内容正文:
2024人教版英语八年级上册
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
知识清单
📖 单元主题:神奇的动植物 —— 探索生物多样性,学习形容词/副词最高级
一、重点单词
English
中文
拓展/变形
amazing
令人惊奇的;绝妙的
amaze v. → amazed/amazing adj.
plant / animal
植物/动物
plant v. 种植
nature / natural
自然/自然的
nature n. → natural adj. → naturally adv.
huge / tiny
巨大的/极小的
反义词对
fast / slow
快的/慢的
fast adv. 快速地
strong / weak
强壮的/虚弱的
strength n. 力量
clever / smart
聪明的
cleverer/more clever(比较级)
colorful
色彩鲜艳的
color n. → colorful adj.
special
特别的;特殊的
especially adv. 尤其
dangerous
危险的
danger n. → dangerous adj. → dangerously adv.
safe
安全的
safe → safety n. 安全 → save v. 拯救
protect
保护
protection n. 保护
grow
生长;种植
grow → grew(过去式)→ grown(过去分词)
survive
生存;存活
survival n. 生存 → survivor n. 幸存者
largest / smartest
最大的/最聪明的
large的最高级/ smart的最高级
bamboo
竹子
pandas love bamboo
provide
提供
provide...for... 为……提供……
example
例子;范例
for example 例如
connection
联系;关联
connect v. → connection n.
environment
环境
environmental adj. 环境的
pollution
污染
pollute v. → pollution n.
二、词汇变形汇总
1. nature n. 自然 → natural adj. 自然的 → naturally adv. 自然地
1. danger n. 危险 → dangerous adj. 危险的 → dangerously adv.
1. safe adj. 安全的 → safety n. 安全 → save v. 拯救
1. color n. 颜色 → colorful adj. 色彩鲜艳的
1. grow v. 生长 → grew(过去式)→ grown(过去分词)
1. survive v. 生存 → survival n. → survivor n.
1. protect v. 保护 → protection n.
1. connect v. 连接 → connection n.
1. pollute v. 污染 → pollution n. 污染 → polluted adj. 被污染的
1. environment n. 环境 → environmental adj. 环境的
1. large → larger → largest(比较级/最高级)
1. big → bigger → biggest(双写g)
1. happy → happier → happiest(变y为i)
1. beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful(多音节加more/most)
1. good → better → best(不规则)
1. bad → worse → worst(不规则)
1. many/much → more → most(不规则)
1. little → less → least(不规则)
1. far → farther/further → farthest/furthest(不规则)
三、重点短语
1. amazing plants and animals 奇妙的动植物
1. in nature 在自然界中
1. live in... 居住/生活在……
1. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 ……中最……之一
1. in order to 为了(后接动词原形)
1. protect the environment 保护环境
1. provide...for... 为……提供……
1. be home to... ……的栖息地
1. thanks to 归功于;由于;因为
1. in fact 事实上
1. by accident 偶然
1. places of interest 名胜
1. make a difference 有作用;有影响
1. in this situation 在这种情况下
1. take care of = look after 照顾
1. be full of = be filled with 充满
1. die out 灭绝
1. in danger 处于危险中
1. cut down 砍伐;削减
1. the population of... ……的人口
1. on average 平均
1. average rainfall 平均降雨量
1. as...as 和……一样
1. not as/so...as 不如……
1. such as 例如;比如
1. for example 例如
1. depend on 依赖;取决于
1. be connected with 与……有关联
四、重点句型
★ The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.
→ 蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。
★ Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.
→ 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。
★ Tigers are one of the most dangerous animals in the forest.
→ 老虎是森林中最危险的动物之一。
★ Without plants, animals would have no food. We need each other to live.
→ 没有植物,动物就没有食物。我们需要彼此才能生存。
★ They work hard in order to protect the environment.
→ 他们努力工作是为了保护环境。
★ The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
→ 猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。
★ Thanks to the warm weather, it never snows here in winter.
→ 由于温暖的气候,这里冬天从不下雪。
★ Bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
→ 蜜蜂是这种联系的最好例子之一。
五、语法知识
📌 形容词/副词最高级(系统精讲)
【一、最高级规则变化】
◆ 一般情况:加 -est → cold→coldest, tall→tallest
◆ 以不发音e结尾:加 -st → nice→nicest, late→latest
◆ 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅):双写尾字母加 -est → big→biggest, hot→hottest
◆ 辅音字母+y结尾:变y为i加 -est → happy→happiest, easy→easiest
◆ 多音节/部分双音节词:前加 most → most beautiful, most interesting
【二、最高级不规则变化(必背)】
good/well → best
bad/badly → worst
many/much → most
little → least
far → farthest/furthest
【三、最高级核心句型】
◆ ① 主语 + be + the + 最高级 + 名词 + 范围(in/of/among)
She is the tallest in her class.(她是班上最高的)
This is the most exciting movie I've ever seen.(这是我看过最刺激的电影)
◆ ② 主语 + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 范围
He runs (the) fastest in our school.(他是我们学校跑得最快的)
⚠️ 副词最高级前的the可省略
◆ ③ one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 → ……中最……之一
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.(北京是中国最大城市之一)
⚠️ 此结构中名词必须用复数!
◆ ④ 选择疑问句中的最高级
Which is the most beautiful, the rose or the lotus?(玫瑰和莲花哪个最美?)
【四、最高级必记规则】
◆ 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the → the tallest(副词最高级the可省)
◆ 序数词后接最高级:the second tallest(第二高的)
◆ 常用范围词:in(在某范围内)+ 地点/组织;of(在某群体中)+ 人/物;among(在……之中)+ 三者以上
【五、比较级替代最高级的两种方式】
◆ 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 → He is taller than any other student in his class.
◆ 比较级 + than the other + 复数名词 → He is taller than the other students in his class.
以上两句均 = He is the tallest student in his class.
【六、in order to 表目的】
◆ in order to + 动词原形 → They work hard in order to protect the environment.
◆ 可转换为 in order that + 从句 → He studies hard in order that he can pass the exam.
6、 巩固练习
一、单词/短语填空
1. The elephant is the ______ (large) land animal.
2. She is one of the ______ (good) students in our school.
3. He studies ______ (hard) of all the boys in his class.
4. I get up ______ (early) than my sister every day.
5. In order ______ (pass) the exam, he studies very hard.
二、单项选择
1. This is the ______ movie I have ever watched.
A. more exciting B. most exciting C. exciting
2. Which is ______, the sun, the moon or the earth?
A. big B. bigger C. the biggest
3. He runs ______ in our class.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest
4. She is one of the ______ girls I know.
A. pretty B. prettier C. prettiest
5. I like this book ______ than that one, but that one is the ______ of the three.
A. better; best B. best; better C. good; best
6. He got up early ______ catch the first bus.
A. so that B. in order to C. because
7. Spring is the ______ season of the year.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful
8. Tom is ______ than his brother, but his brother is the ______ in the family.
A. taller; tallest B. tall; taller C. tallest; tall
9. She speaks English ______ than I do.
A. more fluent B. most fluently C. more fluently
10. This is the ______ lesson in this book. It's very difficult.
A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult
三、完成句子
1. 她是我们班最好的学生之一。
She is one of ______ ______ ______ in our class.
2. 熊猫是最可爱的动物之一。
The panda is one of ______ ______ ______ animals.
3. 他为了赶上早班车起得很早。
He got up very early ______ ______ ______ the early bus.
4. 这是我听过的最有趣的故事。
This is ______ ______ ______ story I have ever heard.
5. 他跑得比班上任何人都快。
He runs ______ than ______ ______ ______ in his class.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$