Unit 2 Travelling Around 课文梳理及自测拓展训练-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语学习任务单围绕“Unit 2 Travelling Around—Reading and Thinking”，核心涵盖秘鲁地理历史（百科文本）与旅游项目（宣传册文本），以“基础语言知识—语篇理解—综合运用”为脉络，通过翻译、单词短语梳理、语法解析（强调句、非谓语等）搭建学习支架，助力学生从语言输入过渡到输出。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过分层练习（自测+拓展）夯实基础，如单词拼写、语法填空强化语言运用，阅读理解、写作任务提升语篇能力。同时挖掘秘鲁文化（印加帝国、干石建筑等），引导学生理解文化多样性，习题设计注重思维品质，如长难句拆解、七选五逻辑分析，有效提升学习效率与跨文化沟通能力。

Unit 2 Travelling Around—Reading and Thinking 课文梳理及自测+拓展练习答案 自测练习part Ⅰ参考答案 一、1.coast 2.narrow 3.emperor 4.site 5.official 二、6.powerful 7.ancient 8.running 9.Officially 10.narrowly 三、11.took control of 12.For this reason 13.under the control of14.lost control of 四、15.on 16.of 17.until 18.It 19.that 20.running 自测练习part Ⅱ参考答案 一、1.flight 2.accommodation3 .unique 4.paths 5.destination 二、6.amazing7.amazed8.exact9.building10.architecture 三、11. am amazed at 12.spent; exploring 13.is made of 14.other than 15.hold;together 四、16.exploring 17.unique 18.is 19.so that 20.than 21.made 五、22.Truly wonderful is the ancient culture. 23.Many plants are unique to this rainforest. 24.Nothing can help you succeed other than hard work. 拓展训练参考答案 一、阅读理解 A篇 1.B 解析：西班牙从16世纪统治秘鲁到1821，数百年，因此西班牙语成为官方语言 2.B 解析：马丘比丘线路重点介绍印加干石建筑工艺 3.B 解析：乌罗人的岛屿是湖中水生植物建造 4.C 解析：全文属于旅游宣传手册brochure B篇 5. B解析：原文 It sits high on a mountain ridge 它坐落在高高的山脊上。 6. A 缝隙 解析：原文句意为石块拼接紧密，小刀都塞不进石块之间的缝隙，所以选A。 7. B解析：原文 Without any mortar, huge stones fit together so perfectly that even a knife cannot go into the gaps. 不用砂浆，石头拼接在一起。 8. C解析：原文 remember to book your ticket early 记得提早订票。 二、七选五 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.E 13.C 解析： 9.D 过渡，秘鲁很吸引人，但出行前需要简单准备 10.A 主题句，简单本地语言很重要，对应西班牙语 11.B 承接库斯科，西班牙文化与印加传统交融 12.E 承接天气多变，即使夏季也要带厚外套 13.C in advance =ahead of time提前预订，和book ahead呼应 三、完形填空 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.C 四、写作参考范文 Dear Tom, Glad to know that you are planning a trip to Peru. I’m writing to recommend two fantastic tours for you. First comes the Machu Picchu Tour. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry‑stone architecture there, where you will be amazed at the local ancient building skills. Besides, the Cusco Tour is also well worth trying. As the former capital of Inca Empire, it offers you a great chance to experience the mixed ancient culture and appreciate splendid architecture. Wish you an unforgettable journey! Yours, Li Hua ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Travelling Around—Reading and Thinking 课文梳理及自测+拓展练习 ( — 1 — ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Text type文本类型 Part One：encyclopedia（百科全书）客观陈述地理、历史事实 Part Two：brochure（旅游宣传册）用来吸引游客，介绍旅游项目 PartⅠ翻译 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，主要分为三大区域：沿海狭长干旱的平地、安第斯山脉以及亚马孙雨林。 在15至16世纪，秘鲁是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加皇帝居住在如今举世闻名的马丘比丘遗址。西班牙于16世纪控制秘鲁，并统治该地直至1821年。正是由于这个原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁主要的官方语言。 重点单词 1. coast /kəʊst/ n. 海岸；海滨 搭配：on the Pacific coast 在太平洋沿岸；coastal adj. 沿海的 例句：Many cities lie on the coast. 很多城市坐落于海边。 2. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的 v.（使）变窄 搭配：narrow road 狭窄的道路；narrow down 缩小（范围） 变形：narrowly adv. 勉强地；险些 例句：We narrowly missed the bus. 我们险些错过公交车。 3. flat /flæt/ adj. 平坦的；扁平的 n. 平地；公寓 搭配：flat land 平地；flat surface 平坦的表面 4. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强大的；强有力的 词根：power n. 力量；权力 v. 驱动；powerless adj. 无力的 5. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的；古老的 搭配：ancient empire 古代帝国；ancient civilization 古代文明 6. emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 拓展：empire n. 帝国；empress n. 女皇；皇后 7. site /saɪt/ n. 地点；遗址；场所 搭配：historical site 历史遗址；building site 建筑工地 8. official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的；正式的 n. 官员 变形：officially adv. 官方地；unofficial adj. 非官方的；非正式的 搭配：official language 官方语言；official news 官方消息 重点短语 1. on the Pacific coast of 在……太平洋沿岸 2. take control of 控制；接管（高频短语） 拓展：lose control of 失去对……控制；under the control of 在……管控之下 3. rule until… 统治直到…… 4. for this reason 由于这个原因 核心语法 1.强调句 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 强调句型结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子剩余部分 • 本句强调原因状语 for this reason • 判断强调句：去掉 It is …that，句子依然完整通顺 注意：强调人可以用who/that；强调事物、时间、原因、地点只能用that，不能用because / where。 2.非谓语—现在分词做后置定语 narrow, dry flat land running along the coast running along the coast 现在分词作后置定语，修饰flat land 语法点：现在分词作后置定语，表示状态。 课文自测练习 一、单词拼写（根据句意以及首字母提示写出单词正确形式） 1. Many cities lie on the c of the ocean. (海岸) 2. There is a n path between the two mountains. (狭窄的) 3. This country was ruled by a powerful e hundreds of years ago. (皇帝) 4. Machu Picchu is a famous historical s______. (遗址) 5. Spanish is one of the o languages of Peru. (官方的) 二、用括号内单词适当形式填空 6. The (power) country controlled large areas of South America. 7. They visited some (ancient) buildings in Peru. 8. The land (run) along the coast is very dry. 9. (official), the meeting will start at nine o’clock. 10. He (narrow) escaped being hurt in the accident. 三、短语填空，用所给短语适当形式填空（每短语只用一次） take control of；lose control of；under the control of；for this reason 11. The army the city last year. 12. , he decided to give up this plan. 13. The small country was the big empire at that time. 14. When the fire broke out, they the situation. 四、语法填空 Peru is a country 15.______ the Pacific coast of South America. It has three main areas. In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the well‑known site, Machu Picchu. Spain took control 16.______ Peru in the 16th century and ruled 17.______ 1821. 18.______ is for this reason 19.______ Spanish is the main official language of Peru. The dry flat land 20.______(run) along the coast is one of its geographical features. Part II翻译 亚马孙雨林之旅 从库斯科短途飞行，便可从安第斯山脉进入亚马孙雨林。从那里出发，你将乘船一天，前往雨林腹地的住宿点。之后，在当地向导的带领下，用三天时间游览雨林，欣赏雨林独有的动植物。 马丘比丘之旅 这场为期四天的徒步旅行，将带你沿着安第斯山脉令人惊叹的小道前往马丘比丘古城。抵达目的地后，你有一整天游览这座古城，感受它的震撼。尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建筑工艺。印加工匠把石块切割到精准尺寸，完全不靠其他粘合剂，仅仅依靠石块之间严丝合缝，就将墙体垒筑起来。 库斯科之旅 在安第斯高原城市库斯科停留四天，感受独特的西班牙与印第安本土文化。库斯科是13‑16世纪印加帝国的都城。入住当地酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑，品尝地道美食，逛本地集市。 的的喀喀湖之旅 沿着连接库斯科与的的喀喀湖的新公路驱车一日，欣赏沿途美丽的乡村风光。抵达后乘船，到岛上的乌罗人当地家庭住上三天。这座岛屿以及乌罗人的房屋，全都由湖中水生植物搭建而成。 TRAVEL PERU（brochure旅游手册）黑体词+短语+语法知识点 重点单词 1. flight /flaɪt/ n. 航班；飞行 变形：fly v.飞；flew(过去式)；flown(过去分词) 搭配：a short flight 短途航班；flight from…to…从……飞往…… 例句：We took a short flight to the mountain city. 2. accommodation /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ n. 住处；膳宿（不可数） 搭配：book accommodation 预订住处 拓展：accommodate v.容纳；为……提供住宿 例句：We found good accommodation in the middle of the forest. 3. unique /juˈniːk/ adj.独特的；独有的 unique to sth 为……所特有 ⚠unique本身无比较级，不能用more unique 例句：These animals are unique to South America. 4. path /pɑːθ/ n.小路；道路；路径 复数：paths 搭配：mountain paths山间小路 5. destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ n.目的地；终点 搭配：reach one’s destination 到达目的地 6. amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v.使惊奇；使惊愕 amazing adj.令人惊叹的；amazed adj.感到惊奇的； amazement n.惊奇 固定短语：be amazed at / by 对……感到惊讶 例句：We were amazed at the ancient buildings. 7. method /ˈmeθəd/ n.方法；办法 搭配：method of doing sth做某事方法；dry‑stone method干石工艺 辨析：method（有条理的方法）；way（普通方式） 8. exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ adj.精确的；准确的 变形：exactly adv.精确地；正是 搭配：exact sizes精确尺寸 9. architecture /ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)/ n.建筑；建筑风格 拓展：architect n.建筑师 10. route 重点短语 1. spend time (in) doing sth 花费时间做某事 课文原句：spend three days exploring the rainforest ⚠spend主语必须是人；in可以省略；后面接动名词doing 2. nothing … other than … 除……之外没有；只有 课文原句：nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones 翻译：除石头完美契合之外，不需要别的东西固定墙体。 辨析：other than = except除了；rather than而不是 3. hold … together 把……结合/固定在一起 4. a four‑day walking tour 为期四天的徒步旅行 复合形容词作定语，单词之间用连字符，名词必须用单数。 例：a three‑day trip；a 10‑year‑old boy 5. set off for sp.动身去往某地（拓展） 6. stay with sb 和某人同住 课文长难句 长难句1 You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 1. spend time doing，and并列两个动名词 exploring 和 enjoying 2. unique to the rainforest 形容词短语作后置定语，修饰plants and animals 长难句2 Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 完全倒装句（表语置于句首，全部倒装） 语法规则：表语(adj./介词短语)放句首，句子全部倒装。 长难句3 Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. ✅语法拆解 1. so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了” 2. to hold walls together 不定式作目的状语 3. other than 固定短语：除……之外 长难句4 Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake. be made of 由……制成（可以看出原材料） 辨析： be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料） be made up of 由……组成 课文自测练习 Travel Peru自测练习 一、单词拼写（根据所给首字母填空） 1. We took a short f (航班) from the city to the rainforest. 2. We need to book a (住处) ahead of our trip. 3. This kind of plant is u (独有的) to South‑west China. 4. There are many narrow mountain p______ (小路) in the Andes. 5. We finally reached our d (目的地) before dark. 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 6. It is (amaze) to see the ancient building. 7. We were (amaze) at the perfect stone work. 8. Please tell me the (exact) time of your flight. 9. The local people used a special (build) method. 10. You will be deeply impressed by the old (architect). 三、用所给短语适当形式填空 spend…doing；other than；be made of；hold…together；be amazed at 11. I the skill of ancient Inca workers. 12. He two days (explore) the old town last summer. 13. The small house wood. 14. There is nothing a stone in the box. 15. Nothing can the stones . 四、语法填空 You can spend three days 16. (explore) the rainforest with a local guide, enjoying plants and animals 17. (unique) to the rainforest. Especially amazing 18. (be) the Incas’ dry‑stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes 19. （以便） nothing was needed to hold walls together other 20. the perfect fit of the stones. Both the island and homes 21. (make) of lake water plants attract thousands of visitors every year. 五、完成句子 22.The ancient culture is truly wonderful.（改为倒装句） 23.很多植物是这片雨林特有的。(unique to) 24.除了努力，没有什么可以帮助你取得成功。(other than) 拓展训练 第一部分 阅读理解 A篇 Travel Peru Peru is a South‑American country with amazing geography and ancient culture. It has three main geographical zones: narrow dry coastal land, the Andes Mountains and the Amazon rainforest. Once the centre of the powerful Inca Empire, it was ruled by Spain from the 16th century until 1821, so Spanish is its main official language. Here are four fantastic tours for visitors. Amazon Rainforest Tour Fly from Cusco into Amazon rainforest. Spend one‑day boat journey reaching forest‑middle accommodation. Three‑day guided rainforest exploration lets you see plants and animals unique to this area. Machu Picchu Tour Four‑day walking trip across Andes paths towards Machu Picchu. Explore the ancient city. The Inca dry‑stone building method is impressive. Stones were cut to exact sizes. Walls depended totally on perfect stone fit, without any other materials. Cusco Tour Four‑day stay in Cusco, former capital of Inca Empire. Experience mixed Spanish‑Indian culture. Visit museums, appreciate ancient architecture, try local food and shop in markets. Lake Titicaca Tour Drive along the new highway to Lake Titicaca. Take a boat to Uros floating islands. Spend three‑day home‑stay with local families. Both islands and houses are built of lake water plants. 1. Why is Spanish Peru’s main official language? A. Because most local people prefer Spanish. B. Because Spain once ruled Peru for centuries. C. Because the Inca Empire used Spanish. D. Because Peru lies on the Pacific coast. 2. If you want to study ancient Inca building skills, which tour will you choose? A. Amazon Rainforest Tour B. Machu Picchu Tour C. Cusco Tour D. Lake Titicaca Tour 3. What is special about Uros islands? A. They are ancient royal ruins. B. They are made of lake plants. C. They lie in the Amazon rainforest. D. You can go there only by plane. 4. What is the text? A. Encyclopedia article B. History research report C. Travel brochure D. Geography textbook B篇 Machu Picchu is one of the most famous ancient Inca sites in Peru. It sits high on a mountain ridge, surrounded by thick green rainforest. Built in the 15th century, the city was forgotten by the world for hundreds of years until it was rediscovered in 1911. The Inca people showed great wisdom in building Machu Picchu. They used the dry‑stone method. Without any mortar(砂浆), huge stones fit together so perfectly that even a knife cannot go into the gaps. There are wonderful temples, houses and public squares across the site. Today Machu Picchu attracts millions of visitors every year. If you plan a trip there, remember to book your ticket early. Also, wear comfortable shoes, because you will walk a lot on mountain paths. Rain is common, so bring light rain‑coats. 5. What do we know about Machu Picchu? A. It was discovered in the 15th century. B. It lies high up in the mountains. C. It was never forgotten by local people. D. It is surrounded by deserts. 6. What does the underlined word “gaps” mean? A. 缝隙 B. 花纹 C. 台阶 D. 雕像 7. The dry‑stone method means ______. A. builders used lots of mortar B. stones are put together without mortar C. workers cut stones into small round pieces D. people build houses only on dry land 8. Which piece of advice is given for visitors? A. Avoid travelling in rainy seasons. B. Take enough food and water. C. Book tickets ahead of time. D. Stay inside temples all the time. 第二部分 七选五 How to enjoy your trip in Peru Peru attracts thousands of visitors every year. 9.____ Before you set off, here is some practical advice. ● Learn simple Spanish phrases. 10.____ Since Spanish is its main official language, knowing several simple expressions will bring you much convenience. ● Respect local culture. Cusco was once the capital of Inca Empire. 11.____ When visiting ancient sites, do not damage buildings. ● Prepare proper clothing. The Andes Mountains have changeable weather. 12.____ If you plan for rainforest tours, remember insect‑repellent(驱虫剂). ● Book your tour ahead of time. 13.____ Especially for Machu Picchu, tickets are often sold out quickly. A. You cannot fully enjoy your trip without basic local‑language skills. B. It mixes Spanish culture with ancient Inca tradition. C. It is wise to make travel arrangements in advance. D. But travelling there needs simple preparation. E. Bring warm coats even in summer. F. You must take lots of cash with you. G. Local food is world‑famous. 第三部分 完形填空 Peru is worth visiting. I spent four days travelling across the Andes. I was amazed by the 14.____ mountain paths. Machu Picchu is an ancient historical 15. . The Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes. Nothing else was needed to hold walls together 16. the perfect fit of stones. It was really an 17.____ experience. For this 18.____, I strongly recommend this trip to history lovers. 14. A. narrow B. flat C. official D. powerful 15. A. coast B. site C. empire D. accommodation 16. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than 17. A. amazing B. ancient C. narrow D. official 18. A. method B. path C. reason D. fit 第四部分 写作 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom计划来秘鲁旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，推荐两条旅游线路，并简单说明理由。 提示词：Machu Picchu Tour；Cusco Tour；ancient culture；architecture $