高中英语单元测试——Unit 1 People of Achievement（适中版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 1 People of Achievement（适中版02） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．An artist. B．The bears in the zoo. C．An amazing painting. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Tom, look at this amazing wood carver called Livio de Marchi. Some of his works are absolutely wonderful. One of his famous pieces is a huge pumpkin drawn by four horses. M: Actually. he’s my favorite artist. He inspired me to create this lovely carved wooden bear. 2．（本题1.5分）What does Elon Musk talk about on social media? A．His personality. B．His future plans. C．The people who attacked him. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Have you followed Elon Musk on social media? M: Of course. He uses it as a place where he discusses his future plans. Instead of being formal, he has a good sense of humor and knows how to have fun. But some people take it seriously and attack him. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the man’s attitude towards the robot economy? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Supportive. 【答案】B 【原文】W: What do you think of the robot economy? Some people think robots will replace human beings one day. M: Though robots benefit us a lot, it is humans who create and control them. 4．（本题1.5分）What is the woman most probably? A．A secretary. B．A waitress. C．A student. 【答案】A 【原文】M: When are you going to give me the schedule? W: I apologize for the delay, Mr Parker. Arranging this meeting has taken me a long time. I’ll finish everything by next week. M: All right. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the man mean? A．The woman is lying. B．The woman is always late for school. C．The woman should look after her mother. 【答案】A 【原文】M: You are too late, I am sorry but you can’t take the exam now. W: I am sorry, but my mother was ill in bed this morning and I had to look after her. M: Be honest! Your mother was talking with the headmaster in his office when I passed by. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Where are the speakers now? A．In Vancouver. B．In San Francisco. C．In Seattle. 7．(1.5分)What does the man do? A．A student. B．A travel agent. C．A teacher. 【答案】6．B 7．B 【原文】M: Great party, isn’t it? W: Yes, wonderful. M: By the way, I’m Mike. W: Hi, Mike. I’m Kyoko. M: Nice to meet you. Where are you from? W: Japan, but I live here in San Francisco now. I’m studying at the university. How about you? Are you American? M: No, actually I’m Canadian. I’m from Vancouver. W: Oh really? Do you live there? M: No, I live in Seattle now. W: Oh, nice city. What do you do? M: I’m a travel agent there. Well, it was nice talking with you. W: Me too. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Why did the woman’s computer probably break? A．It got wet. B．It was too old. C．It suffered high heat 9．(1.5分)What is the woman’s main concern? A．Recovering her files. B．Fixing her computer quickly. C．Getting a new computer cheaply. 10．(1.5分)What will the man do for the woman? A．Fix her computer. B．Recycle her computer. C．Recommend a different computer repair shop. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 【原文】W: I’ve had this laptop for five years. There are so many valuable things saved on it. M: Did you back them up? It’s a good idea to back up your photos and videos. W: I never thought I needed to. How did the computer break down? M: It’s hard to say. Was it dropped or exposed to water? W: Actually, I left it outside on my balcony by accident. M: I see. It must have been rained on. W: It wasn’t that. But it was in direct sunlight for hours. M: In this summer heat? It must have fried the internal components and processors. W: I didn’t know that was possible. Can I save the photos, at least? M: I’m afraid not. We can replace it with a new laptop model, though. W: I also need the memory saved on this laptop for work.  Is it really damaged beyond repair? M: I’m afraid so, but there are useful parts we can recycle for money.  If so, we can give you a discount on a new computer. W: OK, I guess I’ll do that. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)What is the story about London based on? A．Teamwork. B．Clean Air Act. C．Air pollution. 12．(1.5分)What does the woman say about her city? A．It is heavily polluted. B．Many factories will be built. C．Factories are moving out of town. 13．(1.5分)Who has taken measures to protect the environment in the woman’s city? A．Old factories. B．The government. C．Individuals. 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．B 【原文】W: So you are from London, David. Some time ago I read an interesting story about the London smog. M: Oh, yes. It’s about a blind woman leading a man with good eyesight to his home in heavy smog. W: That’s right. Since then, I’ve always thought it must be terrible to live in London. M: London is no longer like that. The yellow-black winter smog has disappeared since the Clean Air Act took effect in 1956. Since then the average winter sunshine has doubled. W: Really? I wish we could get rid of air pollution here. M: It seems that old factories are usually not equipped with pollution control system. W: But the trouble we have is that even some of the new factories didn’t include pollution control measures when they were built. Besides, quite a number of factories were built in the middle of living areas. M: Oh, that’s too bad. W: Fortunately, our government has already made some policies to protect the environment. We can expect a cleaner and healthier city in the future. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Salesman and customer. C．Reporter and manager. 15．(1.5分)How can people open the front door in the new house? A．With a key. B．By finger touch. C．By having a look at it. 16．(1.5分)What is the robot programmed to do? A．Shopping and guarding. B．Checking and repairing. C．Cleaning and washing. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman think of the new house? A．It’s too expensive. B．It’s worth buying. C．It’s far from satisfactory. 【答案】14．C 15．B 16．C 17．A 【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Black. Our newspaper is going to introduce the new house that your company has built. Could you tell me something about it? M: All right. The new house has a complete home system. It will make people’s lives easier. W: Good. Please tell me how this house will make people’s lives easier. M: When you arrive at the front door, you don’t need a key to open it. The door will open with a touch of your finger. You’ll be able to check your refrigerator when you’re at the grocery store and find out what you need to buy. W: Oh, that’s wonderful. By the way, can I give an order to the washing machine? M: Sure. But you won’t need to. The house comes with a robot. It is programmed to clean the house and do the washing. W: Great. How much does the new house cost, please? M: A million dollars. W: A million dollars! It will be thirty years before I can afford to buy such a house! （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What did Rachel Carson focus on at first? A．Oceans. B．Chemistry. C．Food. 19．(1.5分)What is Silent Spring mainly about? A．The effects of birds’ unusual behavior. B．The improvements in farming practices. C．The connection between humans and nature. 20．(1.5分)What does the speaker suggest? A．Printing books by Carson. B．Stopping using chemicals. C．Reflecting on Carson’s message. 【答案】18．A 19．C 20．C 【原文】 Rachel Carson is the first scientist who gets people thinking about the way we humans are causing everlasting damage to the Earth. At first, she wrote books about oceans, but gradually she became aware of the danger of chemicals like DDT and the way they can harm the whole of the food chain. She wrote her classic book Silent Spring in 1962 to explain how humans and nature are connected. The title of Silent Spring refers to the fact that one day all the birds might be dead so they won’t be able to sing in the springtime. The agricultural and chemical industries reacted very badly to the book and said she was unprofessional. But further research by other scientists proved that she was right about the dangers of chemicals used to kill insects. Nowadays there is an improvement in farming practices, but unfortunately things in general are still getting worse, rather than better. We still need to read Rachel Carson’s book and think about its message. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The lines separating one culture from another are not very clear. However we can classify (归类) different cultures based on several types of cultures.Material culture Material culture is a physical culture that people create or make by society. China is known for producing good phones, and America has cars. This production is something common enough to unite society, therefore, becoming a part of material culture.Non-material culture This type of culture is part of a culture that we cannot touch, feel, taste, or hold. Non-material culture has a great influence on our lives. In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling (跪下) to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria.Popular culture The activities of the citizens determine popular culture. What songs are people listening to? What are the favorite movies of people? People’s dress at a particular time is an excellent example of popular culture. Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular.Corporate culture In some places of work, they can allow their workers to dress very informally, but in some areas, you have to dress formally. As a footballer, you can’t wear jeans and a pair of farm boots to the field to play football. The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another. One of the key features of culture is that you can learn it, and learning culture is the quickest way of preserving a culture from one generation to another. 21．(2.5分)What is an example of non- material culture? A．Popular music. B．Respect for elders. C．Dressing formally. D．Traditional clothing. 22．(2.5分)How does corporate culture differ from the other types of culture? A．It changes rapidly over time. B．It is greatly influenced by technology. C．It is specific to a particular workplace. D．It is determined by the activities of the citizens. 23．(2.5分)Which culture is impacted by some groups of people according to the text? A．Popular culture. B．Material culture. C．Corporate culture. D．Non- material culture. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍基于不同类型对文化进行的分类，包括物质文化、非物质文化、流行文化和企业文化。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria.(在尼日利亚，孩子必须尊重长辈，通过下跪来表示尊重，这极大地影响了尼日利亚年轻人的生活)”可知，尊重长辈属于非物质文化的例子。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another.(一个工作场所的文化与另一个工作场所的文化完全不同)”可知，企业文化的特殊性在于它特定于某个工作场所，这与其他类型的文化不同。故选C项。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular.(社交媒体网红、音乐家以及电影制片人能够影响哪些活动以及哪种着装最为流行。)”可知，流行文化会受到一些人群的影响。故选A项。 （本题10分）Reporters rushed to find Rehan Sujeewa Staton a handful of years ago when news broke that a sanitation(公共卫生) worker had been accepted to Harvard Law School. Their various versions of a self-made American success story went viral. Now, as Staton prepares to graduate, he wants to make one thing crystal clear: It wasn’t just him, but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways. “I worked for a trash company. where my co-workers told me that I should go to college instead. I had a boss who let me leave work and go to school. I had a cousin who helped me study for the Law School Admission Test. My brother dropped out of college to help with the family finances. My dad sacrificed a lot for me. I could keep going down this list. I got lucky, but I made the most of my luck,” he said. From early on Staton understood the instability of life. He and his brother were raised by their dad. The family of three struggled to make ends meet. After high school, Staton got a job at a trash and recycling company. It motivated him to find his way to the University of Maryland while continuing to work. Staton cleaned garbage containers and collected trash from 4 a.m. until 7 a.m., and after that, he would go to classes. The desire for a better life for him and his family was the main reason why Staton applied to law school. At Harvard Law School, Staton found a community of professors, classmates, administrators and staff who helped him to get through. To show his gratitude to the service staff, he raised money to give 100 gift certificates to each service worker of Harvard Law School and founded “The Reciprocity(互助) Effect” to honor other such workers at universities and corporate institutions. “I didn’t want to change after going to Law School,” he said. “The allure(诱惑) is huge. I went to work in fancy places. I made cool connections and friendships. But I don’t want to forget who I am.” 24．(2.5分)What made Staton the focus of reporters’ attention? A．His donation to service workers. B．His admission to Harvard. C．His popularity on social media. D．His job as a cleaner. 25．(2.5分)What does Staton consider crucial to his success? A．Assistance from others. B．Academic environments. C．Access to educational opportunities. D．A bit of luck. 26．(2.5分)Why did Staton refuse to change after attending Law School? A．He valued his personal connections over success. B．He was quite content with his present life. C．He wanted to stay true to his roots and values. D．He was not ready to let go of his past experiences. 27．(2.5分)What can we learn from the story? A．The early bird catches the worm. B．Two heads are better than one. C．A grateful heart is a beginning of greatness. D．A rising tide lifts all boats. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名清洁工在自己的努力和他人的帮助下成功考入哈佛法学院，并通过自己的行动对帮助过他的人表达感激的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Reporters rushed to find Rehan Sujeewa Staton a handful of years ago when news broke that a sanitation (公共卫生) worker had been accepted to Harvard Law School.(几年前，当一名环卫工人被哈佛法学院录取的消息传出时，记者们争相寻找Rehan Sujeewa Staton。)”可知，Staton被哈佛录取的消息引起了记者的关注。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now, as Staton prepares to graduate, he wants to make one thing crystal clear: It wasn’t just him, but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways.(如今，Staton即将毕业，他想把一件事说清楚：促成这一切的，不只是他自己，还有身边的人，他们以非常直接、有时甚至出人意料的方式提供了帮助。)”可知，Staton认为他的成功离不开身边人的帮助。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据第五段中“‘I didn’t want to change after going to Law School,’ he said. ‘The allure(诱惑) is huge. I went to work in fancy places. I made cool connections and friendships. But I don’t want to forget who I am.’