高中英语单元测试——Unit 2 Looking into the Future（较易版01）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 2 Looking into the Future （较易版01） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分） What is the woman’s attitude towards the aging population? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided. 【答案】A 【原文】M: They say the population is getting older and that could cause problems. What do you think? W: I see problems ahead, because fewer young people will pay for the needs of old people. M: It’ll all be OK, because robots will do most of the work. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the woman believe about future robots? A．They can’t gain self-awareness. B．They will take the place of humans. C．They might develop their own culture. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Do you think robots may have cultural significance in the future? W: Of course. Not only that, but as AI gains more self-awareness, robots may even create their own culture. 3．（本题1.5分）What did the man do yesterday? A．He reported the news. B．He cleaned the classroom. C．He attended the science fair. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Tom, your name was mentioned in yesterday’s school news report. Did you win an award at the science fair? M: Yes, I won second prize. I made a robot that can help my classmates clean the classroom. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A science fiction movie. B．A new GPS device. C．A chat program. 【答案】C 【原文】W: ChatGPT is awesome! It’s an advanced chat program. It sounds like you’re talking to a real human. M: Like an artificial intelligence robot in a science fiction movie? W: Exactly! Hundreds of millions of people are using it. Let’s ask it a question. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the woman think the future will bring? A．Flying cars. B．High-speed cars. C．Self-driving cars. 【答案】C 【原文】M: What do you think the future will be like? Do you think there will be flying cars that drive faster than trains? W: No, but I think we will have fully automatic cars. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What did the program say about the life in the future? A．People will feel more lonely. B．People will work fewer hours. C．People will return to supermarkets. 7．(1.5分)How does the man feel about the future described in the program? A．Excited. B．Disappointed. C．Skeptical. 【答案】6．B 7．C 【原文】W: I saw an amazing program last night. It talked about the past, the present and the future. M: What kind of things did it describe? W: Well, for example, the normal work week in the 20th century was 35 hours. Nowadays, many people work more than 40 hours a week. M: Well, that doesn’t sound like progress. W: You’re right. On the show, they said that most people will work fewer hours in the future, maybe 20 hours. They also talked about the way we shop. These days, many of us shop online. In the old days, there were no supermarkets, so people had to go to lots of different shops. In the future, people will do all their shopping online. M: I don’t believe that. W: Me neither. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What did the man do last week? A．He bought a new house. B．He sold a new house. C．He moved into a new house. 9．(1.5分)How many children does the man have? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 10．(1.5分)What can you learn from the conversation? A．The wife dislikes the new kitchen. B．The son is older than the daughter. C．There is a garden in front of the new house. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．B 【原文】W: Have you moved into the new house? M: Yes, we have. We moved here last week. W: How do you find it? M: We like it very much. We have three children, you know. Our son is twelve, and our daughter is seven. The new baby is six weeks old. We have lots of rooms in the new house. W: Is your wife pleased with it? M: Yes, she is. The new kitchen is beautiful. She likes to cook in it. W: Do you have a garden? M: Yes, there is a big garden at the back. We have lots of flowers. My wife likes to work in the garden. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How will the speakers go to New York? A．By air. B．By taxi. C．By bus. 12．(1.5分)Why are the speakers making the trip? A．For business. B．For shopping. C．For holiday. 13．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Driver and passenger. B．Husband and wife. C．Fellow workers. 【答案】11．A 12．A 13．C 【原文】M: Hey, Lucy. Do you have some time to talk about next week’s trip with me? W: Sure, Dave. M: OK. So, we’re leaving on Monday from Hartsfield International Airport, and returning on Friday. Do we take ourselves to the airport? Maybe we need to book a taxi, or just go by bus. W: No, we don’t have to. The company car will pick us up and take us there. M: Oh, that’s good. When? W: Our flight leaves at 11:00 a.m., so they should pick us up between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. Besides, the company pays for our trip, including hotel and food. M: How much will that be? W: Well, New York is a pretty expensive city. So, each of us will get $200 a day. M: Oh, OK. Thanks for telling me that. W: You’re welcome. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a bus station. B．In a classroom. C．In a café. 15．(1.5分)What time is it now? A．At 3:40 p.m. B．At 4:15 p.m. C．At 4:50 p.m. 16．(1.5分)Why do the speakers give up the robotic arm idea? A．They can’t finish it in time. B．They come up with a better idea. C．They think it’s not interesting enough. 17．(1.5分)What common interest do the speakers probably have? A．Animal care. B．Self-driving. C．Filmmaking. 【答案】14．C 15．A 16．A 17．C 【原文】W: Here’s your coffee. Sorry, the line was really slow! M: It’s fine! Thanks. This place is full of tourists today. We are lucky to get a table. W: So, I wondered if you have a partner for the school invention competition yet. M: No. I was planning to ask you! W: Really? Perfect! Do you have time to run through some ideas? M: Sure! My bus isn’t until 4:30 p.m., so I’ve got 50 minutes. W: Great. Any ideas? M: I’ve considered an insect-inspired flying machine, or a robotic arm based on octopuses (章鱼). But the first idea isn’t exactly exciting. W: I like the second one. But could we really finish in six weeks? M: Probably not. Forget that one, then. Have you had any thoughts? W: Well, I watched a video about how chickens can keep their heads still, no matter how much their bodies move around. M: Right... W: Did you remember the problems we had filming the driving scenes for our Director’s Club project? M: Yeah, we couldn’t keep the camera still enough... Wait. Are you suggesting a chicken-inspired camera stabilizer (相机稳定器)? W: Exactly! （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What will control the tree house’s temperature? A．The roof. B．The leaves. C．The soil. 19．(1.5分)What is the most important design of a lizard house? A．Changing colors. B．Collecting sunlight. C．Producing energy. 20．(1.5分)Why can the chimney be a useful air conditioner? A．It allows cool air to come in. B．It is easy for hot air to flow out. C．It can protect the house from strong heat. 【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B 【原文】W: We won’t know what the future house will look like, but we can imagine three kinds of houses.The first one is the tree house. Like a leaf, the surface of the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity and even create fresh air for the home. The root of the house is deep under the ground. It uses the soil to control the home’s temperature.The second one is the lizard home. Like a lizard, changing colors with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When it’s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn dark to protect it from strong heat. During the dark days, it turns white and takes in as much light and heat as possible to produce energy.The last one is the chimney house. In such a house, a chimney can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier for hot air to flow out of the chimney. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Inventions born out of loveGarbage Disposers (处理器) John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, put under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain (排水管)and the trap. The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains. Surgical Gloves William Stewart Halsted, M. D．(1852-1922) was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. Known for his strict insistence to sterile(无菌的) working conditions, Halsted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs(细菌) during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin disease during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. Band-Aids When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson &Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive (有黏性的) bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today. Magnetic (有磁性的)Shirt Buttons Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently. 21．(2.5分)What’s the function of the InSinkErator? A．It can clear sink pipes. B．It can recycle kitchen waste. C．It can remove food waste easily. D．It can extend the service life of sinks. 22．(2.5分)For whom did William invent surgical gloves? A．A nurse. B．The patient. C．The surgeons D．His colleagues. 23．(2.5分)Which is the latest invention? A．The InSinkErator B．Band-Aids C．Surgical Gloves. D．Magnetic Shirt Buttons. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种发明，这四种发明都是源于发明人对伴侣的爱。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“T The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains.(该处理装置将食物垃圾撕成足够小的碎片，通常直径小于2毫米，以便通过管道。)”可知，InSinkErator用来将食物垃圾撕成足够小的碎片，以便更轻松地清除食物垃圾。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin diseuse during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. (得知护士Caroline在工作中患有皮肤病后，Halsted特意为她发明了这副手套，并在婚后送给她作为礼物。)”可知，手术手套最初是Halsted特意为他作护士工作的妻子发明的。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据这四种发明的发明时间：根据最后一段“So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012.(因此，Horton在2012年设计了一款带有磁性纽扣的衬衫。)”可知，选项A“Magnetic shirt buttons.(磁性衬衫纽扣)”的发明时间为2012年；根据第二段“William Stewart Halsted, M. D. (1852-1922)was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. ( William Stewart Halsted医学博士(1852-1922)是美国著名的外科医生，常被称为“现代外科之父”。)”可推断，选项B“Surgical Gloves(手术手套)”的发明时间为1852到1922之间；根据第一段“John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. (来自威斯康星州的建筑师John W. Hammes于1935年设计了InSinkErator。)”可知，选项C“The InSinkErator.”发明于1935年；根据文章第三段“When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. ( 20世纪20年代，新泽西州的Josephine Knight Dickson在为家人做饭时不断割伤自己，她的丈夫Earle Dickson介入了。)”可知，选项D“Band-Aids.”发明于20世纪20年代。由此判断，四种发明中，最新发明是Magnetic Shirt Buttons。故选A。 （本题10分）While visiting a school for the blind in Old Delhi, India, a 14-year-old boy named Yash Mehta observed that none of the students were using digital braille readers. Priced between $2,000 and $20,000, these devices are unaffordable for most students, and they often have mechanical failures because of their complex and costly components. Rather than accept this reality, Mehta decided to try and make his own version, and after a lot of research and testing a few models, he succeeded. Since that day in India, Mehta began moving towards his goal by working with teachers and students at the Blind Relief Association in New Delhi. There, he was able to build a model and test it with the students. “I was deeply moved when the first student, Himanshu, placed his finger on the braille cell during a test trial and accurately identified the characters I had input. Seeing that brought literal tears to my eyes, as the breakthrough highlighted the impact and value of my project and inspired me to go further,” said Mehta. Having always been passionate about engineering, the young inventor found the hardware aspects of the project manageable. However, programming the device to transform input text into braille was something he had to teach himself. Ultimately, Mehta overcame this challenge by developing his skills and understanding of programming. The device simulates braille letter patterns by using a set of six rotating (旋转的) motors that gently press against the user’s fingers. These motors are connected to an Arduino, an open-source electronics platform known for its user-friendly hardware and programmable software. Letter information is then input into the device, translated to braille and sent to the motors. Users can read the braille output with 86% accuracy by resting their fingers just above the motor output. Mehta achieved his goal of creating a device that costs only about $20 to make and could be sold for around $35. He is currently working with two schools to refine the design of the machine for production. 24．(2.5分)Why did Yash Mehta want to create a new version of braille readers? A．He had a real passion for researching and making new things. B．He hoped to make more profits from selling brand-new products. C．The components of the braille readers available were hard to produce. D．The braille readers available were too expensive and often broke down. 25．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Character input. B．The test trial. C．Himanshu’s success. D．The braille cell. 26．(2.5分)What difficulty did Yash Mehta come across in his project? A．Transforming braille text. B．Managing the hardware parts. C．Learning programming skills. D．Understanding braille systems. 27．(2.5分)What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The design of the braille motors. B．The working principle of the device. C．The approach to building the device. D．The function of the Arduino platform. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．C 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述14岁男孩Yash Mehta为印度盲校学生研发低成本、易使用的数字盲文阅读器的故事。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Priced between $2,000 and $20,000, these devices are unaffordable for most students, and they often have mechanical failures because of their complex and costly components. Rather than accept this reality, Mehta decided to try and make his own version (这些设备的价格在2000美元到20000美元之间，大多数学生都买不起，而且由于组件复杂且昂贵，它们还经常出现机械故障。Mehta没有接受这个现实，而是决定尝试制作自己的版本)”可知，Mehta研发新盲文阅读器是因为现有设备价格过高且频繁出故障。故选D项。 25．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I was deeply moved when the first student, Himanshu, placed his finger on the braille cell during a test trial and accurately identified the characters I had input. Seeing that brought literal tears to my eyes (当第一个学生Himanshu在测试中把手指放在盲文单元上，准确识别出我输入的字符时，我深受感动。看到那个场景，我真的流下了眼泪)”可知，“that”指代前文“Himanshu成功识别字符”这一事件，正是这一成功让Mehta感动落泪。故选C项。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, programming the device to transform input text into braille was something he had to teach himself. Ultimately, Mehta overcame this challenge by developing his skills and understanding of programming (然而，为设备编写程序以将输入文本转换为盲文，是他必须自学的内容。最终，Mehta通过提升自己的编程技能和理解，克服了这个挑战)”可知，Mehta在项目中遇到的困难是学习编程技能。故选C项。 27．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“The device simulates braille letter patterns by using a set of six rotating (旋转的) motors that gently press against the user’s fingers. These motors are connected to an Arduino... Letter information is then input into the device, translated to braille and sent to the motors. Users can read the braille output with 86% accuracy...(该设备使用六个旋转电机轻轻按压用户的手指，模拟盲文字母图案。这些电机连接到Arduino平台……然后，字符信息被输入设备，转换为盲文并发送到电机。用户读取盲文输出的准确率可达86%……)”可知，该段围绕“设备如何工作”展开，详细介绍了其工作流程和原理。故选B项。 （本题10分）If you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener, the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plants. The Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted (盆栽的) plant that it carries on top of its head. Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the houseplant needs more sun, the Hexa will walk into the sunlight; and if the houseplant is getting too hot, the Hexa will go back into the area that obstructs direct light. The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner. The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead Sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014. “Plants only receive an action without responding,” Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post. “Whether they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they haven’t received enough sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.” According to Sun Tianqi, for billions of years, plants have never experienced movement of any kind, not even the simplest movement. In their whole lives, they stick to where they were born. Sun Tianqi continued, “Do they want to break their own settings or have a tendency (趋向) towards this? I do not know the answer, but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants. With the help of the robot, plants can experience the move. ” The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale, though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model. It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants. 28．(2.5分)What can we learn about the Hexa Plant? A．It helps indoor plants get proper sunlight. B．It waters the plants through dancing. C．It helps people do overall gardening. D．It carries the potted plant with its hands. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “obstructs” mean in paragraph 2? A．Hides. B．Casts. C．Blocks. D．Receives. 30．(2.5分)What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3? A．The way plants spend their whole lives. B．The common way people deal with plants. C．The difference between plants and humans. D．The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper. 31．(2.5分)What does Sun Tianqi try to do using this technology? A．To develop gardening skills. B．To draw people’s attention to plants. C．To make plants experience move. D．To study the living conditions of plants. 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．D 31．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一款名为Hexa Plant的六足机器人被设计出来照顾室内盆栽植物，它能根据植物需求调整光照，还能提醒主人浇水，未来或开拓新市场。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the houseplant needs more sun, the Hexa will walk into the sunlight; and if the houseplant is getting too hot, the Hexa will go back into the area that obstructs direct light.(利用光和热传感器，机器人有能力把植物搬进或搬出日光。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走到阳光下；如果室内植物变得太热，Hexa会回到obstructs直射光的区域。)”可知，Hexa Plant可以帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。故选A。 29．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the houseplant needs more sun, the Hexa will walk into the sunlight; and if the houseplant is getting too hot, the Hexa will go back into the area that obstructs direct light.(利用光和热传感器，机器人有能力把植物搬进或搬出日光。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走到阳光下；如果室内植物变得太热，Hexa会回到obstructs直射光的区域。)”可知，如果室内植物变得太热，Hexa会回到遮挡直射光的区域，故obstructs意思是“遮挡，阻挡”。A. Hides.隐藏；B.  Casts.投射；C. Blocks.阻挡；D. Receives.接收。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段“The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead Sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014. “Plants only receive an action without responding,” Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post. “Whether they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they haven’t received enough sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.”(这款机器人是由Vincross的工程师兼创始人孙天齐在2014年看到一株向日葵枯死在黑暗的房间里后开发的。孙天齐在一篇博客文章中写道：“植物只会接受一种行动而不做出反应。”“无论它们是被切割、咬、燃烧还是从地球上拔起，还是当它们没有得到足够的阳光、水，或者太热或太冷，它们都会保持不动，接受发生在它们身上的任何事情。”)”可知，第三段作者想说明制作室内植物助手的原因。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“With the help of the robot, plants can experience the move.(在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验移动。)”可知，孙天齐利用这项技术试图让植物体验移动。故选C。 （本题10分）In the north Indian desert town of Jaisalmer, which is also known as “The Golden City” for its array of yellow sandstone architecture, temperatures can reach about 120 degrees Fahrenheit(49℃) at the height of summer. Here, buildings have long been designed to adapt to the heat, a tradition that New York architect Diana Kellogg has followed with her work on the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School. The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India. Named the 2020 “Building of the Year” by Architectural Digest India, the eco-friendly sandstone school opened in November 2021 and 120 girls are currently admitted in its curriculum. Designing a comfortable learning space can be challenging in the heart of the Thar desert, where climate change is making drought longer and more intense. Kellogg, who usually designs high-end residential projects, was motivated by a 2014 trip to Jaisalmer. She wanted the building to symbolize the hope of the desert by combining aspects of time-honored Jaisalmer architecture with a modern design. “There are methods to cool spaces that have been used for centuries. What I did is to put them together in a combination that worked,” Kellogg said, adding that indoor temperatures at the school are approximately 20-30 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the outdoors. For the structure, she chose to use locally sourced sandstone — a climate-resilient material that’s been long used for buildings in the area. “It’s so abundant in this area. It’s very reasonable in price and the stone is so manageable that talented stonemasons can shape it like magicians,” Kellogg said. Air conditioning isn’t used anywhere in the building, not just because of its environmental impact but because it isn’t common in the area. By adopting traditional and natural cooling mechanisms that the students are familiar with instead, she believes they can get sense of comfort from their surroundings, leading to greater confidence. 32．(2.5分)What was the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School intended to do? A．To strengthen girls’ abilities by schooling. B．To showcase its modern architectural skills. C．To attract more tourists to the Indian desert. D．To offer free education to the local children. 33．(2.5分)How did Kellogg overcome the challenge? A．By shortening the time of construction. B．By using the most advanced cooling technology. C．By copying the style of high-end residential projects. D．By combining traditional methods with modern design. 34．(2.5分)Why was sandstone chosen to build the school? A．It represented the spirit of hope. B．It was the only material available there. C．It was local, cheap and easy to work with. D．It made the building look more advanced. 35．(2.5分)What’s the best title for the text? A．The Challenges of Building in the Thar Desert B．A School Empowering Girls with Smart Design C．The Hottest City and Its Traditional Architecture D．Diana Kellogg: A Famous Architect in New York 【答案】32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了印度杰伊瑟尔梅尔的一所女子学校，采用当地砂岩和传统降温设计，无需空调即可保持室内凉爽，旨在提升该地区女性教育水平并适应沙漠气候。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India.(该项目旨在通过教育来提升该地区女孩的素质，因为在印度这个地区，女性的识字率是最低的)”可知，拉杰库玛丽·拉特纳瓦蒂女子学校当初的办学目的是通过教育来增强女生的能力。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Designing a comfortable learning space can be challenging in the heart of the Thar desert, where climate change is making drought longer and more intense.(在塔尔沙漠中心设计一个舒适的学习空间可能是一个挑战，因为气候变化使干旱时间更长、更严重。)”以及“She wanted the building to symbolize the hope of the desert by combining aspects of time-honored Jaisalmer architecture with a modern design.(她希望这座建筑能够通过将历史悠久的贾伊萨勒姆建筑风格与现代设计相结合，来象征沙漠地区的希望)”可知，凯洛格通过将传统方法与现代设计相结合来克服沙漠气候变化所带来的挑战。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据第五段“For the structure, she chose to use locally sourced sandstone-a climate-resilient material that’s been long used for buildings in the area. “It’s so abundant in this area. It’s very reasonable in price and the stone is so manageable that talented stonemasons can shape it like magicians,” Kellogg said.(在建筑结构方面，她选择了使用当地开采的砂岩——这是一种具有气候适应性的材料，在该地区长期以来一直被用于建筑建设。“这种材料在这一地区非常丰富。价格也很合理，而且这种石头易于处理，技艺精湛的石匠们能够像魔术师一样将其雕琢成型。”凯洛格说道)”可知，选择用砂岩来建造这所学校是因为它是当地的材料，价格低廉，而且易于加工。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Here, buildings have long been designed to adapt to the heat, a tradition that New York architect Diana Kellogg has followed with her work on the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School. The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India.(在这里，建筑的设计一直会考虑到如何应对炎热的气候，而纽约建筑师戴安娜·凯洛格在其设计的拉杰库玛丽·拉特纳瓦蒂女子学校项目中，也延续了这一传统。该项目旨在通过教育手段提升该地区女孩的受教育水平，因为在印度这个地区，女性的识字率是最低的)”以及全文以“女校”为核心，双线并进：①通过教育赋能女孩；②以智能生态设计应对酷热。可知，B选项“一座通过巧妙设计赋予女孩力量的学校”最符合文章标题。故选B。 （本题12.5分）The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 36(2.5分) In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. 37(2.5分) But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. 38(2.5分) Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today. 39(2.5分) Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 40(2.5分) For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．The reason why the colour was chosen was simple. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. G．Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. 【答案】36．D 37．F 38．G 39．C 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了校车的起源以及其发展的过程。 【详解】36．根据上一句“The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana.”（校车的历史可以追溯到1886年，当时Wayne Works公司在印第安纳州制造了四轮马车，被称为“学校马车”或“儿童马车”。）可知，该句讲述了校车的发明时间；选项D“Before then, many children simply walked to school.（在此之前，许多孩子只是步行上学。）”说明了在校车出现之前孩子们是如何上学的，承接上文。故选D。 37．根据上一句“In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages.”（20世纪初，汽车工业开始迅速发展，这给了Wayne Works一个改进校车的好机会。），选项F“The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines.（这家公司设法使马车由发动机提供动力。）”具体描述了Wayne Works公司是如何改进校车的，承接上文；下一句“But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside.”（但设计基本上与之前的设计相同，学生们坐在巴士的墙壁上，面向内部。）在选项F的基础上，又指出了改进后的校车在设计上与之前相同，两句为转折关系，语意合理。故选F。 38．根据上一句“In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel.”（1927年，一个人制造了第一辆主要使用钢的公共汽车。），选项G“Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows.（不久，Wayne Works公司推出了第一辆全钢车身和安全玻璃窗的校车。）”进一步提出在1927年使用钢的公共汽车问世之后，Wayne Works公司就推出了第一辆全钢车身的校车，承接上文；下一句“Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety.”（尽管如此，家长们还是越来越担心孩子的安全。）表明校车在使用安全玻璃窗后，家长们仍然越来越担心孩子们的安全。故选G。 39．根据上一句“Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today.”（制定了许多新的国家标准，从座椅设计到校车沿用至今的著名黄色，这些标准决定了一切。），选项C“The reason why the colour was chosen was simple.（选择这种颜色的原因很简单。）”提到了校车使用黄色是有原因的；下一句“Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate.”（黄色对人类来说是非常引人注目的。这种颜色在校车通常运行的清晨和傍晚的光线下很容易看到。）具体说明了校车使用黄色的原因，故选项C承上启下，符合语意。故选C。 40．空处为最后一段段落主题句。根据下一句“For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc.”（例如，已经做出了各种改变，使校车不仅更安全，而且有更好的燃油经济性，更容易驾驶，等等。）可知，下文举例说明了如今校车已经做出的改进，故选项E“Now, school buses have had many more improvements.（现在，校车有了更多的改进。）”概括说明了校车已有了更多改进，符合段落主题。故选E。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）When 17-year-old inventor Lin Tao presented his solar-powered backpack at a youth innovation fair, he never anticipated his design would be copied. The backpack, which 41 a foldable solar panel to charge phones, won him first prize and also attention from an electronics company. What followed was a two-month 42 to defend his intellectual property (IP) , a journey that taught him far more than any textbook. Lin’s 43 struck during a school camping trip. Frustrated by dead phone batteries, he spent six months researching materials, often staying up late to 44 the panel’s angle to catch the most sunlight for maximum efficiency. The groundbreaking backpack 45 a national youth innovation grant and non-profit support, enabling Lin’s team to improve the design for mass-producing 1,000 backpacks 46 donated to a rural African primary school. When photos of the students using the backpacks 47 social media, the joyful feedback was their greatest 48 . However, excitement turned to disappointment when a friend spotted an online store selling a virtually 49 backpack. Shocked and 50 , Lin gathered evidence — sketches, test videos, fair documents — and consulted an IP lawyer. The company initially 51 the claim, arguing independent development, but Lin insisted. He proved his unique design 52 a common overheating problem. After several 53 of negotiations, the company apologized publicly and compensated (赔偿) him. “IP protection isn’t just for big companies,” Lin said. “Young inventors 54 to have their ideas safeguarded — it’s about respecting creativity itself.” “Don’t be afraid to 55 your work,” he advises. “Your ideas are valuable, and protecting them is the first step to turn innovation into reality.” 41．(1分)A．integrated B．decorated C．covered D．replaced 42．(1分)A．battle B．tour C．competition D．race 43．(1分)A．insight B．inspiration C．ambition D．cause 44．(1分)A．adapt B．check C．adjust D．measure 45．(1分)A．demanded B．expected C．required D．secured 46．(1分)A．specifically B．randomly C．roughly D．effectively 47．(1分)A．attacked B．flooded C．rushed D．influenced 48．(1分)A．profit B．benefit C．bonus D．reward 49．(1分)A．distinct B．distinguished C．identical D．intense 50．(1分)A．guilty B．ashamed C．angry D．envious 51．(1分)A．doubted B．denied C．accepted D．admitted 52．(1分)A．spotted B．investigated C．observed D．addressed 53．(1分)A．sessions B．routes C．phases D．rounds 54．(1分)A．preserve B．deserve C．intend D．promise 55．(1分)A．stand up for B．put up with C．make up for D．come up with 【答案】 41．A 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．B 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述17岁发明家林涛在青年创新展上展示太阳能背包获奖后，其设计遭抄袭，他经过两个月维权成功，强调了保护知识产权对年轻发明家的重要性。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款背包集成了可折叠太阳能板，用于给手机充电，为他赢得了一等奖，也吸引了一家电子公司的关注。A. integrated集成；B. decorated装饰；C. covered覆盖；D. replaced替换。根据后文“a foldable solar panel to charge phones”可知，背包集成了太阳能板来充电。故选A。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来是为期两个月的捍卫他知识产权的战斗，这段经历教给他的东西远比任何教科书都多。A. battle战斗；B. tour旅行；C. competition竞争；D. race比赛。根据后文“defend his intellectual property”可知，捍卫知识产权就像一场战斗。故选A。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：林涛的灵感来自一次学校露营旅行。A. insight洞察力；B. inspiration灵感；C. ambition抱负；D. cause原因。根据后文“Frustrated by dead phone batteries, he spent six months researching materials, often staying up late to _____ the panel’s angle to catch the most sunlight for maximum efficiency.”可知，他因为露营时手机没电而研发背包可知，是这次露营旅行给他带来了灵感。故选B。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于手机电池没电而感到沮丧，他花了六个月时间研究材料，经常熬夜调整太阳能板的角度，以捕获最多的阳光，实现最高效率。A. adapt适应；B. check检查；C. adjust调整；D. measure测量。根据后文“the panel’s angle to catch the most sunlight”可知，是调整角度来捕获阳光。故选C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款开创性的背包获得了国家青年创新资助和非营利组织的支持，使林涛的团队能够改进设计，为大规模生产1000个背包做准备，这些背包专门捐赠给了一所非洲农村小学。A. demanded要求；B. expected期望；C. required需要；D. secured获得。根据后文“a national youth innovation grant and non-profit support”可知，是获得了资助和支持。故选D。 46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这款开创性的背包获得了国家青年创新资助和非营利组织的支持，使林涛的团队能够改进设计，为大规模生产1000个背包做准备，这些背包专门捐赠给了一所非洲农村小学。A. specifically专门地；B. randomly随机地；C. roughly粗略地；D. effectively有效地。根据后文“donated to a rural African primary school”可知，这些背包是专门捐赠给这所小学的。故选A。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学生们使用背包的照片充斥社交媒体时，这些欢乐的反馈是他们最大的奖励。A. attacked攻击；B. flooded充斥，大量涌入；C. rushed冲；D. influenced影响。根据前文“When photos of the students using the backpacks”以及后文“social media”可知，这里指照片大量出现在社交媒体上，flood有“充斥”的意思。故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当学生们使用背包的照片充斥社交媒体时，这些欢乐的反馈是他们最大的奖励。A. profit利润；B. benefit益处；C. bonus奖金；D. reward奖励。根据前文“the joyful feedback”可知，学生使用背包后的欢乐反馈对林涛他们来说是一种奖励。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当一个朋友发现一家网店在销售一款几乎一模一样的背包时，兴奋变成了失望。A. distinct不同的；B. distinguished著名的；C. identical相同的；D. intense强烈的。根据“a friend spotted an online store selling a virtuall”以及后面林涛维权可知，网店卖的背包和他的几乎一样。故选C。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：震惊又愤怒的林涛收集了证据——草图、测试视频、展会文件——并咨询了一位知识产权律师。A. guilty内疚的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. angry愤怒的；D. envious羡慕的。根据常识可知，自己的设计被抄袭，应该是感到愤怒。故选C。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司最初否认了这一指控，辩称是自主研发，但林涛坚持自己的主张。A. doubted怀疑；B. denied否认；C. accepted接受；D. admitted承认。根据“arguing independent development”可知，公司否认抄袭。故选B。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了自己独特的设计解决了一个常见的过热问题。A. spotted发现；B. investigated调查；C. observed观察；D. addressed解决。根据后文“a common overheating problem”可知，是设计解决了过热问题。故选D。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几轮谈判，该公司公开道歉并对他进行了赔偿。A. sessions会议；B. routes路线；C. phases阶段；D. rounds轮。根据后文“of negotiations, the company apologized publicly and compensated (赔偿) him.”可知，这里指经过几轮谈判。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“知识产权保护不仅仅适用于大公司，”林涛说。“年轻发明家理应让自己的想法得到保护——这关乎对创造力本身的尊重。”A. preserve保护；B. deserve应得，理应；C. intend打算；D. promise承诺。根据后文“it’s about respecting creativity itself.”可知，这里指年轻发明家应该得到知识产权保护。故选B。 55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“不要害怕为自己的作品挺身而出，”他建议道。“你的想法很有价值，保护它们是将创新变为现实的第一步。”A. stand up for为……挺身而出；B. put up with忍受；C. make up for弥补；D. come up with想出。根据后文“protecting them is the first step to turn innovation into reality”可知，要为自己作品争取保护，即挺身而出。故选A。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A letter to self from the future Dear Past Bingbing, Hi! I’m Bingbing, your future self! Because of 56(1.5分) (know) that you are really anxious about your future occupation, I’m writing to put your mind 57(1.5分) ease. I’m sorry to say that you won’t become a pilot as you dreamed. That’s because 58(1.5分) (passenger) will use personal jet packs travelling around in the future. 59(1.5分) you can imagine, the skies over the city will get pretty busy! With the objective of avoiding accidents, someone needs 60(1.5分) (control) the flying people. And that is your job — 61(1.5分) jet pack air traffic controller. Instead of leaving home, you will use a virtual reality headset and microphone to do your job while you 62(1.5分) (sit) on the sofa drinking tea. But you will have to work on your 63(1.5分) (communicate) skills, as you will be talking to people all day. However,   64(1.5分) (accompany) with convenient travel choices, there will be challenges, too! Too many jet packs are in the sky! 65(1.5分) (hopeful) , you will be content with this job. But of course you will, because you are me! Trust me! Your future is going to be remarkable. Best regards, Future Bingbing 【答案】 56．knowing 57．at 58．passengers 59．As 60．to control 61．a 62．are sitting 63．communicative 64．accompanied 65．Hopefully 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，以未来的冰冰写给过去的自己的一封信为载体，讲述了未来冰冰的职业是喷气背包空中交通管制员，解释了这份职业的工作内容、要求，同时安抚了过去的自己对未来职业的焦虑情绪。 【详解】56．考查非谓语动词。句意：因为知道你对未来的职业感到十分焦虑，我写这封信是为了让你安心。because of为介词短语，后接名词作宾语，故将动词know转换为动名词形式knowing。故填knowing。 57．考查介词。句意：因为知道你对未来的职业感到十分焦虑，我写这封信是为了让你安心。put one’s mind at ease为固定搭配，意为“让某人安心；使某人放心”，故此处用介词at。故填at。 58．考查名词。句意：那是因为未来乘客们会使用个人喷气背包出行。passenger为可数名词，此处表示泛指的“乘客们”，应用复数形式passengers。故填passengers。 59．考查定语从句。句意：正如你能想象到的，城市上空会变得十分繁忙！此处为非限制性定语从句，关系代词As指代整个主句内容，在从句中作宾语，意为“正如；正像”，置于句首，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免事故发生，需要有人来管控这些飞行的人。need sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“需要某人做某事”，故此处用动词不定式to control作宾语补足语。故填to control。 61．考查冠词。句意：而那就是你的工作——一名喷气背包空中交通管制员。jet pack air traffic controller为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一名管制员”，为泛指，且jet是以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 62．考查动词时态。句意：你不用出门，坐在沙发上喝茶时，只需戴上虚拟现实头盔和麦克风就能工作。此处描述未来工作时正在发生的动作，主语为you，故用are sitting。故填are sitting。 63．考查形容词。句意：但你必须练好你的沟通技巧，因为你一整天都要和人交谈。此处修饰名词skills，应用形容词作定语，将动词communicate转换为形容词communicative，communicative skills意为“沟通技巧”。故填communicative。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，伴随着便捷的出行选择，挑战也会随之而来！此处为非谓语动词作状语，accompany与逻辑主语there will be challenges之间为被动关系，意为“被伴随”，应用过去分词形式accompanied。故填accompanied。 65．考查副词。句意：希望你会对这份工作满意。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，将形容词hopeful转换为副词Hopefully，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hopefully。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）在学校刚举办的Sci-Tech Innovation design competition中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语短文，内容包括： 1.设计理由； 2.功能介绍： 3.你的期望。 注意：字数不少于80词。 My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly As the population ages, the need for elderly care is increasing. My intelligent robot is designed to provide companionship and assistance to the elderly. My intelligent robot can chat with the elderly, tell stories, and play music to relieve their loneliness. It also has a monitoring function to detect the elderly’s health status and call for help in case of an emergency. Additionally, the robot can help the elderly with simple household chores such as cleaning and cooking, lightening their burden and improving their quality of life. I hope this robot can bring more warmth and convenience to the elderly and make their lives more comfortable. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍老人智能陪护机器人的设计理由、介绍其功能，并表达自己的期望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 缓解：relieve → alleviate 孤独：loneliness → isolation 帮助：help→assist 提升：improve → enhance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, the robot can help the elderly with simple household chores such as cleaning and cooking, lightening their burden and improving their quality of life. 拓展句：Additionally, the robot can help the elderly with simple household chores such as cleaning and cooking, which can lighten their burden and improve their quality of life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As the population ages, the need for elderly care is increasing. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】I hope this robot can bring more warmth and convenience to the elderly and make their lives more comfortable.(运用了省略that引导的宾语从句) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Harry was a 14-year-old boy. He was a quiet junior high school student. He was not an inventor, but he helped people change. He was the one who often cleaned out his family’s fridge. Every Sunday, he would find forgotten leftovers, wilted (枯萎的) vegetables, and expired yogurts that were not safe to eat. “We just bought this last week!” his mom would sigh, throwing a half-full box into the bin. The waste bothered Harry: It was like throwing money and food away straight into the trash. Then a simple idea came up to him. He began writing “EAT ME FIRST!” on sticky notes and putting them on the leftovers. It worked a little, but he still wanted a better system. For his school science project, Harry created “Keeper Tags.” They were simple, colorful magnetic tags with a dial (转盘) you could turn. Each tag had three colored parts: Green (Fresh!) , Yellow (Eat Soon!) , and Red (Last Call!) . When you put food in the fridge, you clipped a tag to it, turned the dial to green, and wrote the food’s name. After a few days, you turned the dial to yellow, then to red. Soon, the fridge door was full of bright colors that showed what to eat first. Harry tested the tags in his house for a month. Their food waste dropped by nearly70%. All his family loved the colourful reminder. It even became a game for his 5-year-old little sister to check the tags. Harry’s teacher encouraged him to share the idea online. He posted a short video explaining the problem and his simple solution. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The response was unexpected. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before long, many families began using their own Keeper Tags. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The response was unexpected. The video quickly went viral, attracting attention from all corners. People were impressed by Harry’s simple yet effective solution to the common problem of food waste. Messages of praise and support flooded in, with many expressing their eagerness to try out the Keeper Tags in their own homes. Some even suggested improvements or offered to help spread the idea further. Harry was overwhelmed by the positive feedback, feeling a sense of accomplishment he had never experienced before.   Before long, many families began using their own Keeper Tags. The colorful magnetic tags became a popular sight in fridges across the neighborhood and even beyond. Stores started selling similar products inspired by Harry’s invention, and he was invited to share his story on local TV shows and in newspapers. More importantly, the amount of food waste in these families significantly decreased, just like in Harry's home. Harry’s simple idea had sparked a movement, proving that even a small change could make a big difference in the world. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了14岁的Harry为了解决家庭食物浪费问题，发明了“Keeper Tags”并分享到网络，引发了广泛关注的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“反应出乎意料。”可知，第一段可描写Harry的视频在网络上迅速传播，引发了大量关注和积极反馈，人们纷纷表示支持并想要尝试使用“Keeper Tags”。 ②由第二段首句内容“不久，许多家庭开始使用他们自己的“Keeper Tags””可知，第二段可描写“Keeper Tags”在更多家庭中得到应用，甚至被商店销售，Harry也因此受到邀请分享他的故事，更重要的是，食物浪费现象在这些家庭中显著减少。 2.续写线索：视频走红——获得关注与支持——更多家庭使用“Keeper Tags”——商店销售类似产品——Harry受邀分享故事——食物浪费减少——证明小改变也能带来大影响 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①吸引注意力：attract attention/draw attention ②尝试使用：try out/give it a try/have a go at ③建议改进：suggest improvements/put forward suggestions for improvement 情绪类 ①渴望：eagerness/keenness/desire ②成就感：a sense of accomplishment/a feeling of achievement/a sense of pride 【点睛】【高分句型1】Harry was overwhelmed by the positive feedback, feeling a sense of accomplishment he had never experienced before.（运用了that或which引导的限制性定语从句，that或which被省略） 【高分句型2】Harry’s simple idea had sparked a movement, proving that even a small change could make a big difference in the world.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页 共4页 ◎ 第2页 共4页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 2 Looking into the Future （较易版01） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分） What is the woman’s attitude towards the aging population? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the woman believe about future robots? A．They can’t gain self-awareness. B．They will take the place of humans. C．They might develop their own culture. 3．（本题1.5分）What did the man do yesterday? A．He reported the news. B．He cleaned the classroom. C．He attended the science fair. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A science fiction movie. B．A new GPS device. C．A chat program. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the woman think the future will bring? A．Flying cars. B．High-speed cars. C．Self-driving cars. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What did the program say about the life in the future? A．People will feel more lonely. B．People will work fewer hours. C．People will return to supermarkets. 7．(1.5分)How does the man feel about the future described in the program? A．Excited. B．Disappointed. C．Skeptical. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What did the man do last week? A．He bought a new house. B．He sold a new house. C．He moved into a new house. 9．(1.5分)How many children does the man have? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 10．(1.5分)What can you learn from the conversation? A．The wife dislikes the new kitchen. B．The son is older than the daughter. C．There is a garden in front of the new house. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How will the speakers go to New York? A．By air. B．By taxi. C．By bus. 12．(1.5分)Why are the speakers making the trip? A．For business. B．For shopping. C．For holiday. 13．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Driver and passenger. B．Husband and wife. C．Fellow workers. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a bus station. B．In a classroom. C．In a café. 15．(1.5分)What time is it now? A．At 3:40 p.m. B．At 4:15 p.m. C．At 4:50 p.m. 16．(1.5分)Why do the speakers give up the robotic arm idea? A．They can’t finish it in time. B．They come up with a better idea. C．They think it’s not interesting enough. 17．(1.5分)What common interest do the speakers probably have? A．Animal care. B．Self-driving. C．Filmmaking. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What will control the tree house’s temperature? A．The roof. B．The leaves. C．The soil. 19．(1.5分)What is the most important design of a lizard house? A．Changing colors. B．Collecting sunlight. C．Producing energy. 20．(1.5分)Why can the chimney be a useful air conditioner? A．It allows cool air to come in. B．It is easy for hot air to flow out. C．It can protect the house from strong heat. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Inventions born out of loveGarbage Disposers (处理器) John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, put under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain (排水管)and the trap. The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains. Surgical Gloves William Stewart Halsted, M. D．(1852-1922) was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. Known for his strict insistence to sterile(无菌的) working conditions, Halsted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs(细菌) during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin disease during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.Band-Aids When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson &Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive (有黏性的) bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today. Magnetic (有磁性的)Shirt Buttons Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently. 21．(2.5分)What’s the function of the InSinkErator? A．It can clear sink pipes. B．It can recycle kitchen waste. C．It can remove food waste easily. D．It can extend the service life of sinks. 22．(2.5分)For whom did William invent surgical gloves? A．A nurse. B．The patient. C．The surgeons D．His colleagues. 23．(2.5分)Which is the latest invention? A．The InSinkErator B．Band-Aids C．Surgical Gloves. D．Magnetic Shirt Buttons. （本题10分）While visiting a school for the blind in Old Delhi, India, a 14-year-old boy named Yash Mehta observed that none of the students were using digital braille readers. Priced between $2,000 and $20,000, these devices are unaffordable for most students, and they often have mechanical failures because of their complex and costly components. Rather than accept this reality, Mehta decided to try and make his own version, and after a lot of research and testing a few models, he succeeded. Since that day in India, Mehta began moving towards his goal by working with teachers and students at the Blind Relief Association in New Delhi. There, he was able to build a model and test it with the students. “I was deeply moved when the first student, Himanshu, placed his finger on the braille cell during a test trial and accurately identified the characters I had input. Seeing that brought literal tears to my eyes, as the breakthrough highlighted the impact and value of my project and inspired me to go further,” said Mehta. Having always been passionate about engineering, the young inventor found the hardware aspects of the project manageable. However, programming the device to transform input text into braille was something he had to teach himself. Ultimately, Mehta overcame this challenge by developing his skills and understanding of programming. The device simulates braille letter patterns by using a set of six rotating (旋转的) motors that gently press against the user’s fingers. These motors are connected to an Arduino, an open-source electronics platform known for its user-friendly hardware and programmable software. Letter information is then input into the device, translated to braille and sent to the motors. Users can read the braille output with 86% accuracy by resting their fingers just above the motor output. Mehta achieved his goal of creating a device that costs only about $20 to make and could be sold for around $35. He is currently working with two schools to refine the design of the machine for production. 24．(2.5分)Why did Yash Mehta want to create a new version of braille readers? A．He had a real passion for researching and making new things. B．He hoped to make more profits from selling brand-new products. C．The components of the braille readers available were hard to produce. D．The braille readers available were too expensive and often broke down. 25．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Character input. B．The test trial. C．Himanshu’s success. D．The braille cell. 26．(2.5分)What difficulty did Yash Mehta come across in his project? A．Transforming braille text. B．Managing the hardware parts. C．Learning programming skills. D．Understanding braille systems. 27．(2.5分)What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The design of the braille motors. B．The working principle of the device. C．The approach to building the device. D．The function of the Arduino platform. （本题10分）If you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener, the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plants. The Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted (盆栽的) plant that it carries on top of its head. Using light and heat sensors (传感器), the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight. If the houseplant needs more sun, the Hexa will walk into the sunlight; and if the houseplant is getting too hot, the Hexa will go back into the area that obstructs direct light. The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner. The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead Sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014. “Plants only receive an action without responding,” Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post. “Whether they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they haven’t received enough sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.” According to Sun Tianqi, for billions of years, plants have never experienced movement of any kind, not even the simplest movement. In their whole lives, they stick to where they were born. Sun Tianqi continued, “Do they want to break their own settings or have a tendency (趋向) towards this? I do not know the answer, but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants. With the help of the robot, plants can experience the move. ” The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale, though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model. It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants. 28．(2.5分)What can we learn about the Hexa Plant? A．It helps indoor plants get proper sunlight. B．It waters the plants through dancing. C．It helps people do overall gardening. D．It carries the potted plant with its hands. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “obstructs” mean in paragraph 2? A．Hides. B．Casts. C．Blocks. D．Receives. 30．(2.5分)What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3? A．The way plants spend their whole lives. B．The common way people deal with plants. C．The difference between plants and humans. D．The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper. 31．(2.5分)What does Sun Tianqi try to do using this technology? A．To develop gardening skills. B．To draw people’s attention to plants. C．To make plants experience move. D．To study the living conditions of plants. （本题10分）In the north Indian desert town of Jaisalmer, which is also known as “The Golden City” for its array of yellow sandstone architecture, temperatures can reach about 120 degrees Fahrenheit(49℃) at the height of summer. Here, buildings have long been designed to adapt to the heat, a tradition that New York architect Diana Kellogg has followed with her work on the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School. The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India. Named the 2020 “Building of the Year” by Architectural Digest India, the eco-friendly sandstone school opened in November 2021 and 120 girls are currently admitted in its curriculum. Designing a comfortable learning space can be challenging in the heart of the Thar desert, where climate change is making drought longer and more intense. Kellogg, who usually designs high-end residential projects, was motivated by a 2014 trip to Jaisalmer. She wanted the building to symbolize the hope of the desert by combining aspects of time-honored Jaisalmer architecture with a modern design. “There are methods to cool spaces that have been used for centuries. What I did is to put them together in a combination that worked,” Kellogg said, adding that indoor temperatures at the school are approximately 20-30 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the outdoors. For the structure, she chose to use locally sourced sandstone — a climate-resilient material that’s been long used for buildings in the area. “It’s so abundant in this area. It’s very reasonable in price and the stone is so manageable that talented stonemasons can shape it like magicians,” Kellogg said. Air conditioning isn’t used anywhere in the building, not just because of its environmental impact but because it isn’t common in the area. By adopting traditional and natural cooling mechanisms that the students are familiar with instead, she believes they can get sense of comfort from their surroundings, leading to greater confidence. 32．(2.5分)What was the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School intended to do? A．To strengthen girls’ abilities by schooling. B．To showcase its modern architectural skills. C．To attract more tourists to the Indian desert. D．To offer free education to the local children. 33．(2.5分)How did Kellogg overcome the challenge? A．By shortening the time of construction. B．By using the most advanced cooling technology. C．By copying the style of high-end residential projects. D．By combining traditional methods with modern design. 34．(2.5分)Why was sandstone chosen to build the school? A．It represented the spirit of hope. B．It was the only material available there. C．It was local, cheap and easy to work with. D．It made the building look more advanced. 35．(2.5分)What’s the best title for the text? A．The Challenges of Building in the Thar Desert B．A School Empowering Girls with Smart Design C．The Hottest City and Its Traditional Architecture D．Diana Kellogg: A Famous Architect in New York （本题12.5分）The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 36(2.5分) In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. 37(2.5分) But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. 38(2.5分) Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow colour that school buses still sport today. 39(2.5分) Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. The colour is easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 40(2.5分) For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．The reason why the colour was chosen was simple. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. G．Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）When 17-year-old inventor Lin Tao presented his solar-powered backpack at a youth innovation fair, he never anticipated his design would be copied. The backpack, which 41 a foldable solar panel to charge phones, won him first prize and also attention from an electronics company. What followed was a two-month 42 to defend his intellectual property (IP) , a journey that taught him far more than any textbook. Lin’s 43 struck during a school camping trip. Frustrated by dead phone batteries, he spent six months researching materials, often staying up late to 44 the panel’s angle to catch the most sunlight for maximum efficiency. The groundbreaking backpack 45 a national youth innovation grant and non-profit support, enabling Lin’s team to improve the design for mass-producing 1,000 backpacks 46 donated to a rural African primary school. When photos of the students using the backpacks 47 social media, the joyful feedback was their greatest 48 . However, excitement turned to disappointment when a friend spotted an online store selling a virtually 49 backpack. Shocked and 50 , Lin gathered evidence — sketches, test videos, fair documents — and consulted an IP lawyer. The company initially 51 the claim, arguing independent development, but Lin insisted. He proved his unique design 52 a common overheating problem. After several 53 of negotiations, the company apologized publicly and compensated (赔偿) him. “IP protection isn’t just for big companies,” Lin said. “Young inventors 54 to have their ideas safeguarded — it’s about respecting creativity itself.” “Don’t be afraid to 55 your work,” he advises. “Your ideas are valuable, and protecting them is the first step to turn innovation into reality.” 41．(1分)A．integrated B．decorated C．covered D．replaced 42．(1分)A．battle B．tour C．competition D．race 43．(1分)A．insight B．inspiration C．ambition D．cause 44．(1分)A．adapt B．check C．adjust D．measure 45．(1分)A．demanded B．expected C．required D．secured 46．(1分)A．specifically B．randomly C．roughly D．effectively 47．(1分)A．attacked B．flooded C．rushed D．influenced 48．(1分)A．profit B．benefit C．bonus D．reward 49．(1分)A．distinct B．distinguished C．identical D．intense 50．(1分)A．guilty B．ashamed C．angry D．envious 51．(1分)A．doubted B．denied C．accepted D．admitted 52．(1分)A．spotted B．investigated C．observed D．addressed 53．(1分)A．sessions B．routes C．phases D．rounds 54．(1分)A．preserve B．deserve C．intend D．promise 55．(1分)A．stand up for B．put up with C．make up for D．come up with 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A letter to self from the future Dear Past Bingbing, Hi! I’m Bingbing, your future self! Because of 56(1.5分) (know) that you are really anxious about your future occupation, I’m writing to put your mind 57(1.5分) ease. I’m sorry to say that you won’t become a pilot as you dreamed. That’s because 58(1.5分) (passenger) will use personal jet packs travelling around in the future. 59(1.5分) you can imagine, the skies over the city will get pretty busy! With the objective of avoiding accidents, someone needs 60(1.5分) (control) the flying people. And that is your job — 61(1.5分) jet pack air traffic controller. Instead of leaving home, you will use a virtual reality headset and microphone to do your job while you 62(1.5分) (sit) on the sofa drinking tea. But you will have to work on your 63(1.5分) (communicate) skills, as you will be talking to people all day. However,   64(1.5分) (accompany) with convenient travel choices, there will be challenges, too! Too many jet packs are in the sky! 65(1.5分) (hopeful) , you will be content with this job. But of course you will, because you are me! Trust me! Your future is going to be remarkable. Best regards, Future Bingbing 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）在学校刚举办的Sci-Tech Innovation design competition中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语短文，内容包括： 1.设计理由； 2.功能介绍： 3.你的期望。 注意：字数不少于80词。 My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Harry was a 14-year-old boy. He was a quiet junior high school student. He was not an inventor, but he helped people change. He was the one who often cleaned out his family’s fridge. Every Sunday, he would find forgotten leftovers, wilted (枯萎的) vegetables, and expired yogurts that were not safe to eat. “We just bought this last week!” his mom would sigh, throwing a half-full box into the bin. The waste bothered Harry: It was like throwing money and food away straight into the trash. Then a simple idea came up to him. He began writing “EAT ME FIRST!” on sticky notes and putting them on the leftovers. It worked a little, but he still wanted a better system. For his school science project, Harry created “Keeper Tags.” They were simple, colorful magnetic tags with a dial (转盘) you could turn. Each tag had three colored parts: Green (Fresh!) , Yellow (Eat Soon!) , and Red (Last Call!) . When you put food in the fridge, you clipped a tag to it, turned the dial to green, and wrote the food’s name. After a few days, you turned the dial to yellow, then to red. Soon, the fridge door was full of bright colors that showed what to eat first. Harry tested the tags in his house for a month. Their food waste dropped by nearly70%. All his family loved the colourful reminder. It even became a game for his 5-year-old little sister to check the tags. Harry’s teacher encouraged him to share the idea online. He posted a short video explaining the problem and his simple solution. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The response was unexpected. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before long, many families began using their own Keeper Tags. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页 共4页 ◎ 第2页 共4页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $