摘要:
**基本信息**
本专项立足译林版教材,通过基础夯实与习题提升双层设计,系统构建可数与不可数名词辨析及数量词应用体系,提升语言运用能力与逻辑思维,适配小升初衔接需求。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|考点解读|原创题库|辨析核心依据|概念界定(单复数/数量词搭配)|
|核心知识点|7项规范|数量词搭配规则|规则推导(many/much等适用场景)|
|基础夯实|2类记忆表|具象化记忆策略|词汇积累(教材实证词分类)|
|习题提升|5类题型|综合应用方法|能力迁移(单选/填空/提问等场景)|
|易错点分析|4大易错点|语境判断技巧|难点突破(fish/noodles等特殊词)|
内容正文:
小学英语·小升初衔接系列(适配新版译林版)
🍞 专题05 可数名词 & 不可数名词 专项训练
原创题库·基础夯实+习题提升双层设计·逐题精讲解析答案
班级:______ 姓名:______ 日期:______ 得分:______
📖 考点解读
可数名词与不可数名词的辨析,是小升初考试中many/much、a/an/some选择题的核心依据——很多同学分不清water、rice这类不可数名词为什么不能加s、不能用an。本专题100%原创题库,不可数名词全部选用译林2013老版教材逐页核实过的真实词汇,先【基础夯实】把常见不可数名词记熟,再【习题提升】综合运用many/much/a/an/some的正确搭配,零基础打牢、拔高巩固双向适配。
🎯 核心知识点 + 答题规范
▸ ① 可数名词有单复数,前面能加数字/many/a few;不可数名词没有复数形式,前面用much/a little/a lot of。
例:many books(可数复数)/much water(不可数)
▸ ② a lot of/lots of/some 这三个词比较「万能」,可数、不可数名词都能用。
例:some bread(不可数)/some apples(可数复数)
▸ ③ 课本官方定义(四上Learning tips原文):有些名词是不可数的,不可数名词前一般不加a或an,也没有复数形式。
例:rice是教材唯一举例的不可数范例,对比a hamburger / two hamburgers(可数)
▸ ④ 常见不可数名词(饮食类,全部课本实证):water,milk,rice,bread,juice,tea,coffee,meat,homework,news。
例:Tea is popular in China. Coffee is popular in Western countries.(教材Culture time原文对比句)
▸ ⑤ 学科/语言类名词作学科名时不加冠词、无复数:English,Chinese,Maths,PE,Art,Music。
例:We have English, Chinese, Maths, Art, PE and Music.
▸ ⑥ 问数量的固定搭配:How many+可数名词复数;How much+不可数名词。
例:How much water do you need?
▸ ⑦ some/any的选择:肯定句用some;否定句和普通一般疑问句用any;但表示「请求/邀请」的疑问句(Can I have...? / Would you like...?)习惯仍用some。
例:There isn't any milk.(否定句)/Are there any students?(普通疑问句)/Can I have some rice?(请求,例外用some)
📌 可数 vs 不可数对照表:
可数名词
不可数名词
数量词
many / a few
much / a little
万能词
some / a lot of / lots of
some / a lot of / lots of
提问词
How many
How much
教材官方语法表格(教材原文分组,权威依据)
词语
不可数(不加s/es,2013老版六下Unit3 Grammar time)
bread / juice / meat / milk / rice / water
可数(加es,2013老版五下Unit6 Grammar time;2025新版三下Unit5"Note the number of nouns"语法页同款范例)
mango(es) / potato(es) / tomato(es)
⚠️ 常见易错点分析(做题前先看)
易错点①:money在2013老版教材全套8册翻遍零命中,暂列「拓展」词——现实生活和其他版本教材都常考,本专题仍会练到,但提醒自己这类词遇到不同版本教材要留心核对,不要凭一个版本没学过就断定不用记。
易错点②:fish要看语境——当「吃鱼」这种食物讲时不可数(I'd like some fish, please.),当「一条鱼」这种动物个体讲时可数(I caught a big fish! / two fish)。教材四上第41页原文就是「I'd like some fish, please.」和「I'd like an egg.」同页对比,一定要看句子在说「吃」还是「抓/看见」。
易错点③:egg从来没有不可数用法,全套教材永远是an egg / eggs,是最安全的可数名词参照物,如果哪道题让你判断egg是不可数,一定是错的。
易错点④:noodles教材只收录复数形式noodles,没有noodle单数用法,虽然长得像可数名词却按不可数方式使用(不能说a noodle),和rice是教材里配套出现的一组特殊词。
专项一 · 基础夯实①:常见不可数名词记忆表(写出中文意思)
英文
中文意思
💧 water
__________
🥛 milk
__________
🍚 rice
__________
🍞 bread
__________
🧃 juice
__________
🍵 tea
__________
☕ coffee
__________
📓 homework
__________
📰 news
__________
🍖 meat
__________
📌 学科/语言类不可数名词(四下Unit1整单元实证,作学科名不加冠词无复数):
英文
中文意思
🔤 English
__________
🀄 Chinese
__________
🔢 Maths
__________
⚽ PE
__________
🎨 Art
__________
🎵 Music
__________
专项二 · 基础夯实②:many还是much(共16题)
1. ____ books(书,可数复数)
2. ____ water(水,不可数)
3. ____ apples(苹果,可数复数)
4. ____ milk(牛奶,不可数)
5. ____ students(学生,可数复数)
6. ____ rice(米饭,不可数)
7. ____ eggs(鸡蛋,可数复数)
8. ____ juice(果汁,不可数)
9. ____ pens(钢笔,可数复数)
10. ____ bread(面包,不可数)
11. ____ friends(朋友,可数复数)
12. ____ tea(茶,不可数)
13. ____ chairs(椅子,可数复数)
14. ____ money(钱,不可数)
15. ____ dogs(狗,可数复数)
16. ____ homework(作业,不可数)
专项三 · 习题提升:根据句意,填入正确的数量词many/much/some/any等(共18题)
1. How __________ books do you have?
2. How __________ water do you need?
3. There isn't __________ milk in the bottle.(否定句,牛奶不可数)
4. There aren't __________ students in the room.(否定句,学生可数复数)
5. I have __________ homework today.(大量,homework不可数)
6. I'd like __________ bread.(面包,不可数)
7. Give me __________ apple, please.(一个,可数单数)
8. There is __________ juice in the glass.(果汁,不可数)
9. We need __________ eggs for the cake.(几个,可数复数)
10. __________ news made us happy.(一些,news虽然长得像复数其实是不可数名词,恒用单数)
11. Can I have __________ rice?(一些米饭,不可数)
12. There are __________ chairs in the classroom.(一些,可数复数)
13. 选择:How __________ money do you have? A. many B. much
14. 选择:I don't have __________ friends here. A. many B. much
15. 选择:There is __________ coffee in the cup. A. a B. some
16. 选择:I want __________ orange. A. an B. some
17. She drinks __________ milk every morning.(一些,牛奶不可数)
18. How __________ students are there in your class?(多少,学生可数复数)
📍 可数/不可数数量对划线部分提问·方法指导(做题前先看)
① 先看划线的数量词修饰的名词是可数复数还是不可数,再选How many还是How much提问,句子结构不变。
例:There are five apples in the basket. → How many apples are there in the basket?
② 名词本身不变(复数名词还是复数,不可数名词还是原形),只是把具体数量换成疑问词。
例:I have a little rice at home. → How much rice do you have at home?
专项四 · 对划线部分提问:How many/How much一词一空,be动词/助动词也要自己填(加下划线处为划线部分)
1. There is some water in the bottle. → __________ __________ water __________ there in the bottle?
2. There are five apples in the basket. → __________ __________ apples __________ there in the basket?
3. She has a little rice at home. → __________ __________ rice __________ she have at home?
4. There are ten students in the room. → __________ __________ students __________ there in the room?
5. She drinks some milk every morning. → __________ __________ milk __________ she drink every morning?
6. There are six eggs in the fridge. → __________ __________ eggs __________ there in the fridge?
7. He has a lot of homework today. → __________ __________ homework __________ he have today?
8. There are twenty books on the shelf. → __________ __________ books __________ there on the shelf?
9. He needs some bread for breakfast. → __________ __________ bread __________ he need for breakfast?
10. There are three chairs in the classroom. → __________ __________ chairs __________ there in the classroom?
11. We drink a little juice every day. → __________ __________ juice __________ you drink every day?
12. There are forty students in our class. → __________ __________ students __________ there in our class?
13. He doesn't have much money with him. → __________ __________ money __________ he have with him?
14. There are two boxes on the floor. → __________ __________ boxes __________ there on the floor?
15. She eats some meat every week. → __________ __________ meat __________ she eat every week?
16. There are nine oranges in the bag. → __________ __________ oranges __________ there in the bag?
专项五 · 用所给词的适当形式填空(共20题,判断要不要加s/加a-an,还是原形不变)
1. There is __________ on the table.(apple,可数单数)
2. I have a lot of __________ in my bag.(book,可数复数)
3. We need a few __________ for the party.(chair,可数复数)
4. There aren't many __________ in the classroom.(student,可数复数)
5. There are some __________ in the fridge.(egg,可数复数)
6. There are two __________ on the floor.(box,可数复数,注意x结尾加es)
7. Would you like __________?(banana,可数单数,注意b是辅音开头)
8. She has __________ in her bag.(orange,可数单数,注意元音开头)
9. How many __________ do you have?(pen,可数复数)
10. There is __________ on the table.(cup,可数单数)
11. There isn't much __________ in the bottle.(water,不可数,原形不变)
12. Is there any __________ in the fridge?(milk,不可数,原形不变)
13. I'd like some __________ for breakfast.(bread,不可数,原形不变)
14. We don't have much __________ at home.(rice,不可数,原形不变)
15. She has a lot of __________ today.(homework,不可数,原形不变)
16. He doesn't have much __________ with him.(money,不可数,原形不变)
17. There is too much __________ this summer.(rain,不可数,原形不变)
18. There isn't much __________ this winter.(snow,不可数,原形不变)
19. Would you like some __________?(juice,不可数,原形不变)
20. I need a piece of __________.(paper,不可数,原形不变)
专项六 · 用所给词的适当形式填空(不带提示,判断要不要加s/加a-an,还是原形不变,共30题)
1. There are many __________ in the basket.(apple)
2. I need three __________ for my project.(book)
3. We have four __________ in the kitchen.(chair)
4. How many __________ are in your class?(student)
5. She bought a dozen __________.(egg)
6. There are five __________ under the bed.(box)
7. He wants two __________.(banana)
8. There is __________ on the plate.(orange)
9. Are there any __________ on the desk?(pen)
10. There is only __________ left.(cup)
11. There isn't much __________ left in the fridge.(water)
12. Is there any __________ in the glass?(milk)
13. Would you like a piece of __________?(bread)
14. He doesn't eat much __________.(rice)
15. I have too much __________ tonight.(homework)
16. She doesn't have much __________ with her.(money)
17. There was a lot of __________ yesterday.(rain)
18. We didn't have much __________ last winter.(snow)
19. Can I have some __________?(juice)
20. I need two pieces of __________.(paper)
21. Would you like some __________?(tea)
22. There isn't much __________ in the cup.(coffee)
23. She doesn't eat much __________.(meat)
24. Is there any __________ about the game?(news)
25. There are a lot of __________ in this shop.(mango)
26. We grow many __________ in the garden.(potato)
27. My grandma has three __________ in the garden.(tomato)
28. There aren't many __________ in the park.(dog)
29. I don't have many __________ here.(friend)
30. There is __________ on the chair.(pen)
专项七 · 对话补全(填How many/how much/some/any)共30题)
1. —How __________ apples do you want? —Five, please.
2. —How __________ water is there in the bottle? —Not much.
3. —Do you have __________ homework today? —Yes, a lot.
4. —Is there __________ milk left? —No, none.
5. —Can I have __________ bread? —Sure, here you are.
6. —How __________ money do you need? —About ten yuan.
7. —Are there __________ students in the library? —Yes, many.
8. —Would you like __________ tea? —Yes, please.
9. —How __________ eggs are there in the fridge? —Six.
10. —Would you like __________ juice? —Yes, a little.
11. —How __________ rice do you eat every day? —Not much.
12. —Are there __________ chairs in the room? —Yes, ten.
13. —How __________ friends do you have here? —Three.
14. —Is there __________ coffee in the cup? —Yes, a little.
15. —Do you need __________ pens for class? —Yes, two.
16. —How __________ books are on the desk? —Many.
17. —Would you like __________ meat? —No, thanks.
18. —Is there __________ news about the game? —Not yet.
19. —How __________ dogs are there in the park? —Four.
20. —Can I have __________ tea, please? —Sure.
21. —How __________ oranges are there in the bowl? —There are six.
22. —Is there __________ butter left? —Yes, a little.
23. —How __________ potatoes do you need? —I need four.
24. —Are there __________ tomatoes in the bag? —Yes, a few.
25. —How __________ homework do you have tonight? —Not much.
26. —Would you like __________ soup? —Yes, please.
27. —How __________ mangoes did you buy? —I bought five.
28. —Is there __________ sugar in the jar? —Yes, a lot.
29. —How __________ eggs does the recipe need? —It needs six.
30. —Are there __________ students absent today? —No, none.
🧩 专项八 · 连词成句:把下列单词连成一句通顺的话(共15题)
1. water / need / much / how / you / do(?) → _____________________________________________
2. eggs / need / some / we(.) → __________________________________________________________
3. bottle / milk / in the / isn't / any / there(.) → _____________________________________
4. students / many / how / are / there / in your class(?) → ______________________________
5. bread / like / some / I'd(.) → ________________________________________________________
6. money / much / he / have / doesn't(.) → _______________________________________________
7. rice / like / much / very / I(.) → ____________________________________________________
8. potatoes / a few / need / we(.) → _____________________________________________________
9. tea / much / how / left / is(?) → _____________________________________________________
10. friends / many / doesn't / have / she(.) → ___________________________________________
11. juice / some / have / can / I(?) → ___________________________________________________
12. homework / a lot of / has / today / he(.) → __________________________________________
13. oranges / a few / bought / she(.) → __________________________________________________
14. coffee / much / how / left / is(?) → _________________________________________________
15. news / good / some / is / there(.) → _________________________________________________
精讲解析答案(请勿与题目同页发给学生)
每一题都单独给出理由,不是只挑几道典型题讲解。
专项一
1. 水
2. 牛奶
3. 米饭
4. 面包
5. 果汁
6. 茶
7. 咖啡
8. 家庭作业
9. 消息/新闻
10. 肉
学科类补充
1. 英语
2. 语文/中文
3. 数学
4. 体育
5. 美术
6. 音乐
专项二
1. many——books可数复数,用many。
2. much——water不可数,用much。
3. many——apples可数复数,用many。
4. much——milk不可数,用much。
5. many——students可数复数,用many。
6. much——rice不可数,用much。
7. many——eggs可数复数,用many。
8. much——juice不可数,用much。
9. many——pens可数复数,用many。
10. much——bread不可数,用much。
11. many——friends可数复数,用many。
12. much——tea不可数,用much。
13. many——chairs可数复数,用many。
14. much——money不可数,用much。
15. many——dogs可数复数,用many。
16. much——homework不可数,用much。
专项三
1. many——books可数复数,问数量用many。
2. much——water不可数,问数量用much。
3. any——否定句中不可数名词milk前用any。
4. many——students可数复数,否定句用many。
5. a lot of——homework不可数,「大量」用a lot of,可数不可数都能用。
6. some——bread不可数,不能用a/an,用some。
7. an——apple元音开头可数单数,用an。
8. some——juice不可数,用some。
9. some——eggs可数复数,用some。
10. Some——news虽然长得像复数,其实是不可数名词,用Some修饰,恒用单数动词。
11. some——rice不可数,用some。
12. some——chairs可数复数,用some。
13. B——money不可数,用much。
14. A——friends可数复数,用many。
15. B——coffee不可数,不能用a,用some。
16. A——orange是可数单数,元音开头用an。
17. some——milk不可数,用some修饰。
18. many——students可数复数,用many。
专项四·对划线部分提问
1. How / much / is——划线是不可数数量(some),water不可数用How much(一词一空);there be疑问句用is。
2. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(five),apples可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
3. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(a little),rice不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
4. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(ten),students可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
5. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(some),milk不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
6. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(six),eggs可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
7. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(a lot of),homework不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
8. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(twenty),books可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
9. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(some),bread不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
10. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(three),chairs可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
11. How / much / do——划线是不可数数量(a little),juice不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用do。
12. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(forty),students可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
13. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(much),money不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
14. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(two),boxes可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
15. How / much / does——划线是不可数数量(some),meat不可数用How much(一词一空);一般现在时疑问句用does。
16. How / many / are——划线是可数数量(nine),oranges可数复数用How many(一词一空);there be疑问句用are。
专项五
1. an apple——apple可数单数,元音开头用an。
2. books——book可数,a lot of后接复数books。
3. chairs——chair可数,a few后接复数chairs。
4. students——student可数,many后接复数students。
5. eggs——egg可数,some后接复数eggs。
6. boxes——box可数,x结尾加es变boxes。
7. a banana——banana可数单数,b是辅音开头用a。
8. an orange——orange可数单数,元音开头用an。
9. pens——pen可数,how many后接复数pens。
10. a cup——cup可数单数,用a。
11. water——不可数名词,没有复数形式,原形不变。
12. milk——不可数名词,原形不变。
13. bread——不可数名词,原形不变。
14. rice——不可数名词,原形不变。
15. homework——不可数名词,原形不变。
16. money——不可数名词,原形不变。
17. rain——不可数名词,原形不变。
18. snow——不可数名词,原形不变。
19. juice——不可数名词,原形不变。
20. paper——不可数名词,原形不变。
专项六
1. apples——可数复数,many后接复数。
2. books——可数复数,three后接复数。
3. chairs——可数复数,four后接复数。
4. students——可数复数,how many后接复数。
5. eggs——可数复数,a dozen(一打)后接复数。
6. boxes——可数复数,x结尾加es,five后接复数。
7. bananas——可数复数,two后接复数。
8. an orange——可数单数,orange元音开头用an。
9. pens——可数复数,any后接复数。
10. a cup——可数单数,cup辅音开头用a。
11. water——不可数名词,原形不变。
12. milk——不可数名词,原形不变。
13. bread——不可数名词,原形不变。
14. rice——不可数名词,原形不变。
15. homework——不可数名词,原形不变。
16. money——不可数名词,原形不变。
17. rain——不可数名词,原形不变。
18. snow——不可数名词,原形不变。
19. juice——不可数名词,原形不变。
20. paper——不可数名词,原形不变。
21. tea——不可数名词,原形不变。
22. coffee——不可数名词,原形不变。
23. meat——不可数名词,原形不变。
24. news——不可数名词,原形不变,虽然长得像复数。
25. mangoes——可数复数,mango以o结尾加es。
26. potatoes——可数复数,potato以o结尾加es。
27. tomatoes——可数复数,tomato以o结尾加es。
28. dogs——可数复数,aren't many后接复数。
29. friends——可数复数,don't have many后接复数。
30. a pen——可数单数,pen辅音开头用a。
专项七
1. many——apples可数复数,用many。
2. much——water不可数,用much。
3. any——普通信息提问句(不是邀请/请求),用any。
4. any——一般疑问句milk不可数用any。
5. some——Can I have...?是请求句型,固定用some。
6. much——money不可数,用much。
7. any——一般疑问句students可数复数用any。
8. some——Would you like...?是邀请句型,固定用some。
9. many——eggs可数复数,用many。
10. some——Would you like...?是邀请句型,固定用some。
11. much——rice不可数,用much。
12. any——一般疑问句chairs可数复数用any。
13. many——friends可数复数,用many。
14. any——一般疑问句coffee不可数用any。
15. any——一般疑问句pens可数复数用any。
16. many——books可数复数,用many。
17. some——Would you like...?是邀请句型,固定用some。
18. any——一般疑问句news不可数用any。
19. many——dogs可数复数,用many。
20. some——Can I have...?是请求句型,固定用some。
21. many——oranges可数复数,用many。
22. any——一般疑问句butter不可数用any。
23. many——potatoes可数复数,用many。
24. any——一般疑问句tomatoes可数复数用any。
25. much——homework不可数,用much。
26. some——Would you like...?是邀请句型,固定用some。
27. many——mangoes可数复数,用many。
28. any——一般疑问句sugar不可数用any。
29. many——eggs可数复数,用many。
30. any——一般疑问句students可数复数用any。
专项八·连词成句
1. How much water do you need?
2. We need some eggs.
3. There isn't any milk in the bottle.
4. How many students are there in your class?
5. I'd like some bread.
6. He doesn't have much money.
7. I like rice very much.
8. We need a few potatoes.
9. How much tea is left?
10. She doesn't have many friends.
11. Can I have some juice?
12. He has a lot of homework today.
13. She bought a few oranges.
14. How much coffee is left?
15. There is some good news.
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