Unit 8 Protecting the environment-2026-2027学年八年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（冀教版）

Unit 8 Protecting the 词汇语法讲练 一、单元核心单词 序号 单词 音标 1 shark 小ak/ 2 plastic /'plaestrk/ 3 plastic /'plaestrk/ 4 bottle /'botl/ 5 bin /bin/ 6 recycle /ri:'sarkl/ 7 behaviour /bI'hervja(r)/ 8 harmful /'ha:mfl/ 9 whale /weil/ 10 gun /gan/ 11 kilo /'kileu/ 12 stomach /'stamak/ 13 situation /.sItfu'erfn/ 14 worse /w3:s/ 15 divide /dI'vard/ environment 词性 中文释义 n 鲨鱼 n. 塑料 adj 塑料的；可塑的 瓶子；一瓶（的 量) 垃圾箱：大储藏 箱 回收利用；再利 用 n. 行为：举止 adj. 有害的 n. 鲸 n. 枪；炮 n. 千克；公斤 n. 胃；腹部 n. 状况；形势 更糟的：更坏的 adj. (bad的比较级) (使)分开；分 4 割 16 global 17 produce 18 ton 19 goods 20 product 21 waste 22 affect 23 kill 24 pollute 25 suffer 26 cheap 27 option 28 reusable 29 properly 30 solution 31 impact 32 impact 33 reduce 34 miracle 35 hardly 36 goveinment 全球的；全世界 /'glaubl/ adj. 的 /pre'dju:s/ V 生产；制造 / n. 吨；大量；许多 /gudz/ n. 商品；货品 /'prodakt/ n. 产品；结果 垃圾；浪费/浪 /weIst/ n.&v. 费 /a'fekt/ v. 影响；使感染 杀死：导致死 /ki/ V. 亡；破坏 /pa'lu:t/ N. 污染；弄脏 遭受：蒙受：变 /'sAfa(r)/ V. 差 /:p/ adj. 便宜的 /'ppjn/ . 选项；选择权 可再次使用的： /i:'ju:zabl/ adj. 可重复利用的 /prppali/ adv. 恰当地；正确地 /se'lu:[n/ n. 解决办法；溶液 巨大影响：冲击 /'mmpaekt/ 力 /'mpaekt/ v 有作用；冲击 h'dju:s/ 减少：降低 /'mrrakl/ 奇迹 /'ha:dli/ adv. 几乎不 /gavenmant/ 1. 政府 37 dead 38 land 39 land 40 forester 41 condition 42 severe 43 generation 44 technology 45 survive 46 century 47 spirit 48 inspire 49 complete 50 complete 51 ecological 52 scenery 53 gas 54 oil 55 coal 56 planet 57 increase 无生命的；废弃 /ded/ adj. 的：死气沉沉的 Mlaend/ n. 大地：陆地 Mlaend/ V. 着陆；降落 /'fprIsta(r)/ 1n. 林务员：护林人 /kan'dIfn/ n. 条件：状况 恶劣的；严酷 /sI'vIa(1)/ adj. 的；严重的 /d3ena'rerfn/ n. 一代：一辈 /tek'nDlad3i/ n 科技：工艺 存活：生存：幸 /se'varv/ V. 存 /'sentfari/ n. 世纪：百年 /'spuit/ 精神：心灵 /in'spare(r/ v 鼓舞；激发 /kam'pli:t/ v. 完成：结束 /kam'pli:t/ adj. 完全的：完整的 自然环境的：生 /i:ka'lpd31kl/ adj. 态环境的 /'sineri/ n. 风景：景色 /gaes/ n. 天然气：气体 /o1l/ 1n. 石油：原油；油 /keul/ n. 煤 /'plaenrt/ n. 行星；地球 /m'kri:s/ n.&v. 增加：增长 58 effect h'fekt/ 59 cause ko:z/ 60 cause ko:z/ 61 pole paull 62 melt /melt/ 63 flood /fld/ 64 storm /sto:m/ 65 thankfully /'Oaenkfali/ 66 action /'ek/ 67 equipment /I'kwIpmant/ 68 serous /'sIenes/ 69 address /a'dres/ 70 address /e'dres/ 二、单元核心短语 序号 短语 1 throw...in the bin 2 recycling bin 3 be harmful to divide...into... 5 tons of 6 cut down 影响：效果；结 n. 果 造成：引起；导 V 致 原因；理由；事 业 (行星的)极： n. 极端 融化；（使）熔 化 n 洪水：大量 暴风雨：沙暴 adv 幸亏：感激地 n. 行动：行为 设备；仪器；方 法 adj. 严重的：严肃的 设法解决；演讲 1n. 地址；演讲 音标 中文释义 把…扔进垃圾箱 回收箱 对…有害 把…分成… 大量的：许多的 砍倒：削减 7 take action 采取行动 关掉（开关、电器 8 turn off 等) 9 pick up 捡起：拾起 10 make a difference 有影响：起作用 11 be supposed to 应该：被期望 12 thanks to 多亏；由于 13 global warming 全球变暖 14 greenhouse effect 温室效应 15 living things 生物 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示，写出正确的单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1.塑料 2.鲨鱼8 3.回收利用 4.有害的 5.产品 6.污染p 7.减少r 8.政府g 9.几乎不 10.融化m 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每题1分，共15分） 1.We shouldn't use too many bags.They are to the environment. A.plastic,harmful B.plastic;harmless C.plastics;harmful D.plastics;harmless 2.Our teacher often the class four groups for group work. A.divides,into B.throws;in C.cuts;down D.turns,off 3. the government's help,the village has become more beautiful. A.As for B.Thanks to C.Instead of D.Because 4.We must to stop factories from polluting the river. A.make a difference B.pick up C.take action D.cut down 5. is the long-term change in Earth's weather patterns,mainly caused by the A.Greenhouse effect,global warming B.Global warming;greenhouse effect C.Living things;problem D.Situation;solution 6.The weather is getting even We have to stay at home. A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst 7.This factory tons of electronic every year. A.produces;products B.produces;goods C.increases;waste D.reduces;equipment 8.We should the lights before leaving the classroom to save energy. A.turn on B.turn off C.pick up D.throw away 9.You are clean up the classroom after school. A.made a difference B.supposed to C.harmful to D.thanks to 10.The earthquake many people to lose their homes A.made B.let C.caused D.had 11.He felt very tired,but he could keep his eyes open A.always B.usually C.often D,hardly 12.Everyone should do something to our living A.improve;planet B.protect,planet C.affect,conditions D.kill;spirits 13.We must find a good to the problem of pollution. A.situation B.solution C.condition D.action 14.The number of wild animals is because of human activities. A.reducing B.recycling C.increasing D.surviving 15.The story of the foresters who planted trees for a us a lot A.generation;affects B.century;inspires C.condition;kills D.miracle;causes 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。（每题1分，共10分） 1.We should take this kind of (behave)seriously. 2.The government is trying to find ways to stop water (pollute). 3.This kind of bag is (use).You can use it many times. 4. (thank),no one was hurt in the accident. 5.We must do everything (proper)to protect our earth. 6.Living a green life has a positive (impact)on our planet. 7.The workers are (complete)the building of the new school. 8.It's important to protect our (ecology)environment. 9.The (develop)of technology has brought us many changes. 10.We should try our best to (survival)in a difficult situation 四、情景交际：补全对话（每空2分，共10分) A:Hey,Peter.What are you doing? B:I'm sorting the rubbish.We should (1) (把…扔进垃圾箱)different kinds of waste(②) (恰当地). A:That's a good idea.But why do you do that? B:Well,some waste can be(3) (回收利用).And some is(4) (有害的)toor environment. A:I see.(5) （多亏)your help,I've learned a lot..I'll do the same from now on! 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每题5分，共25分） 1.pollution,we,action,take,must,reduce,to ( → 2.products,a,difference,can,green,make (. → 3.people,supposed,is,save,to,energy,everyone (? 4.the,caused,flood,has,by,storm,a,serious,conditions (? → 5.future,generations,our,for,planet,protect() 参考答案 一、根据汉语或首字母填空 1.plastic 2.shark 3.recycle 4.harmful 5.product 6.pollute 7.reduce 8.government 9.hardly 10.melt 二、单项选择 1.A2.A3.C4.C5.B6.C7.A8.B9.B10.C11.D12.B13.B14.A15.B 三、用所给词适当形式填空 1.behaviour2-pollution3.reusable4.Thankfully5.properly6.impact7.completing8.grey(grey不可数，不变) 9.development 10.survive 四、补全对话 1.throw 2.properly 3.recycled 4.harmful 5.Thanks to 五、连词成句 1.We must take action to reduce pollution. 2.Green products can make a difference 3.Is everyone supposed to save energy? 4.Has the flood caused serious conditions by a storm? 5.Protect our planet for future generations. 单元语法讲练： 考点1：动词不定式作目的状语 核心规则表 项目 内容说明 含义 表示主句动作发生的目的，译为“为了…” ①句首（强调目的)：T0+动词原形+，+主句②句末（补充说明）： 结构 主句+o+动词原形 可替换为in order to+动词原形，语气更正式：否定形式为in order not to do, 同义转换 不定式本身否定不直接在句首用not to do 1 To cany out the tree-planting task,a group of foresters worked in Saihanba for 单元原句例句 years.2They used new technology to help young trees survive cold winters.3To reduce plastic pollution,we should take reusable bags when shopping 易错提醒 不定式作目的状语时，逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致，不能出现悬垂结构 即学即练（动词不定式作目的状语）单项选择 1. protect the river,volunteers pick up rubbish along the bank every weekend. A.In order that B.To C.So that D.For 2.We should turn off the lights when leaving the room energy. A.save B.saved C.to save D.saving 3. more trees on the hills,the villagers started a tree-planting club last spring. A.Plant B.Planted C.Planting D.To plant 4.Many students take public transport to school air pollution A.reduce B.to reduce C.reducing D.reduced 5. plastic waste,we'd better not use single-use chopsticks or straws. A.Cut down B.To cut down C.Cutting down D.Cuts down 6.The workers built a recycling station waste things like paper and glass A.process B.processed C.to process D.processing 7.My mother always takes a cloth bag to the supermarket use too many plastic bags A.in order to not B.in order not to C.not to D.to not 8. more people know about environmental protection,we put up lots of posters around the community. A.Make B.Made C.Making D.To make 9.People all over the world work together the earth from getting warmer. A.stop B.stopped C.to stop D.stopping 10. a green school,our school asks every class to sort waste every day A.Build B.Built C.To build D.Building 考点2：动词不定式作宾语补足语 核心规则表 项目 内容说明 放在宾语之后，补充说明宾语要发出的动作，让句意完整，译为“…某人做 含义 某事” 基本结构 主语+谓语动词+宾语（sb./sth.)+to do sth ①inspire sb.todo激励某人做某事②want sb.todo想要某人做某事③ask 本单元高频必背 sb.todo要求某人做某事④tell sb.todo告诉某人做某事⑤encourage sb.to 接todo作宾补的 do鼓励某人做某事⑥allow sb.todo允许某人做某事⑦invite sb.todo邀请 动词 某人做某事⑧expect sb.todo期待某人做某事 特殊情况（省略 help sb.to)do sth.帮助某人做某事(to可加可不加)使役动词nake/let/have sb to) do sth.(省略to) 1The Saihanba Spirit inspired many young people to take part in environmental 单元原句例句 protection work.2 Our teacher asks us to sort waste into different bins every day.3 We want more classmates to join our recycling club. 即学即练（动词不定式作宾语补足语）单项选择 11.The environmental speech inspired all the students action to protect the earth. A.take B.taking C.to take D.took 12.My parents often encourage me little things to go green at home. A.do B.to do C.doing D.did 13.Our teacher told us rubbish everywhere when we go for a picnic. A.not throw B.don't throw C.not to throw D.to not throw 14.We want more volunteers us clean up the city park this Sunday A.join B.joining C.to join D.joined 15.The new rule allows students reusable water bottles to the classroom. A.bring B.to bring C.bringing D.brought 16.The pollution from factories makes the river dirty,so we must stop it. A.become B.to become C.becoming D.became 17.We invited a forest ranger us a talk about tree planting last week A.give B.giving C.to give D.gave 18.The community often asks residents waste into different groups. A.sort B.sorting C.to sort D.sorted 19.Li Ming helped his neighbour the fallen leaves in the yard yesterday. A.sweep B.to sweeping C.swept D.sweeping 20.The head teacher expects every student a small green promise at the beginning of the term A.make B.to make C.making D.made 考点3：动词不定式作后置定语 核心规则表 项目 内容说明 放在被修饰的名词/代词之后，说明该名词/代词的用途、要做的动作，译 含义 为“…的（人/事/物/地方）” 常见固定搭配 ①修饰抽象名词：a good way to do sth.做某事的好方法；a plan to do sth.做某 事的计划；a chance to do sth.做某事的机会②修饰地点名词：a good place to (本单元+高频 do sth.做某事的好地方③修饰动作相关名词：time to do sth.做某事的时间； 考) something to do要做的事；the best time to do sth.做某事的最佳时间 主谓一致 不定式修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词和被修饰的名词保持一致，和不定式无关 1 Riding bikes to school is a good way to reduce air pollution.We have many 单元原句例句 plans to make our school greener this term.3 The wetland park is a perfect place to watch different kinds of birds 不定式作定语时，若不定式是不及物动词，后面要加对应的介词，如：apen 易错提醒 to write with a chair to sit on 即学即练（动词不定式作后置定语）单项选择 21.Using both sides of the paper is a good way paper waste A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.cut 22.The city built a new ecological park people a nice place to relax close to nature. A.give B.gave C.to give D.giving 23.I have something important you about the environmental activity this Friday. A.tell B.telling C.to tell D.told 24.There are many interesting things in the science museum about green energy. A.see B.to see C.seeing D.saw 25.Every spring is the best time trees in the north of China. A.plant B.planting C.to plant D.planted 26.We came up with a great idea money for the endangered animal protection. A.raise B.to raise C.raising D.raised 27.We need a big box all the recycled bottles and cans A.hold B.held C.to hold D.holding 28.The little lake near our village is a good place fishing in summer A.go B.going C.to go D.went 29.Everyone should have a chance a greener lifestyle in daily life A.try B.to try C.trying D.tried 30.Before the trip,our teacher made a list of things for the mountain clean-up activity. A.prepare B.preparing C.to prepare D.prepared 参考答案 即学即练（动词不定式作目的状语） 1.B2.C3.D4.B5.B6.C7.B8.D9.C10.C 即学即练（动词不定式作宾语补足语） 11.C12.B13.C14.C15.B16.A17.C18.C19.A20.B 即学即练（动词不定式作后置定语） 21.B22.C23.C24.B25.C26.B27.C28.C29.B30.C