Unit 4 Hands-on fun祈使句及should与had better的用法（核心语法精练）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以表格化知识框架系统梳理祈使句及should/had better用法，通过分层训练实现语法规则向解题能力转化，提升语言运用与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2核心语法表格|结构规则+要点提示+易错警示|从概念（结构）到例证（例句）再到应用（要点），形成完整认知链| |考点夯基|70题（4题型）|动词形式/句型转换/语境辨析|单一语法点向多题型应用延伸，强化规则迁移能力| |综合提升|2篇语篇|语篇中语法综合运用|语法规则与语篇语境融合，培养语言理解与表达的思维品质|

Unit 4 Hands-on fun核心语法精练 （祈使句及should与had better的用法） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 6 四、句型转换 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 10 祈使句 结构规则 典型例句 要点提示 肯定祈使句（Do 型） 实义动词原形 + 其他成分 ① Open the window, please. ② Be careful when crossing the road. ③ Have a good time! ① be 动词开头用原形 be，不能用 am/is/are ② 句首或句末可加 please 表委婉 Let 型祈使句 Let + 宾语（me/us/him/her/it/them）+ 动词原形 ① Let me help you. ② Let's go to the cinema tonight. ③ Let him finish the work alone. ① Let's 包含听话者，反义疑问句用 shall we ② Let us 不包含听话者，反义疑问句用 will you 否定祈使句 ① Don't + 动词原形 ② Never + 动词原形（语气更强） ① Don't make so much noise. ② Never play with fire. ③ Don't be late for school again. ① Don't 后必须接动词原形，be 动词也用原形 ② No + doing/n. 表禁止（No smoking!） 带主语的祈使句 主语（you / 名词）+ 动词原形（表强调、指明对象或训斥） ① You be quiet! ② Tom clean the blackboard today. ③ Don't you open the door. 主语后仍然接动词原形，不要加 s/es 祈使句特殊句型 祈使句 + and/or + 一般将来时陈述句 ① Work hard, and you will pass the exam. ② Hurry up, or you will miss the train. ① and 表顺承 "那么"；or 表 "否则" ② 该句型是中考单选必考点，常考连词选择 祈使句反义疑问句 祈使句 + will you? /won't you? ① Open the door, will you? ② Don't be late again, will you? ③ Let's go for a walk, shall we? ① 否定祈使句反义疑问只能用 will you ② Let's 用 shall we，其他 let 形式用 will you should和had better的用法 should 用法 had better 用法 核心含义 表 "应该、应当"，用于提出建议、劝告，或表达义务、责任，语气委婉礼貌 表 "最好做某事"，用于提出强烈建议或警告，暗含 "如果不做会有不好的后果"，语气较重 基本结构 should + 动词原形（无人称和数的变化） had better + 动词原形（had 可缩写为 'd better，无人称和数的变化） 肯定句例句 ① You should drink more hot water. ② We should protect the environment. ③ Students should finish homework on time. ① You had better see a doctor at once. ② It's going to rain. You 'd better take an umbrella. ③ We had better start right now. 否定句结构 should not = shouldn't + 动词原形 had better not + 动词原形（绝对不能说 hadn't better） 否定句例句 ① You shouldn't eat too much junk food. ② He shouldn't stay up too late. ① You had better not be late again. ② We had better not waste time. 疑问句结构 Should + 主语 + 动词原形...? Had + 主语 + better + 动词原形...?（较少用） 疑问句例句 ① Should I take the medicine three times a day? ② What should we do next? ① Had we better leave early? ② You'd better go now, hadn't you? 适用场景 1. 一般性建议、劝告 2. 道德义务、责任 3. 对长辈、陌生人的礼貌建议 4. 表达 "按理应该" 1. 紧急情况下的强烈建议 2. 长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的警告 3. 特定情境下的最优选择 4. 口语中熟人之间的提醒 语气对比 You should wear more clothes.（建议：多穿点衣服） You'd better wear more clothes, or you'll catch a cold.（警告：你最好多穿点，不然会感冒） 易错点警示： 错误：You had better to go now. 正确：You had better go now.（had better 后接动词原形，无 to） 错误：You hadn't better tell him the news. 正确：You had better not tell him the news.（否定形式是 had better not） 错误：You should better study hard. 正确：You should study hard. / You had better study hard.（should 和 had better 不能混用） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Don’t ______ (let) your parents ________ (down). 2．Please ________ (describe) your dream home to me. 3．Please ________ (show) me your family photo. I want to see it. 4．________ (brush) your teeth twice a day. 5．__________ (not be) late for the DIY lesson. 6．________ (sit) under the shade of trees in summer and you may feel cool and refreshed. 7．You’d better ________ (stay) at home. It’s late now. 8．We’d better ________ (not search) for the answers to our homework online. 9．You’d better ________ (avoid) eating too much. It’s bad for your stomach. 10．You had better ________ (not watch) videos for hours every day. 11．We ________ (not, should) give up when we meet difficulties in the team. 12．We ________ (not play) mobile phones in class. We should focus on study. 13．She ________ (not watch) TV too late. She needs enough sleep. 14．It’s important ________ (keep) healthy. We ________ (should) eat more vegetables and fruit. 15．Why not let me ________ (show) my new friend around our classroom? 二、单项选择 16．As the saying goes, eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper (乞丐). So, ________ to have a good breakfast. A．remember B．to remember C．don’t remember D．not to remember 17．Don’t ________ yourself by giving up your dream. A．disappoint B．injured C．compete D．perform 18．Let’s ________ the flowers and trees now. A．counts B．counting C．count D．to count 19．Don’t do eye exercises ________ your eyes ________. It’s better to ________ your eyes ________. A．with; opened; keep; close B．keep; open; keep; close C．with; open; keep; closed D．keep; open; with; closed 20．Please ________ me for being late. I got stuck in traffic. A．pardon B．pardoning C．to pardon D．pardons 21．________ quiet and ________ loudly in the school library. A．Keep; don’t speak B．Keep; not speak C．Don’t keep; speak D．Keeping; don’t speak 22．Jim, ________ me a call as soon as you arrive in Beijing. A．give B．to give C．giving D．gives 23．Let’s ________ friends. A．are B．is C．be D．am 24．— I can’t remember all these new words. What should I do? — ________ them into small groups and review them every day. A．Divide B．Dividing C．To divide D．Divided 25．Wash your hands before meals, ________ you will feel clean and healthy. A．and B．but C．or D．so 26．It’s time ________ class. Please ________ your books. A．for; open B．to; opening C．for; opens D．to; open 27．Let’s ________ our ideas and make a better plan. A．discuss B．to discuss C．discussing D．discussed 28．________ table manners, or you will be laughed at by others. A．Follow B．Following C．To follow D．Followed 29．— Let’s ________ the school gate at 8 a.m. tomorrow for the trip. — OK. A．meet at B．to meet C．meeting D．meets 30．—Be quick, ________ we’ll miss the beginning of the film.         —Don’t worry. We still have ten minutes. A．and B．but C．or D．so 31．—I have a stomachache. —You ________ eat so much ice cream. A．shouldn’t B．should C．could D．would 32．—I have a terrible toothache and it hurts at night. —You ________ go to see a dentist as soon as possible. A．can’t B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 33．To organise your time well, I think you ________ spend too much time on video games. A．might B．should C．shouldn’t D．can 34．— Students ________ develop study skills in their learning. — Yes. These skills ________ help them in all of their courses. A．should; can’t B．shouldn’t; can’t C．should; can D．shouldn’t; can 35．— What should we do when difficulties come? — We should ________. A．give up quickly B．stick to our dreams C．wait for others only D．forget our goals 36．We'd better ________ what we spend our money on. Then we will know where our money goes. A．repair B．report C．record D．return 37．It’s dangerous for the children to get the medicine, so you’d better ________ it away ________ them. A．to hide; from B．hide; from C．to hide; for D．hide; for 38．—You’d better ________ the window closed all the time. —You’re right. It’s better ________ it and let fresh air in. A．keep; to open B．not to keep; to open C．not keep; open D．not keep; to open 39．You’d better ________ your teacher’s ________. It will help you a lot. A．take; advice B．take; advices C．taking; advice D．taking; advices 40．Nancy is your younger sister. You’d better ________ her. You should get on well with her. A．to argue to B．not to argue to C．argue with D．not argue with 三、完成句子 41．一定要努力，你的梦想会实现。 ________ ________ to work hard, and your dream will ________ ________. 42．让我们看看不同俱乐部里的人做什么。   Let’s ________ ________ what people do in different clubs. 43．不要吸烟，它对健康有害。 Don’t ________. It’s ________ to your health. 44．如果你在学习英语方面有困难，随时可以请求帮助。 If you have any difficulty in learning English, ________ ________ to ask for help. 45．别担心你的成绩，尽力就好。 Don’t ________ ________ your grades. Just do your best. 46．小心地上的铁轨。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ tracks on the ground. 47．不要厌倦日常锻炼。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ daily exercise. 48．坚持每天朗读英语，你就能够快速提升语感。 ________ ________ English aloud every day, and you will improve your sense of language quickly. 49．让我们享受在农场上的每一刻吧！ ________ ________ every moment on the farm! 50．授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。 Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. ________ a man to fish and you feed him for a ________. 51．我们应该为老人多做些事。 We ________ ________ more for the old people. 52．你不应该把乐趣放在安全之前。   You ________ ________ put fun before safety. 53．——我头疼。我今天不想去上班。——你应该去看医生。 — I ________ ________ ________. I don’t feel like ________ to work today. — You ________ go to see a doctor. 54．你最好每天多做运动。 You ________ ________ ________ more sports every day. 55．我们最好不要独自去山里徒步。 We ________ ________ ________ go hiking in the mountains ________ ________ ________. 四、句型转换 56．If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early train. → Hurry up, ________ you will miss the early train. → You will miss the early train ________ you hurry up. 57．If you don’t help others, you won’t get help from others. (改为同义句) ________ others, ________ you won’t get help from others. 58．You can’t swim in the river. (改为同义句) ________ ________ in the river. 59．We mustn’t run in the library. (改为同义句) ________ ________ in the library. 60．You shouldn’t stand too close to the river bank. (改为同义句) ________ ________ too close to the river bank. 61．Don’t be late for school.（同义句转换） You ________ ________ late for school. 62．We should follow public rules.（改为同义句） We ______ ______ follow public rules. 63．Don’t cut down trees. (同义句转换) You ________ ________ down trees. 64．Why not talk to your parents? (改为同义句) You ________ ________ to your parents. 65．Don’t move your leg for a week. (同义句转换) ________ ________ move your leg for a week. 66．We should build more national parks. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) —________ we build more national parks? —________, we ________. 67．We should connect new knowledge with old lessons. (改为一般疑问句) ________ you ________ new knowledge with old lessons? 68．He had better go there by bus.（改为否定句） He had better ________ ________ there by bus. 69．You had better keep healthy. (改为同义句) You ________ keep healthy. 70．You should eat more vegetables to stay healthy. (改为同义句) ________ ________ eat more vegetables to stay healthy. 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 1 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the chores. I used to make 2 mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother arrived home after work, I 3 rubbish on the floor. She got so angry at me. She said to me seriously, “You 4 do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 5 a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m a 6 middle school student. I have a labor (劳动) class at school once a week. The teacher teaches us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that doing housework is 7 difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret (后悔) what I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest 8 they come back from work. They are also proud (自豪的) of my changes. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 9 . Because it not only helps us learn many basic 10 , but also helps us develop good habits. 1．A．in B．to C．on D．with 2．A．/ B．the C．an D．a 3．A．am throwing B．was throwing C．will throw D．have thrown 4．A．couldn’t B．could C．shouldn’t D．should 5．A．provide B．to provide C．protect D．to protect 6．A．15-year-old B．15-years-old C．15 years-old D．15 years old 7．A．many B．much C．most D．more 8．A．unless B．when C．until D．although 9．A．ourselves B．we C．us D．our 10．A．risks B．risk C．skills D．skill 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Hobbies, health, emotions, and nature are all important parts of our life. Let’s see how they work together. First, hobbies can help us relax. My friend Tom loves 11 (paint). He says painting makes him feel calm when he is stressed. He 12 (practice) painting every weekend. Last year, he even 13 (win) a prize in a school competition. Second, health is the foundation of life. Last month, I had a cold. I had 14 fever and a sore throat. My mum told me I should 15 (take) some medicine and rest. She also said I should drink enough water. I followed her advice and felt better soon. Remember, we should take care of 16 (we). Third, emotions need to be handled properly. When you feel upset, you can talk to your friends or parents. My teacher once told me, “ 17 you have a fight with your friend, you should try to forgive him if he says sorry.” This advice helped me a lot. Finally, nature is amazing. Last summer, I visited the Yellow River 18 my family. It is one of the 19 (long) rivers in China. The scenery was so beautiful that I took many photos. In short, we should balance all parts of our life. Only in this way can we live a happy 20 meaningful life. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun核心语法精练 （祈使句及should与had better的用法） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 6 四、句型转换 7 7 一、语法选择 17 二、短文填空 19 祈使句 结构规则 典型例句 要点提示 肯定祈使句（Do 型） 实义动词原形 + 其他成分 ① Open the window, please. ② Be careful when crossing the road. ③ Have a good time! ① be 动词开头用原形 be，不能用 am/is/are ② 句首或句末可加 please 表委婉 Let 型祈使句 Let + 宾语（me/us/him/her/it/them）+ 动词原形 ① Let me help you. ② Let's go to the cinema tonight. ③ Let him finish the work alone. ① Let's 包含听话者，反义疑问句用 shall we ② Let us 不包含听话者，反义疑问句用 will you 否定祈使句 ① Don't + 动词原形 ② Never + 动词原形（语气更强） ① Don't make so much noise. ② Never play with fire. ③ Don't be late for school again. ① Don't 后必须接动词原形，be 动词也用原形 ② No + doing/n. 表禁止（No smoking!） 带主语的祈使句 主语（you / 名词）+ 动词原形（表强调、指明对象或训斥） ① You be quiet! ② Tom clean the blackboard today. ③ Don't you open the door. 主语后仍然接动词原形，不要加 s/es 祈使句特殊句型 祈使句 + and/or + 一般将来时陈述句 ① Work hard, and you will pass the exam. ② Hurry up, or you will miss the train. ① and 表顺承 "那么"；or 表 "否则" ② 该句型是中考单选必考点，常考连词选择 祈使句反义疑问句 祈使句 + will you? /won't you? ① Open the door, will you? ② Don't be late again, will you? ③ Let's go for a walk, shall we? ① 否定祈使句反义疑问只能用 will you ② Let's 用 shall we，其他 let 形式用 will you should和had better的用法 should 用法 had better 用法 核心含义 表 "应该、应当"，用于提出建议、劝告，或表达义务、责任，语气委婉礼貌 表 "最好做某事"，用于提出强烈建议或警告，暗含 "如果不做会有不好的后果"，语气较重 基本结构 should + 动词原形（无人称和数的变化） had better + 动词原形（had 可缩写为 'd better，无人称和数的变化） 肯定句例句 ① You should drink more hot water. ② We should protect the environment. ③ Students should finish homework on time. ① You had better see a doctor at once. ② It's going to rain. You 'd better take an umbrella. ③ We had better start right now. 否定句结构 should not = shouldn't + 动词原形 had better not + 动词原形（绝对不能说 hadn't better） 否定句例句 ① You shouldn't eat too much junk food. ② He shouldn't stay up too late. ① You had better not be late again. ② We had better not waste time. 疑问句结构 Should + 主语 + 动词原形...? Had + 主语 + better + 动词原形...?（较少用） 疑问句例句 ① Should I take the medicine three times a day? ② What should we do next? ① Had we better leave early? ② You'd better go now, hadn't you? 适用场景 1. 一般性建议、劝告 2. 道德义务、责任 3. 对长辈、陌生人的礼貌建议 4. 表达 "按理应该" 1. 紧急情况下的强烈建议 2. 长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的警告 3. 特定情境下的最优选择 4. 口语中熟人之间的提醒 语气对比 You should wear more clothes.（建议：多穿点衣服） You'd better wear more clothes, or you'll catch a cold.（警告：你最好多穿点，不然会感冒） 易错点警示： 错误：You had better to go now. 正确：You had better go now.（had better 后接动词原形，无 to） 错误：You hadn't better tell him the news. 正确：You had better not tell him the news.（否定形式是 had better not） 错误：You should better study hard. 正确：You should study hard. / You had better study hard.（should 和 had better 不能混用） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Don’t ______ (let) your parents ________ (down). 2．Please ________ (describe) your dream home to me. 3．Please ________ (show) me your family photo. I want to see it. 4．________ (brush) your teeth twice a day. 5．__________ (not be) late for the DIY lesson. 6．________ (sit) under the shade of trees in summer and you may feel cool and refreshed. 7．You’d better ________ (stay) at home. It’s late now. 8．We’d better ________ (not search) for the answers to our homework online. 9．You’d better ________ (avoid) eating too much. It’s bad for your stomach. 10．You had better ________ (not watch) videos for hours every day. 11．We ________ (not, should) give up when we meet difficulties in the team. 12．We ________ (not play) mobile phones in class. We should focus on study. 13．She ________ (not watch) TV too late. She needs enough sleep. 14．It’s important ________ (keep) healthy. We ________ (should) eat more vegetables and fruit. 15．Why not let me ________ (show) my new friend around our classroom? 二、单项选择 16．As the saying goes, eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper (乞丐). So, ________ to have a good breakfast. A．remember B．to remember C．don’t remember D．not to remember 17．Don’t ________ yourself by giving up your dream. A．disappoint B．injured C．compete D．perform 18．Let’s ________ the flowers and trees now. A．counts B．counting C．count D．to count 19．Don’t do eye exercises ________ your eyes ________. It’s better to ________ your eyes ________. A．with; opened; keep; close B．keep; open; keep; close C．with; open; keep; closed D．keep; open; with; closed 20．Please ________ me for being late. I got stuck in traffic. A．pardon B．pardoning C．to pardon D．pardons 21．________ quiet and ________ loudly in the school library. A．Keep; don’t speak B．Keep; not speak C．Don’t keep; speak D．Keeping; don’t speak 22．Jim, ________ me a call as soon as you arrive in Beijing. A．give B．to give C．giving D．gives 23．Let’s ________ friends. A．are B．is C．be D．am 24．— I can’t remember all these new words. What should I do? — ________ them into small groups and review them every day. A．Divide B．Dividing C．To divide D．Divided 25．Wash your hands before meals, ________ you will feel clean and healthy. A．and B．but C．or D．so 26．It’s time ________ class. Please ________ your books. A．for; open B．to; opening C．for; opens D．to; open 27．Let’s ________ our ideas and make a better plan. A．discuss B．to discuss C．discussing D．discussed 28．________ table manners, or you will be laughed at by others. A．Follow B．Following C．To follow D．Followed 29．— Let’s ________ the school gate at 8 a.m. tomorrow for the trip. — OK. A．meet at B．to meet C．meeting D．meets 30．—Be quick, ________ we’ll miss the beginning of the film.         —Don’t worry. We still have ten minutes. A．and B．but C．or D．so 31．—I have a stomachache. —You ________ eat so much ice cream. A．shouldn’t B．should C．could D．would 32．—I have a terrible toothache and it hurts at night. —You ________ go to see a dentist as soon as possible. A．can’t B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 33．To organise your time well, I think you ________ spend too much time on video games. A．might B．should C．shouldn’t D．can 34．— Students ________ develop study skills in their learning. — Yes. These skills ________ help them in all of their courses. A．should; can’t B．shouldn’t; can’t C．should; can D．shouldn’t; can 35．— What should we do when difficulties come? — We should ________. A．give up quickly B．stick to our dreams C．wait for others only D．forget our goals 36．We'd better ________ what we spend our money on. Then we will know where our money goes. A．repair B．report C．record D．return 37．It’s dangerous for the children to get the medicine, so you’d better ________ it away ________ them. A．to hide; from B．hide; from C．to hide; for D．hide; for 38．—You’d better ________ the window closed all the time. —You’re right. It’s better ________ it and let fresh air in. A．keep; to open B．not to keep; to open C．not keep; open D．not keep; to open 39．You’d better ________ your teacher’s ________. It will help you a lot. A．take; advice B．take; advices C．taking; advice D．taking; advices 40．Nancy is your younger sister. You’d better ________ her. You should get on well with her. A．to argue to B．not to argue to C．argue with D．not argue with 三、完成句子 41．一定要努力，你的梦想会实现。 ________ ________ to work hard, and your dream will ________ ________. 42．让我们看看不同俱乐部里的人做什么。   Let’s ________ ________ what people do in different clubs. 43．不要吸烟，它对健康有害。 Don’t ________. It’s ________ to your health. 44．如果你在学习英语方面有困难，随时可以请求帮助。 If you have any difficulty in learning English, ________ ________ to ask for help. 45．别担心你的成绩，尽力就好。 Don’t ________ ________ your grades. Just do your best. 46．小心地上的铁轨。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ tracks on the ground. 47．不要厌倦日常锻炼。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ daily exercise. 48．坚持每天朗读英语，你就能够快速提升语感。 ________ ________ English aloud every day, and you will improve your sense of language quickly. 49．让我们享受在农场上的每一刻吧！ ________ ________ every moment on the farm! 50．授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。 Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. ________ a man to fish and you feed him for a ________. 51．我们应该为老人多做些事。 We ________ ________ more for the old people. 52．你不应该把乐趣放在安全之前。   You ________ ________ put fun before safety. 53．——我头疼。我今天不想去上班。——你应该去看医生。 — I ________ ________ ________. I don’t feel like ________ to work today. — You ________ go to see a doctor. 54．你最好每天多做运动。 You ________ ________ ________ more sports every day. 55．我们最好不要独自去山里徒步。 We ________ ________ ________ go hiking in the mountains ________ ________ ________. 四、句型转换 56．If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early train. → Hurry up, ________ you will miss the early train. → You will miss the early train ________ you hurry up. 57．If you don’t help others, you won’t get help from others. (改为同义句) ________ others, ________ you won’t get help from others. 58．You can’t swim in the river. (改为同义句) ________ ________ in the river. 59．We mustn’t run in the library. (改为同义句) ________ ________ in the library. 60．You shouldn’t stand too close to the river bank. (改为同义句) ________ ________ too close to the river bank. 61．Don’t be late for school.（同义句转换） You ________ ________ late for school. 62．We should follow public rules.（改为同义句） We ______ ______ follow public rules. 63．Don’t cut down trees. (同义句转换) You ________ ________ down trees. 64．Why not talk to your parents? (改为同义句) You ________ ________ to your parents. 65．Don’t move your leg for a week. (同义句转换) ________ ________ move your leg for a week. 66．We should build more national parks. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) —________ we build more national parks? —________, we ________. 67．We should connect new knowledge with old lessons. (改为一般疑问句) ________ you ________ new knowledge with old lessons? 68．He had better go there by bus.（改为否定句） He had better ________ ________ there by bus. 69．You had better keep healthy. (改为同义句) You ________ keep healthy. 70．You should eat more vegetables to stay healthy. (改为同义句) ________ ________ eat more vegetables to stay healthy. 参考答案 一、 1． let down 【解析】句意：不要让你的父母失望。let sb. down “使某人失望、辜负某人” ，固定短语；否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形。 2．describe 【解析】句意：请向我描述你梦想中的家。此处句子是祈使句，“Please”后接动词原形。describe本身就是动词原形，意为“描述”，符合句意，故填describe。 3．show 【解析】句意：请给我看看你的全家福，我想看一看。本句是please引导的祈使句，祈使句谓语动词使用原形，因此填show。 4．Brush 【解析】句意：每天刷两次牙。原句为祈使句，需以动词原形开头，表示命令、建议。提示词brush本身为动词，位于句首首字母需大写。 5．Don’t be 【解析】句意：DIY手工课不要迟到。本句为否定祈使句，祈使句否定形式结构为Don’t + 动词原形。所给提示not be，be是动词原形，前面加Don’t构成否定祈使句。 6．Sit 【解析】句意：夏天坐在树荫下，你会觉得凉爽又清爽。本句是“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”固定句型，祈使句以动词原形开头，因此填Sit（首字母大写）。 7．stay 【解析】句意：你最好待在家。现在很晚了。had better后接动词原形，stay“停留”，动词，此处用原形即可。 8．not search 【解析】句意：我们最好不要在网上搜索作业的答案。句中“We’d better”是“We had better”的缩写，“had better (not) do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“最好（不）做某事”，后接动词原形。根据括号内提示，此处需填入否定形式的动词原形，故填not search。 9．avoid 【解析】句意：你最好避免吃太多。这对你的胃不好。“had better”（缩写为’d better）后接动词原形，意为“最好做某事”，故填avoid。 10．not watch 【解析】句意：你最好不要每天看几个小时视频。watch意为“观看”，是动词。had better do sth为固定搭配，表示“最好做某事”，否定形式为had better not do sth。故填not watch。 11．shouldn’t 【解析】句意：在团队遇到困难时我们不应该放弃。本句语境是对团队成员提出劝告，should为情态动词，否定形式直接在后面加not，缩写形式是shouldn’t。 12．shouldn’t play 【解析】句意：我们在课堂上不应该玩手机，应该专注于学习。括号内单词提示“not play”，结合语境，此处表达课堂上的禁止行为，应使用情态动词 should的否定形式，故填shouldn’t play。 13．shouldn’t watch 【解析】句意：她不应该看电视太晚，她需要充足的睡眠。根据后一句“She needs enough sleep”可知，此处表示“不应该做某事”，用情态动词should的否定形式shouldn’t，后接动词原形watch。故填shouldn’t watch。 14． to keep should 【解析】句意：保持健康很重要，我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果。固定句型It's important to do sth.表示“做某事很重要”，故第一空填to keep；情态动词should无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。故填to keep；should。 15．show 【解析】句意：为什么不让我带我的新朋友参观我们的教室呢？分析句子结构，空格在使役动词let及代词me之后作宾语补足语，“let sb. do sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，使役动词let后需接不带to的动词不定式（即动词原形）。 二、 16．A 【解析】句意：俗话说，早餐吃得像国王，午餐吃得像王子，晚餐吃得像乞丐。所以，记得要吃好早餐。 谚语建议早餐要吃好，此处是给对方提出建议，应用祈使句，以动词原形开头。应填remember。 17．A 【解析】句意：不要因为放弃梦想而让自己失望。 disappoint使失望；injured受伤的（形容词 / 过去式）；compete竞争；perform表演、执行。结合“giving up your dream（放弃梦想）”的语境，放弃梦想会令自己失望，且disappoint为动词原形符合语法要求，选A。 18．C 【解析】句意：我们现在来数一数花草树木吧。 固定句型Let’s do sth.后接动词原形，表示提议一起做某事，因此填count。 19．C 【解析】句意：不要睁着眼睛做眼保健操。最好保持眼睛闭着。 第一空表示伴随状态，应用介词with，构成“with+宾语+宾补”结构，排除B、D；第二空open作形容词表示“开着的”，作宾补；第三空不定式符号to后接动词原形keep；第四空表示眼睛“闭着的”状态，应用形容词closed作宾补，close作形容词意为“近的”，不符合语境，排除A。故选C。 20．A 【解析】句意：请原谅我迟到了。我遇上交通堵塞了。 根据“Please ________ me for being late.”可知，Please引导祈使句，表示请求，谓语动词应用原形pardon。 21．A 【解析】句意：在学校图书馆保持安静并且不要大声说话。 第一空表示肯定祈使，用动词原形Keep，Keep quiet意为“保持安静”；第二空表示否定祈使，用don’t加动词原形，don’t speak loudly意为“不要大声说话”。 22．A 【解析】句意：吉姆，你一到北京就给我打个电话。 本句是祈使句，表示请求或命令，谓语动词需用原形开头，句首称呼语不影响句子结构。故选give。 23．C 【解析】句意：让我们成为朋友吧。 Let’s do sth意为“让我们做某事”，Let后接动词原形，be动词的原形为be。 24．A 【解析】句意：—— 我记不住所有这些新单词。我该怎么办？—— 把它们分成小组，每天复习。 根据题干“… them into small groups”是提出建议的祈使句，应用动词原形开头，应填Divide。 25．A 【解析】句意：饭前洗手，那么你会感到干净和健康。 and和，那么；but但是；or或者，否则；so所以。根据前半句是祈使句，后半句是一般将来时，且前后表示顺承关系，即“做某事，就会有好结果”，符合“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构。应填and。 26．A 【解析】句意：是该上课的时候了。请打开你们的书。 It’s time for sth.为固定句型，表示“该做某事了”，第一空应用for；第二空祈使句以Please开头后接动词原形，应用open。 27．A 【解析】句意：让我们讨论我们的想法，制定一个更好的计划。 “Let’s+动词原形”是固定结构，意为“让我们做某事”，此处需用动词原形discuss。 28．A 【解析】句意：遵守餐桌礼仪，否则你会被别人嘲笑。 此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，表示“做某事，否则……”，祈使句应以动词原形开头。应填Follow。 29．A 【解析】句意：—— 我们明天早上 8 点在校门口见面去旅行吧。——好的。 Let’s后接动词原形，构成“Let’s do sth.”结构，表示建议。B项是不定式，C项是动名词或现在分词，D项是第三人称单数形式，均不符合语法要求。A项meet为动词原形，且meet at后接地点表示“在某地见面”，符合语境。 30．C 【解析】句意：——快点，否则我们会错过电影的开头。——别担心。我们还有十分钟。 and和；but但是；or否则；so所以。根据“祈使句+连词+陈述句”结构，后半句表示如果不执行祈使句动作会发生的负面结果，用or表示“否则”。 31．A 【解析】句意：——我肚子疼。——你不应该吃这么多冰淇淋。 shouldn’t不应该；should应该；could可以；would将会。根据“I have a stomachache.”可知对方身体不适，吃太多冰淇淋是不明智的行为，此处表示建议或责备，应用否定形式，故选shouldn’t。 32．B 【解析】句意：——我牙疼得厉害，晚上疼。——你应该尽快去看牙医。 can’t不能；should应该；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“I have a terrible toothache”可知说话人身体不舒服，答语应是给出建议，“should”常用于提出建议，符合语境。 33．C 【解析】句意：为了合理安排时间，我认为你不应该在电子游戏上花费太多时间。 might可能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该；can能。根据“To organise your time well”可知，为了合理安排时间，建议不该花太多时间玩游戏，故用shouldn’t。 34．C 【解析】句意：——学生应该在学习中培养学习技能。——是的。这些技能能够在他们所有的课程中帮助到他们。 should应该；can能；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。第一空表示建议，意为“应该”，应用should；第二空根据答语“Yes”可知为肯定含义，表示“能”，应用can。 35．B 【解析】句意：——当困难来临时我们应该做什么？——我们应该坚持我们的梦想。 give up quickly迅速放弃；stick to our dreams坚持我们的梦想；wait for others only只等待别人；forget our goals忘记我们的目标。结合语境可知，面对困难我们应当坚持梦想。应选stick to our dreams。 36．C 【解析】句意：我们最好记录我们把钱花在哪里了。这样我们就知道钱去哪了。 repair修理；report报告；record记录；return归还。根据后句“Then we will know where our money goes.”可知，为了清楚钱的去向，应该把花费情况记录下来。 37．B 【解析】句意：孩子们拿到药很危险，所以你最好把它藏起来不让他们拿到。 for为了；from从。had better后接动词原形，表示“最好做某事”；hide sth away from sb意为“把某物藏起来不让某人拿到”。 38．D 【解析】句意：——你最好不要一直关着窗户。——你说得对。最好打开它，让新鲜空气进来。 第一空，题干是had better do sth.结构，表示“最好做某事”，否定形式为had better not do，应用not keep；第二空，题干是It is better to do sth.结构，表示“最好做某事”，应用to open；应填not keep; to open。 39．A 【解析】句意：你最好采纳你老师的建议。这会对你有很大帮助。 空格前“had better”后接动词原形，因此第一空填take。“advice”为不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此第二空填 advice。 40．D 【解析】句意：南希是你的妹妹。你最好不要和她争吵。你应该和她好好相处。 根据后句“You should get on well with her。”可知，此处是在建议对方“最好不要和她吵架”。表示“和某人争吵”的固定搭配为“argue with sb.”；且固定短语“had better”后必须接动词原形，其否定形式为had better not+动词原形“最好不要做某事”，应填not argue with。 三、 41． Make sure come true 【解析】原句中“一定要”和“实现”是关键词，表示“一定要”的固定短语是make sure，本句为祈使句，句首动词用原形，句首字母大写；“实现”对应的固定短语是come true，will是情态动词，后面接动词原形。故填Make；sure；come；true。 42． find out 【解析】原句中“看看”是关键词，对应的短语是find out，本句是祈使句，Let’s后加动词原形。 43． smoke harmful 【解析】原句中 “吸烟、有害” 是关键词。Don’t后接动词原形，“吸烟”用smoke，固定短语be harmful to表示 “对……有害”。 44． feel free 【解析】原句中“随时可以”是关键词，对应英文固定搭配feel free to do sth. 表示随时可以/尽管做某事；本句为条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，用动词原形开头。应填feel free。 45． worry about 【解析】原句中“担心”是关键词，对应的常用固定短语是worry about。这是祈使句的否定形式，Don’t后接动词原形，直接填入worry about即可。 46． Be careful of the railway 【解析】原句中“小心”和“铁轨”是关键词，形容词短语be careful of意为“小心”，railway tracks意为“铁轨”，其前用the表特指，结合语境，此处是提醒的语气，用祈使句，句首用动词原形。 47． be tired of 【解析】原句中“厌倦”是关键词，对应的英文固定短语是be tired of。本句为否定祈使句，以Don’t开头，后面必须接动词原形。be动词的原形是be，结合题目给出的三个空格，故填be；tired；of。 48． Keep reading 【解析】原句中“坚持”和“朗读”是关键词。①处：句子是祈使句，需要用动词原形开头，表示“坚持”的单词是keep，句首首字母大写，因此填Keep；②处：固定搭配keep doing sth.，表示“坚持做某事”。动词keep后面要接动名词形式，所以“朗读”用reading。 49． Let’s enjoy 【解析】原句中“让我们享受”是关键，根据中文“让我们……吧”，可知是祈使句句型：Let’s do sth.。“享受”的英文动词是enjoy。Let’s后必须接动词原形。 50． Teach lifetime 【解析】原句中“授人以渔”对应谚语固定表达，前后句式结构保持一致，前半句动词为原形“Give”，第一空处也使用动词原形Teach；第二空处需填名词与前句“a day”形成时间长短的对比，意为“一生”。固定搭配for a lifetime，故填lifetime。故填Teach； lifetime。 51． should do 【解析】原句中“应该”和“做”是关键，表示“应该”的情态动词是should，其后接动词原形；表示“做”的动词是do。 52． should not 【解析】原句中“不应该”是关键词，对应语义需要情态动词should的否定结构，本句为陈述性语气，分成两个空填写，故填should；not。 53． have a headache going should 【解析】原句中“头疼”对应的英文表达是have a headache，本句为一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形；“去上班”是go to work，feel like doing sth. 表示“想要做某事”，介词like后面接动词的-ing形式going。 原句中“应该”是关键词，表示“应该”的情态动词是should。 54． had better do 【解析】原句中“最好”是关键词，对应的固定句型是“had better do sth”，意为“最好做某事”，该句型中“had better”后必须接动词原形，do more sports“多做运动”。 55． had better not on our own 【解析】原文中“最好不要、独自”是关键词，表示“最好不要”的短语是had better (not) do sth.；表示“独自”的介词短语是on one’s own，主语是We，形容词性物主代词需用our。 四、 56． or unless 【解析】句意：如果你不快点，你将错过早班火车。第一空：考查“祈使句, or+一般将来时的陈述句”结构，意为“……，否则……”，相当于“if you don’t…”引导的否定条件句；第二空：考查连词unless的用法。unless意为“除非，如果不”，相当于“if…not”。应填or；unless。 57． Help or 【解析】句意： 如果你不帮助别人，你就不会得到别人的帮助。原句为if引导的条件状语从句，可用“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构改同义句，即“帮助别人，否则就不会得到别人的帮助”；祈使句以动词原形开头，第一空填Help，句首首字母大写；第二空填or，意为“否则”，符合语境。 58． Don’t swim 【解析】句意：你不能在河里游泳。原句“You can’t swim”表禁止，同义表达可用祈使句否定结构Don’t do sth.，don’t后接动词原形swim。 59． No/Don’t running/run 【解析】句意：我们禁止在图书馆奔跑。原句是含情态动词mustn’t（禁止）的陈述句，表达场所禁止行为，可转换为否定祈使句。否定祈使句结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”，don’t后必须搭配动词原形run；另一种标识句式“No + 动名词”，即No running，两种均表禁止。mustn’t表示禁止，与否定祈使句语义一致。 60． Don’t stand 【解析】句意：你不应该站得离河岸太近。原句中“shouldn’t”表示“不应该”，同义句可用“Don’t stand”表示禁止，祈使句否定形式。句首单词首字母需大写。 61． shouldn’t be 【解析】句意：上学不要迟到。原句是表劝告、禁止的否定祈使句，用来规劝对方不要上学迟到。空格前主语为You，需要用情态动词来表达劝告含义，shouldn’t意为“不应该”，情态动词后面必须接动词原形be。 62． ought to 【解析】句意 我们应该遵守公共规则。将原句和改后句子对比，关键词是“should”，意思是“应该”，其后跟动词原形，需要用两个词进行同义替换，ought to符合。ought to应该，后跟动词原形。 63． shouldn’t cut 【解析】句意：不要砍伐树木。同义句转换，将祈使句的否定式转换为含有情态动词的否定陈述句。shouldn’t cut“不应该砍伐”，情态动词“should”后接动词原形“cut”。故填shouldn’t；cut。 64． should talk 【解析】句意：为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？改为同义句，应用“should+动词原形”表示建议，意为“应该做某事”。“should”表示“应该”，“talk to your parents”表示“和你的父母谈谈”。故填should；talk。 65． You shouldn’t 【解析】句意：一个星期内不要动你的腿。换句话就是：“一周内你不应该动你的腿。”you“你”；shouldn’t“不应该”，情态动词。故填You；shouldn’t。 66． Should No shouldn’t 【解析】句意： 我们应该建立更多的国家公园。句子含有情态动词should。改为一般疑问句时，直接将should提至句首，首字母大写，谓语动词用原形build，句末加问号。作否定回答时，主语仍为we，在should后加not（缩写为shouldn’t）即可，即No, we shouldn’t.。 67． Should connect 【解析】句意：我们应该把新知识和旧课程联系起来。原句中含有情态动词should，改为一般疑问句时，需将should提前至句首，首字母大写；主语we变为you；情态动词后接动词原形connect。 68． not go 【解析】句意：他最好乘公共汽车去那里。had better的否定是had better not，其后加动词原形。故填not；go。 69．should/ought to 【解析】句意：你最好保持健康。替换had better（最好做某事），两句都表达“建议/应该做某事”的含义，should（应该做某事）用于提出建议，语义相近；ought to也表示“应该”，用来提出建议，且should和ought to后跟动词原形，符合句子语法。故填should/ought to。 70． You’d better 【解析】句意：你应该多吃蔬菜来保持健康。原句中should是情态动词，意为“应该”，表示建议。You’d better do sth.意为“你最好做某事”，也用于表达建议，可将原句中的You should替换为You’d better，故填You’d；better。 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 1 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the chores. I used to make 2 mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother arrived home after work, I 3 rubbish on the floor. She got so angry at me. She said to me seriously, “You 4 do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 5 a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m a 6 middle school student. I have a labor (劳动) class at school once a week. The teacher teaches us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that doing housework is 7 difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret (后悔) what I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest 8 they come back from work. They are also proud (自豪的) of my changes. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 9 . Because it not only helps us learn many basic 10 , but also helps us develop good habits. 1．A．in B．to C．on D．with 2．A．/ B．the C．an D．a 3．A．am throwing B．was throwing C．will throw D．have thrown 4．A．couldn’t B．could C．shouldn’t D．should 5．A．provide B．to provide C．protect D．to protect 6．A．15-year-old B．15-years-old C．15 years-old D．15 years old 7．A．many B．much C．most D．more 8．A．unless B．when C．until D．although 9．A．ourselves B．we C．us D．our 10．A．risks B．risk C．skills D．skill 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文主要讲了作者从不爱做家务到主动承担，明白了应学会独立，做家务有益成长。 1．句意：我认为我应该花时间在学业上以取得好成绩。 in在……里；to到；on在……上；with和。根据“spend my time...schoolwork”可知，此处指花时间在学业上，短语“spend time on sth.”表示“在某事上花费时间”，故选C。 2．句意：我过去常常弄得一团糟，把东西扔得到处都是。 /不填；the这/那个定冠词；an一个，不定冠词（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；a一个，不定冠词（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）。根据“make...mess”可知，此处是固定短语“make a mess”，表示“弄得一团糟”，故选D。 3．句意：有一天，当我妈妈下班回家时，我正在地板上扔垃圾。 am throwing现在进行时；was throwing过去进行时；will throw一般将来时；have thrown现在完成时。根据“when my mother arrived home after work”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，故选B。 4．句意：她严肃地对我说：“从现在起你应该每天做一些家务。” couldn’t不能；could能；shouldn’t不应该；should应该。根据“She got so angry at me.”可知，妈妈对作者乱扔垃圾的行为很生气，所以是要求作者应该做家务，故选D。 5．句意：我大声反驳：“在家里提供一 个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。” provide提供，动词原形；to provide提供，动词不定式；protect保护，动词原形；to protect保护，动词不定式。根据“it is the parents’ job...a clean and comfortable environment”可知，此处是指提供干净舒适的环境，考查句型“it is one’s job to do sth.”，意为“做某事是某人的职责”，故选B。 6．句意：现在我是一名15岁的中学生。 15-year-old15岁的；15-years-old错误形式；15 years-old错误形式；15 years old15岁。根据“a...middle school student”可知，此处需要复合形容词作定语，复合形容词中名词用单数形式，故选A。 7．句意：我明白做家务比我过去想象的要难。 many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，修饰不可数名词；most最，最高级；more更，比较级。根据“than I used to imagine”可知，此处应用比较级，故选D。 8．句意：我开始做更多的家务，这样我的父母下班回来时就能好好休息了。 unless除非；when当……时；until直到；although尽管。根据“my parents can have a good rest...they come back from work”可知，此处表示“当父母下班回来时”，应用连词when引导时间状语从句，故选B。 9．句意：在我看来，我们孩子应该独立，照顾好自己。 ourselves我们自己，反身代词；we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“we children should be independent and take care of...”可知，此处表示“照顾好我们自己”，主语是we，对应的反身代词是ourselves，故选A。 10．句意：因为这不仅帮助我们学习许多基本技能，还帮助我们养成好习惯。 risks风险，复数；risk风险，单数；skills技能，复数；skill技能，单数。根据“learn many basic...”可知，是学习基本生活技能，many后接可数名词复数，故选C。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Hobbies, health, emotions, and nature are all important parts of our life. Let’s see how they work together. First, hobbies can help us relax. My friend Tom loves 11 (paint). He says painting makes him feel calm when he is stressed. He 12 (practice) painting every weekend. Last year, he even 13 (win) a prize in a school competition. Second, health is the foundation of life. Last month, I had a cold. I had 14 fever and a sore throat. My mum told me I should 15 (take) some medicine and rest. She also said I should drink enough water. I followed her advice and felt better soon. Remember, we should take care of 16 (we). Third, emotions need to be handled properly. When you feel upset, you can talk to your friends or parents. My teacher once told me, “ 17 you have a fight with your friend, you should try to forgive him if he says sorry.” This advice helped me a lot. Finally, nature is amazing. Last summer, I visited the Yellow River 18 my family. It is one of the 19 (long) rivers in China. The scenery was so beautiful that I took many photos. In short, we should balance all parts of our life. Only in this way can we live a happy 20 meaningful life. 【答案】 11．painting 12．practices 13．won 14．a 15．take 16．ourselves 17．If 18．with 19．longest 20．and 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了爱好、健康、情绪、自然这四部分生活要素，阐述它们各自的作用以及彼此之间的联系，告诉我们要平衡生活的各个方面，过上幸福且有意义的生活。 11．句意：我的朋友汤姆热爱画画。固定搭配love doing sth.意为“热爱做某事”，因此动词paint要变为动名词形式。 12．句意：他每个周末都练习画画。句中时间标志词every weekend（每个周末），表明句子为一般现在时；主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 13．句意：去年，他甚至在学校比赛中赢得了奖项。句中时间标志词Last year（去年），表明句子为一般过去时，动词win要用过去式形式。 14．句意：我发烧了，并且喉咙痛。固定搭配have a fever意为“发烧”，为固定短语搭配。 15．句意：我妈妈告诉我我应该吃点药、好好休息。情态动词should后面必须接动词原形。 16．句意：记住，我们应该照顾好我们自己。固定搭配take care of oneself 意为“照顾某人自己”；主语是we，对应的反身代词为ourselves。 17．句意：我的老师曾经告诉我，“如果你和朋友吵架了，如果他道歉了，你应该试着原谅他。”此处引导条件状语从句，表达“如果”的含义，用连词If。 18．句意：去年夏天，我和我的家人游览了黄河。介词with意为“和……一起”，用来引出同行的人。 19．句意：它是中国最长的河流之一。固定结构one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最…… 之一”，因此long要变为最高级形式。 20．句意：只有用这种方式，我们才能过上幸福且有意义的生活。happy和meaningful是并列的两个形容词，用来共同修饰后面的名词life，用并列连词and连接。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $