精品解析：贵州师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年度高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年度贵州师范大学附属中学高2024级高二下期末考试 英语学科试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 Wish you all the best on your final exam! 一、听力：30分 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.What will the man do next? A. Unpack his suitcase. B. Board a flight. C. Fill out a form. 2.When did the man go to China? A. In May. B. In July. C. In August. 3.How did the woman finally get to the meeting? A. By bike. B. By bus C. By car. 4.What does the man want to do? A. Cancel an order. B. Ask for a receipt. C. Reschedule a delivery. 5.What is the woman’s attitude toward parents driving their kids to school? A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Indifferent. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.How many slides will the speakers prepare in total? A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. 7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Boss and employee. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What kind of room does the man want? A. A single room. B. A double room. C. A family room. 9.When will the man check out? A. On May 9th. B. On May 11th. C. On May 12th. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.Why does the woman want to get rid of her furniture? A. She is moving to England. B. She wants to buy new ones. C. She doesn’t like them anymore. 11.What will the woman do with the not-so-good kitchen things? A. Sell them online. B. Donate them. C. Throw them away. 12.What is the man interested in? A. The fridge. B. The microwave. C. The books. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What is Matthew doing? A. Writing an education paper. B. Observing a class. C. Giving a speech. 14.What did the students do in the unit mentioned? A. They went to the library to do research on planets. B. They wrote a report on education. C. They gave a presentation on research skills. 15.What does the professor ask Matthew to do on Wednesday? A. Write a speech. B. Talk about the unit in class. C. Observe another class. 16.What does Matthew need to do to prepare for Wednesday? A. Nothing special—just use his observation notes. B. Write a detailed report. C. Prepare a PowerPoint presentation. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.How many animals were affected by Australia’s wildfires according to the WWF report? A. About 1 billion. B. About 3 billion. C. About 180 million. 18.What contributed to the wildfires? A. Higher-than-normal temperatures. B. Heavy rainfall. C. Human carelessness. 19.How did the scientists calculate the wildlife populations? A. By counting animals directly. B. By using information from over 100,000 studies. C. By interviewing local people. 20.What does the WWF report call for? A. More rescue teams. B. Measures to help animals escape from fires. C. Planting more trees in burned areas. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A Maker Market at the 2025 Dogwood Arts Festival April 25-27, 2025| Knoxville, TN The Dogwood Arts Festival is one of the most celebrated cultural events in Knoxville! The festival is held at World’s Fair Park in Knoxville, TN and features over 100 fine art vendors (卖主), a maker market, live music, entertainment, children’s activities, food &beverage vendors, and more. Festival Hours: Maker Market will be Saturday and Sunday only ·Friday, April 25th: 10 AM-7 PM ·Saturday, April 26th: 10 AM-7 PM ·Sunday, April 27th: 10 AM-5 PM ☆Makers can begin breaking down their booths (摊位) no earlier than 5 PM. Application Timeline: ·Application Deadline: February 17th, 2025 ·Move-In Date: Saturday, April 26th, 2025 [entry at 7 am — must be set up by 9] ·Event Date: April 25th-27th, 2025 [Maker Market vendors will only be set up on April 26th-27th] MAKER MARKET CATEGORY Vendors including natural products, paper goods/stickers, pet products/treats, clothing, pre-packaged food/drink, candles, etc. JURY & SELECTION Image quality is very important! Applications will be reviewed by the Dogwood Arts Festival committee. Acceptance information will not be given over the phone prior to written notifications. OUTDOOR ELEMENTS Spending a few days selling artworks at our festival sounds ideal, but when the weather isn’t cooperating with outdoor plans, it’s important to take the necessary precautions to stay as safe and comfortable as possible. Safety is our number one priority. Artists are to use their own judgment regarding bad weather and personal safety. There is no refund of fees for bad weather. The Dogwood Arts Festival goes on rain or shine. 1. How long does the Dogwood Arts Festival last? A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days. D. Five days. 2. What are the vendors allowed to do? A. Serve unpackaged foods to the customers. B. Set up their booths anytime on April 26th. C. Get a refund of fees in case of rainy weather. D. Remove their booths after 5 PM on April 27th. 3. How will the committee respond to the vendors’ applications? A. By making a phone call. B. By having an interview. C. By giving a notice online. D. By writing a formal letter. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2025年山茱萸艺术节的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“April 25-27, 2025| Knoxville, TN (2025年4月25日 27日|田纳西州诺克斯维尔)”可知，山茱萸艺术节从4月25日持续到4月27日，一共持续三天。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Festival Hours:部分中“☆Makers can begin breaking down their booths (摊位) no earlier than 5 PM(☆摊主最早可以在下午5点开始拆除摊位)”可知，摊主可以在4月27日下午5点之后拆除摊位。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据JURY & SELECTION部分中“Applications will be reviewed by the Dogwood Arts Festival committee. Acceptance information will not be given over the phone prior to written notifications.(申请将由山茱萸艺术节委员会审核。在书面通知之前，不会通过电话告知录取信息)”可知，委员会会通过写正式信件的方式回复摊主的申请。故选D项。 B When chemist Robert Hamers cracked (打开) open the cup he had used to heat a brew of’ metal crystals (晶体) , he was greeted with something special: a wonderful small forest in deep shades of green. The cobalt-containing crystals he had been growing for two weeks in a tool had vined their way upward from the base in a surprisingly familiar pattern and shade to match. It looked as if tiny elm trees, surrounded by shrubs and hedges, had been skillfully drawn inside the egg-shaped cup. “I was completely awestruck,” said Hamers. “What really surprised me was, you look at it and you see a trunk is growing down from the bottom, and there are branches, and they are pretty well resolved.” Hamers had set out to grow “a very large” crystal of lithium cobalt dioxide (二氧化钴锂) , the material used in the batteries powering mobile phones, laptops, video cameras, and other electronic devices. He planned to use it to develop a fingerprint of the chemical in nature, through a technique known as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Once developed, the fingerprint could be used to scan landfill sites and other environments for the leaked chemical from discarded (丢弃的) batteries, tracing the chemical to its end of life. There was a long lead up time to cracking open the sealed cup. First, a few bits of lithium cobalt oxide were put inside, an ink-black powder to the eye. Extremely high temperatures are required, reaching beyond 1,292 degrees Fahrenheit. Then the cooling begins: Larger crystals only form if the cooling period is extremely slow — in this case the scientists gave it two weeks. Ultimately, the experiment failed: The crystals that grew inside the cup weren’t big enough for the tests Hamers wanted to do. But his photo of the result won one of the awards of the university’s Science Image Contest. Even failure can carry a touch of magic. 4. What was the outcome of Hamers experiment? A. The crystals were big enough. B. The crystals were dangerous to users. C. The crystals formed a forest-like pattern. D. The experiment was a complete success. 5. How did Hamers feel when he cracked open the cup? A. Disappointed. B. Amazed. C. Doubtful. D. Relieved. 6. What was the main purpose of the chemical fingerprint Hamers wanted to develop? A. To identify the crystal structure. B. To enhance battery performance. C. To improve crystal growth techniques. D. To track the chemical in the environment. 7. What is the text meant to show us? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. You can’t judge a book by its cover. D. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了化学家 Robert Hamers 在进行二氧化钴锂晶体生长实验时，虽然实验未达到预期目标，但却意外得到了具有独特森林状图案的晶体，其照片还在大学科学图像竞赛中获奖，说明了即使失败也可能蕴含着神奇之处。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When chemist Robert Hamers cracked (打开) open the cup he had used to heat a brew of’ metal crystals (晶体) , he was greeted with something special: a wonderful small forest in deep shades of green.( 当化学家Robert Hamers打开他用来加热金属晶体的杯子时，眼前出现了一些特别的东西：一片美丽的深绿色小森林。)”以及第二段“The cobalt-containing crystals he had been growing for two weeks in a tool had vined their way upward from the base in a surprisingly familiar pattern and shade to match. It looked as if tiny elm trees, surrounded by shrubs and hedges, had been skillfully drawn inside the egg-shaped cup.( 他在一个工具里培育了两个星期的含钴晶体，它们以一种令人惊讶的熟悉的模式和颜色从底座向上爬升。它看起来就像被灌木和树篱包围的小榆树被巧妙地画在了鸡蛋形状的杯子里。)” 可知，Hamers实验的结果是晶体形成了类似森林的图案。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““I was completely awestruck,” said Hamers. “What really surprised me was, you look at it and you see a trunk is growing down from the bottom, and there are branches, and they are pretty well resolved.”(“我完全惊呆了，” Hamers说。“真正让我惊讶的是，你看它，你会看到一根树干从底部向下生长，还有树枝，它们很好地解决了问题。”)”可知，当 Hamers打开杯子时，他感到非常惊讶。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“He planned to use it to develop a fingerprint of the chemical in nature, through a technique known as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Once developed, the fingerprint could be used to scan landfill sites and other environments for the leaked chemical from discarded (丢弃的) batteries, tracing the chemical to its end of life.(他计划用它来开发自然界化学物质的指纹，通过一种被称为傅里叶变换红外光谱的技术。一旦开发出来，指纹可以用来扫描垃圾填埋场和其他环境中从废弃电池中泄漏的化学物质，追踪化学物质的使用寿命。)”可知，Hamers想要开发的化学指纹的主要目的是追踪环境中的化学物质。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“But his photo of the result won one of the awards of the university’s Science Image Contest. Even failure can carry a touch of magic.(但他拍摄的照片赢得了该校科学图像大赛的一个奖项。即使失败也能带来一丝魔力。)”可知，文章讲述了Hamers的实验虽然失败了（晶体不够大无法进行测试），但他实验结果的照片却在大学科学图像竞赛中获奖，即即使失败也有好的一面。A选项“Every cloud has a silver lining.”（黑暗中总有一线光明；塞翁失马，焉知非福）符合文章主旨。故选A项。 C Manufacturing (制造业) jobs have some of the highest injury rates of any industry, often due to workers’ high levels of physical and mental fatigue (疲劳). In an attempt to tackle it, researchers designed a system of wearable sensors that rely on machine-learning to monitor workers for signs of physical fatigue. The design is detailed in a study published by a team at Northwestern University. To measure fatigue and physical health, researchers developed an interconnected series of six wearable sensors placed across a wearer’s body. These were coupled with two cameras to measure joint movements and a web camera to analyze movement intensity, repetition, and declined strength over time. Once enabled, these devices continuously monitored heart rate, skin temperature, and moving patterns. But given that there are no widely accepted universal grades for fatigue, researchers relied on the wearer’s self-reported perceived fatigue levels on a 0-10 scale that they then entered into a machine learning model. Once trained, this model was then used to predict a user’s fatigue levels in real-time to provide a more accurate understanding of the subject’s physical state than past studies. Given that everybody is different, the best mix of physical indicators for fatigue can vary depending on their age, gender, and weight — but there were still some universal trends observed during the two tasks. One of the most telling signs can be found in fatigue levels measured in a user’s non-dominant arm. Another indicator could be found by measuring the intensity of movements for a worker using their chest sensor. The sensor recordings common signs of fatigue like increased heart rate and body temperatures. Sweat also helped inform the modeling. “Although our primary goal through this research is to ensure worker safety, reduce risks, and empower operators through active feedback, we recognize the moral and legal considerations associated with using such systems in real-world workplace environments,” the researchers wrote. “We are hopeful that ongoing technical advancements, including our efforts in predicting physical fatigue in work settings, will inspire constructive discussions.” 8. What did the researchers use to train the machine learning model? A. The universally accepted fatigue grades. B. The participants’ heart rate variability. C. The participants’ self-reported scores. D. The historical data from fatigue studies. 9. Which is the most significant physical indicator in monitoring fatigue? A. Heart rate. B. Non-dominant arm. C. Chest movement. D. Body temperatures. 10. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Expectations of the system. B. Updates of the system. C. Potential of the system. D. Applications of the system. 11. Which is probably the best title for the text? A. Wearable Sensors Monitor Job Fatigue B. Wearable Sensors Help Improve Productivity C. Wearable Sensors Improve Working Conditions D. Wearable Sensors Offer Reasonable Work Schedules 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员设计可穿戴传感器系统，利用机器学习监测工人身体疲劳的相关情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But given that there are no widely accepted universal grades for fatigue, researchers relied on the wearer’s self-reported perceived fatigue levels on a 0-10 scale that they then entered into a machine learning model. (但是鉴于没有被广泛接受的通用疲劳等级，研究人员依赖于佩戴者自我报告的在0到10分制的自我感知疲劳水平，然后将其输入到机器学习模型中)”可知，研究人员使用参与者自我报告的分数来训练机器学习模型。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the most telling signs can be found in fatigue levels measured in a user’s non-dominant arm. (最能说明问题的迹象之一可以在用户非惯用手臂测量的疲劳水平中找到)”可知，在监测疲劳方面，最显著的身体指标是非惯用手臂。故选B项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Although our primary goal through this research is to ensure worker safety, reduce risks, and empower operators through active feedback, we recognize the moral and legal considerations associated with using such systems in real-world workplace environments,” the researchers wrote. “We are hopeful that ongoing technical advancements, including our efforts in predicting physical fatigue in work settings, will inspire constructive discussions.” (研究人员写道：“尽管我们这项研究的主要目标是确保工人安全、降低风险，并通过积极反馈赋予操作人员权力，但我们认识到在现实工作场所环境中使用这种系统所涉及的道德和法律考量。我们希望正在进行的技术进步，包括我们在预测工作环境中的身体疲劳方面所做的努力，将激发建设性的讨论。”)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了对该系统的期望。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In an attempt to tackle it, researchers designed a system of wearable sensors that rely on machine-learning to monitor workers for signs of physical fatigue. (为了解决这个问题，研究人员设计了一种可穿戴传感器系统，该系统依靠机器学习来监测工人的身体疲劳迹象)”可知，本文主要介绍了可穿戴传感器监测工作疲劳的相关内容，“可穿戴传感器监测工作疲劳”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 D Driven by concerns over environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and personal health, many people are exploring alternatives to traditional farm-raised meat. Alternative meat (alt-meat) products, including lab-grown meat and plant-based substitutes, are made using innovative food technologies. While both offer environmental and ethical benefits, each faces distinct challenges related to health, cost, and scalability that must be addressed. Farm-raised meat comes from livestock such as cows, pigs, and chickens. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports that livestock farming accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. It also requires enormous amounts of land and water, contributing to deforestation, habitat loss, and water shortages. As global meat demand continues to rise, these environmental problems are expected to worsen significantly. Lab-grown meat is produced directly from animal cells, eliminating the need to raise and slaughter livestock. Studies show it could reduce emissions by up to 96%, land use by 99%, and water use by 96% compared to conventional meat. It can also be modified to have lower fat content or enriched with nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids. However, its long-term health effects remain unknown, requiring strict regulatory oversight from agencies like the FDA and EFSA. Additionally, while simple products like ground meat are already commercially viable (e.g., Israel’s first clean-meat restaurant opened in 2020), producing complex cuts like steak remains expensive and difficult to scale. Plant-based products like Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods closely mimic real meat. Production of a Beyond Burger generates 90% fewer emissions and uses 46% less energy than beef, and it contains no cholesterol, 40% less saturated fat, and similar protein levels. However, these products are highly processed. For example, an Impossible Burger contains 370mg of sodium versus 82mg in a beef burger, which may offset health benefits. They also lack key nutrients such as calcium, zinc, and vitamin B12. Moreover, extensive processing and additives can increase resource demand by up to 26%, reducing their environmental advantages. Both types of alt-meat are more expensive than traditional meat — plant-based products cost roughly twice as much as beef per pound, largely due to high R&D costs. Despite this, their popularity is rising. A 2021 study in Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems found that alt-meat offers new opportunities for farmers (e.g., supplying ingredients or genetic material) but also threatens the income of ranchers and feed-crop growers. Most producers believe alt-meat will complement, not replace, conventional meat, ultimately providing more market choices and supporting agricultural diversification rather than causing wholesale disruption. 12. According to the passage, what is one major challenge facing lab-grown meat? A. It cannot be modified to improve nutritional content. B. Its long-term health effects have not been fully established. C. It produces more greenhouse gas emissions than farm-raised meat. D. It has not yet been approved for commercial sale anywhere. 13. What does the author suggest about plant-based meat substitutes? A. They are generally healthier than whole plant foods. B. Their high sodium content may cancel out some health benefits. C. They contain more saturated fat than beef burgers. D. They are less processed than lab-grown meat. 14. What do most food producers believe about the future of alt-meat, according to the 2021 study? A. It will completely replace traditional farm-raised meat. B. It will only benefit large factory farms. C. It will serve as a supplement rather than a replacement. D. It will reduce the total demand for protein. 15. Which of the following is a common disadvantage shared by both lab-grown meat and plant-based substitutes? A. Both require the slaughter of animals. B. Both are described as costly to produce or scale up. C. Both contain high levels of saturated fat. D. Both have been proven to cause long-term health problems. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕替代肉展开全面介绍，对比传统养殖肉类、细胞培育肉（实验室人造肉）、植物基人造肉三者，分析替代肉兴起的背景、两类替代肉各自的优势、现存短板以及行业发展前景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, its long-term health effects remain unknown, requiring strict regulatory oversight from agencies like the FDA and EFSA.(然而，其长期健康影响尚不明确，因此需要美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）等机构进行严格监管。)”可知，实验室培育肉面临的一个主要挑战是其长期健康影响尚未完全确定。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For example, an Impossible Burger contains 370mg of sodium versus 82mg in a beef burger, which may offset health benefits.(例如，Impossible汉堡中的钠含量为370毫克，而牛肉汉堡仅为82毫克，这可能抵消了其健康益处。)”可知，植物基肉类替代品的高钠含量可能抵消部分健康益处。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Most producers believe alt-meat will complement, not replace, conventional meat, ultimately providing more market choices and supporting agricultural diversification rather than causing wholesale disruption.(大多数生产者认为，替代肉类将补充而非取代传统肉类，最终能提供更多市场选择，促进农业多样化，而不是造成大规模的颠覆。)”可知，大多数食品生产商认为替代肉将作为补充而非替代品。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Additionally, while simple products like ground meat are already commercially viable (e.g., Israel’s first clean-meat restaurant opened in 2020), producing complex cuts like steak remains expensive and difficult to scale.(此外，尽管碎肉这类简单产品已经具备商业可行性，例如以色列2020年就开设了第一家清洁肉餐厅，但生产牛排这类复杂的肉类产品成本仍然很高，且难以规模化)”以及第五段“Both types of alt-meat are more expensive than traditional meat — plant-based products cost roughly twice as much as beef per pound, largely due to high R&D costs.(两类替代肉都比传统肉类更贵，植物基产品每磅的成本大约是牛肉的两倍，这主要是因为高昂的研发成本)”可知，两类替代肉的共同缺点是生产或规模化的成本都很高。 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 How to study intensely without getting burned out? I’ve done a number of intensive learning projects, sometimes studying for up to twelve hours a day. The risk of working too hard and crashing is always present during projects of this intensity. ____16____. Here are some tips for staying focused without burning out. ●Clearly Separate Studying from Life. The worst situation is to be in a state of constant semi-studying (半学习). This happens when people don’t have fixed studying schedules and instead feel like they should “always” be studying. Since always studying is impossible, people secretly add non-studying activities — like playing on their phone or watching television-into their learning time. ____17____, they feel like they have to study more hours. The end result is burnout. One strategy is to have a clear separation between the hours you’re studying and the hours you’re not. ●Adjust to the Sweet Spot of 85% Success. We learn best when our success rate is around 85%. If we fail consistently, not only do we get frustrated, we learn less. There are plenty of ways you can adjust your success rate. One is to make the task easier. ____18____, switch to doing them open-book. If you are struggling to memorize something, make a mnemonic (助记符号). It’s much easier to maintain motivation throughout your studies if you can get to a smooth rate of successful trials. ●Never Cut Sleep. Late-night cramming (临时死记硬背) is a student favorite. But it’s worst possible strategy you can employ when learning. Sleep plays a crucial role in memory. Cutting sleep while studying is like throwing away your running shoes right before a race. ____19____. ●Work out regularly. ____20____. While cutting exercise in a short-term manner is sometimes unavoidable, maintaining good exercise habits is among the few things that reliably improve cognitive functioning. Surprisingly, physical training, not “brain training” games you play on your phone, may be the only kind of brain training that actually works. A. Then, when they are unproductive B. If you’re failing to do problem sets C. Exercise is another learning booster D. Thus, I’ve discovered some strategies for preventing burnout E. Even though the journey to weight loss is often filled with obstacles F. Think deeply about what you have learned and form your own habits G. You might think the extra studying time will help, but it only hurts you 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何在不感到疲惫的情况下进行高强度学习。 【16题详解】 根据上文“I’ve done a number of intensive learning projects, sometimes studying for up to twelve hours a day. The risk of working too hard and crashing is always present during projects of this intensity.(我做过很多强化学习项目，有时一天学习长达12个小时。在这种强度的项目中，工作过度和崩溃的风险总是存在的)”推知，作者通过自己的精力发现了一些长时间学习且不容易倦怠的方法，以引出后文的策略。故D选项“因此，我发现了一些防止倦怠的策略”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据后文“they feel like they have to study more hours. The end result is burnout. One strategy is to have a clear separation between the hours you’re studying and the hours you’re not.(他们觉得他们必须学习更多的时间。最终的结果就是精疲力竭。一个策略是在你学习的时间和不学习的时间之间有一个明确的界限)”可知，觉得自己必须多花时间学习的情况应是发生在学习效果不佳的时候。故A选项“然后，当他们没有生产力的时候”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据后文“switch to doing them open-book. If you are struggling to memorize something, make a mnemonic (助记符号). It’s much easier to maintain motivation throughout your studies if you can get to a smooth rate of successful trials.(换成开卷做。如果你很难记住什么东西，那就做一个助记器。如果你能顺利地获得成功，那么在整个学习过程中保持动力就会容易得多)”可知，后文提到要开卷做，说明是无法完成作业的情况。故B选项“如果你没有完成作业”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“●Never Cut Sleep. Late-night cramming (临时死记硬背) is a student favorite. But it’s worst possible strategy you can employ when learning. Sleep plays a crucial role in memory. Cutting sleep while studying is like throwing away your running shoes right before a race.(●不要减少睡眠时间。深夜死记硬背是学生的最爱。但这是你学习时最糟糕的策略。睡眠对记忆起着至关重要的作用。学习时减少睡眠就像在比赛前扔掉跑鞋一样)”可知，上文提到学习时减少睡眠对学习有害，推测本句主要说明原因。故G选项“你可能认为额外的学习时间会有帮助，但它只会伤害你”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“●Work out regularly.(●定期锻炼)”以及后文“While cutting exercise in a short-term manner is sometimes unavoidable, maintaining good exercise habits is among the few things that reliably improve cognitive functioning. Surprisingly, physical training, not “brain training” games you play on your phone, may be the only kind of brain training that actually works.(虽然在短期内减少锻炼有时是不可避免的，但保持良好的锻炼习惯是少数几件能可靠地提高认知功能的事情之一。令人惊讶的是，体育训练，而不是你在手机上玩的“大脑训练”游戏，可能是唯一一种真正有效的大脑训练)”可知，本段主要说明了运动对学习的好处。故C选项“运动是另一个学习助推器”符合语境，故选C。 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pooja Rani entered the boxing area at age 18 all thanks to her coach Sanjay Kumar. However, even with much ____21____, Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves. She also knew that her father would not ____22____ her taking up this “violent” sport. But Pooja went after her interest in secret anyway until one day when ____23____ came to her father — he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport. “My father didn’t ____24____ me playing other sports but boxing was a(n) ____25____ no-go zone,” Pooja said. It then took six months of continuous efforts from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to ____26____ her father to change his attitude. After that, she devoted herself to training. She won the National Youth Boxing Championship in 2009, which ____27____ her career on an upward path. In 2012, she ____28____ two silver medals at the Asian Boxing Championship and the Arafura Games. Later, she acquired a gold medal at the South Asian Games in 2016, thus making her ____29____ for the Rio Olympics that year. Unstoppable as she was, her wins came to a (n) _____30_____ for some reason. During that time, she was _____31_____ by many people. It took her a whole year to get back on _____32_____ with their assistance. What a comeback! Pooja _____33_____ in an impressive way, winning back-to-back gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021. Given the long and _____34_____ road she took to get here, for us, Pooja is _____35_____ the “queen of boxing”. 21. A. attention B. guidance C. encouragement D. doubt 22. A. object to B. approve of C. submit to D. turn down 23. A. disbelief B. warning C. secret D. word 24. A. mind B. favor C. find D. leave 25. A. dangerous B. essential C. impossible D. strict 26. A. remind B. convince C. advise D. urge 27. A. guaranteed B. threw C. pushed D. built 28. A. bagged B. awarded C. missed D. targeted 29. A. eager B. fit C. ready D. qualified 30. A. end B. head C. pause D. close 31. A. backed B. forgotten C. questioned D. criticized 32. A. stage B. board C. track D. field 33. A. performed B. returned C. succeeded D. recovered 34. A. winding B. stretching C. climbing D. changing 35. A. generally B. truly C. eventually D. obviously 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Pooja Rani自小对拳击产生了浓厚的兴趣，然而父亲不同意，于是她背着父亲偷偷练习，正式进入行业后一路曲折不易，最后登上巅峰，成为当之无愧的拳击女王。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管得到了很多鼓励，Pooja还是羞于戴上拳击手套。A. attention注意力；B. guidance指导；C. encouragement鼓励；D. doubt怀疑。根据“even with much”及“Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves”可知，even表示让步，表示即使得到了很多鼓励，她还是羞于戴上拳击手套。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她也知道父亲不会同意她从事这种“暴力”运动。A. object to反对；B. approve of同意；C. submit to屈服于；D. turn down拒绝。根据下文“when ____ came to her father — he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport.”可知，父亲不同意Pooja从事拳击运动。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Pooja还是秘密地追求着她的兴趣，直到有一天，消息传到了父亲耳朵里——他发现了真相并阻止了她进行这项运动。A. disbelief不相信；B. warning警告；C. secret秘密；D. word消息。根据“he discovered the truth”可知，消息传到了父亲耳朵里，他知道了真相。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我父亲不介意我参加其他运动，但拳击是一个严格的禁区，”Pooja说。A. mind介意；B. favor帮助；C. find找到；D. leave离开。根据“me playing other sports but boxing was a…no-go zone”可知，Pooja的父亲不介意孩子进行其他运动。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dangerous危险的；B. essential重要的；C. impossible不可能的；D. strict严格的，绝对的。根据“no-go zone”及上文父亲对于Pooja进行拳击运动的态度可知，拳击对他来说是个绝对的禁区。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pooja和她的教练桑杰花了六个月的时间不断努力说服她的父亲改变他的态度。A. remind提醒；B. convince说服；C. advise建议；D. urge催促。根据“her father to change his attitude”可知，最后，父亲被说服了。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在2009年赢得了全国青年拳击锦标赛，这使她的职业生涯走上了一条上升的道路。A. guaranteed保证；B. threw扔，投；C. pushed推；D. built建造。根据“She won the National Youth Boxing Championship in 2009”及“her career on an upward path”可知，这次获胜推动她的职业生涯向上攀登。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，她在亚洲拳击锦标赛和阿拉法特运动会上获得两枚银牌。A. bagged获得，得分，占有；B. awarded授予；C. missed错过；D. targeted把……作为攻击目标。根据上文“her career on an upward path”及“two silver medals at the Asian Boxing Championship and the Arafura Games”可知，此处表示她获得了银牌。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，她在2016年的南亚运动会上获得金牌，从而获得了当年里约奥运会的参赛资格。A. eager渴望的；B. fit合适的；C. ready准备好的；D. qualified有资格的。根据“Later, she acquired a gold medal at the South Asian Games in 2016”可知，在南亚运动会上获得金牌，才有了当年进入奥运会的资格。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她势不可挡，但由于某种原因，她的胜利戛然而止。A. end结束；B. head头；C. pause暂停；D. close结束，结尾。根据后文“What a comeback!”可知，由于某种原因，她的胜利戛然而止。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，她受到了很多人的支持。A. backed支持；B. forgotten忘记；C. questioned询问，质疑；D. criticized批评。根据后文“It took her a whole year to get back on ____ with their assistance.”可知，她受到了很多人的支持。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的帮助下，她花了整整一年的时间才回到正轨。A. stage舞台；B. board木板；C. track轨道；D. field领域。根据后文“And what a comeback!”可知，Pooja最终回到了正轨，get back on track为固定短语，意思为：回到正轨。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pooja以令人印象深刻的方式回归，在2019年和2021年的亚洲拳击锦标赛上连续获得金牌。A. performed表现；B. returned返回；C. succeeded成功；D. recovered恢复。根据“And what a comeback!”及“winning back-to-back gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021.”可知，Pooja以令人印象深刻的方式回归了。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她走到这里的漫长而曲折的道路，对我们来说，Pooja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. winding曲折的；B. stretching伸展的；C. climbing攀缘的；D. changing变化中的。根据上文“Given the long and”以及Pooja Rani经历了许多挫折，所以是漫长而曲折的道路。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她走到这里的漫长而曲折的道路，对我们来说，Pooja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. generally通常；B. truly真正地；C. eventually最后；D. obviously显然地。根据下文“the “queen of boxing””可知，经过一路颠簸，Pooja已经成为了拳击女王，她的经历让她当之无愧，所以她是真正的拳击女王。故选B项。 四.语法填空。(15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Archaeological surveys and excavations (挖掘) in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region over the past year have yielded a new understanding of the ___36___ (region) rich history. Last year, the local institute of cultural relics and archaeology undertook 135 projects ___37___ (involve) archaeological surveys, explorations and excavations ahead of large construction programs, as well as 15 proactive excavation projects. The efforts sought ___38___ (uncover) more about the early civilization of Xinjiang, its historical role ___39___ national unification (统一), and the various religions that once flourished, their development, and local adaptation. At the Husta archaeological site in Wenquan County, archaeologists ___40___ (dig) a tin-bronze alloy knife days ago that is considered one of the oldest bronze items found in China. ___41___ (locate) on the homonymous grassland at the southern foot of the Alatau Mountains, the Husta site consists of city ruins, cemeteries (墓地), and other remains, the majority of ___42___ date back around 3, 600 years. During a recent excavation, archaeologists found a large cemetery about 2 km southeast of the core area. It has ___43___ stone-enclosed burial mound (土墩) whose stone enclosure measures 23 meters in ___44___ (long) from north to south and 25 meters from east to west. It is one of the earliest Bronze Age sites found so far in Xinjiang. ____45____ (previous), this style of mid-Bronze Age tomb was primarily found in the Altai Mountains in the far north of Xinjiang. 【答案】36. region’s 37. involving 38. to uncover 39. in 40. dug 41. Located 42. which 43. a 44. length 45. Previously 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新疆维吾尔自治区考古调查和挖掘工作的最新进展，以及这些工作对于揭示新疆早期文明、历史作用和宗教发展等方面的重要意义。 【36题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：过去一年在新疆维吾尔自治区进行的考古调查和挖掘工作，让我们对该地区丰富的历史有了新的认识。此处修饰名词history，需用名词所有格region’s作定语。故填region’s。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，当地文物考古研究所承担了135项项目，包括在大型建设项目前的考古调查、勘探和挖掘工作，以及15项主动性挖掘项目。空处需填非谓语动词作为后置定语，修饰projects，involve是动词，表示“涉及”，其与projects之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式involving。故填involving。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工作旨在揭示更多关于新疆早期文明的信息，以及新疆在国家统一中的历史作用，还有曾经繁荣发展的各种宗教、它们的发展历程和在当地的适应情况。固定短语seek to do sth.“寻求做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to uncover。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配role in“在……方面的作用”。故填in。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在温泉县的呼斯塔考古遗址，考古学家日前发掘出了一把锡青铜合金刀，这把刀被认为是中国发现的最古老的青铜器之一。空处作谓语，结合时间状语days ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填dug。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：呼斯塔遗址位于同名草原，地处阿拉套山南麓，由城市遗址、墓地和其他遗迹组成，其中大部分遗迹可追溯至约3600年前。空处需填非谓语动词作为状语，locate是动词，表示“位于”，其与the Husta site之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式located，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Located。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词remains，指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它有一个石砌的墓葬土墩，其石围从北到南长23米，从东到西宽25米。mound为可数名词，此处泛指“一个石砌的墓葬土墩”，且stone-enclosed发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。固定搭配in length“在长度上”。故填length。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：此前，这种中期青铜时代的墓葬风格主要发现于新疆最北部的阿尔泰山脉。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词previously“此前”，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Previously。 五．写作部分。(40分) 46. 假如你是昆山杜克大学的教务老师，一个学生给你写这封邮件询问交换生项目期间结束之后能否继续留在昆山杜克大学进行学习。然后学校的教务政策是：Exchange students will have to return to their home school after they have finished their studies at Duke Kunshan...你可以根据政策，和学生回复的邮件，允许适当延伸，从而礼貌回复该生邮件；要求80-100词，让学生明白制度的硬性规定，同时不要冷漠地回复学生的邮件。 学生邮件： Dear Registry team, I am an exchange student from the University of Nottingham, and I really want to continue my studies here, because I really like the study atmosphere and low cost at this University. You know our house rent is high at Nottingham, sometimes I feel stressed to pay the house rent...Could you please give me the chance? Best regards, Allen Stacy ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Allen, Thank you for your email and for sharing your positive experience at Duke Kunshan. We’re delighted that you enjoy the study atmosphere and find the cost manageable. However, per university policy, exchange students are required to return to their home institution upon completion of their approved exchange period. This rule applies to all exchange visitors and cannot be waived. While we understand your concerns about housing costs in Nottingham, we are unable to extend your stay beyond the agreed term. We hope you’ll carry fond memories of DKU with you, and we wish you all the best. Sincerely, Registry Team 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生回复学生邮件，让学生明白交换生去留时间制度的硬性规定，同时不要冷漠地回复学生的邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→ecstatic 费用：cost→expense 要求：require→request 担忧：concern→misgivings 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, per university policy, exchange students are required to return to their home institution upon completion of their approved exchange period. 拓展句：However, per university policy, it is required that exchange students should return to their home institution upon completion of their approved exchange period. 【点睛】[高分句型1] While we understand your concerns about housing costs in Nottingham, we are unable to extend your stay beyond the agreed term. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句) [高分句型2] We hope you’ll carry fond memories of DKU with you, and we wish you all the best. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) 47. 观点驳斥题：下面有一个观点，请用英文写出你的反驳，要求：观点、论据、逻辑自洽。阅卷教师将根据学生回答质量综合评分，词数不限，只要你能清楚表达就没有问题。 Commented by Jincai: Students who spend much money to study abroad are “wasted”. Your comment to this negative comment: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： This criticism is fundamentally unsound because it equates “wasted” with “high immediate expenditure”, which is a false metric. An investment is only wasted if it yields no return. Studying abroad, however, consistently generates measurable long-term returns: enhanced cross-cultural problem-solving skills, a global professional network, and demonstrated adaptability, all of which are empirically proven to accelerate career progression and increase lifetime earnings. While the financial cost is paid upfront, the returns accrue over decades. Therefore, unless one can prove that these lasting benefits are worthless, the claim that the money is “wasted” is logically invalid. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求学生对“花很多钱出国留学的学生是‘浪费’”这一观点进行反驳，应首先表明个人观点，再给出充分的论据，形成自洽的逻辑。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 无根据的：unsound→fallacious, invalid 始终：consistently→continually, invariably 持久的：lasting→enduring, long-lived 声称：claim→assertion, averment 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：While the financial cost is paid upfront, the returns accrue over decades. 拓展句：Despite the upfront payment of the financial cost, the returns accrue over decades. 【点睛】[高分句型1] This criticism is fundamentally unsound because it equates “wasted” with “high immediate expenditure”, which is a false metric. (运用了because引导原因状语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Therefore, unless one can prove that these lasting benefits are worthless, the claim that the money is “wasted” is logically invalid. (运用了unless引导条件状语从句、第一个that引导宾语从句、第二个that引导同位语从句) 68. (20分)读后续写： 48. 读后续写 Li Hua had always been a top student in his county middle school — until he entered senior high. The first monthly English test of his freshman year came back with a glaring red “58” scrawled across the top. The whispers around him felt like sharp laughter. His English teacher gently suggested he “adjust his learning strategies”, while his deskmate casually slid over an answer sheet filled with corrected multiple-choice answers and whispered, “Just copy mine next time. No one will notice.” That weekend, Li Hua locked himself in his room and spread out every English notebook he had kept since junior high. To his horror, he realized he still confused the present simple tense with the present continuous, let alone understood the complex long sentences in his reading passages. Fury and shame boiled over — he hurled the notebooks onto the floor. But half an hour later, he picked them up, opened the first page, and wrote in red ink: “Starting today, two extra hours every day. No excuses.” What followed was a silent war. At 6 a.m., his voice echoed in the dormitory hallway as he recited vocabulary. During lunch breaks, he sat in the corner of the empty classroom, replaying listening clips over and over, his earphones pressing hard against his ears. Under the dim desk lamp late at night, his test papers grew covered in tiny handwritten annotations. The results came slowly: 65 in the second monthly test, 72 in the midterm, 78 in the final. Each improvement drew surprised glances from classmates, but Li Hua knew all too well how far he still was from a real breakthrough. In his second year, the school announced a mock IELTS test. Without hesitation, Li Hua signed up. When the results were posted, the whole class buzzed with disbelief — he had scored 7.5. His English teacher walked into the classroom, holding the score report, and stopped at his desk. She gently placed a form in front of him: “Li Hua, this is the application for the international exchange program — only three spots are available. But before you fill it out, I’d like to hear your story.” Li Hua took the form, his fingers trembling slightly. He turned his gaze out the window. The plane trees outside the teaching building, once bare in winter, were now thick with summer leaves — just like his own growth over the past year and a half. Paragraph 1: Taking a deep breath, Li Hua began to tell his teacher what he had been through over the past eighteen months. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the teacher finally looked up from the application form, there was a thoughtful smile on her face. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Taking a deep breath, Li Hua began to tell his teacher what he had been through over the past eighteen months. He spoke of the shame from his first “58”. He admitted he once considered cheating, but a deeper conviction stopped him. His voice steadied as he described 6 a.m. vocabulary recitations in the hallway, lunch breaks replaying listening clips, and countless nights with only a dim lamp and error-riddled papers. Progress was agonizingly slow. Yet those incremental gains taught him that failure was not his enemy, but his most honest teacher. When he mentioned his mock IELTS score, his voice carried quiet gratitude for the struggle itself. When the teacher finally looked up from the application form, there was a thoughtful smile on her face. “Li Hua,” she said softly, “I’ve rarely met a student who turned failure into fuel like you.” She slid the form toward him. “This program looks for resilience — the ability to fall and rise, to persist when no one watches. You’ve proven that in ways no transcript could capture. Keep that fire from your darkest moment; it will carry you further than any grade.” Li Hua nodded, his fingers steady as he took up his pen — not as a student who survived failure, but as one forged by it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以英语学习为线索展开，讲述了李华曾是县中学尖子生，高中第一次英语考试却只考了58分。在羞愧与挣扎中，他拒绝了作弊的诱惑，开始苦学。他的成绩从65分缓慢爬升到78分，最终他在模拟雅思中取得7.5分。老师被他的韧性打动，推荐他申请国际交流项目——李华已然被失败淬炼成钢。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写李华讲述自己一路以来的挣扎与努力，以及自己从中收获的宝贵经验。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写老师肯定李华“把失败变成动力”的韧性，认可他非常适合该项目，最终李华被失败淬炼成钢。 2. 续写线索：李华开始讲述——挣扎与努力——收获——老师微笑——老师肯定与认可——李华被淬炼成钢 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①承认：admit/acknowledge ②把……变成：turn… into/change… into/transform… into 情绪类 ①羞愧：shame/humiliation/embarrassment ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] Yet those incremental gains taught him that failure was not his enemy, but his most honest teacher. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I’ve rarely met a student who turned failure into fuel like you. (运用了who引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度贵州师范大学附属中学高2024级高二下期末考试 英语学科试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 Wish you all the best on your final exam! 一、听力：30分 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.What will the man do next? A. Unpack his suitcase. B. Board a flight. C. Fill out a form. 2.When did the man go to China? A. In May. B. In July. C. In August. 3.How did the woman finally get to the meeting? A. By bike. B. By bus C. By car. 4.What does the man want to do? A. Cancel an order. B. Ask for a receipt. C. Reschedule a delivery. 5.What is the woman’s attitude toward parents driving their kids to school? A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Indifferent. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.How many slides will the speakers prepare in total? A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. 7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Boss and employee. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What kind of room does the man want? A. A single room. B. A double room. C. A family room. 9.When will the man check out? A. On May 9th. B. On May 11th. C. On May 12th. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.Why does the woman want to get rid of her furniture? A. She is moving to England. B. She wants to buy new ones. C. She doesn’t like them anymore. 11.What will the woman do with the not-so-good kitchen things? A. Sell them online. B. Donate them. C. Throw them away. 12.What is the man interested in? A. The fridge. B. The microwave. C. The books. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What is Matthew doing? A. Writing an education paper. B. Observing a class. C. Giving a speech. 14.What did the students do in the unit mentioned? A. They went to the library to do research on planets. B. They wrote a report on education. C. They gave a presentation on research skills. 15.What does the professor ask Matthew to do on Wednesday? A. Write a speech. B. Talk about the unit in class. C. Observe another class. 16.What does Matthew need to do to prepare for Wednesday? A. Nothing special—just use his observation notes. B. Write a detailed report. C. Prepare a PowerPoint presentation. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.How many animals were affected by Australia’s wildfires according to the WWF report? A. About 1 billion. B. About 3 billion. C. About 180 million. 18.What contributed to the wildfires? A. Higher-than-normal temperatures. B. Heavy rainfall. C. Human carelessness. 19.How did the scientists calculate the wildlife populations? A. By counting animals directly. B. By using information from over 100,000 studies. C. By interviewing local people. 20.What does the WWF report call for? A. More rescue teams. B. Measures to help animals escape from fires. C. Planting more trees in burned areas. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A Maker Market at the 2025 Dogwood Arts Festival April 25-27, 2025| Knoxville, TN The Dogwood Arts Festival is one of the most celebrated cultural events in Knoxville! The festival is held at World’s Fair Park in Knoxville, TN and features over 100 fine art vendors (卖主), a maker market, live music, entertainment, children’s activities, food &beverage vendors, and more. Festival Hours: Maker Market will be Saturday and Sunday only ·Friday, April 25th: 10 AM-7 PM ·Saturday, April 26th: 10 AM-7 PM ·Sunday, April 27th: 10 AM-5 PM ☆Makers can begin breaking down their booths (摊位) no earlier than 5 PM. Application Timeline: ·Application Deadline: February 17th, 2025 ·Move-In Date: Saturday, April 26th, 2025 [entry at 7 am — must be set up by 9] ·Event Date: April 25th-27th, 2025 [Maker Market vendors will only be set up on April 26th-27th] MAKER MARKET CATEGORY Vendors including natural products, paper goods/stickers, pet products/treats, clothing, pre-packaged food/drink, candles, etc. JURY & SELECTION Image quality is very important! Applications will be reviewed by the Dogwood Arts Festival committee. Acceptance information will not be given over the phone prior to written notifications. OUTDOOR ELEMENTS Spending a few days selling artworks at our festival sounds ideal, but when the weather isn’t cooperating with outdoor plans, it’s important to take the necessary precautions to stay as safe and comfortable as possible. Safety is our number one priority. Artists are to use their own judgment regarding bad weather and personal safety. There is no refund of fees for bad weather. The Dogwood Arts Festival goes on rain or shine. 1. How long does the Dogwood Arts Festival last? A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Four days. D. Five days. 2. What are the vendors allowed to do? A. Serve unpackaged foods to the customers. B. Set up their booths anytime on April 26th. C. Get a refund of fees in case of rainy weather. D. Remove their booths after 5 PM on April 27th. 3. How will the committee respond to the vendors’ applications? A. By making a phone call. B. By having an interview. C. By giving a notice online. D. By writing a formal letter. B When chemist Robert Hamers cracked (打开) open the cup he had used to heat a brew of’ metal crystals (晶体) , he was greeted with something special: a wonderful small forest in deep shades of green. The cobalt-containing crystals he had been growing for two weeks in a tool had vined their way upward from the base in a surprisingly familiar pattern and shade to match. It looked as if tiny elm trees, surrounded by shrubs and hedges, had been skillfully drawn inside the egg-shaped cup. “I was completely awestruck,” said Hamers. “What really surprised me was, you look at it and you see a trunk is growing down from the bottom, and there are branches, and they are pretty well resolved.” Hamers had set out to grow “a very large” crystal of lithium cobalt dioxide (二氧化钴锂) , the material used in the batteries powering mobile phones, laptops, video cameras, and other electronic devices. He planned to use it to develop a fingerprint of the chemical in nature, through a technique known as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Once developed, the fingerprint could be used to scan landfill sites and other environments for the leaked chemical from discarded (丢弃的) batteries, tracing the chemical to its end of life. There was a long lead up time to cracking open the sealed cup. First, a few bits of lithium cobalt oxide were put inside, an ink-black powder to the eye. Extremely high temperatures are required, reaching beyond 1,292 degrees Fahrenheit. Then the cooling begins: Larger crystals only form if the cooling period is extremely slow — in this case the scientists gave it two weeks. Ultimately, the experiment failed: The crystals that grew inside the cup weren’t big enough for the tests Hamers wanted to do. But his photo of the result won one of the awards of the university’s Science Image Contest. Even failure can carry a touch of magic. 4. What was the outcome of Hamers experiment? A. The crystals were big enough. B. The crystals were dangerous to users. C. The crystals formed a forest-like pattern. D. The experiment was a complete success. 5. How did Hamers feel when he cracked open the cup? A. Disappointed. B. Amazed. C. Doubtful. D. Relieved. 6. What was the main purpose of the chemical fingerprint Hamers wanted to develop? A. To identify the crystal structure. B. To enhance battery performance. C. To improve crystal growth techniques. D. To track the chemical in the environment. 7. What is the text meant to show us? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. You can’t judge a book by its cover. D. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. C Manufacturing (制造业) jobs have some of the highest injury rates of any industry, often due to workers’ high levels of physical and mental fatigue (疲劳). In an attempt to tackle it, researchers designed a system of wearable sensors that rely on machine-learning to monitor workers for signs of physical fatigue. The design is detailed in a study published by a team at Northwestern University. To measure fatigue and physical health, researchers developed an interconnected series of six wearable sensors placed across a wearer’s body. These were coupled with two cameras to measure joint movements and a web camera to analyze movement intensity, repetition, and declined strength over time. Once enabled, these devices continuously monitored heart rate, skin temperature, and moving patterns. But given that there are no widely accepted universal grades for fatigue, researchers relied on the wearer’s self-reported perceived fatigue levels on a 0-10 scale that they then entered into a machine learning model. Once trained, this model was then used to predict a user’s fatigue levels in real-time to provide a more accurate understanding of the subject’s physical state than past studies. Given that everybody is different, the best mix of physical indicators for fatigue can vary depending on their age, gender, and weight — but there were still some universal trends observed during the two tasks. One of the most telling signs can be found in fatigue levels measured in a user’s non-dominant arm. Another indicator could be found by measuring the intensity of movements for a worker using their chest sensor. The sensor recordings common signs of fatigue like increased heart rate and body temperatures. Sweat also helped inform the modeling. “Although our primary goal through this research is to ensure worker safety, reduce risks, and empower operators through active feedback, we recognize the moral and legal considerations associated with using such systems in real-world workplace environments,” the researchers wrote. “We are hopeful that ongoing technical advancements, including our efforts in predicting physical fatigue in work settings, will inspire constructive discussions.” 8. What did the researchers use to train the machine learning model? A. The universally accepted fatigue grades. B. The participants’ heart rate variability. C. The participants’ self-reported scores. D. The historical data from fatigue studies. 9. Which is the most significant physical indicator in monitoring fatigue? A. Heart rate. B. Non-dominant arm. C. Chest movement. D. Body temperatures. 10. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Expectations of the system. B. Updates of the system. C. Potential of the system. D. Applications of the system. 11. Which is probably the best title for the text? A. Wearable Sensors Monitor Job Fatigue B. Wearable Sensors Help Improve Productivity C. Wearable Sensors Improve Working Conditions D. Wearable Sensors Offer Reasonable Work Schedules D Driven by concerns over environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and personal health, many people are exploring alternatives to traditional farm-raised meat. Alternative meat (alt-meat) products, including lab-grown meat and plant-based substitutes, are made using innovative food technologies. While both offer environmental and ethical benefits, each faces distinct challenges related to health, cost, and scalability that must be addressed. Farm-raised meat comes from livestock such as cows, pigs, and chickens. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports that livestock farming accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. It also requires enormous amounts of land and water, contributing to deforestation, habitat loss, and water shortages. As global meat demand continues to rise, these environmental problems are expected to worsen significantly. Lab-grown meat is produced directly from animal cells, eliminating the need to raise and slaughter livestock. Studies show it could reduce emissions by up to 96%, land use by 99%, and water use by 96% compared to conventional meat. It can also be modified to have lower fat content or enriched with nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids. However, its long-term health effects remain unknown, requiring strict regulatory oversight from agencies like the FDA and EFSA. Additionally, while simple products like ground meat are already commercially viable (e.g., Israel’s first clean-meat restaurant opened in 2020), producing complex cuts like steak remains expensive and difficult to scale. Plant-based products like Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods closely mimic real meat. Production of a Beyond Burger generates 90% fewer emissions and uses 46% less energy than beef, and it contains no cholesterol, 40% less saturated fat, and similar protein levels. However, these products are highly processed. For example, an Impossible Burger contains 370mg of sodium versus 82mg in a beef burger, which may offset health benefits. They also lack key nutrients such as calcium, zinc, and vitamin B12. Moreover, extensive processing and additives can increase resource demand by up to 26%, reducing their environmental advantages. Both types of alt-meat are more expensive than traditional meat — plant-based products cost roughly twice as much as beef per pound, largely due to high R&D costs. Despite this, their popularity is rising. A 2021 study in Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems found that alt-meat offers new opportunities for farmers (e.g., supplying ingredients or genetic material) but also threatens the income of ranchers and feed-crop growers. Most producers believe alt-meat will complement, not replace, conventional meat, ultimately providing more market choices and supporting agricultural diversification rather than causing wholesale disruption. 12. According to the passage, what is one major challenge facing lab-grown meat? A. It cannot be modified to improve nutritional content. B. Its long-term health effects have not been fully established. C. It produces more greenhouse gas emissions than farm-raised meat. D. It has not yet been approved for commercial sale anywhere. 13. What does the author suggest about plant-based meat substitutes? A. They are generally healthier than whole plant foods. B. Their high sodium content may cancel out some health benefits. C. They contain more saturated fat than beef burgers. D. They are less processed than lab-grown meat. 14. What do most food producers believe about the future of alt-meat, according to the 2021 study? A. It will completely replace traditional farm-raised meat. B. It will only benefit large factory farms. C. It will serve as a supplement rather than a replacement. D. It will reduce the total demand for protein. 15. Which of the following is a common disadvantage shared by both lab-grown meat and plant-based substitutes? A. Both require the slaughter of animals. B. Both are described as costly to produce or scale up. C. Both contain high levels of saturated fat. D. Both have been proven to cause long-term health problems. 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 How to study intensely without getting burned out? I’ve done a number of intensive learning projects, sometimes studying for up to twelve hours a day. The risk of working too hard and crashing is always present during projects of this intensity. ____16____. Here are some tips for staying focused without burning out. ●Clearly Separate Studying from Life. The worst situation is to be in a state of constant semi-studying (半学习). This happens when people don’t have fixed studying schedules and instead feel like they should “always” be studying. Since always studying is impossible, people secretly add non-studying activities — like playing on their phone or watching television-into their learning time. ____17____, they feel like they have to study more hours. The end result is burnout. One strategy is to have a clear separation between the hours you’re studying and the hours you’re not. ●Adjust to the Sweet Spot of 85% Success. We learn best when our success rate is around 85%. If we fail consistently, not only do we get frustrated, we learn less. There are plenty of ways you can adjust your success rate. One is to make the task easier. ____18____, switch to doing them open-book. If you are struggling to memorize something, make a mnemonic (助记符号). It’s much easier to maintain motivation throughout your studies if you can get to a smooth rate of successful trials. ●Never Cut Sleep. Late-night cramming (临时死记硬背) is a student favorite. But it’s worst possible strategy you can employ when learning. Sleep plays a crucial role in memory. Cutting sleep while studying is like throwing away your running shoes right before a race. ____19____. ●Work out regularly. ____20____. While cutting exercise in a short-term manner is sometimes unavoidable, maintaining good exercise habits is among the few things that reliably improve cognitive functioning. Surprisingly, physical training, not “brain training” games you play on your phone, may be the only kind of brain training that actually works. A. Then, when they are unproductive B. If you’re failing to do problem sets C. Exercise is another learning booster D. Thus, I’ve discovered some strategies for preventing burnout E. Even though the journey to weight loss is often filled with obstacles F. Think deeply about what you have learned and form your own habits G. You might think the extra studying time will help, but it only hurts you 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pooja Rani entered the boxing area at age 18 all thanks to her coach Sanjay Kumar. However, even with much ____21____, Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves. She also knew that her father would not ____22____ her taking up this “violent” sport. But Pooja went after her interest in secret anyway until one day when ____23____ came to her father — he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport. “My father didn’t ____24____ me playing other sports but boxing was a(n) ____25____ no-go zone,” Pooja said. It then took six months of continuous efforts from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to ____26____ her father to change his attitude. After that, she devoted herself to training. She won the National Youth Boxing Championship in 2009, which ____27____ her career on an upward path. In 2012, she ____28____ two silver medals at the Asian Boxing Championship and the Arafura Games. Later, she acquired a gold medal at the South Asian Games in 2016, thus making her ____29____ for the Rio Olympics that year. Unstoppable as she was, her wins came to a (n) _____30_____ for some reason. During that time, she was _____31_____ by many people. It took her a whole year to get back on _____32_____ with their assistance. What a comeback! Pooja _____33_____ in an impressive way, winning back-to-back gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021. Given the long and _____34_____ road she took to get here, for us, Pooja is _____35_____ the “queen of boxing”. 21. A. attention B. guidance C. encouragement D. doubt 22. A. object to B. approve of C. submit to D. turn down 23. A. disbelief B. warning C. secret D. word 24. A. mind B. favor C. find D. leave 25. A. dangerous B. essential C. impossible D. strict 26. A. remind B. convince C. advise D. urge 27. A. guaranteed B. threw C. pushed D. built 28. A. bagged B. awarded C. missed D. targeted 29. A. eager B. fit C. ready D. qualified 30. A. end B. head C. pause D. close 31. A. backed B. forgotten C. questioned D. criticized 32. A. stage B. board C. track D. field 33. A. performed B. returned C. succeeded D. recovered 34. A. winding B. stretching C. climbing D. changing 35. A. generally B. truly C. eventually D. obviously 四.语法填空。(15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Archaeological surveys and excavations (挖掘) in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region over the past year have yielded a new understanding of the ___36___ (region) rich history. Last year, the local institute of cultural relics and archaeology undertook 135 projects ___37___ (involve) archaeological surveys, explorations and excavations ahead of large construction programs, as well as 15 proactive excavation projects. The efforts sought ___38___ (uncover) more about the early civilization of Xinjiang, its historical role ___39___ national unification (统一), and the various religions that once flourished, their development, and local adaptation. At the Husta archaeological site in Wenquan County, archaeologists ___40___ (dig) a tin-bronze alloy knife days ago that is considered one of the oldest bronze items found in China. ___41___ (locate) on the homonymous grassland at the southern foot of the Alatau Mountains, the Husta site consists of city ruins, cemeteries (墓地), and other remains, the majority of ___42___ date back around 3, 600 years. During a recent excavation, archaeologists found a large cemetery about 2 km southeast of the core area. It has ___43___ stone-enclosed burial mound (土墩) whose stone enclosure measures 23 meters in ___44___ (long) from north to south and 25 meters from east to west. It is one of the earliest Bronze Age sites found so far in Xinjiang. ____45____ (previous), this style of mid-Bronze Age tomb was primarily found in the Altai Mountains in the far north of Xinjiang. 五．写作部分。(40分) 46. 假如你是昆山杜克大学的教务老师，一个学生给你写这封邮件询问交换生项目期间结束之后能否继续留在昆山杜克大学进行学习。然后学校的教务政策是：Exchange students will have to return to their home school after they have finished their studies at Duke Kunshan...你可以根据政策，和学生回复的邮件，允许适当延伸，从而礼貌回复该生邮件；要求80-100词，让学生明白制度的硬性规定，同时不要冷漠地回复学生的邮件。 学生邮件： Dear Registry team, I am an exchange student from the University of Nottingham, and I really want to continue my studies here, because I really like the study atmosphere and low cost at this University. You know our house rent is high at Nottingham, sometimes I feel stressed to pay the house rent...Could you please give me the chance? Best regards, Allen Stacy ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 观点驳斥题：下面有一个观点，请用英文写出你的反驳，要求：观点、论据、逻辑自洽。阅卷教师将根据学生回答质量综合评分，词数不限，只要你能清楚表达就没有问题。 Commented by Jincai: Students who spend much money to study abroad are “wasted”. Your comment to this negative comment: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 68. (20分)读后续写： 48. 读后续写 Li Hua had always been a top student in his county middle school — until he entered senior high. The first monthly English test of his freshman year came back with a glaring red “58” scrawled across the top. The whispers around him felt like sharp laughter. His English teacher gently suggested he “adjust his learning strategies”, while his deskmate casually slid over an answer sheet filled with corrected multiple-choice answers and whispered, “Just copy mine next time. No one will notice.” That weekend, Li Hua locked himself in his room and spread out every English notebook he had kept since junior high. To his horror, he realized he still confused the present simple tense with the present continuous, let alone understood the complex long sentences in his reading passages. Fury and shame boiled over — he hurled the notebooks onto the floor. But half an hour later, he picked them up, opened the first page, and wrote in red ink: “Starting today, two extra hours every day. No excuses.” What followed was a silent war. At 6 a.m., his voice echoed in the dormitory hallway as he recited vocabulary. During lunch breaks, he sat in the corner of the empty classroom, replaying listening clips over and over, his earphones pressing hard against his ears. Under the dim desk lamp late at night, his test papers grew covered in tiny handwritten annotations. The results came slowly: 65 in the second monthly test, 72 in the midterm, 78 in the final. Each improvement drew surprised glances from classmates, but Li Hua knew all too well how far he still was from a real breakthrough. In his second year, the school announced a mock IELTS test. Without hesitation, Li Hua signed up. When the results were posted, the whole class buzzed with disbelief — he had scored 7.5. His English teacher walked into the classroom, holding the score report, and stopped at his desk. She gently placed a form in front of him: “Li Hua, this is the application for the international exchange program — only three spots are available. But before you fill it out, I’d like to hear your story.” Li Hua took the form, his fingers trembling slightly. He turned his gaze out the window. The plane trees outside the teaching building, once bare in winter, were now thick with summer leaves — just like his own growth over the past year and a half. Paragraph 1: Taking a deep breath, Li Hua began to tell his teacher what he had been through over the past eighteen months. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the teacher finally looked up from the application form, there was a thoughtful smile on her face. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $