's take a look at some unique pizzas from around the globe. In Japan,you can find a pizza topped with mayonnaise()corn,and seafood like shrimp and squid.Some Japanese pizzas even have teriyaki chicken or seaweed on top. These toppings might sound strange to people from other countries,but they are very popular in Japan. In Brazil,pizzas are often topped with green peas,hard-boiled eggs,and even ketchup.Brazilians also like to put sweet corn and cheese on their pizzas.Another interesting topping is catupiry,a kind of soft Brazilian cheese that is creamy and delicious. In India,people love spicy food,so their pizzas often have toppings like chicken tikka, paneer (a kind of cheese),and spicy peppers.Some pizzas are even made with curry sauce instead of tomato sauce.Indian pizzas are full of flavor and color! In Australia,you can find pizzas with kangaroo meat or emu meat.These meats are very lean(and have a strong taste.Australians also like to put pineapple on their pizzas,which is a topic of hot debate (in many countries. These different pizza styles show how people around the world make a foreign food their own.Next time you eat pizza,think about all the amazing ways it can be made! ()1.What is special about Japanese pizzas? A.They are always made with curry sauce. B.They have toppings like mayonnaise and seafood. C.They are only sold in Tokyo. D.They have no cheese on them. ()2.What kind of cheese is used on Brazilian pizzas? A.Mozzarella B.Cheddar C.Catupiry D.Paneer ()3.Why are Indian pizzas full of flavor and color? A.Because they use a lot of cheese. B.Because they are cooked in special ovens. C.Because they have spicy toppings and colorful ingredients. D.Because they are made with different kinds of bread. ()4.What is the main idea of this passage? A.Pizza is the most popular food in the world. B.People in different countries change pizza to fit their tastes. C.Japanese people like strange food. D.Pineapple on pizza is a bad idea. ()5.Where might you find a pizza made with kangaroo meat? A.In Japan B.In Brazil C.In India D.In Australia B篇 Did you know that the first pizza delivery()happened in 1889?It was a very special pizza made for the King of Italy!Before that,people only ate pizza in restaurants or made it at home. Today,pizza delivery is a huge business.In the United States alone,people order about 3 billion pizzas every year.Many of these are delivered to homes and offices.But how did pizza delivery become so popular? The answer lies in technology and convenience ()In the 1950s,cars became common in American families.This made it possible for restaurants to deliver food to customers'homes.Then,in the 1960s,the first pizza chains like Domino's and Pizza Hut started.They focused on fast delivery.Domino's even had a promise:"30 minutes or it's free!" Today,technology has made pizza delivery even easier.You can order pizza on your phone using an app.You can even track (your delivery driver on a map to see when your pizza will arrive.Some companies are even testing drone (delivery! However,pizza delivery is not perfect.Sometimes the pizza arrives cold or late.The delivery driver might get lost.And the pizza box can get squished ()Despite these problems,pizza delivery remains popular because it is quick and easy. ()1.When was the first pizza delivery made? A.In the 1950s B.In 1889 C.In the 1960s D.In 1890 ()2.What made food delivery possible for American families in the 1950s? A.The invention of the telephone B.The popularity of cars C.The opening of pizza chains D.The use of the internet ()3.What promise did Domino's make in the 1960s? A.Free pizza for first-time customers B.Delivery in 30 minutes or free C.Hot pizza every time D.Pizza made with fresh ingredients ()4.What new way of pizza delivery is being tested today? A.Bicycle delivery B.Train delivery C.Drone delivery D.Boat delivery ()5.What is the main problem with pizza delivery according to the passage? A.It is too expensive. B.It is not healthy. C.Sometimes the pizza is cold or late. D.People don't like pizza anymore. 二、完形填空 Pizza is my favourite food.I love it so much that I even 1.to make it myself last weekend.It was a wonderful experience! First,I went to the supermarket with my mother.We bought some flour,cheese, tomato sauce,and fresh vegetables.I wanted to make a pizza 2.my own hands.At home,I washed my hands and started.I put the flour in a big bowl and 3. some water.Then I mixed them together to make dough ()It was sticky (at first,but 4.I practiced,it became smooth. After that,I spread the dough into a round shape.It was not perfect,but I was 5. of my work.Next,I put the tomato sauce on the dough.I spread it 6. with a spoon.Then I added cheese,mushrooms,and some slices of pepperoni. I asked my mother to put the pizza into the 7..While waiting,I felt very excited.After fifteen minutes,the pizza was ready.The kitchen 8.wonderful!I cut the pizza into pieces and shared it with my family.Everyone said it was delicious. 9. the pizza,I felt very happy.I learned that making food by yourself is not difficult.It is fun and you can 10.your own favourite toppings.I will make pizza again next time! A.try B.tried C.trying D.tries A.in B.on C.by D.with A.added B.add C.adding D.adds A.as B.after C.before D.since A.pride B.proud C.proudly D.proudness A.easily B.easy C.easier D.easiest A.fridge B.table C.oven D.sink A.looked B.tasted C.felt D.smelled A.Eating B.Ate C.Eaten D.To eat A.choose B.chose C.chosen D.choosing 三、阅读短文回答问题 People have been eating pizza for a very long time,but the pizza we know today started in Naples,Italy.In the 1700s,Naples was a busy city with many poor workers. They needed cheap food that they could eat quickly.So they started putting tomatoes on flat bread.Tomatoes were a new food from America,and at first people thought they were poisonous()But the poor people of Naples tried them and found them delicious！ The first pizzas were simple:just bread,tomatoes,oil,and sometimes cheese.They were sold on the street and eaten with hands.In 1889,a chef named Raffaele Esposito made a special pizza for the King of Italy.He used tomatoes,mozzarella cheese,and basil to match the colors of the Italian flag:red,white,and green.This pizza was called Pizza Margherita,after the queen.It is still one of the most popular pizzas today. Italian immigrants)brought pizza to the United States in the late 1800s.At first, only Italians ate it.But after World War ll,American soldiers who had been in Italy came home and wanted to eat pizza again.Soon,pizza became popular all over America.Today,pizza is loved by people all around the world. 1.Where is Tom from? 2.Why did poor workers in Naples need quick and cheap food? 3.What did people first think about tomatoes? 4.What do the colors of Pizza Margherita stand for? 5.When did pizza become popular all over America? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) begin bread different fill nation real sauce secret sweet whenever My grandmother is from Italy,and she makes the best pizza in the world!She has a 1. recipe (that she never tells anyone.But last summer,she taught me how to make it. First,we made the dough.We 2.the bowl with flour and water.Then we mixed them together.My grandmother said,"The 3.to good pizza is patience(). You must let the dough rest." After the dough was ready,we spread it into a thin circle.Then came the tomato 4. My grandmother uses 5.tomatoes from her garden.She cooks them with garlic and herbs until they become thick and 6. The best part was adding the toppings.We put mozzarella cheese,fresh basil,and olive oil on top.My grandmother said that 7.I make pizza,I should use the 8. ingredients I can find. When the pizza came out of the oven,it smelled amazing!The 9. of the cheese and tomatoes filled the kitchen.We sat down and ate together.It was the 10. of a wonderful tradition.Now I make pizza with my family every month! 1. 2. 3. 4 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 五、导作 话题：My Favourite Food 提示： 1.What is your favourite food? 2.Why do you like it? 3.When do you usually eat it? 4.How does it make you feel? 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、阅读理 A篇：1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D 解 B篇：1.B2.B3.B4.C5.C 二、完形填 空 1.B2.C3.A4.A5.B6.B7.C8.D9.A10.A 1.The modern pizza started in Naples,Italy. 2.Because they were poor and needed cheap food they could eat quickly. 三、阅读短 文回答问题 3.People first thought tomatoes were poisonous. 4.They stand for the colors of the Italian flag:red,white,and green. 5.After World War ll. 四、短文填 1.secret 2.filled 3.secret 4.sauce 5.real 6.sweet 7.whenever 8.best 空 9.sweetness 10.beginning 11.know 五、写作 范文： My favourite food is pizza.I love it because it is delicious and there are so many different kinds.You can put almost anything on it!I usually eat pizza on weekends with my family.Sometimes we make it at home,and sometimes we order from a restaurant.Eating pizza makes me feel happy and warm.When I share pizza with my family,we talk and laugh together.Pizza is not just food-it brings people together. That is why I love it so much!