(‘我不希望读法学院后就变了，’他说，‘那种诱惑太大了。我去过高档场所工作，也结识了厉害的人脉、交到了不错的朋友。但我不想忘记自己是谁。’)”可知，他想坚持自己的原则和价值观。故选C。 27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Staton克服了各种困难，最终成为哈佛法学院的学生，取得了成功。然而，他并没有把成功归功于自己，而是感激身边人的帮助。他感谢曾在垃圾处理公司工作的同事，感谢老板鼓励他上学，感谢表兄帮助他备考，感谢为家庭牺牲的兄弟，感谢为他辛苦付出的父亲。此外，他还筹集资金感谢哈佛法学院的工作人员，并创立了“互惠效应”组织，以表彰其他类似的工作人员。这些举动充分展现了他的感恩之心，他的成功也在于此。故选C。 （本题10分）A famous American poet Robert Frost once said, “Poetry is what gets lost in translation. ”But XuYuanchong, well-known Chinese translator, had tried to convey the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry throughout his life. His teacher Qian Zhongshu commented on his poetry translation, “You are dancing while chained by rhyme and rhythm, but the dance shows amazing freedom and beauty, which is quite impressive.” Since 1978, Xu had published more than 100 translated works in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers at home and abroad. Most notably, he translated Chinese poems into rhymed verses in both English and French. He was also the first Asian winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature. Xu was known to be very fastidious in his work. For him, English is a “ scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range of content. Following this principle, Xu kept not only faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translation. Through Xu’s translations, time-honored Chinese wisdom has made an impact on Western societies and the world. For example, when former US president Barack Obama tried to begin a healthcare project during his presidency, some senators disagreed at first. But after reading the poem titled Fishing in Snow translated by Xu, one senator was so impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chose to part with the party line to support Obama. Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a routine. Every day he translated about1, 000 words, working till 3 to 4 a. m., sleeping for about 3 hours and getting up at 6 a. m. to continue.“ Translation is a means of communicating with the writer’s soul. A sudden flicker of a good word or a good line thrills every pore (毛孔) and every inch of my skin,” Xu said. 28．(2.5分)What does the text tell us about Xu Yuanchong? A．He mastered at least three foreign languages. B．He translated about 100 Chinese works into English. C．He was the first winner of the Aurora Borcalis Prize. D．He was widely known for his translated rhymed verses. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “fastidious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Particular. B．Satisfied. C．Inventive. D．Productive. 30．(2.5分)Why does the author give the example in Paragraph 4? A．To recommend Xu’s translation works. B．To stress the charm of Chinese poetry. C．To show Xu’s great translation skills. D．To prove the wisdom of the ancient Chinese. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following words can best describe Xu? A．Thoughtful and modest. B．Generous and objective C．Creative and open-minded. D．Devoted and hard-working. 【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名翻译家许渊冲对于翻译的贡献。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 1978, Xu had published more than 100 translated works in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers at home and abroad. Most notably, he translated Chinese poems into rhymed verses in both English and French.(自1978年以来，许出版了100多部中、英、法翻译作品，在国内外拥有数百万读者。最值得注意的是，他将中国诗歌翻译成英语和法语的押韵诗)”可知，他以翻译押韵诗而广为人知。故选D。 29．词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“For him, English is a “ scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range of content. Following this principle, Xu kept not only faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translation.(对他来说，英语是一种“科学”语言，需要精确，而汉语是一种“艺术”语言，包含更广泛的内容。遵循这一原则，他在翻译中既保持了意义上的忠实，又保持了情感上的美)”可知，本段主要讲述了许渊冲先生在他的翻译中不仅追求“直”也追求“美”，由此可推知，他在翻译时是极其严谨和注重细节的。fastidious意为“讲究的，挑剔的”。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, when former US president Barack Obama tried to begin a healthcare project during his presidency, some senators disagreed at first. But after reading the poem titled Fishing in Snow translated by Xu, one senator was so impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chose to part with the party line to support Obama.(例如，当美国前总统Barack Obama在其任期内试图启动一项医疗保健项目时，一些参议员起初表示反对。但在阅读了许翻译的《江雪》这首诗后，一位参议员被这位渔夫的独立思考所打动，选择放弃党派路线，转而支持奥巴马)”可推知，本段是为了说明许渊冲的翻译技巧之高。故选C。 31．推理判断题。根据第二段“Since 1978, Xu had published more than 100 translated works in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers at home and abroad.(自1978年以来，许出版了100多部中、英、法翻译作品，在国内外拥有数百万读者)”以及最后一段“Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a routine. Every day he translated about1, 000 words, working till 3 to 4 a. m., sleeping for about 3 hours and getting up at 6 a. m. to continue. ‘Translation is a means of communicating with the writer’s soul. A sudden flicker of a good word or a good line thrills every pore (毛孔) and every inch of my skin,’ Xu said.(取得如此大的成就后，许保持着常规。他每天翻译大约1000个单词，工作到凌晨3、4点，睡3个小时左右，早上6点起床继续工作。‘翻译是与作者心灵交流的一种方式。突然闪现的一个好词或一条好线让我的每一个毛孔和每一寸皮肤都兴奋不已。’许说)”可推知，许渊冲热衷于翻译事业且非常努力。故选D。 （本题10分）Global sea levels continue to rise, posing a significant threat to coastal populations worldwide. Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution. This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters. The proposed city is a wonder of modern design. Structurally, each 25-acre unit houses up to 50,000 residents, with its buildings kept at a height of under 90 meters for stability. Using seawater-resistant materials, these structures are also designed to be flexible, much like bamboo, to resist waves. Energy-wise, the project plans to use a mix of renewable energy sources, getting power from wind, water, and the sun to power the city. A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators. The project also offers significant environmental advantages. A 2023 study by the Marine Future Institute suggests that, compared to building artificial islands, this floating method protects up to 68% more of the marine ecosystem. Furthermore, its closed-loop system is expected to reduce carbon emissions by over 90%compared to a land-based city of a similar size. However, despite these benefits, significant challenges remain. Financially, the initial construction cost is estimated to be 30% higher than traditional land-based developments. Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually. Moreover, comprehensive emergency plans for events such as tsunamis are still in development. “This isn’t about abandoning coasts,” notes designer Tim Fu, “but evolving with them.” While its long-term success is still debated, the design redefines urban strength under challenging situations. Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. “Cities must learn to dance with the waves,” Curci concludes. This philosophy could transform humanity’s relationship with rising seas, turning a threat into a sustainable opportunity. 32．(2.5分)What drove Luca Curci Architects to come up with a new design? A．Energy crisis. B．Potential disasters. C．Tourism expansion. D．Overcrowded cities. 33．(2.5分)Which of the following best describes Luca Curci’s design? A．Adaptable and innovative. B．Fictional and renewable. C．Eco-friendly and immovable. D．Wave-resistant and conventional. 34．(2.5分)A major limitation of the Floating City project is that ______. A．its carbon emissions are higher than land-based cities B．it negatively impacts marine life more than artificial islands C．its structures require regular repair due to seawater exposure D．its emergency planning for tsunamis is fully completed 35．(2.5分)Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Ocean Protection: Life under Threat. B．Rising with the Tides: Floating Cities. C．Connecting to the Future: Eco Solutions. D．Coastal Design: Inspiration from Bamboo. 【答案】32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Luca Curci建筑事务所为应对海平面上升带来的沿海灾害威胁，提出的“漂浮城市”设计方案，阐述了该设计的结构特点、环保优势，同时分析了其面临的挑战，并点明该设计体现的与自然和谐共生的城市建设理念。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution.(面对两大主要威胁：持续的海平面上升，以及到2070年亚洲沿海城市将有3660万人可能面临年度洪水的预测，Luca Curci建筑事务所提出了‘漂浮城市’这一开创性的解决方案。)”可知，潜在的灾害促使该事务所推出新设计。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据第一段“This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters.(该设计使城市区域能够适应不断上升的水位，直接应对这些日益严重的灾害。)”以及第二段“A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators.(其关键创新点在于安全系统：极端天气下，平台能借鉴鱼群躲避捕食者的方式自动分离并重新组合。)”可知，该设计兼具适应性与创新性。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually.(在技术层面，持续暴露在海水中会损坏材料，研究表明平台表面每年可能有高达15%的部分需要维修。)”可知，该项目的一大局限是结构因受海水侵蚀需定期维修。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution.(面对两大主要威胁：持续的海平面上升，以及到2070年亚洲沿海城市将有3660万人可能面临年度洪水的预测，Luca Curci建筑事务所提出了‘漂浮城市’这一开创性的解决方案。)”以及第五段“Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. ‘Cities must learn to dance with the waves,’ Curci concludes.(与对抗自然的刚性海堤不同，这些动态结构旨在与海洋节奏和谐共生。Curci总结道：‘城市必须学会与海浪共舞。’)”可知，文章核心是介绍随潮汐发展的漂浮城市设计。B“随潮而起：漂浮的城市。”符合主题，适合用作标题，故选B。 （本题12.5分）How to Make the World a Better Place When you think about people who have made the world a better place, you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders. 36(2.5分) Ordinary people like you and me can also help a lot. An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person’s face even if only for a moment. Give away your money. Choose charity that has meaning for you. For example, if you want to help hungry children, you can try to find an international organization that provides food for those in poor areas. 37(2.5分) Share your knowledge. If a friend needs skills in a certain area, offer your advice. Perhaps she is struggling to set up a computer, and you know how to do that. Offer whatever ability you have, but always remember to be polite. Help a stranger. Your small actions can brighten the day of others. Hold the door for someone whose hands are full. 38(2.5分) Give your seat on the bus to an old man. The key is expecting nothing in return for your acts of kindness. 39(2.5分) Show the people close to you how much you care about them. Tell them they mean a lot to you. Make a beautiful gift for a friend. Take your husband to his favourite fun place if he has had a hard week. Tell your children how much they mean to you. Be grateful to others. 40(2.5分) Thank the waiter. Do you have a very good neighbour who is always there when you need her? Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life. A．That is not all the truth. B．Care about those you know. C．Help the blind cross the street. D．You should know what love means. E．Every cent you give away will mean a lot. F．Have you had good service in a restaurant? G．You should learn to express gratitude to others. 【答案】36．A 37．E 38．C 39．B 40．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就普通人如何让世界变得更美好提出了一些建议。 【详解】36．根据上文“When you think about people who have made the world a better place, you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders.(当你想到那些让世界变得更美好的人时，你可能会想到著名的科学家或伟大的领袖)”以及后文“Ordinary people like you and me can also help a lot. An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person’s face even if only for a moment.(像你我这样的普通人也能帮上很多忙。一个善意的行为可以给一个人带来微笑，即使只是片刻)”可知，本句是对上文句子的一种否定，故A选项“这并非全部事实”符合语境，故选A。 37．根据上文“Give away your money. Choose charity that has meaning for you. For example, if you want to help hungry children, you can try to find an international organization that provides food for those in poor areas.(把你的钱捐出去。选择对你有意义的慈善事业。例如，如果你想帮助饥饿的孩子，你可以试着找到一个为贫困地区的人提供食物的国际组织)”可知，本段的主旨是捐款，且E选项中give away对应上文Give away。故E选项“你捐出的每一分钱都意义重大”符合语境，故选E。 38．根据上文“Hold the door for someone whose hands are full.(帮手不得空的人开门)”以及后文“Give your seat on the bus to an old man.(在公共汽车上把你的座位让给一位老人)”可知，本句是在列举帮助陌生人的行为。故C选项“帮助盲人过马路”符合语境，故选C。 39．根据本段内容“Show the people close to you how much you care about them. Tell them they mean a lot to you. Make a beautiful gift for a friend. Take your husband to his favourite fun place if he has had a hard week. Tell your children how much they mean to you.(让你身边的人知道你有多在乎他们。告诉他们，他们对你很重要。给朋友做一件漂亮的礼物。如果你丈夫一周过得很辛苦，带他去他最喜欢的娱乐场所。告诉你的孩子他们对你有多重要)”可知，本段的主旨是关心身边的人，故B选项“关心你认识的人”符合语境，故选B。 40．根据后文“Thank the waiter. Do you have a very good neighbour who is always there when you need her? Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life.(谢谢服务员。你是否有一个在你需要的时候总是在你身边的好邻居？告诉她你有多感激她出现在你的生活中)”可知，本句应该是举例一个在餐馆中发生的场景，故F选项“你在饭店里享受到好的服务吗？”符合语境，故选F。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）His goal was to walk around the world. 27 years later, he’s about to finish. In 1998, British 41 Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a 42 goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of 43 . What he didn’t know then was that it would stretch into a remarkable 27-year journey 44 continents, oceans, and history itself. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, 45 polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating 46 visa setbacks, the 56-year-old ex-paratrooper (前伞兵) is 47 on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Chile, trekking (跋涉) north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he 48 one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. 49 with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to 50 between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His 51 didn’t stop there. Bushby was held in Russia for entering incorrectly and banned for five years. Sponsorships 52 during the 2008 financial crisis. The pandemic stopped his progress. Visa issues left him 53 in Mexico for years. But he refused to quit. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find 54 . His mission has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global pandemic, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most 55 human endurance journeys ever attempted. 41．A．historian B．photographer C．adventurer D．journalist 42．A．realistic B．daring C．collective D．demanding 43．A．transport B．navigation C．communication D．equipment 44．A．connecting B．including C．covering D．overcoming 45．A．hunting B．feeding C．threatening D．surviving 46．A．scarce B．minor C．countless D．occasional 47．A．consequently B．randomly C．unexpectedly D．ultimately 48．A．attempted B．sought C．recognized D．advocated 49．A．Loaded B．Armed C．Confronted D．Provided 50．A．swap B．leap C．slip D．march 51．A．challenges B．achievements C．inspirations D．pursuits 52．A．used up B．pulled down C．backed down D．dried up 53．A．isolated B．settled C．rooted D．stuck 54．A．warmth B．company C．shelter D．comfort 55．A．extraordinary B．conventional C．universal D．historical 【答案】 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．B 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国冒险家Karl Bushby从1998年开始计划徒步环游世界、不借助任何交通工具返回家乡，历经27年的艰险旅程与重重挑战后，即将完成这一非凡壮举的故事。 【详解】41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1998年，英国冒险家Karl Bushby眺望智利的一条道路，定下了一个大胆的目标：一路步行回到英国赫尔的家，全程不使用任何交通工具。A. historian历史学家；B. photographer摄影师；C. adventurer冒险家；D. journalist记者。根据下文“Bushby began his adventure in Chile”可知，他的身份是冒险家。故选C。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1998年，英国冒险家Karl Bushby眺望智利的一条道路，定下了一个大胆的目标：一路步行回到英国赫尔的家，全程不使用任何交通工具。A. realistic现实的；B. daring大胆的；C. collective集体的；D. demanding费力的。根据下文“walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of ____ ”可知，该目标极具胆识。故选B。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1998年，英国冒险家Karl Bushby眺望智利的一条道路，定下了一个大胆的目标：一路步行回到英国赫尔的家，全程不使用任何交通工具。A. transport交通工具；B. navigation导航；C. communication通讯；D. equipment设备。根据上文“walk all the way home”可知，此处指不使用各类交通工具。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时他还不知道，这段旅程会延伸成一段历时27年的非凡之旅，横跨各大洲、大洋，历经岁月变迁。A. connecting连接；B. including包含；C. covering覆盖、横跨；D. overcoming克服。根据下文“continents, oceans”可知，covering用于描述旅程的跨度。故选C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，在徒步36000英里、死里逃生躲过北极熊、横渡海洋、应对无数签证阻碍后，这位56岁的前伞兵终于迎来了最后冲刺阶段。A. hunting捕猎；B. feeding投喂；C. threatening威胁；D. surviving从……中逃生。根据下文“polar bears”可知，此处指徒步者面对生命威胁时幸存了下来。故选D。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，在徒步36000英里、死里逃生躲过北极熊、横渡海洋、应对无数签证阻碍后，这位56岁的前伞兵终于迎来了最后冲刺阶段。A. scarce稀缺的；B. minor次要的；C. countless无数的；D. occasional偶尔的。根据下文“through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska”、“Russia”以及“in Mexico for years”可知，签证阻碍数量极多。故选C。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如今，在徒步36000英里、死里逃生躲过北极熊、横渡海洋、应对无数签证阻碍后，这位56岁的前伞兵终于迎来了最后冲刺阶段。A. consequently因此；B. randomly随意地；C. unexpectedly意外地；D. ultimately最终、终于。根据上文“27 years later, he’s about to finish”可知，此处表示最终步入收尾阶段。故选D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2006年，他尝试了旅程中最危险的路段之一：穿越冰封的白令海峡，进入西伯利亚。A. attempted尝试；B. sought寻找；C. recognized辨认出，认可；D. advocated提倡。根据下文“he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done”可知，该路段难度极高，他尝试完成这一挑战。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带着一把枪防身，用以吓退北极熊，还被迫在漂浮移动的冰块间跳跃，他完成了世上极少有人能做到的事。A. Loaded装载；B. Armed配备、携带；C. Confronted面对；D. Provided提供。根据下文“with a gun”可知，此处用固定搭配armed with，表示“配备着、携带着”。故选B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带着一把枪防身，用以吓退北极熊，还被迫在漂浮移动的冰块间跳跃，他完成了世上极少有人能做到的事。A. swap交换；B. leap跳跃；C. slip滑倒；D. march行军。根据下文“moving blocks of ice”可知，徒步者需在冰块间跳跃前进。故选B。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他面临的挑战并未就此止步。A. challenges挑战、困境；B. achievements成就；C. inspirations灵感；D. pursuits追求。根据下文“banned for five years”以及“the pandemic stopped his progress”可知，此处指各种挑战。故选A。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：2008年金融危机期间，他的赞助资金彻底中断。A. used up用完；B. pulled down拆毁；C. backed down退缩；D. dried up枯竭、中断。根据下文“2008 financial crisis”可知，此处用dried up，指“（资金、资源）断供”。故选D。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：签证问题让他在墨西哥滞留了数年之久。A. isolated孤立的；B. settled定居的；C. rooted扎根的；D. stuck滞留的。根据上文“visa issues”以及“the pandemic stopped his progress”可知，签证问题导致他滞留在墨西哥。故选D。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bushby平均每天步行30公里，只要能找到栖身之处就停下来休息。A. warmth温暖；B. company陪伴；C. shelter栖身之所、庇护处；D. comfort舒适。根据上文“walks an average of 30km a day”的户外徒步背景可知，Bushby的需求是遮风挡雨的地方。故选C。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他步入这场人类有史以来最非凡的耐力之旅的最后篇章时，全世界都在为他加油鼓劲。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. conventional传统的；C. universal普遍的；D. historical历史的。根据上文“27 years”以及“36,000 miles”可知，该旅程是非凡的。故选A。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Eleven years after having Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默病) disease, 91-year-old Wu Mingzhu sometimes fails 56(1.5分) (recognize) her previous colleagues or even family members 57(1.5分) live by her side. But her memory of the melon varieties (种类) she developed while working in Xinjiang remains. Born in Hubei Province, she 58(1.5分) (admit) to Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in the late 1940s. Wu filed 59(1.5分) application in 1955, and finally received an agreement. In the winter of the same year, she boarded a truck with all her 60(1.5分) (possession) and left for Xinjiang. Though local watermelons and muskmelons (甜瓜) tasted sweet, Wu found that the local farmers mainly relied on 61(1.5分) (tradition) farming techniques, and there was still much room for progress 62(1.5分) the quantity and quality of their melons. Starting in 1956, Wu and her colleagues met with local farmers to explore resources in the summer heat of over 40℃. She experimented with different methods on melons during the day, and read documents that 63(1.5分) (record) 44 melon varieties before she arrived under the candle at night. She developed new resources—10 watermelon varieties and 19 muskmelon varieties, featuring characteristics like better disease resistance, finer fruit quality, and greater adaptability, 64(1.5分) (help) the farmers fatten their wallets. So we Chinese can 65(1.5分) (crazy) eat watermelons in the hot summers. 【答案】 56．to recognize 57．who/that 58．was admitted 59．an 60．possessions 61．traditional 62．in 63．had recorded 64．helping 65．crazily 【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了我国著名“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的事迹。 【详解】56．考查非谓语动词。句意：患有阿尔茨海默病11年后，91岁的吴明珠有时会认不出以前的同事，甚至是生活在她身边的家人。短语fail to do表示“未能做成某事”，故填to recognize。 57．考查定语从句。句意：患有阿尔茨海默病11年后，91岁的吴明珠有时会认不出以前的同事，甚至是生活在她身边的家人。该句为定语从句，修饰表示人的先行词“family members”，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。 58．考查被动语态。句意：她出生于湖北省，20世纪40年代末考入重庆西南农学院。 she与admit构成被动关系，根据后文in the late 1940s可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was admitted。 59．考查冠词。句意：吴于1955年提出了申请，并最终得到了同意。名词application为可数名词，为首次出现，表示泛指，应使用不定冠词进行修饰，且该词为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 60．考查名词单复数。句意：同年冬天，她带着全部家当登上卡车，前往新疆。possession为可数名词，表示“财产”，前有形容词all修饰，应使用复数形式，故填possessions。 61．考查形容词。句意：虽然当地的西瓜和甜瓜味道很甜，但吴发现当地农民主要依靠传统的种植技术，他们的瓜在数量和质量上还有很大的进步空间。该空修饰后面的名词techniques，应为形容词traditional，故填traditional。 62．考查介词。句意：虽然当地的西瓜和甜瓜味道很甜，但吴发现当地农民主要依靠传统的种植技术，他们的瓜在数量和质量上还有很大的进步空间。短语make progress in可知，progress需要与in搭配，构成“在某方面的进步”，故填in。 63．考查动词时态。句意：白天，她用不同的方法在甜瓜上做实验，晚上在蜡烛下，她阅读了记录了44个甜瓜品种的文件。“ before she arrived under the candle at night.”表明了这些文献是过去的过去记录的，应使用过去完成时，故填had recorded。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：她开发了新的资源——10个西瓜品种和19个甜瓜品种，具有抗病性更好、果实品质更好、适应性更强等特点，帮助农民增加了他们的钱包。分析句子结构可知，可知该空应为伴随状语，且表示主动关系，故填helping。 65．考查副词。句意：所以我们中国人可以在炎热的夏天尽情地吃西瓜。该空修饰谓语动词eat应用副词crazily，表示“狂热地”，故填crazily。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）你校英语俱乐部计划举办一场以“A Scientist I Respect Most”为题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 科学成就； 3. 个人感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Scientist I Respect Most ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】高分范文 A Scientist I Respect Most The scientist I respect most is Tu Youyou, a famous female chemist and scientist. She has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing after graduation. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin, for which she won many awards. To our excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on October 5th, 2015, which made her become the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize. What impressed me most was that Tu Youyou and her team have been committed to drug research and development. From them, I learned not only the spirit of scientific research, but also that we should persist in doing what we love. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英文演讲稿，说明人物简介、科学成就以及个人感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous→well-known 致力于：be committed to→devote oneself to 尊敬：respect→hornor 令某人高兴的是：to one’s delight→to one’s joy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：She has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing after graduation. 拓展句：She has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing after she graduated. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What impressed me most was that Tu Youyou and her team have been committed to drug research and development.（运用了what引导主语从句） 【高分句型2】To our excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on October 5th, 2015, which made her become the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out. He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business. I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man. The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they didn’t have lunch either. She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on fruit farms. After lunch, the girl’s mother put a paper bag of fruit in my jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.     After they left, I got into my jeep and opened the paper bag. There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them. At the same time, there was a note written by a girl, which read “We are very happy to be able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood.” This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer. 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了去年作者汽车出现了三次故障，大多数人都懒得帮忙，作者对此感到很厌烦。有一次，他的汽车又出故障了。他在路边求助了接近3个小时，但是没有人停下来帮忙。就在打算放弃的时候，一个过路的墨西哥家庭停下来，提供了帮助。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在我要说再见的时候，女孩问我是否吃过午饭了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和墨西哥家庭一块儿吃午饭的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“在他们离开后，我上了吉普车，打开纸袋。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这一家人离开后，在纸袋里发现什么，以及自己的感受。2.续写线索：吃午餐——交流——感谢——上车——发现东西——感悟 3.词汇激活行为类 ①吃午餐：have lunch/It's time for lunch/eat lunch ②交流：communicate/talk/chat ③回家：go home/return home/be home/come back home/get home ④发现：find/discover/find out/spot 情绪类 ①感谢：showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful ②积极：positive attitude/act positively 【点睛】[高分句型1] I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours.(由because引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2].But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm.(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger.(不定式做主语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 1 People of Achievement（适中版02） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．An artist. B．The bears in the zoo. C．An amazing painting. 2．（本题1.5分）What does Elon Musk talk about on social media? A．His personality. B．His future plans. C．The people who attacked him. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the man’s attitude towards the robot economy? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Supportive. 4．（本题1.5分）What is the woman most probably? A．A secretary. B．A waitress. C．A student. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the man mean? A．The woman is lying. B．The woman is always late for school. C．The woman should look after her mother. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Where are the speakers now? A．In Vancouver. B．In San Francisco. C．In Seattle. 7．(1.5分)What does the man do? A．A student. B．A travel agent. C．A teacher. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Why did the woman’s computer probably break? A．It got wet. B．It was too old. C．It suffered high heat 9．(1.5分)What is the woman’s main concern? A．Recovering her files. B．Fixing her computer quickly. C．Getting a new computer cheaply. 10．(1.5分)What will the man do for the woman? A．Fix her computer. B．Recycle her computer. C．Recommend a different computer repair shop. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)What is the story about London based on? A．Teamwork. B．Clean Air Act. C．Air pollution. 12．(1.5分)What does the woman say about her city? A．It is heavily polluted. B．Many factories will be built. C．Factories are moving out of town. 13．(1.5分)Who has taken measures to protect the environment in the woman’s city? A．Old factories. B．The government. C．Individuals. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Salesman and customer. C．Reporter and manager. 15．(1.5分)How can people open the front door in the new house? A．With a key. B．By finger touch. C．By having a look at it. 16．(1.5分)What is the robot programmed to do? A．Shopping and guarding. B．Checking and repairing. C．Cleaning and washing. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman think of the new house? A．It’s too expensive. B．It’s worth buying. C．It’s far from satisfactory. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What did Rachel Carson focus on at first? A．Oceans. B．Chemistry. C．Food. 19．(1.5分)What is Silent Spring mainly about? A．The effects of birds’ unusual behavior. B．The improvements in farming practices. C．The connection between humans and nature. 20．(1.5分)What does the speaker suggest? A．Printing books by Carson. B．Stopping using chemicals. C．Reflecting on Carson’s message. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The lines separating one culture from another are not very clear. However we can classify (归类) different cultures based on several types of cultures.Material culture Material culture is a physical culture that people create or make by society. China is known for producing good phones, and America has cars. This production is something common enough to unite society, therefore, becoming a part of material culture.Non-material culture This type of culture is part of a culture that we cannot touch, feel, taste, or hold. Non-material culture has a great influence on our lives. In Nigeria, it’s a must for a child to respect their elders, and it is done by kneeling (跪下) to show respect, and this greatly influences the lives of youth in Nigeria.Popular culture The activities of the citizens determine popular culture. What songs are people listening to? What are the favorite movies of people? People’s dress at a particular time is an excellent example of popular culture. Social media influencers, musicians, and movie producers can impact which activities and what kinds of dressing are the most popular.Corporate culture In some places of work, they can allow their workers to dress very informally, but in some areas, you have to dress formally. As a footballer, you can’t wear jeans and a pair of farm boots to the field to play football. The culture of one workplace is entirely different from that of another. One of the key features of culture is that you can learn it, and learning culture is the quickest way of preserving a culture from one generation to another. 21．(2.5分)What is an example of non- material culture? A．Popular music. B．Respect for elders. C．Dressing formally. D．Traditional clothing. 22．(2.5分)How does corporate culture differ from the other types of culture? A．It changes rapidly over time. B．It is greatly influenced by technology. C．It is specific to a particular workplace. D．It is determined by the activities of the citizens. 23．(2.5分)Which culture is impacted by some groups of people according to the text? A．Popular culture. B．Material culture. C．Corporate culture. D．Non- material culture. （本题10分）Reporters rushed to find Rehan Sujeewa Staton a handful of years ago when news broke that a sanitation(公共卫生) worker had been accepted to Harvard Law School. Their various versions of a self-made American success story went viral. Now, as Staton prepares to graduate, he wants to make one thing crystal clear: It wasn’t just him, but the people around him that made it all possible in very direct and sometimes surprising ways. “I worked for a trash company. where my co-workers told me that I should go to college instead. I had a boss who let me leave work and go to school. I had a cousin who helped me study for the Law School Admission Test. My brother dropped out of college to help with the family finances. My dad sacrificed a lot for me. I could keep going down this list. I got lucky, but I made the most of my luck,” he said. From early on Staton understood the instability of life. He and his brother were raised by their dad. The family of three struggled to make ends meet. After high school, Staton got a job at a trash and recycling company. It motivated him to find his way to the University of Maryland while continuing to work. Staton cleaned garbage containers and collected trash from 4 a.m. until 7 a.m., and after that, he would go to classes. The desire for a better life for him and his family was the main reason why Staton applied to law school. At Harvard Law School, Staton found a community of professors, classmates, administrators and staff who helped him to get through. To show his gratitude to the service staff, he raised money to give 100 gift certificates to each service worker of Harvard Law School and founded “The Reciprocity(互助) Effect” to honor other such workers at universities and corporate institutions. “I didn’t want to change after going to Law School,” he said. “The allure(诱惑) is huge. I went to work in fancy places. I made cool connections and friendships. But I don’t want to forget who I am.” 24．(2.5分)What made Staton the focus of reporters’ attention? A．His donation to service workers. B．His admission to Harvard. C．His popularity on social media. D．His job as a cleaner. 25．(2.5分)What does Staton consider crucial to his success? A．Assistance from others. B．Academic environments. C．Access to educational opportunities. D．A bit of luck. 26．(2.5分)Why did Staton refuse to change after attending Law School? A．He valued his personal connections over success. B．He was quite content with his present life. C．He wanted to stay true to his roots and values. D．He was not ready to let go of his past experiences. 27．(2.5分)What can we learn from the story? A．The early bird catches the worm. B．Two heads are better than one. C．A grateful heart is a beginning of greatness. D．A rising tide lifts all boats. （本题10分）A famous American poet Robert Frost once said, “Poetry is what gets lost in translation. ”But XuYuanchong, well-known Chinese translator, had tried to convey the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry throughout his life. His teacher Qian Zhongshu commented on his poetry translation, “You are dancing while chained by rhyme and rhythm, but the dance shows amazing freedom and beauty, which is quite impressive.” Since 1978, Xu had published more than 100 translated works in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers at home and abroad. Most notably, he translated Chinese poems into rhymed verses in both English and French. He was also the first Asian winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature. Xu was known to be very fastidious in his work. For him, English is a “ scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range of content. Following this principle, Xu kept not only faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translation. Through Xu’s translations, time-honored Chinese wisdom has made an impact on Western societies and the world. For example, when former US president Barack Obama tried to begin a healthcare project during his presidency, some senators disagreed at first. But after reading the poem titled Fishing in Snow translated by Xu, one senator was so impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chose to part with the party line to support Obama. Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a routine. Every day he translated about1, 000 words, working till 3 to 4 a. m., sleeping for about 3 hours and getting up at 6 a. m. to continue.“ Translation is a means of communicating with the writer’s soul. A sudden flicker of a good word or a good line thrills every pore (毛孔) and every inch of my skin,” Xu said. 28．(2.5分)What does the text tell us about Xu Yuanchong? A．He mastered at least three foreign languages. B．He translated about 100 Chinese works into English. C．He was the first winner of the Aurora Borcalis Prize. D．He was widely known for his translated rhymed verses. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “fastidious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Particular. B．Satisfied. C．Inventive. D．Productive. 30．(2.5分)Why does the author give the example in Paragraph 4? A．To recommend Xu’s translation works. B．To stress the charm of Chinese poetry. C．To show Xu’s great translation skills. D．To prove the wisdom of the ancient Chinese. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following words can best describe Xu? A．Thoughtful and modest. B．Generous and objective C．Creative and open-minded. D．Devoted and hard-working. （本题10分）Global sea levels continue to rise, posing a significant threat to coastal populations worldwide. Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution. This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters. The proposed city is a wonder of modern design. Structurally, each 25-acre unit houses up to 50,000 residents, with its buildings kept at a height of under 90 meters for stability. Using seawater-resistant materials, these structures are also designed to be flexible, much like bamboo, to resist waves. Energy-wise, the project plans to use a mix of renewable energy sources, getting power from wind, water, and the sun to power the city. A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators. The project also offers significant environmental advantages. A 2023 study by the Marine Future Institute suggests that, compared to building artificial islands, this floating method protects up to 68% more of the marine ecosystem. Furthermore, its closed-loop system is expected to reduce carbon emissions by over 90%compared to a land-based city of a similar size. However, despite these benefits, significant challenges remain. Financially, the initial construction cost is estimated to be 30% higher than traditional land-based developments. Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually. Moreover, comprehensive emergency plans for events such as tsunamis are still in development. “This isn’t about abandoning coasts,” notes designer Tim Fu, “but evolving with them.” While its long-term success is still debated, the design redefines urban strength under challenging situations. Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. “Cities must learn to dance with the waves,” Curci concludes. This philosophy could transform humanity’s relationship with rising seas, turning a threat into a sustainable opportunity. 32．(2.5分)What drove Luca Curci Architects to come up with a new design? A．Energy crisis. B．Potential disasters. C．Tourism expansion. D．Overcrowded cities. 33．(2.5分)Which of the following best describes Luca Curci’s design? A．Adaptable and innovative. B．Fictional and renewable. C．Eco-friendly and immovable. D．Wave-resistant and conventional. 34．(2.5分)A major limitation of the Floating City project is that ______. A．its carbon emissions are higher than land-based cities B．it negatively impacts marine life more than artificial islands C．its structures require regular repair due to seawater exposure D．its emergency planning for tsunamis is fully completed 35．(2.5分)Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Ocean Protection: Life under Threat. B．Rising with the Tides: Floating Cities. C．Connecting to the Future: Eco Solutions. D．Coastal Design: Inspiration from Bamboo. （本题12.5分）How to Make the World a Better Place When you think about people who have made the world a better place, you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders. 36(2.5分) Ordinary people like you and me can also help a lot. An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person’s face even if only for a moment. Give away your money. Choose charity that has meaning for you. For example, if you want to help hungry children, you can try to find an international organization that provides food for those in poor areas. 37(2.5分) Share your knowledge. If a friend needs skills in a certain area, offer your advice. Perhaps she is struggling to set up a computer, and you know how to do that. Offer whatever ability you have, but always remember to be polite. Help a stranger. Your small actions can brighten the day of others. Hold the door for someone whose hands are full. 38(2.5分) Give your seat on the bus to an old man. The key is expecting nothing in return for your acts of kindness. 39(2.5分) Show the people close to you how much you care about them. Tell them they mean a lot to you. Make a beautiful gift for a friend. Take your husband to his favourite fun place if he has had a hard week. Tell your children how much they mean to you. Be grateful to others. 40(2.5分) Thank the waiter. Do you have a very good neighbour who is always there when you need her? Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life. A．That is not all the truth. B．Care about those you know. C．Help the blind cross the street. D．You should know what love means. E．Every cent you give away will mean a lot. F．Have you had good service in a restaurant? G．You should learn to express gratitude to others. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）His goal was to walk around the world. 27 years later, he’s about to finish. In 1998, British 41 Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a 42 goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of 43 . What he didn’t know then was that it would stretch into a remarkable 27-year journey 44 continents, oceans, and history itself. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, 45 polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating 46 visa setbacks, the 56-year-old ex-paratrooper (前伞兵) is 47 on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Chile, trekking (跋涉) north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he 48 one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. 49 with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to 50 between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His 51 didn’t stop there. Bushby was held in Russia for entering incorrectly and banned for five years. Sponsorships 52 during the 2008 financial crisis. The pandemic stopped his progress. Visa issues left him 53 in Mexico for years. But he refused to quit. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find 54 . His mission has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global pandemic, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most 55 human endurance journeys ever attempted. 41．(1分)A．historian B．photographer C．adventurer D．journalist 42．(1分)A．realistic B．daring C．collective D．demanding 43．(1分)A．transport B．navigation C．communication D．equipment 44．(1分)A．connecting B．including C．covering D．overcoming 45．(1分)A．hunting B．feeding C．threatening D．surviving 46．(1分)A．scarce B．minor C．countless D．occasional 47．(1分)A．consequently B．randomly C．unexpectedly D．ultimately 48．(1分)A．attempted B．sought C．recognized D．advocated 49．(1分)A．Loaded B．Armed C．Confronted D．Provided 50．(1分)A．swap B．leap C．slip D．march 51．(1分)A．challenges B．achievements C．inspirations D．pursuits 52．(1分)A．used up B．pulled down C．backed down D．dried up 53．(1分)A．isolated B．settled C．rooted D．stuck 54．(1分)A．warmth B．company C．shelter D．comfort 55．(1分)A．extraordinary B．conventional C．universal D．historical 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Eleven years after having Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默病) disease, 91-year-old Wu Mingzhu sometimes fails 56(1.5分) (recognize) her previous colleagues or even family members 57(1.5分) live by her side. But her memory of the melon varieties (种类) she developed while working in Xinjiang remains. Born in Hubei Province, she 58(1.5分) (admit) to Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in the late 1940s. Wu filed 59(1.5分) application in 1955, and finally received an agreement. In the winter of the same year, she boarded a truck with all her 60(1.5分) (possession) and left for Xinjiang. Though local watermelons and muskmelons (甜瓜) tasted sweet, Wu found that the local farmers mainly relied on 61(1.5分) (tradition) farming techniques, and there was still much room for progress 62(1.5分) the quantity and quality of their melons. Starting in 1956, Wu and her colleagues met with local farmers to explore resources in the summer heat of over 40℃. She experimented with different methods on melons during the day, and read documents that 63(1.5分) (record) 44 melon varieties before she arrived under the candle at night. She developed new resources—10 watermelon varieties and 19 muskmelon varieties, featuring characteristics like better disease resistance, finer fruit quality, and greater adaptability, 64(1.5分) (help) the farmers fatten their wallets. So we Chinese can 65(1.5分) (crazy) eat watermelons in the hot summers. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）你校英语俱乐部计划举办一场以“A Scientist I Respect Most”为题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 科学成就； 3. 个人感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Scientist I Respect Most ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out. He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business. I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man. The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $