Unit 3 Make it happen!(下)-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册知识点精讲（外研版）

Unit 3 Make it happen! 知识点精讲下) 。单元核心词汇 inventor curiosity electricity lightning exploration failure future explorer risk 。单元同步语法 常见只能接不定式/只能接-ig作宾语的动词辨析 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 A 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.inventor /in'vente(r)ln.发明家；发明者 词形变化：invent(v.发明)；invention(n.发明)；invented(过去式/过去分词) 词根词缀：invent(发明)+-or(表示人) 例佝：Edison was a great inventor..爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。 2.curiosit)/,kjueri'"psti/n.好奇心；求知欲 词形变化：curious(adj.好奇的)；curiously(adv.好奇地) 词根词缀：curious(好奇的)+-ity(名词后缀) 搭配：have curiosity about对..有好奇心；out of curiosity出于好奇 例佝：Children have strong curiosity about everything.孩子们对一切都有强烈的好 奇心。 3.electricity/ilek'trIseti/n.电；电能 词形变化：electric(adj.电的)；electrical(adj.与电有关的)；electronic(adj.电子 的) 词根词缀：electric(电的)+-ity(名词后缀) 例佝：Electricity makes our life easier.电让我们的生活更方便。 4.lightning/'lartnIr/n.闪电 词形变化：无常见派生词；注意与lightning(变亮)区分 搭配：lightning rod避雷针；like lightning闪电般地；迅速地 例句：The lightning lit up the sky..闪电照亮了天空。 5.exploration/.eksple'rern/n.探索；探险 词形变化：explore(v.探索)；explorer(n.探险家)；explored(过去式/过去分词) 词根词缀：explore(探索)+-ation(名词后缀) 搭配：space exploration太空探索；exploration of.对的探索 例句：Space exploration is very exciting.太空探索非常令人兴奋。 6.failure/fer到ja(r)ln.失败；失败的人/事 词形变化：fail(v.失败)；failed(过去式/过去分词) 词根词缀：fail(失败)+-ure(名词后缀) 搭配：failure to do sth.未能做某事；end in failure以失败告终 例句：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。 7 future/'fju:tfe(r)ln.未来；将来adj.未来的 词形变化：无词形变化；相关词：futureless(adj.没有前途的) 搭配：in the future在未来；in future今后；bright future光明的未来 例佝：What will our future be like?我们的未来会是什么样？ 8.explorer/tk'splo:re(r)ln.探险家；探索者 词形变化：explore(v.探索)；exploration(n.探索)；explored(过去式/过去分词) 词根词缀：explore(探索)+-er(表示人) 例句：Columbus was a famous explorer.哥伦布是一位著名的探险家。 9.risk /rsk/n.风险；危险v.冒的风险 词形变化：risky(adj.有风险的)；risked(过去式/过去分词)；risking(现在分词) 搭配：take a risk/take risks冒险；risk doing sth.冒险做某事；at risk处于危险 中 例句：Don't take unnecessary risks.不要冒不必要的风险。 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空 (用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.Thomas Edison was a great (invent) 2.The boy is very (curiosity)about the stars. 3.We use (electric)to light our rooms 4.There was a flash of (lightning)during the storm. 5.The (explore)of the deep sea is dangerous. 6.Never give up after a (fail). 7.What do you want to be in the (future)? 8.Zheng He was a brave」 (explore). 9.You'd better not (risk)your health for work. 10.Some people are afraid of (electric)because it can hurt 11.His (curious)led him to become a scientist. 12.The (invent)of the light bulb changed the world. （二)短文填空 Thomas Edison was a famous 1. (invent).He had great 2 (curious)about how things worked.He studied 3. (electric)and tried many experiments.One day,during a storm,he watched 4. (lightning)and thought about how to use it.He faced many 5. (fail)in his 6. (explore)of new ideas.But he never gave up.He knew that 7. (risk)was necessary for progress.Finally,his hard work created a bright 8. (future) for everyone.Another great 9. (explore)is Galileo.He also took 10 (risk)to discover the truth 参考答案 1.inventor;2.curious;3.electricity;4.lightning;5.exploration;6.failure; (一）单句填空 7.future;8.explorer;9.risk;10.electricity;11.curiosity;12.invention 1.inventor;2.curiosity;3.electricity;4.lightning;5.failures;6.exploration; (二)短文填空 7.risk;8.future;9.explorer;10.risks 教材同步语法全解全练 重点2 单元语法 语法：常见只能接不定式/只能接-ig作宾语的动词辨析 项目 内容 动词：want,hope,decide,plan,learn, agree,refuse,promise 用法说明：这些动词后只能接"to+动词原 形”作宾语，不能接-ing形式。 例句：I want to visit the zoo.(v)I want 只能接不定式(todo)的动词 visiting the zoo.(X) 另外：would like,wish,expect,offer,,fail 同样只接不定式，表示意愿、期望、提议 等。 例句：She hopes to see pandas.()She hopes seeing pandas.(x) 动词：enjoy,,finish,mind,practice,, suggest,keep,avoid,consider 用法说明：这些动词后只能接“动词 ing”形式，不能接不定式。 例句：|enjoy watching animals..(v)l 只能接-ing作宾语的动词 enjoy to watch animals.(x) 另外：admit,,imagine,miss,risk,give up, can't help 同样只接-ing,表示习惯、建议、避免等。 例句：He kept running for an hour.(v) He kept to run for an hour.(x) 动词：stop,remember,forget,try,goon 用法说明：这些动词后接不定式与接-ing意 注意 义不同，需根据语境判断。 例句：I remember to lock the door.(记得 要锁门)I remember locking the door. (记得锁过门) 考点通关 单元语法 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.My brother hopes a scientist in the future. A.becoming B.to become C.becomes D.became 2.Would you like some water? A.drinking B.to drink C.drink D.to drinking 3.l enjoy English stories before bed. A.reading B.to read C.read D.reads 4.The students decided a trip to the museum. A.having B.to have C.have D.had 5.Please practice English every day. A.speak B.to speak C.speaking D.spoke 6.Mary finished her homework at 9:00 p.m. A.do B.to do C.doing D.does 7.He agreed me with the project. A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 8.We should avoid in the street. A.play B.to play C.playing D.played 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 用所给动词的适当形式填空（不定式或-ig形式）。 1.I want (learn)how to swim. 2.She enjoys (listen)to music in her free time. 3.They plan (visit)the Great Wall next month. 4.Can you finish (write)the report by Friday? 5.The teacher suggested (read)aloud every morning. 6.I promise (not be)late again. 7.Do you mind (open)the window?It's too hot. 8.Tom refused (help)me clean the room. 9.Keep (try),and you will succeed. 10.He offered (drive)us to the station. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.B;2.B;3.A;4.B;5.C;6.C;7.B;8.C 1.to learn;2.listening;3.to visit;4.writing;5. 语法专练二：语法填空 reading;6.not to be;7.opening;8.to help;9.trying; 10.to drive 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点3 文章精讲 1.The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. 结构：主语+would be+形容词+without+名词 中文：没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明就不可能实现. 短语：the greatest inventions最伟大的发明；without curiosity没有好奇心 2.Curiosity can bring new discoveries. 结构：主语+can+动词原形+宾语 中文：好奇心能带来新发现 短语：bring new discoveries带来新发现 3.He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. 结构：被.吸引：be drawn to.;对有深深的好奇：have a deep curiosity about... 中文：他被电吸引，对它的本质有着深深的好奇 短语：be drawn to被吸；a deep curiosity about..对.的深深好奇 4.He did lots of research to try to understand it. 结构：do+名词+to try to do sth.做.以试图做某事 中文：他做了大量研究试图理解它. 短语：lots of research大量研究；try to understand试图理解 5.His curiosity drove him to invent the lightning rod. 结构：drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事 中文：他的好奇心驱使他发明了避雷针. 短语：lightning rod避雷针 6.This invention protects buildings from lightning. 结构：protect..from.保护..免受.… 中文：这项发明保护建筑物免受雷击。 7.Curiosity can also make people brave. 结构：make+宾语+形容词使某人某物变得... 中文：好奇心也能使人勇敢 8.He was so curious about space that he invented a "flying chair"! 结构：so+形容词+that+从句如此..以至于… 中文：他对太空如比好奇以至于他发明了一把“飞行椅”！ 短语：so curious about..对.如此好奇 9.Despite the failure,his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. 结构：Despite+名词，主语+动词+宾语尽管…，… 中文：尽管失败了，他的好奇心给了未来探索者想法 短语：despite the failure尽管失败；give sb.ideas给某人想法 10.People learnt from his example,and created safer ways to explore space. 结构：learn from..从中学习；create ways to do sth.创造做某事的方法 中文：人们从他的例子中学习，并创造了更安全的探索太空的方式 11.Curiosity drives people towards certain goals. 结构：drive sb.towards.驱使某人朝向.. 中文：好奇心驱使人们朝向某些目标！ 短语：drive towards驱使向；certain goals某些目标 12.He spent years studying the sky and the earth. 结构：spend time(in)doing sth..花时间做某事 中文：他花了多年时间研究天空和大地 13.He drew China's first star map,and invented the first earthquake detector. 中文：他绘制了中国第一张星图，并发明了第一台地震检测仪 短语：star map星图；earthquake detector地震检测仪 14.Curiosity is the key.It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 结构：the key to..的关键；open doors for sb.为某人打开大门 中文：好奇心是关键。它为我们打开一扇又一扇门，去发现一个新世界 考点通关 文章精讲 练习一：完成句子（根据中文提示，每空填一个单词或短语） 1没有好奇心，伟大的发明不可能实现。 Great inventions would be impossible curiosity. 2.他被电吸引。 He to electricity. 3.他对太空如此好奇。 He was about space 4好奇心驱使人们发明新东西。 Curiosity people invent new things. 5.这项发明保护我们免受危险。 This invention us danger 6.尽管失败了，他的好奇心给了其他人希望。 the failure,his curiosity gave people hope. 7.他花了多年时间研究星星。 He years the stars. 8他发明了第一台地震检测仪。 He invented the first 9.好奇心是为我们打开新世界大门的钥匙。 Curiosity is the opening a new world for us. 10.人们从他的例子中学到了东西。 People his example. 参考答案 1.without 2.was drawn 3.so curious 4.drives;to 5.protects;from 练习一：完成句子 6.Despite;other 7.spent;studying 8.earthquake detector 9.key to 10.learnt from A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 A篇 The power of curiosity is like a hidden engine that drives human progress.Without it, we would still be living in caves.But what makes some people more curious than others?Scientists have found that curiosity is not just a personality trait-it can be developed and strengthened. One study showed that when people are curious about a topic,their brains release dopamine(多巴a胺)，a chemical that makes them feel good.This feeling encourages them to learn more.For example,a student who is curious about why the sky is blue might spend hours reading about light and color.The more they learn,the more curious they become.It is a wonderful cycle. However,curiosity can also be dangerous.The story of Icarus from Greek mythology (希腊神话)is a warning.Icarus was so curious about flying that he ignored his father's warning and flew too close to the sun.His wings melted,and he fell into the sea.This story reminds us that while curiosity is powerful,we must also use wisdom and caution. But for most of us,curiosity is a gift.It helps us discover new things,solve problems, and connect with others.As the famous scientist Marie Curie once said,"Nothing in life is to be feared,it is only to be understood.Now is the time to understand more,so that we may fear less.” ()1.According to the passage,what happens in the brain when people are curious? A.Their brains rest. B.Dopamine is released. C.They feel tired. D.They forget things. ()2.What does the underlined word "cycle"in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Learning leads to more curiosity. B.Dopamine makes people sleepy. C.Reading is a waste of time. D.Scientists study the brain. ()3.Why does the writer mention the story of Icarus? A.To show that flying is dangerous. B.To encourage people to be brave. C.To warn that curiosity needs wisdom. D.To explain Greek mythology. ()4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Curiosity is always safe and good. B.Only scientists should be curious. C.Curiosity is powerful but needs balance. D.Dopamine makes people unhappy. B篇 In 1928,a scientist named Alexander Fleming was studying bacteria ()He had a messy lab,and he often left things lying around.One day,he noticed something strange.A blue-green mold had grown on one of his bacterial culture dishes. And all around the mold,the bacteria had died. Most scientists would have thrown the dish away But Fleming was curious.Instead of cleaning up,he asked,"Why did the bacteria die?"He studied the mold carefully and found that it produced a substance that killed bacteria.He named it penicillin Fleming's discovery was accidental(偶然的)，but it was his curiosity that made the accident meaningful.He didn't just see a mess-he saw a question.His work changed medicine forever.Penicillin became the first antibiotic(抗生素)，saving millions of lives. However,it took another ten years for scientists to turn penicillin into a usable drug. During World War Il,it was mass-produced and used to treat infected (wounds. Without Fleming's curiosity,thousands of soldiers might have died from simple infections. Fleming once said,"One sometimes finds what one is not looking for."This is the magic of curiosity.It turns ordinary moments into extraordinary discoveries.So,next time you see something unusual,don't ignore it.Ask "why"and "how".You never know what you might find. ()1.What did Fleming notice in his lab? A.A new type of bacteria. B.A blue-green mold that killed bacteria. C.A dirty culture dish. D.A new way to clean. ()2.What made Fleming's discovery meaningful according to the passage? A.His messy la B. B.His curiosity C.His hard work. D.His good luck. ()3.How did penicillin help during World War ll? A.It was used to clean wounds. B.It was mass-produced to treat infections. C.It was used to kill soldiers. D.It was studied in the lab. ()4.What can we learn from Fleming's story? A.Only messy labs create discoveries B.Antibiotics are easy to find. C.Curiosity can turn accidents into discoveries. D.Scientists should never make mistakes. 二、完形填空 What makes a good scientist?Is it a high IQ()or years of training?The answer may be simpler:curiosity.Many great scientists say that their 1. to ask "why" is more important than anything else. Take the story of Isaac Newton.One day,he saw an apple fall from a tree.Most people would just pick it up and eat it.But Newton was 2.why did the apple fall down,not up 3. or sideways?This simple question led him to discover gravity (重力)， Curiosity also 4. _scientists to keep trying after failure.Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he 5.invented the light bulb.When asked about his failures,he said,"I have not failed.I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work."His curiosity about how to make light 6.him going. But curiosity is not just for scientists.Everyone can 7. from being curious.A curious student learns more in class.A curious cook tries new recipes.A curious traveler 8. new cultures.Curiosity makes life more interesting and meaningful. So,9 your curiosity.Ask questions.Explore the world around you.Remember, every great 10. starts with a simple "I wonder..." A.ability B.interest C.way D.chance A.happy B.curious C.sad D.tired A.and B.but C.or D.so A.helps B.helps to C.help D.helping A.finally B.quickly C.slowly D.easily A.kept B.keep C.keeps D.keeping A.learn B.benefit C.hear D.suffer A.discovers B.discovers about C.discovers for D.discovers at A.give up B.put away C.take away D.develop A.invention B.discovery C.question D.problem 三、阅读短文回答问题 Curiosity is often seen as a childish quality,something that children have but adults lose.However,staying curious as an adult is very important for personal growth and happiness. When we are curious,we are open to new experiences.We ask questions,try new things,and learn from our mistakes.For example,a curious person might take a cooking class,learn a new language,or visit a museum.These activities keep our brains active and healthy Curiosity also helps us understand other people.If we are curious about why someone thinks or acts differently,we are more likely to listen and learn.This builds better relationships and makes us more understanding. But how can we stay curious as adults?The first step is to stop thinking we know everything.Even experts have more to learn.Second,ask questions every day.Don't be afraid to say "I don't know."Finally,try something new regularly.It could be a new hobby,a new book,or a new place. Albert Einstein once said,"The important thing is not to stop questioning."So,keep asking,keep exploring,and keep learning.Your curiosity will take you on amazing journeys. 1.Why is curiosity important for adults? 2.What might a curious person do according to paragraph 2? 3.How does curiosity help us understand other people? 4.List one way to stay curious as an adult. 5.What is the main purpose of this passage? 四、短文填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单 词。) inventor explorer curiosity fail discover risk light future achieve lead What is the secret to success?For many great people,the answer is 1.,They never stop asking questions,even when things get 2..They know that success is built on 3.and that each 4.teaches them something new. A Chinese 5.named Cai Lun was curious about better ways to write.His 6. of paper changed the world.Similarly,an 7.like Zheng He was driven by curiosity about faraway lands.His 8.voyages opened China to the world. But curiosity without action is just a dream.We must be willing to take 9. and try new things.Only then can curiosity 10.us to success.So,keep your curiosity alive,and let it guide your 11..You might be the next great 12.! 人 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. 8. 9 10. 11. 12. 五、写作 话题：Curiosity and Me 提示： 1.你是否是一个充满好奇心的人？ 2.请写一个因为你好奇而学到新东西酣的经历。 3.好奇心给你带来了什么好处？ 4.你对未来的好奇心有什么展望？ 要求：80词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 参考答案 一、阅读理 A篇：1.B2.A3.C4.C 解 B篇：1.B2.B3.B4.C 二、完形填 空 1.A;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.A;6.A;7.B;8.A;9.D;10.B 三、阅读短 1.Because it is important for personal growth and happiness. 文回答问题 2.A curious person might take a cooking class,learn a new language,or visit a museum. 3.If we are curious about why someone thinks or acts differently,we are more likely to listen and learn. 4.(Any one of the following)Stop thinking we know everything /Ask questions every day/Try something new regularly. 5.To encourage people to stay curious. 四、短文填 1.curiosity 2.difficult 3.failures 4.failure 5.inventor 6.discovery 7.explorer 空 8.risky 9.risks 10.lead 11.future 12.inventor/explorer 五、写作 范文： I am a very curious person.I always ask "why"about everything.Once,I wondered why leaves turn yellow in autumn.I read books and watched videos.I learned it's because trees stop making chlorophyll )This made me love science even more. Curiosity helps me learn new things every day.It makes life never boring.In the future, I hope to use my curiosity to explore space and discover new planets!Curiosity is truly the key to a wonderful life.