Unit 1 Look it up!-2026-2027学年八年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（沪教版）

Unit 一、单元核心单词 序号 英文单词 1 dinosaur 2 intelligent 3 talented 4 artistic 5 perhaps 6 notebook 7 vehicle 8 prehistoric 9 completely 10 original 11 birth 12 suffering 13 artist 14 piece 1 Look it up! 词汇语法讲练 音标 词性 中文释义 /'damas:(r)/ 1n. 恐龙 有才智的；聪明 m'telrd3ant/ adj. 的 有才能的：天才 /'taelantrd/ adj. 的 有艺术天赋的： /a:'trstrk/ adj. (尤指)有美术 才能的 可能；大概：也 /pa'haeps/ adv. 许 /'nautbuk/ 笔记本 /'vi:akl/ n. 交通工具；车辆 .pri:hr'stork/ adj 史前的 /kam'pli:tli/ adv. 完全地；彻底地 /e'nd3anl/ adj. 原来的：起初的 b3:0/ n. 出生 /'sAfarm/ 苦难；疼痛 艺术家；（尤 /'a:tIst/ 1. 指)画家 /pi:s/ n. (音乐、艺术作 品的)一首：一 15 death 16 whole 17 editor 18 organize 19 order 20 record 21 encyclopaedia 22 fossil 23 entry 24 volume 25 painting 26 intelligence 27 talent 28 inventor 29 invention 30 genius 31 rule 32 scan 二、单元核心短语 序号 幅；一篇 /de0/ n. 死；死亡 /haul/ adj. 全部的：所有的 (书籍、报刊 /'edita(r)/ n. 的)编辑 /'o:genarz/ v. 安排：组织 ':de(r)/ 顺序 'k:d/ v. 记录 /m,sarkle'pi:dia/ n. 百科全书 /'fosl/ n. 化石 (百科全书、词 /'entri/ 典的)词条 (书籍的)卷： /'volju:m/ n. 册 /pemtu/ n. 画作：绘画作品 /mn'telrd3ans/ 智力：智慧 /'taelent/ 天赋；才能 m'vente(r)/ 发明家 发明（物）：创 /n'venfn/ n. 造 /'d3i:nias/ n. 天才：天赋 ruV 统治；支配 /skaen/ 扫读；浏览 英文短语 中文释义 (在词典、参考书中)查阅： look up 查询 2 die out 3 a type of 4 be related to 5 general education 6 go back a long way 7 be similar to 8 alphabetical order 9 play an important role 10 at birth 11 have a talent for 12 in alphabetical order 13 chief editor 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示，写出正确的单词。 1.恐龙 2.聪明的 3.出生 4.天才 5.史前的 6.completely 7.record (v.) 8.volume 9.editor 10.scan 灭绝；消失 种：一类 与…属于同一种类；与… 相关 通识教育 (历史)悠久；有很长的渊源 与…相似 字母顺序 起到重要作用：扮演重要角色 出生时 有…的天赋 按字母顺序 主编 (每题1分，共10分) 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每题1分，共15分） 1.-What do you want to be when you grow up?>An like Leonardo da Vinci.I love painting. A.inventor B.artist C.editor D.genius 2.We can use an encyclopaedia to information about almost anything A.look up B.die out C.go back D.play a role 3.Many prehistoric animals have We can only see their fossils now A.died out B.looked up C.been similar to D.gone back 4.Mozart was a musical He could play the piano at a very young age. A.talent B.invention C.genius D.piece 5.The words in a dictionary are usually arranged in A.alphabetical order B.general education C.a type of D.a long way 6.My sister has a great for music.She can play three instruments. A.birth B.suffering C.death D.talent 7.Dinosaurs are to modern reptiles like crocodiles and birds. A.similar to B.famous as C.known for D.related to 8.We should our time well to finish the project on time. A.organize B.record C.rule D.scan 9.That ofmusic is very popular among young people. A.piece B.bit C.part D.pair 10.-You look tired. you need a rest.-Yes,I think so. A.Completely B.Perhaps C.Whole D.Original 11.The of the famous movie star was a great loss to the film industry. A.birth B.death C.talent D.role 12.A is a very old animal or plant that has turned into stone A.dinosaur B.fossil C.vehicle D.notebook 13.The of this newspaper is responsible for all the content. A.chief editor B.inventor C.artist D.genius 14.Albert Einstein was known for his high A.talent B.intelligence C.invention D.volume 15.When you scan a text,you look for information A.whole B.original C.specific D.complete 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。（每题1分，共10分） 1.The young (invent)created a new type of vehicle. 2.The telephone is one of the greatest (invent)in history 3.She showed great (intelligent)from an early age. 4.He is a very (talent)musician,known for his artistic skill 5.The teacher asked us to (organization)our ideas before writing 6.The book has six (volume)in total 7.He (record)his daily life in his notebook. 8.We need to find the (originally)plan for the project 9.The old castle has a long history;it (go)back to the 15th century. 10.This animal is not (die)out yet we can still find some in the wild. 四、情景交际：补全对话。（每空2分，共20分） A:Hi,Tom!What are you doing? B:Oh,hi,Lucy.I'm reading an (1)e about dinosaurs. A:Dinosaurs?They lived in (2)p times. B:Yes.But they (3)d out millions ofyears ago.It's a sad story of(4)d and (5) A:But how do we know so much about them? B:Through(6)f Scientists study their bones.And these animals are (7)r to modemn birds! A:That's amazing!You really have a (8)t for leamning facts. B:Thanks.(9)P _we can look it up in the library together this weekend.I want to (10) more information. 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每题3分，共15分） 1.words,in,the,are,alphabetical,arranged,entry,order (? → 2.important,education,an,plays,general,role (? → 3.have,many,for,of,talent,a,birth,people,at,music (? → 4.this,to,similar,that,is,type,of,type,vehicle,of(?) 5.his,completely,changed,death,nothing,life,but (. 参考答案 一、根据汉语或首字母填空 1.dinosaur 2.intelligent 3.birth 4.genius 5.prehistoric 6.completely 7.record 8.volume 9.editor 10.scan 二、单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.C5.A6.D7.D8.A9.A10.B11.B12.B13.A14.B15.C 三、用所给单词适当形式填空 1.inventor 2.inventions 3.intelligence 4.talented 5.organize 6.volumes 7.recorded 8.original 9.goes 10.dying 四、情景交际：补全对话 (1)encyclopaedia(2)prehistoric(3)died(4)death(5)suffering (6)fossils(7)related(8)talent(9)Perhaps(10) record 五、连词成句 1.Are the words in the entry arranged in alphabetical order? 2.Does general education play an important role? 3.Do many people have a talent for music at birth? 4.Is this type of vehicle similar to that type? 5.His death completely changed his life,but nothing changed.(注意：此句结构稍有挑战，更常见的表达 为“Death changed his life completely,but nothing(else did).,”但原题词汇限制，故参考答案为“His death changed nothing,but completely life..”不符合语法。建议最佳答案为：His death completely changed his life,.but nothing else.但词汇列表无else。所以根本词汇表，重拟一个句子更合适。此为教学反 思，此处提供标准答案：His death completely changed his life,but nothing(changed).括号内单词可省 略，构成合理句意。)更优且完全符合词汇表的答案：His death completely changed his life,.but nothing changed. 单元语法讲练： 考点1：some和any的用法 核心规则表 词汇 常用句型 核心含义 特殊情况 some 肯定句 一些；若干（修饰可 表请求、建议、邀请 数名词复数/不可数名 的疑问句中，期望得 词) 到对方肯定回答时用 some 肯定句中表“任何 any 否定句、疑问句 些；若干 (一个/些)”，强调 无限制 l.There are some encyclopaedias on the shelf.（肯定句，表“一些” 2.Idon't have any questions about dinosaurs.(否定句，表“一些”) 3.Would you like some tea?(邀请类疑问句，用some) 4.Any student can look up information in the library.(肯定句，表“任何”) 即学即练(some&any) 单项选择 1.I can see old fossils on the table in the museum. A.some B.any C.every D.no 2.There isn't information about this kind of dinosaur in the encyclopaedia A.any B.some C.many D.few 3.-Would you like cakes for your breakfast? Yes,please. A.any B.some C.little D.few 4.You can ask question about the encyclopaedia entry,and I will answer you A.some B.no C.any D.few 5.-Do you have notebooks to write down the key points? A.some;any B.any;some C.any;any D.some;some 6.Could you give me advice on how to look up words in a dictionary? A.any B.some C.many D.alot 7.Why not buy flowers for our chief editor on Teachers'Day? A.any B.some C.little D.much 8.I'm so thirsty.Can I get water to drink? A.some B.any C.no D.many 9. child can join the reading club if he or she loves reading. A.Some B.No C.Any D.Much 10.She bought new books about famous artists yesterday,but she didn't buy paintings. A.any;some B.some;any C.some;some D.any;any 考点2：复合不定代词用法 一、构成规律表 前缀 -one/-body(指代人) -hing(指代事物) some- (某) someone/somebody某人 something某事；某物 ay-（任何) anyone/anybody任何人 anything任何事：任何物 no-(无) no one/nobody没有人 nothing没有事；没有物 evey-(每个) everyone/everybody每个人 everything一切；所有事物 二、核心用法规则 1.主谓一致：复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 >Everyone knows how to look up words in a dictionary. 2.句型适配： )some-类：多用于肯定句；表请求/建议/期望肯定回答的疑问句中也可使用 )any-类：多用于否定句、疑问句；肯定句中表“任何人/任何事物” )no-类：本身表否定含义，相当于not any-.,所在句子不再加否定词 )evey-类：可用于各种句型，表“全体、所有” 3.修饰语后置：形容词、动词不定式等修饰复合不定代词时，要放在代词后面 )例：I have something important to tell you.(形容词important)后置) )例：Would you like something to eat?(不定式to eat后置) 易错提醒 ①nothing=not anything;nobody/no one=not anybody/anyone,句中有no-类代词时，谓语用 肯定形式，避免双重否定 ②指人时，-one和-body的词含义基本相同，-one更正式 ③回答who引导的问句用no one/nobody;回答how many/.how much引导的问句用none 即学即练（复合不定代词）单项选择 1. in our class likes reading encyclopaedias about dinosaurs. A.Everyone B.Anyone C.Someone D.No one 2.-Is there in today's encyclopaedia entry? A.something interesting,anything B.anything interesting;nothing C.interesting something;something D.interesting anything;nothing 3.I'm hungry.I want to eat before we look up the information. A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything 4.The question is very easy. can answer it if you look up the book carefully A.No one B.Someone C.Anyone D.Something 5.There is wrong with my notebook.I can't find my notes about the artist. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 6.-Who helped you finish the report about fossils? I did it all by myself. A.Someone B.Anyone C.No one D.Everyone 7.I have to tell you.Please come to my office after class. A.important something B.something important C.important anything D.anything important 8.Don't worry. is going well with our project about Da Vinci A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.Everything 9.I can't find my pen.Has seen it anywhere? A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody 10.There is in the box.It's empty.You can put your reference books in it. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 参考答案 即学即练(some&any) 1.A2.B3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.A9.C10.B 即学即练（复合不定代词） 1.A2.B3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.D9.B10.C