Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 短文填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会——科学技术与发明创新”话题，通过分层短文填空训练，系统整合语法词汇知识，提升语言运用能力与文化认知。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|10篇（茶、纸、电话等发明）|单空填单词或词形变化，考查时态、语态、固定搭配|以发明史为线索，串联名词复数、动词时态等语法点，构建“话题-语法-词汇”逻辑链| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|8篇（电子导盲犬、OpenClaw等）|增加语境提示与复杂句式，考查上下文连贯|拓展现代科技主题，强化语法知识迁移，提升思维品质与跨文化理解|

Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——科学技术与发明创新） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．by 2．said 3．boiling 4．leaves 5．so 6．discusses 7．centuries 8．national 9．popularity 10．who Passage 2 1．first 2．was invented 3．by 4．a 5．to learn 6．development 7．quickly 8．larger 9．although/though 10．magazines Passage 3 1．persons 2．first 3．for 4．to communicate 5．by 6．worried 7．that 8．easily 9．was given 10．will think Passage 4 1．inventions 2．has changed 3．At 4．a 5．are shopping 6．are warned 7．to get 8．that 9．properly 10．will bring Passage 5 1．them 2．helpful 3．of 4．use 5．Luckily 6．and 7．were 8．a 9．time 10．to make Passage 6 1．But 2．better 3．surprising 4．is licked 5．natural 6．why 7．an 8．have become 9．from 10．to sell Passage 7 1.turning 2.used 3.faster 4.it 5.could/can/may/might 6.What 7.whether 8.who/that 9.to send 10.be built Passage 8 1．has 2．inventor 3．from 4．played 5．stars 6．But 7．and 8．team’s 9．good 10．playing Passage 9 1．exactly 2．to perform 3．and 4．Checking 5．pioneers 6．impossible 7．has put 8．with 9．people’s 10．a Passage 10 1．thousands 2．the 3．But 4．hunting 5．on 6．suddenly 7．disappointed 8．fatter 9．succeeded 10．are taught 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．has become 2．faces 3．to guide 4．is made 5．them 6．However 7．called 8．a 9．safely 10．improving Passage 2 1．lots 2．helpful 3．of 4．solved 5．hurting 6．a 7．received 8．fingers 9．how 10．more safely Passage 3 1．engineer’s 2．an 3．known 4．unusual 5．correctly 6．to 7．What 8．to break 9．cutting 10．interest Passage 4 1．subjects 2．from 3．the 4．because 5．their 6．third 7．highest/the highest 8．What 9．were given 10．nodded Passage 5 1．has developed 2．called 3．itself 4．organize 5．So 6．simpler 7．be used 8．as 9．to work 10．will take Passage 6 1．are 2．said 3．competition 4．rises 5．winner 6．building 7．sister’s 8．easily 9．from 10．how Passage 7 1．inventions 2．who 3．widely 4．was 5．first 6．developed 7．communication 8．wait 9．changed 10．to stay 11．with Passage 8 【答案】1．an 2．leaves 3．Sharing 4．with 5．attended 6．first 7．to know 8．known 9．is used ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——科学技术与发明创新） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Accidental invention Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented 1 accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is 2 (say) that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was 3 (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some 4 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell 5 he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the sage of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also 6 (discuss) where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th 7 (century). In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the 8 (nation) drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the 9 (popular) of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones 10 best understand the nature of tea. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Paper was 1 (one) created about 2,000 years ago in China. It 2 (invent) in China during the Han Dynasty. After its invention, people started to write on paper to make a book. In those days, books were only produced one at a time 3 hand. As 4 result, there were not many books, and they were expensive. So, few people had the chance 5 (learn) to read. Luckily, the 6 (develop) in printing made it possible to produce books more 7 (quick) and cheaply. Nowadays, the Internet becomes more powerful than printing. A much 8 (large) amount (数量) of information can be stored on the Internet than in books. It seems that fewer people read paper books nowadays. In my opinion, 9 computers and the Internet are used more and more in classrooms now, the newspapers, 10 (magazine) and paper books are still necessary because they can let me experience the feelings of reading better. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Do you know Alexander Graham Bell? He is known as one of the greatest 1 (person) in the world because he invented the telephone. However, he wasn’t the 2 (one) person to think of the idea. A man named Antonio Meucci was officially recognized (官方认定) as the inventor in 00. Who is Meucci and why wasn’t he known 3 his invention at the time? Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. People used 4 (communicate) by letters at that time. Meucci discovered that sound could travel through metal (金属) when two places were connected 5 wire (导线). People in those places could hear each other. In 1850, Meucci and his wife moved to New York. Meucci was 6 (worry) about his wife because she had become very ill. He was so busy 7 he had no time to stay with her all the time. To solve this problem, he connected metal cables (电缆) between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk 8 (easy). Unluckily, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention. At the same time, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same thing. In 1876, the patent for the telephone 9 (give) to Bell. This is why when we talk about the telephone, most people 10 (think) of Bell but not Meucci. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the smartphone is one of the most amazing 1 (invent) of the modern world. It 2 (change) people’s lives greatly since it first appeared. Many years ago, people could only use mobile phones to make calls. But scientists never stopped researching. In 2007, the first real smartphone came out. 3 that time, most people didn’t believe such 4 small device (设备) could do so many things. Today, smartphones are everywhere. Look around us! Some people are looking up information on the smartphones, some 5 (shop), and some are listening to music or watching movies with the smartphones. However, students 6 (warn) not to spend too much time on them. Smartphones are not just tools for communication. Last month, my friend got lost while he was camping in a jungle. Finally, he managed 7 (get) in touch with his family with the GPS function (功能) on his smartphone. Smartphones are so useful 8 they have become part of our lives. Some people even can’t stop checking their smartphones from time to time. Of course, we should use them 9 (proper). For example, we mustn’t use them while crossing the street—it’s dangerous. Smartphones are developing rapidly. Every year, new models with better functions appear. We all expect what the smartphones 10 (bring) to us in the future! Passage 5 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，填入适当的词或所给词的适当形式，每空不多于两个单词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 With the development of science and technology, teachers have lots of methods to take their lessons now. One of 1 is PPT. It’s very 2 (help) for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 3 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable when they 4 PPT. 5 (luck), a kind of new gloves has solved the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm 6 don’t have to worry about hurting their hands while using touchscreens. The special gloves 7 invented by Tang Renjia, a junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She received 8 patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention. Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s fingers were injured after using a touchscreen for a long period of 9 . Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned how to use high-technology materials 10 (make) gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands warmer and keep their skin safer when they are using touchscreen devices. Passage 6 The Magic Lick (舔) For most people, ice-cream is all about tastes. 1 for Spanish physicist (物理学家) Manuel Linares, it’s the color that counts. Manuel found a new way to make ice-cream even 2 (good). He invented a magic ice-cream that changes colors when you lick it! This 3 (surprise) ice-cream now only has one flavor. It starts out to be blue, then changes to pink and in the end becomes purple as it 4 (lick). “My ingredients are all 5 (nature)”, said Manuel. “Do you know 6 my ice-cream can change colors? Because mouth acid (酸性物质) and temperature have something to do with color change.” The inventor teaches high school physics and math. He is also 7 ice-cream lover. His products 8 (become) very popular so far, so he has got lots of calls and e-mails 9 many ice-cream companies in Singapore, Germany, America and Russia. They all plan 10 (sell) his color-changing ice-cream. The future is looking bright for both Manuel and his ice-cream. Passage 7 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Have you ever wanted to make a special toy or a useful tool by yourself? With 3D printing, you can! Imagine designing a beautiful plate or your favorite cartoon character. You can make objects by 1 (turn) digital models (数字模型) into real things. In the past, people 2 (use) to make many objects by hand. Now, a 3D printer can do the job wisely. Also, 3D printing is 3 (fast) than traditional methods. All 3D printing starts with computer design. The program puts the maker’s design into a language the 3D printer understands. The printer heats the thin plastic and puts 4 down through a small hole. When the plastic cools, it becomes hard, creating your object. It could be something fun, like a fidget spinner (指尖陀螺) in your favorite color. Or it 5 be something helpful like a pencil holder. 6 an amazing machine it is! Many teachers think such printers should be used in more schools. They wonder 7 every student will like it or not. However, they believe it will be popular with students 8 are creative and interested in making things. To make models successfully, students should learn 9 (send) instructions to the 3D printer. 3D printing continues to grow. Even houses can 10 (build) with large 3D printers now. It is really exciting to have something you designed yourself! What would you like to print? Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词) Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world. It 1 (have) a history of over a century. The 2 (invent) of basketball, James Naismith, came 3 Canada. He invented basketball for his students in 1891. At first, basketball was an indoor game so that it could be 4 (play) in winter. Basketball soon became very popular. In 1946, the National Basketball Association (NBA) came into being. There were many great basketball 5 (star) in the NBA．For many years they were all Americans. 6 now many good players come from other countries. Basketball is both an indoor outdoor game. It is a team sport with two teams of five players each. The goal is to throw the ball through the other 8 (team) basket, and to stop the other team from doing so. You can throw it from any part of the court with one hand or both hands. You can also pass the ball to your teammates. But you must follow the rules. For example, you can’t hold the ball and run with it. To win basketball games, you should have 9 (well) skills. But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team. You are sure to enjoy 10 (play) this popular sport. Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Winding through the remains of a centuries-old watchtower, a four-legged robot checked the “health” of the ancient structure at Shanhaiguan Pass. With smart sensors (传感器) and cameras, the robot can 1 (exact) find problems such as cracks and missing bricks and report them to related departments in real-time. “The robot can take the place of humans 2 (perform) dangerous and difficult examinations, improving both the speed 3 quality of the Great Wall protection,” says Liu Liang, head of a research team from the Hebei Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration. Carefully 4 (check) the walls is the first step in the Great Wall protection. Zhang Peng, 3, is among the 5 (pioneer) who started using drones (无人机) in 2017 as part of regular checks over the walls. “Drones can help monitor (监测) walls that are 6 (possible) for humans to reach,” Zhang says. In recent years, China 7 (put) in a lot of effort to protect the Great Wall through the use of cutting-edge technologies. These technologies make the Great Wall stronger. At the same time, they work as a bridge connecting people 8 the Wall and raising public awareness of its protection. “We hope such application can inspire young 9 (people) love for the Great Wall and develop 10 stronger sense of responsibility for its future protection,” says Zhang. Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The brush pen is one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. It was invented 1 (thousand) of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of 2 Kingdom (王国) of Qin, improved the pen into the brush pen. When Meng was leading the army to fight against the enemies, he had to report the situation to his king in time. 3 his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble. One day after 4 (hunt), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse’s back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) 5 the ground when they moved on. When he saw it, a good idea 6 (sudden) came to his mind, “If I tie hair to a stick, will it be easy to write with?” But he then found the hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so 7 (disappoint) that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” look much 8 (fat). The brush pen worked beautifully on cloth. It turned out that the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng 9 (succeed) at last. Today, students 00 (teach) to use the brush pen in school. It makes their lives more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 A university in Shenyang, China has created a wonderful new robot. It is named the electronic guide dog. This robot can help people who cannot see well to live a better life. And it 1 (become) popular since last year. Zhang Jiayi, a teacher at the university, shared that this guide dog can recognize (识别) 2 (face) and understand voice commands (指令). And it can even talk back! The robot uses maps 3 (guide) people indoors and outdoors. It 4 (make) to be a friend and helper. In China, there are around 20 million people with vision (视力) problems, and it is hard for 5 (they) to get around. 6 , there are only 400 guide dogs available. It means that many people do not have the support they need. Therefore, this new kind of guide dog is like a shot in the arm (一剂强心针), offering new hope. Several people with vision problems tested this guide dog. A person 7 (call) Xu Yanfen said, “This robot is like 8 true friend. It helps me understand my surroundings (环境) and guides me 9 (safe), making me feel braver when I travel alone.” Jiang Yueqiu, from the university, said they wanted to keep 10 (improve) this guide dog. They hope this robot will help more people in the future, lighting the way for those people who need it most. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 With the development of science and technology, teachers have 1 (lot) of methods to take their lessons now. One of them is PPT. It’s very 2 /ʹhelpfʊl/ for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 3 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable when they use PPT. Luckily, a kind of new gloves has 4 (solve) the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm and don’t have to worry about 5 (hurt) their hands while using touchscreens. The special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia, 6 junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She 7 (receive) a patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention (发明). Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s 8 (finger) were injured after using a touchscreen for long periods of time. Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned 9 to use high-technology materials to make gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands warmer and protect their skin 10 (safe) when they are using touchscreen devices. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may think that complete wheels are necessary when it comes to bicycles, but one creative 1 (engineer) recent invention shows that two half wheels are just as good as one full wheel. Sergii Gordieiev is 2 engineer and Internet star. He is 3 (know) for his wonderful inventions. Of these, his latest creation is undoubtedly the most eye-catching. His 4 (usual) bike has two half rear wheels (后车轮) instead of a complete one, and they work together to do the job of a normal one. As strange as it sounds, this crazy bike shows that two half wheels, when used 5 (correct), are just as good as one full wheel. The key 6 this invention is the timing of the split (分裂的) wheels. As one of two half rear wheels is in the air, the other half wheel lands on the ground to keep everything balanced. 7 a clever idea! Gordieiev says that even if the wheel is perfect, as he tries to show 0.5+0.5=1, there’s really no good reason 8 (break) a perfectly good bicycle. From making the rear frame(后车架) of the bicycle longer to 9 (cut) a wheel in half and making sure they work together to carry out the function of a full wheel, you can’t imagine how much work he has put into the bike. The engineer adds that he hopes to excite people’s 10 (interesting) in DIY through his example and encourage them to be creative. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last week, Henry’s science teacher asked the class to do a task—make a water rocket. This task was not easy. It needed knowledge from different 1 (subject), like science, maths and art. However, Henry’s team couldn’t wait to have a try. First, they learned how to make a good water rocket 2 the teacher. Then they used a plastic bottle to build a rocket. They painted blue lines and stars on 3 bottle. And they added three cardboard wings of proper size 4 the wings could help the water rocket fly straight. Next, they filled the bottle with some water and covered it. They tried to push air inside the bottle to make 5 (they) water rocket fly. For the first time, the rocket didn’t fly high. They tried again, but it still didn’t go high enough. For the 6 (three) time, they pushed more air in, and the rocket shot high into the sky. When the show time came, their water rocket flew 7 (high) among all the rockets. Everyone cheered, “ 8 a great water rocket it is!” After the show, Henry’s team wrote a nice report. They 9 (give) a prize—a rocket model. “We really enjoy learning by doing,” they said. The teacher 10 (nod), “You learn better when you try things yourself.” Passage 5 In recent years, artificial intelligence 1 (develop) very quickly. A new tool 2 (call) OpenClaw has recently attracted a lot of attention online. OpenClaw is designed as an AI agent that can perform tasks on a computer automatically. By doing things step by step, the program can understand instructions and complete many tasks by 3 (it). For example, if a user asks OpenClaw to collect information about a topic, it may search the Internet, read webpages and 4 (/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/) the results into a short report. In this way, it can help people finish some work quickly and save time. However, experts point out that tools like OpenClaw are still developing. They may make mistakes and are not safe. 5 human guidance is still very important. Some technology lovers have already begun to experiment with OpenClaw. They hope that AI tools will make daily work 6 (simple) than now. At the same time, many people believe that AI should 7 (use) carefully. Instead of replacing human thinking, it should be treated 8 a helpful assistant. As technology continues to develop, people will probably see more tools like OpenClaw in the coming years. Learning how 9 (work) with such tools may become an important skill for students and workers. In the end, the key question is not whether AI 10 (take) humans’ place in the future, but how humans can work better together with AI. Passage 6 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. It used to be a water-proof (防水的) tool for daily use. There 1 (be) different stories about the umbrella in China. The most popular one is related to Lu Ban. It is 2 (say) that once he and his younger sister visited the West Lake, it started raining suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a 3 (compete). Before the sun 4 (rise) tomorrow, whoever comes up with a way to help people visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the 5 (win).” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and spent the whole night 6 (build) ten pavilions (凉亭) around that lake. He was proud of them. The next morning, however, Lu Ban was surprised to see something unusual in his 7 (sister) hand. It was a round shape while it was opened. It was made of silk and bamboo strips and could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your ‘pavilion’ can protect us 9 rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later people used a much cheaper paper to take the place of silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface. That was 10 the oil-paper umbrella was invented. Passage 7 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空不超过两个词。 The telephone is one of the most important 1 (invention) in human history. Have you ever wondered 2 invented it? Alexander Graham Bell is 3 (wide) credited (归功于) with the invention of the telephone, but little information is available about the exact date when it 4 (be) invented. The 5 (one) successful telephone call was made by Alexander Graham Bell in 187. Since then, telephones have been 6 (develop) and improved significantly. Nowadays, we use smartphones which are much more advanced than the original telephones. Bell’s invention changed the ways of 7 (communicate). People no longer had to rely on writing letters and 8 (wait) for days or weeks to receive a response. Thanks to the telephone, we can communicate immediately, connecting with friends and family no matter where they are in the world. The telephone has 9 (change) our lives in many ways. It has made business more convenient, allowed us 10 (stay) in touch with loved ones easily, and provided us 11 a means to access information at our fingertips. Passage 8 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确的形式。（提示：每空不超过三个单词） Cai Lun invented paper around 2000 years ago in China. It is 1 important invention. Before the invention of paper, people had to remember lots of information or write it on stones, wood, 2 （leaf）and so on. Today everyone in the world uses paper. With paper, we can make books and print newspapers. 3 （share）information is a lot easier 4 the help of paper. People use paper every day. Students do homework and keep a diary on paper. Paper is a great invention. Alan Turing was in London, England, in 1912. He 5 （attend）Cambridge University from 1931 to 1934. Turing was a mathematician and a computer scientist. Many people called Turing the father of computer science. He created the 6 （one）design for a modern computer. Turing wanted 7 （know）if a machine could think for itself and trick someone into believing they were having a conversation with another person. This became 8 （know）as the Turing test. In the test, a human talked to two other persons through a computer. One was a machine, and the other was a person. Still this idea 9 （use）today. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——科学技术与发明创新） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Accidental invention Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented 1 accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is 2 (say) that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was 3 (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some 4 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell 5 he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the sage of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also 6 (discuss) where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th 7 (century). In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the 8 (nation) drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the 9 (popular) of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones 10 best understand the nature of tea. 【答案】 1．by 2．said 3．boiling 4．leaves 5．so 6．discusses 7．centuries 8．national 9．popularity 10．who 【导语】本文主要讲述了茶的偶然发明过程以及茶文化在世界各地的传播与发展。 【详解】1．句意：你知道世界上最受欢迎的饮料（仅次于水）——茶，是偶然被发明的吗？固定搭配：by accident，表示“偶然地，意外地”。介词“by”常用来表示 “凭借某种方式、偶然”。 2．句意：据说一位名叫神农的中国统治者是第一个发现茶可以作为饮品的人。固定句型：It is said that...，表示“据说……”，“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，此处是被动语态，“say”变为过去分词“said”。 3．句意：一天，神农正在篝火上煮饮用水。根据“One day”和语境，此处表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，空前已有“was”，故填“boiling”。 4．句意：一些茶树的叶子掉进了水里，并在那里停留了一段时间。“leaf”是可数名词，前面有“some”修饰，应用其复数形式，故填“leaves”。 5．句意：它产生了一股好闻的气味，所以他尝了尝这棕色的水。前后两个分句之间是因果关系，前因后果，应用并列连词“so”连接，表示“所以”。 6．句意：它还讨论了最好的茶叶产自哪里以及使用什么样的水。此处描述的是书本客观存在的内容，应用一般现在时。主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填“discusses”。 7．句意：人们认为茶是在6世纪和7世纪传入韩国和日本的。“century”是可数名词，根据前面的“the 6th and 7th”可知，此处指两个世纪，应用其复数形式，以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变复数需把y变i再加-es，故填“centuries”。 8．句意：在英国，茶直到1660年左右才出现，但在不到100年的时间里，它就成了国民饮料。空格处修饰名词“drink”，应用形容词形式作定语，“nation”的形容词是“national”，表示“国家的，国民的”，故填“national”。 9．句意：这有助于将茶的普及和茶树传播到世界各地更多的地方。空格处位于定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间，应用名词形式，“popular”的名词是“popularity”，表示“普及，流行”，故填“popularity”。 10．句意：尽管现在许多人都了解茶文化，但毫无疑问，中国人是最了解茶的本质的人。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是“the ones”，指代人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填“who”。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Paper was 1 (one) created about 2,000 years ago in China. It 2 (invent) in China during the Han Dynasty. After its invention, people started to write on paper to make a book. In those days, books were only produced one at a time 3 hand. As 4 result, there were not many books, and they were expensive. So, few people had the chance 5 (learn) to read. Luckily, the 6 (develop) in printing made it possible to produce books more 7 (quick) and cheaply. Nowadays, the Internet becomes more powerful than printing. A much 8 (large) amount (数量) of information can be stored on the Internet than in books. It seems that fewer people read paper books nowadays. In my opinion, 9 computers and the Internet are used more and more in classrooms now, the newspapers, 10 (magazine) and paper books are still necessary because they can let me experience the feelings of reading better. 【答案】 1．first 2．was invented 3．by 4．a 5．to learn 6．development 7．quickly 8．larger 9．although/though 10．magazines 【导语】本文围绕纸张与书籍的发展历程展开，介绍了造纸术、印刷术的发展影响，对比了互联网与传统纸质载体，表达了传统报刊书籍仍有不可替代价值的观点。 【详解】1．句意：纸张最早于约2000年前在中国被创制。此处修饰被动语态was created需要用副词，one的副词形式first表示 “首次、最早”。 2．句意：它在汉朝时期于中国被发明。主语It指代纸，和invent是被动关系，during the Han Dynasty为过去时间，要用一般过去时的被动语态was invented。 3．句意：在那个年代，书籍只能靠手工一次生产一本。固定搭配by hand表示“用手工、徒手”，是固定介词短语搭配。 4．句意：结果，书籍数量不多且价格昂贵。固定短语as a result表示“结果、因此”，需要填入不定冠词a。 5．句意：所以很少有人有机会学习阅读。固定结构have the chance to do sth.表示“有机会做某事”，不定式作后置定语，填to learn。 6．句意：幸运的是，印刷术的发展让更快、更廉价地生产书籍成为可能。定冠词the后面需要接名词，develop的名词形式是development，表示“发展”。 7．句意：幸运的是，印刷术的发展让更快、更廉价地生产书籍成为可能。并列词and后是副词cheaply，此处要修饰动词produce，需要把形容词quick变为副词quickly。 8．句意：互联网能储存的信息量比书籍大得多。副词much用来修饰形容词比较级，large的比较级是larger，体现前后两者的量级对比。 9．句意：在我看来，尽管现如今电脑与互联网在课堂里的应用愈发普遍，报纸、杂志还有纸质书籍依旧不可或缺，它们能让我更好地体会阅读带来的感受。前后分句存在让步逻辑，用although/though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然、尽管”。 10．句意：在我看来，尽管现如今电脑与互联网在课堂里的应用愈发普遍，报纸、杂志还有纸质书籍依旧不可或缺，它们能让我更好地体会阅读带来的感受。and前后的newspapers、paper books都是复数形式，magazine也要变为复数magazines保持并列一致。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Do you know Alexander Graham Bell? He is known as one of the greatest 1 (person) in the world because he invented the telephone. However, he wasn’t the 2 (one) person to think of the idea. A man named Antonio Meucci was officially recognized (官方认定) as the inventor in 00. Who is Meucci and why wasn’t he known 3 his invention at the time? Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. People used 4 (communicate) by letters at that time. Meucci discovered that sound could travel through metal (金属) when two places were connected 5 wire (导线). People in those places could hear each other. In 1850, Meucci and his wife moved to New York. Meucci was 6 (worry) about his wife because she had become very ill. He was so busy 7 he had no time to stay with her all the time. To solve this problem, he connected metal cables (电缆) between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk 8 (easy). Unluckily, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention. At the same time, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same thing. In 1876, the patent for the telephone 9 (give) to Bell. This is why when we talk about the telephone, most people 10 (think) of Bell but not Meucci. 【答案】 1．persons 2．first 3．for 4．to communicate 5．by 6．worried 7．that 8．easily 9．was given 10．will think 【导语】本文介绍电话相关历史，讲述梅乌奇早于贝尔发明通话装置，却因未申请专利而鲜为人知的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他被公认为世界上最伟大的人物之一，因为他发明了电话。固定搭配“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，person的复数形式为persons，侧重指独立的杰出人物个体。 2．句意：然而，他并不是第一个想出这个点子的人。定冠词“the”后加序数词，one对应的序数词为first，the first person“第一个人”。 3．句意：梅乌奇是谁，为什么当时没人因他的发明而知晓他？固定搭配“be known for”意为“因……而出名”，应用介词for。 4．句意：那时候人们依靠书信交流。固定搭配“used to do sth.”意为“过去常常做某事”，to后接动词原形communicate。 5．句意：当两个地方用导线连接起来时，梅乌奇发现声音可以通过金属传播。空格后为“wire”，此处是指通过导线连接两个地方，应用“主语 + be connected by + 工具名词 (零冠词)”结构，其中“by + 工具/媒介 (不加冠词)”用来表示“依靠某种媒介连通两地”，应用介词by。 6．句意：梅乌奇很担心他的妻子，因为她病得很重。固定搭配“be worried about”意为“为……担忧”，固定搭配，应用形容词worried作表语。 7．句意：他如此忙碌，以至于没有时间一直陪着她。固定句型“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 8．句意：这样，他们就能轻松交谈。副词修饰动词“talk”，easy的副词形式为easily。 9．句意：1876年，电话专利被授予贝尔。主语“the patent”是单数，与动词give为被动关系，时间“In 1876”为过去时间，需使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was + 过去分词”；give过去分词为given。 10．句意：这就是为什么当我们谈起电话时，大多数人总会想到贝尔，而不是梅乌奇。when引导的时间状语从句（一般现在时表常态），主句用“will + 动词原形”，对应“只要提起电话，人们下意识就会想到贝尔”这种固定思维倾向，此处will不表单纯将来，用来描述习惯性倾向、固有常态，翻译为“总会、往往会”，用来体现大众根深蒂固的固有印象，贴合文章客观科普语境。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the smartphone is one of the most amazing 1 (invent) of the modern world. It 2 (change) people’s lives greatly since it first appeared. Many years ago, people could only use mobile phones to make calls. But scientists never stopped researching. In 2007, the first real smartphone came out. 3 that time, most people didn’t believe such 4 small device (设备) could do so many things. Today, smartphones are everywhere. Look around us! Some people are looking up information on the smartphones, some 5 (shop), and some are listening to music or watching movies with the smartphones. However, students 6 (warn) not to spend too much time on them. Smartphones are not just tools for communication. Last month, my friend got lost while he was camping in a jungle. Finally, he managed 7 (get) in touch with his family with the GPS function (功能) on his smartphone. Smartphones are so useful 8 they have become part of our lives. Some people even can’t stop checking their smartphones from time to time. Of course, we should use them 9 (proper). For example, we mustn’t use them while crossing the street—it’s dangerous. Smartphones are developing rapidly. Every year, new models with better functions appear. We all expect what the smartphones 10 (bring) to us in the future! 【答案】 1．inventions 2．has changed 3．At 4．a 5．are shopping 6．are warned 7．to get 8．that 9．properly 10．will bring 【导语】本文介绍了智能手机的发展历程、多元用途、使用规范以及未来发展趋势。 【详解】1．句意：众所周知，智能手机是现代世界最惊人的发明之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表“最……的……之一”；invent对应的事物名词是 invention，此处需变为复数形式inventions。 2．句意：自从智能手机首次问世，它就极大地改变了人们的生活。since引导时间状语从句时，主句需用现在完成时；主语It是第三人称单数，因此填has changed。 3．句意：在那个时候，大多数人都不相信这么小的设备能实现这么多功能。at that time是固定时间短语，意为“在那时”，空格位于句首，首字母需大写，填At。 4．句意：在那个时候，大多数人都不相信这么小的设备能实现这么多功能。such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数是固定结构，small以辅音音素开头，选用不定冠词a。 5．句意：有的人在用手机查阅信息，有的人在购物，还有人用手机听音乐、看电影。此处和前后are looking up、are listening构成并列的现在进行时结构，填are shopping。 6．句意：但学生们被提醒不要在手机上耗费过多时间。students和warn是被动关系，要用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数名词，填are warned。 7．句意：最终，他借助智能手机的GPS功能成功和家人取得了联系。manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法完成某事”，填to get。 8．句意：智能手机实用性极强，已经成了我们生活的一部分。so…that…是固定结果状语句型，意为 “如此…… 以至于……”，填that。 9．句意：当然，我们应该合理地使用它们。 空格修饰动词use，需要使用副词形式，proper对应的副词为properly。 10．句意：我们都期待智能手机未来会给我们带来哪些新变化！in the future 表将来时间，句子要用一般将来时，填will bring。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，填入适当的词或所给词的适当形式，每空不多于两个单词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 With the development of science and technology, teachers have lots of methods to take their lessons now. One of 1 is PPT. It’s very 2 (help) for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 3 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable when they 4 PPT. 5 (luck), a kind of new gloves has solved the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm 6 don’t have to worry about hurting their hands while using touchscreens. The special gloves 7 invented by Tang Renjia, a junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She received 8 patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention. Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s fingers were injured after using a touchscreen for a long period of 9 . Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned how to use high-technology materials 10 (make) gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands warmer and keep their skin safer when they are using touchscreen devices. 【答案】 1．them 2．helpful 3．of 4．use 5．Luckily 6．and 7．were 8．a 9．time 10．to make 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了苏州科技城外国语学校初三学生唐仁佳发明多功能手套，解决教师因长期使用PPT触屏导致手部受伤的问题，并获得了国家专利证书。 【详解】1．句意：其中之一是PPT。“one of”后接可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，此处指“方法”之一，应用代词them指代methods。 2．句意：这对他们的教学非常有帮助。作be动词的表语，应用形容词，help的形容词为helpful，意为“有帮助的”。 3．句意：但他们的手经常因为使用PPT的方式不当而受伤。“because of”为固定短语，意为“因为”，后接名词或动名词短语。 4．句意：这让他们在使用PPT时感到不舒服。此处描述经常性动作，应用一般现在时，主语“they”为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填use。 5．句意：幸运的是，一种新型手套解决了这个问题。作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词，luck的副词为luckily，意为“幸运地”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Luckily。 6．句意：戴上这些特殊手套，老师们既能保暖，又不必担心使用触摸屏时伤到手。前后为并列关系，连接两个并列谓语，应用and。 7．句意：这种特殊手套是由苏州科技城外国语学校初三学生唐仁佳发明的。主语“gloves”与invent之间为被动关系，描述过去事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数主语助动词用were。 8．句意：她因这项发明获得了国家知识产权局颁发的专利证书。此处泛指“一份专利证书”，且“patent”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 9．句意：两年前，唐注意到她的老师在使用触摸屏长时间后手指受伤了。“a long period of time”为固定搭配，意为“很长一段时间”，time在此处表示“时间”，为不可数名词。 10．句意：她学会了如何使用高科技材料为老师制作手套。此处表示“制作手套”的目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 Passage 6 The Magic Lick (舔) For most people, ice-cream is all about tastes. 1 for Spanish physicist (物理学家) Manuel Linares, it’s the color that counts. Manuel found a new way to make ice-cream even 2 (good). He invented a magic ice-cream that changes colors when you lick it! This 3 (surprise) ice-cream now only has one flavor. It starts out to be blue, then changes to pink and in the end becomes purple as it 4 (lick). “My ingredients are all 5 (nature)”, said Manuel. “Do you know 6 my ice-cream can change colors? Because mouth acid (酸性物质) and temperature have something to do with color change.” The inventor teaches high school physics and math. He is also 7 ice-cream lover. His products 8 (become) very popular so far, so he has got lots of calls and e-mails 9 many ice-cream companies in Singapore, Germany, America and Russia. They all plan 10 (sell) his color-changing ice-cream. The future is looking bright for both Manuel and his ice-cream. 【答案】 1．But 2．better 3．surprising 4．is licked 5．natural 6．why 7．an 8．have become 9．from 10．to sell 【导语】本文介绍西班牙物理学家Manuel Linares发明的变色冰淇淋，介绍了它的变色效果、天然原料变色原理、发明者身份以及产品广受各国企业青睐的美好前景。 【详解】1．句意：但对西班牙物理学家Manuel Linares来说，它的颜色才是关键。前后两句存在转折关系，应用连词but“但是”，句首单词首字母大写。 2．句意：Manuel找到了一种能让冰淇淋变得更棒的新方法。此处暗含比较之意，且even常修饰比较级，good的比较级为better。 3．句意：这款令人惊喜的冰淇淋目前只有一种口味。修饰名词ice-cream需用形容词，surprising形容事物，表示“令人惊奇的”。 4．句意：它一开始是蓝色，随后变成粉色，最后在被舔舐时变成紫色。主语it指代冰淇淋，与lick为被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为：am/is/are+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is，lick的过去分词是licked。 5．句意：我的原料全都是天然的。系动词are后接形容词作表语，nature的形容词形式natural表示“天然的”。 6．句意：你知道我的冰淇淋为什么可以变色吗？后文用Because回答变色原因，宾语从句用why引导询问缘由。 7．句意：他也是一名冰淇淋爱好者。此处泛指“一名冰淇淋爱好者”，ice-cream以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 8．句意：到目前为止，他的产品已经变得十分受欢迎。so far是现在完成时标志，主语products为复数，助动词用have，become的过去分词还是become。 9．句意：因此他收到了来自新加坡、德国、美国、俄罗斯众多冰淇淋公司的电话与邮件。此处表示“来自多个冰淇淋公司的电话和邮件”，介词from表示“来自”，符合语境。 10．句意：这些公司都计划售卖他这款变色冰淇淋。固定搭配plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，故填to sell。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Have you ever wanted to make a special toy or a useful tool by yourself? With 3D printing, you can! Imagine designing a beautiful plate or your favorite cartoon character. You can make objects by 1 (turn) digital models (数字模型) into real things. In the past, people 2 (use) to make many objects by hand. Now, a 3D printer can do the job wisely. Also, 3D printing is 3 (fast) than traditional methods. All 3D printing starts with computer design. The program puts the maker’s design into a language the 3D printer understands. The printer heats the thin plastic and puts 4 down through a small hole. When the plastic cools, it becomes hard, creating your object. It could be something fun, like a fidget spinner (指尖陀螺) in your favorite color. Or it 5 be something helpful like a pencil holder. 6 an amazing machine it is! Many teachers think such printers should be used in more schools. They wonder 7 every student will like it or not. However, they believe it will be popular with students 8 are creative and interested in making things. To make models successfully, students should learn 9 (send) instructions to the 3D printer. 3D printing continues to grow. Even houses can 10 (build) with large 3D printers now. It is really exciting to have something you designed yourself! What would you like to print? 【答案】 1.turning 2.used 3.faster 4.it 5.could/can/may/might 6.What 7.whether 8.who/that 9.to send 10.be built 【导语】本文主要介绍了3D打印技术的工作原理、应用以及在学校中的推广前景，指出3D打印能将数字模型变成实物，比传统方法更快，甚至可以用来建房子。 【详解】1．句意：你可以通过将数字模型转化为实物来制作物体。分析句子结构可知，本空位于介词“by”之后，需用动名词作宾语。所给动词“turn”需加-ing变为“turning”。 2．句意：在过去，人们习惯用手工制作许多物品。根据“In the past”可知，本空与“to”构成固定搭配“used to do”，表示“过去常常做某事”，且描述过去的情况，填“used”。 3．句意：而且，3D打印比传统方法更快。分析句子结构可知，本空位于“than”之前，需用比较级形式。所给形容词“fast”的比较级为“faster”。 4．句意：打印机加热薄塑料并通过一个小孔将其放下。分析句子结构可知，本空作动词“puts”的宾语，指代前文的“the thin plastic”，为单数，故填宾格代词“it”。 5．句意：或者它可能是一些有用的东西，比如笔筒。根据前文“It could be something fun”可知，此处表示并列的推测，应用情态动词could、can、may或might。故填could/can/may/might。 6．句意：它是一台多么神奇的机器啊！根据“an amazing machine it is!”，可知中心词是单数可数名词machine，符合“What + a/an + adj. + n. + 主语 + 谓语!”结构，故本空用“what”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 7．句意：他们想知道是否每个学生都会喜欢它。分析句子结构可知，本空与后面的“or not”构成固定搭配“whether...or not”，表示“是否”。故填whether。 8．句意：然而，他们相信它会受到有创造力且对制作东西感兴趣的学生的欢迎。根据语境，此处引导定语从句，先行词是“students”，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。 9．句意：为了成功制作模型，学生们应该学习向3D打印机发送指令。本空位于“learn”之后，构成固定搭配“learn to do sth.”，应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to send。 10．句意：现在甚至可以用大型3D打印机建造房屋。分析句子结构可知，本空位于情态动词“can”之后，且主语“houses”与动词“build”为被动关系，结构为“can be done”。所给动词“build”的过去分词为“built”，故填be built。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词) Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world. It 1 (have) a history of over a century. The 2 (invent) of basketball, James Naismith, came 3 Canada. He invented basketball for his students in 1891. At first, basketball was an indoor game so that it could be 4 (play) in winter. Basketball soon became very popular. In 1946, the National Basketball Association (NBA) came into being. There were many great basketball 5 (star) in the NBA．For many years they were all Americans. 6 now many good players come from other countries. Basketball is both an indoor outdoor game. It is a team sport with two teams of five players each. The goal is to throw the ball through the other 8 (team) basket, and to stop the other team from doing so. You can throw it from any part of the court with one hand or both hands. You can also pass the ball to your teammates. But you must follow the rules. For example, you can’t hold the ball and run with it. To win basketball games, you should have 9 (well) skills. But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team. You are sure to enjoy 10 (play) this popular sport. 【答案】 1．has 2．inventor 3．from 4．played 5．stars 6．But 7．and 8．team’s 9．good 10．playing 【导语】本文介绍了篮球运动的历史、发明者、NBA的诞生以及篮球的比赛规则和团队合作的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：它有一个多世纪的历史。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式has。 2．句意：篮球的发明者詹姆斯·奈史密斯来自加拿大。根据后半句人名James Naismith可知，此处指人，即“发明者”。invent的名词形式指人为inventor。 3．句意：篮球的发明者詹姆斯·奈史密斯来自加拿大。“come from”是固定搭配，意为“来自”，需用介词“from”。 4．句意：起初，篮球是一项室内运动，以便可以在冬天进行。主语“it”与谓语动词“play”之间为被动关系，且位于情态动词“could be”后，需用过去分词“played”。 5．句意：NBA有许多伟大的篮球明星。“many”后需接可数名词复数形式，“star”的复数形式为“stars”。 6．句意：但现在许多优秀球员来自其他国家。前句说过去都是美国人，后句说现在有外国球员，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词“But”，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：篮球既是一项室内运动，也是一项室外运动。“both...and...”是固定结构，需用连词“and”。 8．句意：目标是将球投进对方球队的篮筐。此处修饰名词basket，需用名词所有格形式，表示“对方的（球队的）”。team的所有格为team’s。 9．句意：你应该有好的技能。此处表示“好的技能”，需用形容词原级“good”作定语修饰“skills”。 10．句意：你一定喜欢玩这项流行的运动。“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，需接动名词“playing”。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Winding through the remains of a centuries-old watchtower, a four-legged robot checked the “health” of the ancient structure at Shanhaiguan Pass. With smart sensors (传感器) and cameras, the robot can 1 (exact) find problems such as cracks and missing bricks and report them to related departments in real-time. “The robot can take the place of humans 2 (perform) dangerous and difficult examinations, improving both the speed 3 quality of the Great Wall protection,” says Liu Liang, head of a research team from the Hebei Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration. Carefully 4 (check) the walls is the first step in the Great Wall protection. Zhang Peng, 3, is among the 5 (pioneer) who started using drones (无人机) in 2017 as part of regular checks over the walls. “Drones can help monitor (监测) walls that are 6 (possible) for humans to reach,” Zhang says. In recent years, China 7 (put) in a lot of effort to protect the Great Wall through the use of cutting-edge technologies. These technologies make the Great Wall stronger. At the same time, they work as a bridge connecting people 8 the Wall and raising public awareness of its protection. “We hope such application can inspire young 9 (people) love for the Great Wall and develop 10 stronger sense of responsibility for its future protection,” says Zhang. 【答案】 1．exactly 2．to perform 3．and 4．Checking 5．pioneers 6．impossible 7．has put 8．with 9．people’s 10．a 【导语】本文介绍科技在长城保护中的应用，包括四足机器人和无人机对长城的监测与检查。 【详解】1．句意：这款机器人搭载智能传感器与摄像头，能够精准发现墙体裂缝、砖块脱落等破损问题，并实时上报给相关部门。空格处修饰动词“find”，需用副词作状语，表示“精确地”，exact的副词形式是exactly。 2．句意：该机器人可以替代人工开展高危、高难度巡检工作，同步提升长城保护工作的效率与质量。“take the place of sb. to do sth.”意为“代替某人去做某事”，后接动词不定式作目的状语，故填to perform。 3．句意：河北省地质矿产勘查研究院课题组负责人刘亮表示：“该机器人可以替代人工开展高危、高难度巡检工作，同步提升长城保护工作的效率与质量。”空格连接“speed”和“quality”，表示两者都提高，需用并列连词and。 4．句意：细致巡查墙体是长城保护工作的首要环节。空格处在句中作主语，表示“检查”这一行为，需用动名词形式；位于句首，需首字母大写，故用Checking。 5．句意：3 岁的张鹏是先行者之一，他们早在 2017 年就启用无人机开展长城常态化巡检。“among the+可数名词复数”是固定搭配，pioneer的复数形式是pioneers。 6．句意：张鹏说：“无人机可以协助巡查人类难以抵达的城墙地段。”空格前“are”后需用形容词作表语；根据句意，表示“不可能的”，possible加否定前缀im-变为impossible。 7．句意：近些年，我国大量运用前沿科技，投入诸多力量开展长城保护工作。时间状语“In recent years”是现在完成时的标志，表示从过去持续到现在的动作；主语“China”是单数，put的现在完成时形式为has put。 8．句意：与此同时，这些先进技术搭建起大众与长城之间的桥梁，提升民众的长城保护意识。空格表示“连接……与……”，需用介词with，“connect...with...”为固定搭配。 9．句意：张鹏说道：“我们希望这类技术应用能够唤起年轻人对长城的热爱，让他们树立更强的长城长效保护责任感。”空格后“love”需用名词所有格作定语，表示“年轻人的”，people的复数所有格形式是people’s。 10．句意：张鹏说道：“我们希望这类技术应用能够唤起年轻人对长城的热爱，让他们树立更强的长城长效保护责任感。”“sense”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种”，且stronger是辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。 Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The brush pen is one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. It was invented 1 (thousand) of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of 2 Kingdom (王国) of Qin, improved the pen into the brush pen. When Meng was leading the army to fight against the enemies, he had to report the situation to his king in time. 3 his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble. One day after 4 (hunt), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse’s back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) 5 the ground when they moved on. When he saw it, a good idea 6 (sudden) came to his mind, “If I tie hair to a stick, will it be easy to write with?” But he then found the hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so 7 (disappoint) that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” look much 8 (fat). The brush pen worked beautifully on cloth. It turned out that the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng 9 (succeed) at last. Today, students 00 (teach) to use the brush pen in school. It makes their lives more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 【答案】 1．thousands 2．the 3．But 4．hunting 5．on 6．suddenly 7．disappointed 8．fatter 9．succeeded 10．are taught 【导语】本文主要讲述了毛笔的起源与发展，介绍了它作为“文房四宝”之一的历史背景，以及秦朝大将蒙恬改进毛笔的传说故事，最后提及毛笔在当代文化教育中的意义。 【详解】1．句意：它是在几千年前被发明的。thousand前面没有具体数字时，需要加s，并与of搭配使用，表示“许多、成千上万的”，故填thousands。 2．句意：据说，秦朝的大将蒙恬将笔改进成了毛笔。“Kingdom of Qin”是专有名词，前面需加定冠词the。 3．句意：但是他的笔太硬，给他带来了很多麻烦。前句“When Meng was leading the army to fight against the enemies, he had to report the situation to his king in time.”说明任务要求，后句“his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble.”说明遇到的困难，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词But连接。 4．句意：一天打猎后，蒙恬带着几只野兔骑马回家。hunt“打猎”，动词；介词after后接动名词形式，hunt的动名词是hunting。 5．句意：又肥又重的一只兔子的尾巴在地上留下了长长的痕迹。句中“a long trail”表示痕迹，兔子尾巴是在行进过程中与地面接触才会留下痕迹，描述物体与平面接触并在其表面留下痕迹，需用介词on。 6．句意：看到这一幕，他突然想到了一个好主意。此处需填副词修饰动词“came”，sudden的副词形式是suddenly。 7．句意：蒙恬非常失望，于是把他的“发明”扔进了院子里的一个石洞里。disappoint“使失望”，动词；so后需接形容词作表语，此处形容人的情绪，所以用ed结尾的形容词disappointed。 8．句意：几个雨天过后，他偶然发现他的“发明”看起来更粗了。much后接形容词比较级，fat的比较级是fatter。 9．句意：蒙恬最终成功了。句子讲述过去的故事，谓语动词需用一般过去时，succeed的过去式是succeeded。 10．句意：如今，学生们在学校里被教导使用毛笔。主语“students”与谓语“teach”是被动关系，被动语态的结构为“be动词+动词的过去分词”，时间状语“Today”表明用一般现在时，所以be动词用are，teach的过去分词为taught，故填are taught。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 A university in Shenyang, China has created a wonderful new robot. It is named the electronic guide dog. This robot can help people who cannot see well to live a better life. And it 1 (become) popular since last year. Zhang Jiayi, a teacher at the university, shared that this guide dog can recognize (识别) 2 (face) and understand voice commands (指令). And it can even talk back! The robot uses maps 3 (guide) people indoors and outdoors. It 4 (make) to be a friend and helper. In China, there are around 20 million people with vision (视力) problems, and it is hard for 5 (they) to get around. 6 , there are only 400 guide dogs available. It means that many people do not have the support they need. Therefore, this new kind of guide dog is like a shot in the arm (一剂强心针), offering new hope. Several people with vision problems tested this guide dog. A person 7 (call) Xu Yanfen said, “This robot is like 8 true friend. It helps me understand my surroundings (环境) and guides me 9 (safe), making me feel braver when I travel alone.” Jiang Yueqiu, from the university, said they wanted to keep 10 (improve) this guide dog. They hope this robot will help more people in the future, lighting the way for those people who need it most. 【答案】 1．has become 2．faces 3．to guide 4．is made 5．them 6．However 7．called 8．a 9．safely 10．improving 【导语】本文介绍了沈阳一所大学研发的电子导盲机器人，介绍了它的各项功能、研发背景，经过视障人士实测效果良好，研发团队也将持续优化产品，助力更多视力障碍人群出行。 【详解】1．句意：而且它从去年开始就变得受欢迎了。时间状语“since last year”是现在完成时标志，主语it为单数，become的过去分词是become，故填has become。 2．句意：这款导盲机器人可以识别人脸、听懂语音指令。face是可数名词，此处泛指多张面孔，用复数形式faces。 3．句意：机器人利用地图来引导人们室内外出行。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填to guide。 4．句意：它被打造为伙伴兼帮手。主语it和make是被动关系，句子为一般现在时被动语态，被动语态的表达为“be动词+动词过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用is，make的过去分词为made。故填is made。 5．句意：在中国有约两千万视力障碍者，出行对他们而言很困难。介词for后用人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。 6．句意：然而，现存可用的导盲犬仅有400只。前后两句形成转折关系，故用however表示转折关系，空处位于句首，句首首字母大写，故填However。 7．句意：一位名叫徐艳芬的体验者说道。空格修饰前面名词person，call与person是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。 8．句意：这个机器人就像一位真挚的朋友。空格后是单数可数名词true friend，true以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a，表示泛指。 9．句意：它帮我摸清周边环境，安全地指引我出行。空格修饰谓语动词guides，给出单词safe是形容词，修饰动词需变换为副词形式，因此填safely。 10．句意：他们想要不断改良这款导盲机器人。keep doing sth.是固定搭配，意为持续做某事，因此填improving。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 With the development of science and technology, teachers have 1 (lot) of methods to take their lessons now. One of them is PPT. It’s very 2 /ʹhelpfʊl/ for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 3 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable when they use PPT. Luckily, a kind of new gloves has 4 (solve) the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm and don’t have to worry about 5 (hurt) their hands while using touchscreens. The special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia, 6 junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She 7 (receive) a patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention (发明). Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s 8 (finger) were injured after using a touchscreen for long periods of time. Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned 9 to use high-technology materials to make gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands warmer and protect their skin 10 (safe) when they are using touchscreen devices. 【答案】 1．lots 2．helpful 3．of 4．solved 5．hurting 6．a 7．received 8．fingers 9．how 10．more safely 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初三学生唐仁佳发明了特制手套，来帮助她的老师，不必担心在使用触屏设备时会伤到手的故事。 【详解】1．句意：随着科学技术的发展，教师现在有很多方法来上课。根据空后“of methods”可知，此处是指有很多方法；考查lots of“大量的，很多的”，固定搭配。故填lots。 2．句意：这对他们的教学很有帮助。结合句意和音标提示可知，此处考查helpful“有帮助的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填helpful。 3．句意：但是在PPT的使用过程中，他们的手却经常因为使用方式不对而受伤。根据“because … the wrong way”可知，此处考查because of“因为”，介词短语。故填of。 4．句意：幸运的是，一种新型手套解决了这个问题。分析句子结构可知，主语“gloves”与动词solve是主动关系，且空前为助动词“has”，因此句子时态是现在完成时，其结构为has done，动词solve的过去分词为solved。故填solved。 5．句意：通过戴上这种特殊的手套，老师们可以保持温暖，不用担心在使用触摸屏时伤到手。根据空前介词“about”可知，此处应用动词hurt的动名词形式作宾语。故填hurting。 6．句意：这种特殊的手套是由苏州科技城外国语学校初三学生唐仁佳发明的。根据“junior 3 student”可知，此处泛指一名初三学生，且“junior”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 7．句意：她因她的发明获得了国家知识产权局颁发的专利证书。根据上文“The special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia,”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式received。故填received。 8．句意：两年前，唐注意到她的老师在长时间使用触摸屏后手指受伤。根据空后“were”可知，此处应用名词finger的复数形式fingers。故填fingers。 9．句意：她学会了如何使用高科技材料为老师制作手套。分析句子结构可知，此处应用how to do sth“如何做某事”作动词“learned”的宾语。故填how。 10．句意：她的多功能手套可以让人们在使用触屏设备时保持手部温暖，并更安全地保护皮肤。根据“keep people’s hands warmer”可知，此处是指更安全地保护皮肤，应用形容词safe的副词形式的比较级more safely“更安全地”，修饰动词“protect”，在句中作状语。故填more safely。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may think that complete wheels are necessary when it comes to bicycles, but one creative 1 (engineer) recent invention shows that two half wheels are just as good as one full wheel. Sergii Gordieiev is 2 engineer and Internet star. He is 3 (know) for his wonderful inventions. Of these, his latest creation is undoubtedly the most eye-catching. His 4 (usual) bike has two half rear wheels (后车轮) instead of a complete one, and they work together to do the job of a normal one. As strange as it sounds, this crazy bike shows that two half wheels, when used 5 (correct), are just as good as one full wheel. The key 6 this invention is the timing of the split (分裂的) wheels. As one of two half rear wheels is in the air, the other half wheel lands on the ground to keep everything balanced. 7 a clever idea! Gordieiev says that even if the wheel is perfect, as he tries to show 0.5+0.5=1, there’s really no good reason 8 (break) a perfectly good bicycle. From making the rear frame(后车架) of the bicycle longer to 9 (cut) a wheel in half and making sure they work together to carry out the function of a full wheel, you can’t imagine how much work he has put into the bike. The engineer adds that he hopes to excite people’s 10 (interesting) in DIY through his example and encourage them to be creative. 【答案】 1．engineer’s 2．an 3．known 4．unusual 5．correctly 6．to 7．What 8．to break 9．cutting 10．interest 【导语】本文主要讲述Sergii Gordieiev是一位富有创造力的工程师，他发明了一辆有两个半后轮的自行车，这些半轮可以一起工作以完成正常车轮的工作。Gordieiev希望通过他的发明激发人们对DIY的兴趣和创造力。 【详解】1．句意：说到自行车，你可能认为完整的轮子是必要的，但一位富有创造力的工程师最近的发明表明，两个半轮子和一个完整的轮子一样好。“engineer”和空后名词“invention”是所属关系，应用名词所有格形式engineer’s。故填engineer’s。 2．句意：Sergii Gordieiev是一名工程师和网络明星。此处泛指“一名工程师”，且“engineer”以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3．句意：他以他奇妙的发明而闻名。be known for“以……而著名”，固定短语。故填known。 4．句意：他不寻常的自行车有两个半后轮，而不是一个完整的后轮，它们一起工作来完成正常车轮的工作。根据“has two half rear wheels (后车轮) instead of a complete one”可知，他设计的自行车有两个半后轮而不是一个完整的后轮，这是不同寻常的自行车，应用形容词unusual“不同寻常的”修饰名词“bike”。故填unusual。 5．句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，但这辆疯狂的自行车表明，如果使用得当，两个半轮和一个全轮一样好。此处应用副词correctly“正确地”修饰动词“used”。故填correctly。 6．句意：这项发明的关键是分离轮的定时。the key to…“……的关键”，固定搭配。故填to。 7．句意：多聪明的主意啊！中心词“idea”为单数名词，应用感叹句结构“What+a/an+形容词+单数名词（+主谓）！”故填What。 8．句意：Gordieiev说，即使车轮是完美的，正如他试图展示的0.5+0.5=1一样，也没有充分的理由破坏一辆完美的自行车。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词“reason”。故填to break。 9．句意：从加长自行车的后车架，到将车轮切成两半，并确保它们一起工作以实现完整车轮的功能，你无法想象他在自行车上投入了多少心血。根据前面的“from making”和“and”后的making可知，此处应用动名词cutting。故填cutting。 10．句意：这位工程师补充说，他希望通过自己的例子激发人们对DIY的兴趣，鼓励他们发挥创造力。名词所有格“people’s”后接名词，interest“兴趣”，为名词。故填interest。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last week, Henry’s science teacher asked the class to do a task—make a water rocket. This task was not easy. It needed knowledge from different 1 (subject), like science, maths and art. However, Henry’s team couldn’t wait to have a try. First, they learned how to make a good water rocket 2 the teacher. Then they used a plastic bottle to build a rocket. They painted blue lines and stars on 3 bottle. And they added three cardboard wings of proper size 4 the wings could help the water rocket fly straight. Next, they filled the bottle with some water and covered it. They tried to push air inside the bottle to make 5 (they) water rocket fly. For the first time, the rocket didn’t fly high. They tried again, but it still didn’t go high enough. For the 6 (three) time, they pushed more air in, and the rocket shot high into the sky. When the show time came, their water rocket flew 7 (high) among all the rockets. Everyone cheered, “ 8 a great water rocket it is!” After the show, Henry’s team wrote a nice report. They 9 (give) a prize—a rocket model. “We really enjoy learning by doing,” they said. The teacher 10 (nod), “You learn better when you try things yourself.” 【答案】 1．subjects 2．from 3．the 4．because 5．their 6．third 7．highest/the highest 8．What 9．were given 10．nodded 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了亨利和他的团队制作水火箭的过程，以及他们从中获得的乐趣和感悟。 【详解】1．句意：它需要来自不同学科的知识，如科学、数学和艺术。subject意为“学科；科目”，是可数名词，different后接可数名词的复数形式，subject的复数形式是subjects。 2．句意：首先，他们向老师学习了如何制作一个好的水火箭。此处考查固定搭配learn from sb.，意为“向某人学习”。 3．句意：他们在瓶子上画了蓝色的线条和星星。此处特指上文提到过的那个塑料瓶“plastic bottle”，应用定冠词the表示特指。 4．句意：并且他们添加了三个合适尺寸的纸板机翼，因为机翼可以帮助水火箭笔直飞行。前后两个分句之间是因果关系，后句解释添加机翼的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。because意为“因为”。 5．句意：他们试图把空气推入瓶子内部，使他们的水火箭飞起来。they意为“他们”，是人称代词主格，此处修饰名词短语water rocket，作定语，应用其形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。 6．句意：第三次，他们推入了更多的空气，火箭高高地射入天空。three“三”是基数词，表示数量，其后接可数名词复数，for the+序数词+time是固定结构，意为“第几次”，three的序数词为third，意为“第三”。 7．句意：当展示时间到来时，他们的水火箭在所有火箭中飞得最高。high意为“高的”，是副词，修饰动词flew“飞”，根据后面的“among all the rockets”可知，此处表示在三者或三者以上的范围内进行比较，应用副词的最高级highest，副词最高级前可加the，也可不加。 8．句意：每个人都欢呼道：“它是一个多么棒的水火箭啊！”此处是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数rocket，符合“What+a/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!”的结构，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 9．句意：他们被给予了一个奖品——一个火箭模型。give意为“给”，是动词，主语They与动词give之间是被动关系，且整篇文章主要描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+过去分词”，主语They为复数，用were，give的过去分词是given。 10．句意：老师点点头说：“当你们自己尝试做事情时，你们会学得更好。”nod意为“点头”，是动词，根据上下文语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，nod的过去式是nodded。 Passage 5 In recent years, artificial intelligence 1 (develop) very quickly. A new tool 2 (call) OpenClaw has recently attracted a lot of attention online. OpenClaw is designed as an AI agent that can perform tasks on a computer automatically. By doing things step by step, the program can understand instructions and complete many tasks by 3 (it). For example, if a user asks OpenClaw to collect information about a topic, it may search the Internet, read webpages and 4 (/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/) the results into a short report. In this way, it can help people finish some work quickly and save time. However, experts point out that tools like OpenClaw are still developing. They may make mistakes and are not safe. 5 human guidance is still very important. Some technology lovers have already begun to experiment with OpenClaw. They hope that AI tools will make daily work 6 (simple) than now. At the same time, many people believe that AI should 7 (use) carefully. Instead of replacing human thinking, it should be treated 8 a helpful assistant. As technology continues to develop, people will probably see more tools like OpenClaw in the coming years. Learning how 9 (work) with such tools may become an important skill for students and workers. In the end, the key question is not whether AI 10 (take) humans’ place in the future, but how humans can work better together with AI. 【答案】 1．has developed 2．called 3．itself 4．organize 5．So 6．simpler 7．be used 8．as 9．to work 10．will take 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能工具OpenClaw的功能与局限，强调人工智能应作为人类的辅助工具，未来关键在于人机协作而非人工智能取代人类。 【详解】1．句意：近年来，人工智能发展非常迅速。develop“发展”，根据“In recent years”可知，时态用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，主语artificial intelligence为不可数名词短语，助动词用has，develop的过去分词为developed。 2．句意：一个名为OpenClaw的新工具最近在网上引起了很多关注。call“叫做”，此处用动词的过去分词called作后置定语修饰名词tool。 3．句意：通过一步一步地做事情，程序可以理解指令并自己完成许多任务。it“它”，此处动作的执行者和承受者都是the program，用反身代词itself“它自己”。 4．句意：例如，如果用户要求OpenClaw收集有关某个主题的信息，它可能会搜索互联网、阅读网页并将结果组织成一份简短的报告。and在此处连接并列谓语，情态动词may后接动词原形，音标/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/对应的单词为organize“组织”。 5．句意：所以人类的指导仍然非常重要。上文提到AI工具会犯错、不安全，所以人类指导很重要，表因果，用so“所以”，句子首字母大写。 6．句意：他们希望人工智能工具能让日常工作比现在更简单。“make+宾语+形容词”表示“使……怎么样”，根据“than”可知，此处用形容词simple“简单的”的比较级simpler“更简单的”。 7．句意：与此同时，许多人认为应该谨慎使用人工智能。use“使用”，人工智能应该是被人使用的，句子用被动语态“be+过去分词”，情态动词should后用be动词的原形be，use的过去分词为used。 8．句意：它不应该取代人类的思维，而应该被视为一个有用的助手。treat … as …表示“把……当作……”。 9．句意：学习如何使用这些工具可能成为学生和工作者的一项重要技能。work“工作；学习”，疑问词how后接动词不定式形式。 10．句意：最后，关键问题不是人工智能是否会在未来取代人类，而是人类如何更好地与人工智能协同工作。take sb’s place“代替某人”，根据“in the future”可知，时态用一般将来时“will+动词原形”。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. It used to be a water-proof (防水的) tool for daily use. There 1 (be) different stories about the umbrella in China. The most popular one is related to Lu Ban. It is 2 (say) that once he and his younger sister visited the West Lake, it started raining suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a 3 (compete). Before the sun 4 (rise) tomorrow, whoever comes up with a way to help people visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the 5 (win).” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and spent the whole night 6 (build) ten pavilions (凉亭) around that lake. He was proud of them. The next morning, however, Lu Ban was surprised to see something unusual in his 7 (sister) hand. It was a round shape while it was opened. It was made of silk and bamboo strips and could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your ‘pavilion’ can protect us 9 rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later people used a much cheaper paper to take the place of silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface. That was 10 the oil-paper umbrella was invented. 【答案】 1．are 2．said 3．competition 4．rises 5．winner 6．building 7．sister’s 8．easily 9．from 10．how 【导语】本文以鲁班和妹妹的传说为背景，讲述了中国油纸伞的起源故事，介绍了油纸伞最初的制作材料，以及后来为降低成本、提升防水性改进制作材料的过程，展现了油纸伞的发明由来。 【详解】1．句意：在中国，关于雨伞有不同的传说。主语为different stories，为复数，文章为一般现在时，be动词需用are。 2．句意：据说有一次，他和妹妹去游览西湖。It is said that…“据说……”，say需用过去分词said。 3．句意：我们来比一场吧。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，compete需转换为名词competition“比赛”。 4．句意：在明天太阳升起之前，无论谁想出办法，能让人们即使在雨天也能游览西湖，谁就是获胜者。此处为before引导时间状语从句，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时；主语the sun为第三人称单数，rise需用三单形式rises。 5．句意：在明天太阳升起之前，无论谁想出办法，能让人们即使在雨天也能游览西湖，谁就是获胜者。定冠词the后接名词，win需转换为名词winner“获胜者”，表示“想出办法的人就是获胜者”。 6．句意：他找来一些工具和材料，花了一整晚在湖边建了十座凉亭。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，build需用动名词building。 7．句意：然而，第二天早上，鲁班惊讶地发现妹妹手里拿着一个不寻常的东西。修饰名词hand“手”，需用名词所有格表示“所属关系”，sister的所有格为sister’s“妹妹的”。 8．句意：这个东西打开后是圆形的，由丝绸和竹篾制成，还能被轻松地打开和收起。修饰动词短语be opened and closed，需用副词，easy的副词easily“容易地”。 9．句意：你的“凉亭”能保护我们不被雨淋。protect sb. from sth.意为“保护某人免受某物的伤害/侵袭”，此处表示“遮雨”，需用from。 10．那就是油纸伞被发明的方式。本句为表语从句，主句That was后接从句，结合前文讲述油纸伞的发明过程，需用how“如何”引导，表示“那就是油纸伞的发明由来”。 Passage 7 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空不超过两个词。 The telephone is one of the most important 1 (invention) in human history. Have you ever wondered 2 invented it? Alexander Graham Bell is 3 (wide) credited (归功于) with the invention of the telephone, but little information is available about the exact date when it 4 (be) invented. The 5 (one) successful telephone call was made by Alexander Graham Bell in 187. Since then, telephones have been 6 (develop) and improved significantly. Nowadays, we use smartphones which are much more advanced than the original telephones. Bell’s invention changed the ways of 7 (communicate). People no longer had to rely on writing letters and 8 (wait) for days or weeks to receive a response. Thanks to the telephone, we can communicate immediately, connecting with friends and family no matter where they are in the world. The telephone has 9 (change) our lives in many ways. It has made business more convenient, allowed us 10 (stay) in touch with loved ones easily, and provided us 11 a means to access information at our fingertips. 【答案】 1．inventions 2．who 3．widely 4．was 5．first 6．developed 7．communication 8．wait 9．changed 10．to stay 11．with 【导语】这篇短文介绍了电话的发明、发展及其对人类生活的深远影响。 1．句意：电话是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。空格前one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数结构，表示“最……的之一”，此处填名词复数形式。 2．句意：你有想过是谁发明电话的吗？分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，根据句意可知此处表示谁发明的，用who引导宾语从句作从句主语。 3．句意：亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔被广泛认为是电话的发明者，但关于电话发明的确切日期，几乎没有资料可查。分析句子结构可知，此处需用副词修饰“be credited”。 4．句意：亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔被广泛认为是电话的发明者，但关于电话发明的确切日期，几乎没有资料可查。空格前“it”指代电话，和动词“invented”是被动关系，而且电话是在过去被发明的，应填is的过去式was。 5．句意：亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔在 187 年成功打出了世界上第一通电话。空格前“The”后面应该用序数词，one的序数词为first。 6．句意：从那以后，电话得到了显著的发展与改进。空格前“Since then”可知，此句应用现在完成时，主语为“telephones”和“develop”之间为被动关系，此处应填动词的过去分词developed。 7．句意：贝尔的发明改变了沟通的方式。空格前“the way of”后面应该接名词，表示“……的方式”，应填communication。 8．句意：人们再也不必依赖写信，也不用再等上好几天或几周才能收到回复了。“had to”后面接并列的动词原型，前面用的是动词原形“rely on”，后面和它并列的动词也需要用原型，应填wait。 9．句意：电话在很多方面改变了我们的生活。句中“has”提示句子用现在完成时，此处要变为过去分词changed。 10．句意：它让做生意变得更加的便利，让我们能和爱的人更容易地保持联系，并且为我们提供了一种触手可及、随时获取信息的方式。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定搭配。应填to stay。 11．句意：它让做生意变得更加的便利，让我们能和爱的人更容易地保持联系，并且为我们提供了一种触手可及、随时获取信息的方式。provide sb. with sth.提供某人某物，固定搭配，应填with。 Passage 8 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确的形式。（提示：每空不超过三个单词） Cai Lun invented paper around 2000 years ago in China. It is 1 important invention. Before the invention of paper, people had to remember lots of information or write it on stones, wood, 2 （leaf）and so on. Today everyone in the world uses paper. With paper, we can make books and print newspapers. 3 （share）information is a lot easier 4 the help of paper. People use paper every day. Students do homework and keep a diary on paper. Paper is a great invention. Alan Turing was in London, England, in 1912. He 5 （attend）Cambridge University from 1931 to 1934. Turing was a mathematician and a computer scientist. Many people called Turing the father of computer science. He created the 6 （one）design for a modern computer. Turing wanted 7 （know）if a machine could think for itself and trick someone into believing they were having a conversation with another person. This became 8 （know）as the Turing test. In the test, a human talked to two other persons through a computer. One was a machine, and the other was a person. Still this idea 9 （use）today. 【答案】1．an 2．leaves 3．Sharing 4．with 5．attended 6．first 7．to know 8．known 9．is used 【导语】本文讲述了蔡伦的重大发明“纸”对世界产生的影响，以及“计算机科学之父”图灵的“图灵测试”。 【详解】1．句意：它是一个重要的发明。此处表示泛指，且important是以元音音素开头的，故填an。 2．句意：在纸发明之前，人们必须记住大量的信息，或者把信息写在石头、木头、树叶等上。leaf“树叶”，可数名词，根据stones可知，此空应填复数名词，故填leaves。 3．句意：有了纸的帮助，分享信息就容易多了。此空在句中作主语，应填动名词，故填Sharing。 4．句意：有了纸的帮助，分享信息就容易多了。with the help of“在……的帮助下”，固定搭配，故填with。 5．句意：1931年至1934年，他就读于剑桥大学。此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填attended。 6．句意：他创造了现代计算机的第一个设计。根据the可知，此空应填序数词first表示“第一”，故填first。 7．句意：图灵想知道一台机器是否能独立思考，诱骗人们相信他们正在与另一个人对话。want to do sth“想要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故填to know。 8．句意：这就是著名的图灵测试。be known as“作为……而出名”，固定搭配，故填known。 9．句意：这个想法至今仍在使用。主语this idea与动词use之间是被动关系，结合today可知，此句是一般现在时，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用is，故填is used。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $