高中英语分层教学之学困生每日小任务之初升高核心短语（十）任务单-2026-2027学年初高中英语衔接复习专项

高中英语分层教学 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 学困生每日小任务之初升高核心短语（十） 一、核心短语（7个） 1. break down /breɪk daʊn/ v. phr. （机器等）出故障 Eg: My car broke down on the way to the airport, so I missed the flight. （人教版必修二 Unit 3） 2. break out /breɪk aʊt/ v. phr. （战争、火灾等）爆发 Eg: A fire broke out in the old building last night, but no one was injured. （人教版必修三 Unit 5） 3. break a rule/rules /breɪk ə ruːl /ruːlz/ v. phr. 违反规则 Eg: Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished by the school. （人教版七年级下册 Unit 4） 4. break a record/records /breɪk ə ˈrekɔːd /ˈrekɔːdz/ v. phr. 打破纪录 Eg: The young athlete broke the national record in the 100-metre race. （人教版八年级上册 Unit 6） 5. break a promise/promises /breɪk ə ˈprɒmɪs /ˈprɒmɪsɪz/ v. phr. 违背承诺 Eg: A true friend never breaks a promise to you. （人教版必修一 Unit 4） 6. come up with /kʌm ʌp wɪð/ v. phr. 想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等） Eg: He came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem. （人教版必修二 Unit 1） 7. come true /kʌm truː/ v. phr. 实现；成为现实 Eg: I hope all your dreams will come true one day. （人教版必修三 Unit 2） 二、美文欣赏 A Dream That Came True When I was a child, I dreamed of becoming an inventor. My classmates often laughed at me, but I never gave up. One day, our school held a science competition. I was determined to come up with a creative project. I spent weeks working on a small robot that could sort rubbish automatically. However, during the final test, the robot suddenly broke down, and I felt desperate. To make things worse, a small fire even broke out due to a short circuit, though it was quickly put out. My teacher reminded me that I had broken the safety rules by using improper materials, and I was deeply ashamed. I apologised and promised never to break a promise I made to myself about safety. I went back to the drawing board, redesigned the robot, and worked even harder. Finally, my new version worked perfectly, and I broke the school record for the highest score in the competition. My dream of becoming an inventor seemed to come true at that moment. This experience taught me that failure is not the end — it is the beginning of a better solution. Every setback is a stepping stone to success, as long as we keep trying. 中文翻译： 一个实现的梦想 当我还是个孩子的时候，我梦想成为一名发明家。同学们常常嘲笑我，但我从未放弃。有一天，我们学校举办了一次科学竞赛。我决心想出一个有创意的项目。我花了数周时间制作一个小型机器人，可以自动分类垃圾。然而，在最后的测试中，机器人突然出故障了，我感到绝望。更糟的是，由于短路甚至爆发了一场小火，但很快被扑灭了。老师提醒我违反了安全规则，用了不合适的材料，我深感羞愧。我道歉并承诺永不违背我对自己许下的关于安全的承诺。我重新开始，重新设计机器人，并更加努力地工作。最后，我的新版本完美运行，我打破了学校纪录，获得了比赛最高分。那一刻，我成为发明家的梦想似乎实现了。这次经历让我明白，失败不是终点——它是更好解决方案的开始。每一次挫折都是通往成功的垫脚石，只要我们继续努力。 三、词形变换 1. break /breɪk/ 打破；弄坏（v.）——broken /ˈbrəʊkən/ 破碎的（adj.）——breakage /ˈbreɪkɪdʒ/ 破损（n.） 2. out /aʊt/ 向外（adv.）——outbreak /ˈaʊtbreɪk/ 爆发（n.） 3. rule /ruːl/ 规则（n.）——ruler /ˈruːlə/ 尺子；统治者（n.）——ruling /ˈruːlɪŋ/ 统治的（adj.） 4. record /ˈrekɔːd/ 记录（n.）——recorder /rɪˈkɔːdə/ 录音机（n.）——recording /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/ 录音（n.） 5. promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ 承诺（n./v.）——promising /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/ 有前途的（adj.） 6. come /kʌm/ 来（v.）——coming /ˈkʌmɪŋ/ 即将到来的（adj.） 7. true /truː/ 真实的（adj.）——truth /truːθ/ 真相（n.）——truly /ˈtruːli/ 真正地（adv.） 四、选词填空 从下方选择合适的短语，用其适当形式填空。 break down　　break out　　break a rule　　break a record　　break a promise　　come up with　　come true 1. The ancient clock finally __________ after running for over a hundred years. 2. A serious argument __________ between the two groups during the meeting. 3. Students who __________ will face detention after class. 4. The famous runner __________ at the Olympic Games and won a gold medal. 5. He always __________, so nobody trusts him anymore. 6. We need to __________ a better marketing strategy to attract more customers. 7. All my hard work paid off when my lifelong ambition finally __________. 五、句子填空（每空填一个完整短语） 根据中文意思，在横线上填入一个恰当的短语（注意时态和人称变化），使句子完整、通顺。 8. My laptop __________ in the middle of my online class, and I had to use my phone instead. （我的笔记本电脑在网课期间出故障了，我只好用手机代替。） 9. If a fire __________ in the building, you should leave immediately through the emergency exit. （如果大楼里爆发火灾，你应该立即通过紧急出口离开。） 10. Anyone who __________ will be asked to leave the gymnasium immediately. （任何违反规则的人将被要求立即离开体育馆。） 11. The swimmer __________ in the 200-metre freestyle and became a national hero. （这位游泳运动员打破了200米自由泳纪录，成为国家英雄。） 12. A gentleman never __________, so you can always count on his word. （君子从不违背承诺，所以你永远可以相信他的话。） 13. The research team __________ a creative solution to the environmental problem. （研究团队想出了一个有创意的解决方案来解决环境问题。） 14. With determination and hard work, your goal will eventually __________. （有了决心和努力，你的目标终将实现。） 15. Yesterday my bicycle __________ on my way home, so I had to walk back in the rain. （昨天我的自行车在半路上出故障了，所以我只好冒雨走回家。） 16. When the pandemic __________ in 2020, many countries took strict measures to control it. （当2020年疫情爆发时，许多国家采取了严格的措施来控制它。） 17. If you __________ with your parents again, they will never believe what you say. （如果你再次违背对父母的承诺，他们再也不会相信你说的话。） 六、短语默写（汉译英） 18. （机器等）出故障 ________________________ 19. （战争、火灾等）爆发 ________________________ 20. 违反规则 ________________________ 21. 打破纪录 ________________________ 22. 违背承诺 ________________________ 23. 想出；提出 ________________________ 24. 实现；成为现实 ________________________ 七、句子翻译（应用文及读后续写方向） 25. 我的汽车在高速公路上出故障了，所以我不得不打电话求助。（旅行经历） 26. 如果火灾爆发，请保持冷静并立即拨打119。（安全须知） 27. 在学校，任何违反规则的学生都将受到相应的惩罚。（校规说明） 28. 她在这次比赛中打破了全国纪录，震惊了所有人。（新闻报道） 29. 我永远不会违背我的承诺，因为诚信对我来说非常重要。（个人宣言） 30. 经过长时间的讨论，我们终于想出了一个可行的计划。（团队合作） 31. 只要你坚持不懈地追求梦想，你的梦想总有一天会实现。（励志寄语） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空 1. broke down 2. broke out 3. break a rule / break the rules 4. broke a record 5. breaks a promise 6. come up with 7. came true 五、句子填空 8. broke down 9. breaks out 10. breaks a rule / breaks the rules 11. broke a record 12. breaks a promise 13. came up with 14. come true 15. broke down 16. broke out 17. break a promise 六、短语默写 18. break down 19. break out 20. break a rule / break rules 21. break a record / break records 22. break a promise / break promises 23. come up with 24. come true 七、句子翻译 25. My car broke down on the highway, so I had to call for help. 26. If a fire breaks out, please stay calm and dial 119 immediately. 27. At school, any student who breaks the rules will be punished accordingly. 28. She broke the national record in this competition and amazed everyone. 29. I will never break a promise, because honesty means a lot to me. 30. After a long discussion, we finally came up with a workable plan. 31. As long as you keep pursuing your dream, it will come true one day. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $