Unit 5 A fine balance-2026-2027学年九年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（外研版）

Unit 5 a fine balance 词汇语法讲练 一、单元核心单词 序号 英文单词 词性 中文释义 1 drop v 降低 2 tourist 双. 游客 3 ecosystem 生态系统 v.(使)平稳，（使） balance v./n. 保持平衡：n.平衡 5 smog 烟雾 6 admire v. 欣赏，观赏 7 mark 1n. 痕迹：标记 8 farmland n. 农田，耕地 9 rapid adj. 快速的，迅速的 10 society 社会 11 l conj. 直到 12 cancel v. 取消 13 permit v. 允许；使成为可能 14 organisation 1n. 组织，团体，机构 15 harm v. 损害：危害：伤害 16 punishment n. 惩罚手段：处罚 17 global adj. 全球的，全世界的 18 overfishing 1. 过度捕捞 19 greenhouse n. 温室，暖房 20 gas n 气，气体 21 control v. 控制，限制 22 rubbish 垃圾，废弃物 23 cartoonist 漫画家；动画家 24 logging 伐木 25 alarm 警报：警报器 26 foreigner 外国人 27 logo n. 标识，标志，徽标 28 endangered adj. 濒危的，濒于灭绝的 29 vulnerable adj. 脆弱的：易受伤的 30 worldwide adv. 世界各地 31 protection n. 保护 32 environmental adj. 自然环境的 33 population 0 人口；动植物的总数 毫无疑问地，确定无 34 undoubtedly adv. 疑地 35 survival 1n. 继续生存：幸存 二、单元核心短语 序号 英文短语 中文释义 depend on 依靠；取决于 2 each other 互相，彼此 3 protect nature 保护自然 4 be made up of 由…组成 5 stay in balance 保持平衡 6 play an important role in 在…发挥重要作用 7 have a big influence on 对…影响巨大 P keep sth.healthy 维持某物健康状态 9 cut down 砍伐 10 get along with 与…和谐共处 11 stand still 停滞不前 12 natural world 自然界 13 disappear from 从…消失 14 set up 建立，创立 15 benefit from 从…中受益 16 make great efforts 做出巨大努力 17 take up 占据 18 in danger 处于危险中 19 take care of 照顾 20 protect...from... 保护…免受… 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词。（每小题1分，共15分） 1.游客 2.生态系统 3.烟雾 4.欣赏，观赏 5.痕迹；标记 6快速的，迅速的 7.直到 8.允许 9.组织，团体，机构 10.损害：危害 11.惩罚手段 12.全球的 13.过度捕捞 14.温室，暖房 15.气体 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每小题1分，共15分） 1.We should the beautiful scenery in the national park A.drop B.admire C.cancel D,harm 2.The of this area has increased rapidly in the past ten years. A.smog B.farmland C.population D.alarm 3.The forest is harmful to many animals. A.logging B.overfishing C.greenhouse D.rubbish 4.It takes time to a new organisation to protect nature A.setup B.cut down C.take up D.depend on 5.Many species are because of human activities. A.rapid B.vulnerable C.global D.worldwide 6.The lake is mainly fresh water. A.made up of B.played a role in C.benefited from D.taken care of 7.If you keep eating too much junk food,it will your health. A.permit B.control C.harm D.survive 8.The government has made great efforts to the air pollution. A.admire B.control C.drop D.mark 9.The teacher didn't leave the classroom all the students finished their homework. A.till B.because C.so D.but 10.We must the balance of nature. A.keep sth.healthy B.get along with C.stay in balance D.protect...from.. 11.The cartoonist drew a picture showing the warming problem. A.local B.global C.natural D.environmental 12.Too much in the air can cause breathing problems. A.farmland B.smog C.greenhouse D.garbage 13.The new law will more tourists to visit the wildlife reserve. A.cancel B.permit C.drop D.harm 14.We need to the endangered animals being hurt A.protect,from B.keep;healthy C.cut,down D.set,up 15.The survival of polar bears the ice in the arctic A.takes up B.depends on C.has a big influence on D.plays an important role in 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。 (每小题1分，共10分) 1.The government should take action to stop (overfish) 2.Many (tour)come to this island every year to see the whales. 3.The natural world is (doubt)important for our life. 4.We should make efforts to improve the (environment)condition. 5.The (survive)of the species depends on our protection 6.The (punish)for cutting down trees is very strict in this country. 7.The company (cancel)the plan to build a factory near the river last month 8.The (organise)has helped many homeless animals. 9.Humans have done great_ ham)）to the ocean. 10.The (foreign)are asked to follow the local rules while visiting the nature reserve. 四、根据汉语提示，完成句子（每空一词）。（每空1分，共20分） 1.人类活动对地球生态系统有巨大影响。 Human activities the earth's ecosystem. 2.我们必须学会与自然和谐共处。 We must learn to nature. 3这个组织是由志愿者组成的。 The organisation volunteers 4.过度捕捞导致许多鱼类从海洋中消失。 Overfishing causes many fish to the ocean. 5.当地农民正在努力保护农田免受污染。 Local farmers are trying to their farmland pollution 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每小题2分，共10分） 1.balance,fine,a,nature,needs (. 2.we,from,benefit,should,how,nature(?) → 3.efforts,have,made,scientists,great,to,protect,species,endangered (. → 4.control,we,must,the,of,logging,speed ( → 5.global,warming,greenhouse,caused,is,by,gases ( → 参考答案 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词 1.tourist 2.ecosystem 3.smog 4.admire 5.mark 6.rapid 7.till 8.permit 9.organisation 10.harm 11.punishment 12.global 13.overfishing 14.greenhouse 15.gas 二、单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.A5.B6.A7.C8.B9.A10.A11.B12.B13.B14.A15.B 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空 1.overfishing 2.tourists 3.undoubtedly 4.environmental 5.survival 6.punishment 7.cancelled 8.organisation 9.harm 10.foreigners 四、根据汉语提示，完成句子 (1)have a big influence on (2)get along with (3)is made up of(4)disappear from(5)protect,from 五、连词成句 1.Nature needs a fine balance. 2.How should we benefit from nature? 3.S cientists have made great efforts to protect endangered species. 4.We must control the speed of logging 5.Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases 单元语法讲练： 考点1：核心概念与基本结构 1定语从句：复合句中修饰名词/代词的从句，相当于形容词，译为“…的” 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词/代词 3.基本结构：先行词（指物)+关系代词that/which+定语从句 4.课本原句示例： Nature is a balance that//which we must protect..自然是我们必须守护的平衡。 It protects all the things that/.which live in the forest..它保护所有生活在森林里的生物。 考点2：that/which基础用法对照表 核心规则表 关系代词 指代范围 从句中所作成分 是否可省略 例句 The car that is parked outside is 人/物（本单元重 that 主语 不可省略 my father's..停在 点指物) 外面的车是我爸 爸的。 The movie (that) we saw last night 人/物（本单元重 that 宾语 可省略 点指物) was boring.我们 昨晚看的电影很 无聊。 The book which is 仅指物（事物、 on the desk which 动植物、抽象概 主语 不可省略 belongs to me.桌 念) 上的书是我的。 The house (which) 仅指物（事物、 my grandfather which 动植物、抽象概 宾语 可省略 built is very old.我 念) 爷爷建的房子很 旧了。 √易错提醒：that/which在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数要和先行词保持一致。 例：The trees which/that are planted last year grow well..去年种的树长得很好。（先行词trees,是 复数，谓语用are) 考点3：特殊用法规则（必记考点） 特殊用法表 适用场景 关系词选择 说明 ①先行词被序数词 例：This is the best film that I (first/last/next等)、形容词最 只用that,不用which have ever seen.这是我看过最好 高级(best/most等)修饰 的电影。 ②先行词是不定代词 例：Everything that we need is (all/everything/nothing/somethin 只用that,不用which ready.我们需要的所有东西都 g/anything/much/little) 准备好了。 ③先行词被 例：The only thing that matters is all/every/no/some/any/little/much/t 只用that,不用which to protect the environment..唯一 he only/he very/he same等修饰 重要的事是保护环境。 例：We talked about the people and things that we met in the ④先行词既有人又有物 只用that,不用which village.我们聊了在村里见到的 人和事。 例：The house in which Lu Xun ⑤关系词前有介词，或引导非 限制性定语从句（有逗号隔 只用which,不用that once lived is a museum now. 迅曾经住过的房子现在是博物 开) 馆。 即学即练(that/which定语从句)单项选择 1.The ecosystem is damaged by pollution will take a long time to recover. A.who B.which C.what D.whom 2.This is the best article about environmental protection I have ever read. A.which B.who C.that D.what 3.The book I borrowed from the library is about ecological balance. A.who B.what C.where D.that 4.We should reduce the pollution harms the habitats of wild animals A.which B.who C.what D.whom 5.Everything we do can make a difference to the environment. A.which B.that C.who D.what 6.The first rule we should follow is to keep the balance of nature. A.which B.who C.that D.what 7.The village we visited last year has developed quickly. A.who B.what C.when D.which 8.The only way can solve the problem is to cut down carbon emissions. A.that B.which C.who D.what 9.The house in the old scientist once lived is now a protection base for birds A.that B.which C.who D.where 10.The photos and stories are shared on the website show the beauty of nature. A.which B.that C.who D,what 参考答案 即学即练(that/which定语从句) 1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.C7.D8.A9.B10.B