Welcome Unit 词汇拓展清单+单元词汇作文 清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了2019人教版必修一Welcome Unit的词汇体系。从40个核心词汇出发，拓展派生词、核心短语、熟词生义，再结合高频短语速查表和应用文写作模板，构建从词汇理解到语境应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇深度拓展-高频短语-熟词生义-写作应用”逻辑清晰呈现，通过派生词链、熟词生义对比、一句话串记等方式培养思维品质，提供速查表、写作模板等工具提升学习能力，助力学生夯实语言基础并发展语言运用能力。

2019人教版高中英语必修一 Welcome Unit 词汇拓展清单 一、词汇深度拓展 1. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ n. 交换；交流 vt. 交换；交流；交易；兑换 派生词：exchangeable (adj.) 可交换的；可兑换的 核心短语：in exchange for 作为……的交换（I gave him my apple in exchange for his orange.） an exchange student exchange A for B 用A换取B（He exchanged his old phone for a new one.） exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物（We exchanged ideas with each other.） cultural exchange 文化交流 stock exchange 证券交易所 熟词生义：作名词可表示“交易所”（the New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所）；作动词可表示“兑换（货币）”（I need to exchange some dollars into euros.） 写作句型：①As an exchange student, I’d love to exchange experiences with local students and learn more about your culture. ②I’m writing this letter in the hope that we can exchange ideas on how to keep fit. ③Without saying a word, they exchanged a knowing smile and walked away together. 一句话串记：In the exchange programme, we exchanged gifts with our host families, exchanged ideas about cultural differences, and even exchanged a few words in broken English. The best part was the exchange of smiles that needed no translation. 2. lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n. 讲座；讲课；教训 vi. (开)讲座；讲课 vt. 训斥 派生词：lecturer (n.) 讲师；演讲者 核心短语：attend a lecture 听讲座（We attended a lecture on environmental protection.） give/deliver a lecture 作讲座（The professor delivered a lecture on disaster prevention.） lecture sb about/on sth 因某事训斥某人（My father lectured me on my bad grades.） 熟词生义：作动词可表示“训斥；责备”，比 scold 更正式（She lectured her son about his behaviour.） 辨析：lecture（学术讲座/大学讲课）；speech（演讲，更广义）；presentation（展示/报告，常带PPT）；talk（谈话/非正式讲座） 3. registration /ˌredʒɪˈstrɪʃn/ n. 登记；注册；挂号 派生词：register (v.) 登记；注册 核心短语：registration form 登记表 registration fee 注册费 registration number 登记号；车牌号 4. register /ˈredʒɪstə(r)/ vt. & vi. 登记；注册 核心短语：register for 注册……（You need to register for the course online.） register with 向……登记/注册（All students must register with the university.） 熟词生义：作动词可表示“流露出；表达出（情感）”（Her face registered surprise. 她脸上露出惊讶的表情）；作名词可表示“登记簿；收银机”（cash register 收银机） 5. sex /seks/ n. 性别 派生词：sexual (adj.) 性的；性别的 核心短语：gender and sex 性别（gender 指社会性别，sex 指生理性别） 6. female /ˈfiːmeɪl/ adj. 女(性)的；雌的 n. 雌性动物(植物)；女子 7. male /meɪl/ adj. 男(性)的；雄的 n. 雄性动物(植物)；男子 8. nationality /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/ n. 国籍；民族 派生家族：nation (n.) 国家；民族 national (adj.) 国家的；民族的 nationwide (adj./adv.) 全国性的/地 核心短语：Chinese nationality 中国国籍 dual nationality 双重国籍 minority nationality 少数民族 9. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计者 派生词：design (n./v.) 设计 designed (adj.) 有计划的；设计好的 核心短语：fashion designer 时装设计师 10. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n. 设计；设计方案 vt. 设计；筹划 核心短语：by design 故意地（= on purpose）（Was it an accident or by design?） be designed for 为……而设计（This course is designed for beginners.） be designed to do 旨在做某事（The programme is designed to help poor students.） 熟词生义：作名词可表示“图案；花纹”（a beautiful design on the carpet） 11. campus /ˈkæmpəs/ n. 校园；校区 核心短语：on campus 在校内（She lives on campus.） off campus 在校外（They rent an apartment off campus.） 12. formal /ˈfɔːml/ adj. 正式的；正规的 派生词：formally (adv.) 正式地 //informal (adj.) 非正式的 formality (n.) 正式手续；形式 核心短语：formal education 正规教育 / formal dress 正装 / formal occasion 正式场合 13. anxious /ˈæŋkəs/ adj. 焦虑的；不安的 派生词：anxiously (adv.) 焦虑地 / anxiety (n.) 焦虑；担忧 核心短语：be anxious about 对……感到焦虑（She is anxious about the exam.） be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事（= be eager to do）（He is anxious to know the result.） 辨析：anxious（焦虑的——担心坏事发生）；eager（渴望的——期盼好事发生）。 I'm anxious about the exam.（担心考不好）vs. I'm eager for the exam.（期待考试） 14. annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj. 恼怒的；生气的 派生词：annoy (vt.) 使恼怒 / annoying (adj.) 令人恼怒的 / annoyance (n.) 恼怒 核心短语：be annoyed with sb 生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth 因某事生气 get annoyed 变得生气 辨析：annoyed 形容人“感到生气的”；annoying 形容物/人“令人恼怒的” 15. frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/ adj. 惊吓的；害怕的 派生词：frighten (vt.) 使害怕 / frightening (adj.) 令人恐惧的 / fright (n.) 惊吓 核心短语：be frightened of 害怕……（She is frightened of dogs.） be frightened to do 害怕做某事 frighten sb into doing 吓得某人做某事 辨析：frightened 形容人“感到害怕的”；frightening 形容物“令人害怕的” 16. senior /ˈsiːnɪə(r)/ adj. 级别(或地位)高的 n. 较年长的人 核心短语：senior high school 高中 senior citizens 老年人（委婉说法） be senior to sb 比某人年长/级别高（He is senior to me.）（注意用 to 不用 than） 反义：junior（级别低的；初级的） 17. outgoing /ˈaʊtgəʊɪŋ/ adj. 爱交际的；外向的 反义：shy / introverted（内向的） 核心短语：an outgoing personality 外向的性格 写作例句：I am outgoing and enjoy making new friends. 18. impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象；感想 派生词：impress (v.) 给……留下印象 / impressive (adj.) 给人印象深刻的 / impressed (adj.) 印象深刻的 核心短语：make/leave a(n) ... impression on sb 给某人留下……的印象（She made a good impression on the teacher.） first impression 第一印象 be under the impression that 以为……（I was under the impression that you were leaving.） 19. impress /ɪmˈpres/ vt. 使钦佩；给……留下深刻印象 vi. 留下印象；引人注目 核心短语：impress sb with sth 用某事给某人留下印象（He impressed me with his knowledge.） be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻（I was impressed by her confidence.） impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记某事（My father impressed on me the importance of honesty.） 写作句型：I was deeply impressed by the kindness of the local people. 20. make an impression 留下好印象 写作例句：To make a good impression, you should dress formally and arrive on time. 21. concentrate /ˈkɒnsɪntreɪt/ vi. & vt. 集中(注意力)；聚精会神 派生词：concentration (n.) 专注；浓度 / concentrated (adj.) 集中的；浓缩的 核心短语：concentrate on 集中精力于（Please concentrate on your study.） 同义：focus on / pay attention to 写作例句：I find it hard to concentrate when there is too much noise. 22. experiment /ɪkˈspɪrɪmənt/ n. 实验；试验 派生词：experimental (adj.) 实验的 核心短语：do/perform/carry out an experiment 做实验 experiment with/on 用……做实验（The scientist is experimenting on mice.） 23. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 令人尴尬的；难对付的 派生词：awkwardly (adv.) 尴尬地 / awkwardness (n.) 尴尬 核心短语：an awkward silence 尴尬的沉默 / feel awkward 感到尴尬 熟词生义：做形容词还可以表示“笨拙的；不方便的” He felt awkward holding the chopsticks for the first time.（他第一次拿筷子时觉得很笨拙。） This is an awkward time for me. Can we talk later?（现在对我来说是个不方便的时间。我们能晚点再谈吗？） 写作例句：There was an awkward silence after his rude remark. 24. junior /ˈdʒuːnə(r)/ adj. 地位(或职位、级别)低下的 n. 职位较低者；(体育运动)青少年 核心短语：junior high school 初级中学 be junior to sb 比某人级别低/年轻（He is junior to me.）（注意用 to 不用 than） 反义：senior（级别高的） 25. explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/ vt. & vi. 探索；勘探 派生词：exploration (n.) 探索；勘探 / explorer (n.) 探险家 核心短语：explore the unknown 探索未知 / explore possibilities 探索可能性 写作例句：We should explore different ways to solve the problem. 26. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；有把握的 派生词：confidently (adv.) 自信地 / confidence (n.) 信心；信任 核心短语：be confident about/of 对……有把握（She is confident about her ability.） be confident that 确信……（I am confident that I will pass the exam.） 27. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心；信任 核心短语：have confidence in 对……有信心（I have confidence in you.） lack confidence 缺乏信心 build up one's confidence 建立信心 win sb's confidence 赢得某人的信任 in confidence 秘密地；私下地（She told me the secret in confidence.） 写作金句：Confidence is the key to success. 28. forward /ˈfɔːwəd/ adv. (also forwards) 向前；前进 adj. 向前的；前进的 核心短语：look forward to 盼望；期待（to 是介词，后接名词/动名词） 熟词生义：做动词可以表示“发送、转交、转寄” Could you forward this email to the whole team?（你能把这封邮件转发给整个团队吗？） Please forward my mail to my new address.（请把我的邮件转寄到我的新地址。） 写作例句：I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. 29. flash /flæʃ/ n. 光；信号 vi. 闪耀；闪光；发出信号 vt. 使闪耀；发出(信号) 核心短语：flash card 教学卡片；识字卡 a flash of light 一道闪光 flash back 闪回；回想 in a flash 瞬间；立刻（I'll be back in a flash.） 写作例句：Just as I was about to give up, A brilliant idea flashed into my mind---I could ask my teacher for advice. 30. organise /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ vt. 组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi. 组建；成立 派生词：organisation (n.) 组织；团体；机构 / organiser (n.) 组织者 / organized (adj.) 有组织的；有条理的 核心短语：organise an event 组织活动 / organise a meeting 筹备会议 31. organisation /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织；团体；机构 核心短语：World Health Organisation (WHO) 世界卫生组织 World Trade Organisation (WTO)世贸组织 32. goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标；球门；射门 核心短语：set a goal 设定目标 achieve/reach a goal 实现目标 short-term/long-term goal 短期/长期目标 score a goal 进球得分 33. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略；策划 派生词：strategic (adj.) 战略的 / strategically (adv.) 战略上 核心短语：learning strategies 学习策略 / a good strategy to do 做某事的良策 34. partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ n. 同伴；配偶；合伙人 派生词：partnership (n.) 伙伴关系；合作关系 35. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ vi. & vt. 改进；改善 派生词：improvement (n.) 改进；提高 / improved (adj.) 改进的 核心短语：improve oneself 提升自我 / improve the situation 改善状况 写作金句：Practice makes perfect — the more you practice, the more you improve. 36. curious /ˈkjʊərɪəs/ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 派生词：curiosity (n.) 好奇心 / curiously (adv.) 好奇地 核心短语：be curious about 对……好奇（Children are curious about everything.） be curious to do 好奇地想做某事（I am curious to know what happened.） out of curiosity 出于好奇（She opened the box out of curiosity.） 写作金句：Out of curiosity, she tiptoed to the door and opened it a crack. His words aroused my curiosity, and I couldn't help asking more questions. She cast a curious glance at the stranger. 37. company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；商行；陪伴 派生词：companion (n.) 同伴 / companionship (n.) 陪伴；友情 核心短语：keep sb company 陪伴某人（I'll keep you company.） in company with 与……一起 a company of 一群…… 熟词生义：作“陪伴”讲时是不可数名词（I enjoy your company. 我喜欢有你的陪伴。） 38. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格；个性 派生词：personal (adj.) 个人的；私人的 / personally (adv.) 就个人而言 核心短语：strong personality 鲜明的个性 / personality traits 性格特点 39. style /staɪl/ n. 方式；作风 核心短语：in style 时尚地/豪华地（She dresses in style.） out of style 过时的 learning style 学习风格 a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 熟词生义：可表示“时尚；款式”（the latest styles in fashion） 40. revise /rɪˈvaɪz/ vt. & vi. 修改；修订；复习 派生词：revision (n.) 复习；修改 / revised (adj.) 修订的 核心短语：revise for the exam 为考试复习 / revise one's opinion 改变看法 辨析：revise（英国常用“复习”；也指“修改文章”）； review（美国常用“复习”；也指“回顾/评论”）； go over（口语化“复习”） 二、高频短语速查表（晨读背诵） 短语 释义 例句 in exchange for 作为……的交换 He gave his book in exchange for her notes. at last 终于；最终 We arrived at last. make an impression 留下好印象 You should make a good impression on your first day. concentrate on 集中精力于 Please concentrate on your work. leave ... alone 不打扰；不惊动 Leave me alone! look forward to 盼望；期待（to为介词） I look forward to seeing you. take notes 记笔记 It's good to take notes in class. be curious about 对……好奇 I am curious about your plan. out of curiosity 出于好奇 She opened the letter out of curiosity. keep sb company 陪伴某人 I stayed at home to keep my mother company. 三、熟词生义速记卡 单词 常见义 生义 exchange 交换；交流 兑换（货币）；交易所 lecture 讲座；讲课 训斥（动词） register 登记；注册 流露出（表情/情感） design 设计 故意地（by design） company 公司 陪伴（keep sb company） style 方式；作风 时尚；款式 explore 探索 探究；考察 flash 闪光 瞬间（in a flash） awkward 尴尬的；难对付的 笨拙的；不方便的 forward adv. 向前；前进 adj. 向前的；前进的 发送、转交、转寄 四、应用文写作：如何用单元词汇进行自我介绍 假设你是李华，刚刚升入高中。请你在课堂上进行自我介绍，内容包括：1. 个人基本信息；2. 性格特点与兴趣爱好；3. 对高中生活的期待。 自我介绍模板 一、开场白（Greeting & Basic Info） Good morning, everyone! / Hello, everyone! / Nice to meet you all! My name is ______, and I’m ______ years old. I come from ______ (city/school). I’m a new student in this senior high school. I’m very excited to be here and to exchange ideas with all of you. 二、性格与爱好（Personality & Hobbies） I’m an outgoing and confident person. I’m curious about everything new and I enjoy exploring unknown fields. I’m anxious to make new friends and learn from others. My hobbies include ______ (reading / playing basketball / taking photos). I’m good at ______, and I often do it with my partners. I always concentrate on my work and try my best to improve myself. 三、特长与经历（Strengths & Experiences） I like doing experiments and finding answers by myself. I’m good at ______ (English / maths / drawing), and I once won ______. I enjoy taking notes and organising my thoughts after class. 四、期待与结尾（Expectations & Closing） I really look forward to studying with all of you. I hope to make a good impression on everyone. I believe that with confidence and hard work, I can achieve my goals. Thank you for listening / Thank you for your time! 范文一：新生自我介绍 Good morning, everyone! My name is Li Hua, and I’m 15 years old. I come from a beautiful town and I’m very excited to be here at this senior high school. I’m an outgoing and confident girl. I’m always curious about new things and I enjoy exploring different subjects. In my spare time, I like reading and playing badminton with my friends. I also love doing experiments in the lab, because they help me understand the world better. I’m a little anxious about the new life, but I believe I can improve myself step by step. I will concentrate on my studies and try my best to make a good impression on my teachers and classmates. I really look forward to making friends with all of you and exchanging ideas together. Thank you for listening! 范文二（变式）：英语课堂演讲 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua, a new student from Class 1. It’s a great honour to stand here and introduce myself. I’m an outgoing person with a strong personality. I’m curious about almost everything — from science to art, and from sports to music. That’s why I enjoy exploring new areas and learning new skills. My favourite subject is English, and I often take notes and exchange ideas with my classmates. I also like organising activities. In my junior high school, I helped organise a school sports event, which gave me a lot of confidence. I believe that a good strategy and team work can help us achieve our goals. I’m looking forward to studying with you and growing together. Let’s concentrate on our dreams and never give up! Thank you! 范文三（变式）：给未来英语老师写信 Dear Mr/Ms Smith, I’m Li Hua, a new student in your class. I’m writing to introduce myself and look forward to making a good impression on you. I’m an outgoing girl with a confident personality. I enjoy exchanging ideas with others and I’m curious about everything new. In my spare time, I like reading and taking notes on what I’ve learned. I also enjoy organising class activities with my partners. I know high school life will be a challenge, but I’m anxious to improve myself. I will concentrate on my studies and explore more knowledge. I’m also looking forward to making new friends and joining interesting clubs. Thank you for taking the time to read my letter. I hope we can be good friends. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $