高中课标新增词汇 一遍过（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整理了180个高考高频词汇，涵盖词性、释义、固定搭配及真题语境例句，构建了从基础词汇到核心短语再到语境应用的完整知识体系。 清单采用重点词汇加粗标注与搭配用法分层呈现，如“alert”标注be alert to等短语并附外研选必三真题例句，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设高考真题链接（2023北京卷、2024新高考卷等）和教材出处提示，帮助学生精准掌握词汇应用，提升学习能力，教师可据此设计针对性复习方案，提高备考效率。

1．AI (artificial intelligence) [ˌeɪ'aɪ] n．人工智能 2．alert [ə'lɜːt]adj.警觉的；警惕的；意识到 n．警戒；警报v.使意识到；使警惕 be alert to　　　　　　 留意/警惕…… alert sb. to sth. 使某人意识到某事 be on the alert for 警惕…… on (full) alert 处于(全面)戒备状态 (外研选必三U6) By imagining a world without birds, she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems.　通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界，她力求向科学界和广大公众警示人类活动对自然生态系统造成的破坏性影响。 3. anniversary [ˌænɪ'vɜːsəri]n.周年纪念日 on the anniversary of　　 在……的周年纪念日 (2024·北京卷满分作文) It's great to hear you're planning to write about China's achievements on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of this country. 很高兴得知你计划在新中国成立 75 周年之际，撰写关于中国发展成就的内容。 4．Antarctica [æn'tɑːktɪkə]n.南极洲 5．app (application) [æp]n.应用程序 6．Arctic ['ɑːktɪk]n.北极adj.北极的 7．bacteria [bæk'tɪəriə]n.(pl.)细菌 8．BCE [ˌbiːsiː'iː]公元前 9．bee [biː]n.蜜蜂 10．besides [bɪ'saɪdz]adv.此外；而且prep.除……之外 11．bias ['baɪəs]n.偏见；偏心；偏爱v.使偏心；使偏向 biased adj.　　　　　　 有偏见的；存在偏差的 have a bias against/towards... 对……有偏见/偏向 (2023·北京卷)It has been proved that people have a bias towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well­being and financial stability of their future selves or community. 事实证明，人们往往倾向于关注当下——只关注眼前的诱惑，而忽视了未来自我或整个社群的健康、福祉与经济稳定。 12．bin [bɪn]n.大容器；垃圾箱 v．扔掉；丢弃 13．bug [bʌɡ]n.小昆虫；着迷；(尤指计算机的)故障；缺陷 v．装窃听器；窃听；使恼怒 the travel bug 旅游狂热 (外研选必四U4) She is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start­up bug. 她并不是唯一一个着迷于创业的年轻人。 14．bully ['bʊli]v.恐吓；伤害；胁迫 n．仗势欺人者；横行霸道者 bully sb. into doing... 恐吓某人做…… When the teacher heard that a few senior students had bullied the younger ones into cleaning their classrooms every day, he was very angry and severely criticized those senior students. 当老师听到有几名高年级学生恐吓低年级学生每天替他们打扫教室时，他非常生气，并严厉批评了那些高年级学生。 15．burst [bɜːst]v.爆裂；突然出现；猛冲 n．爆裂；突发 burst into laughter/tears 突然笑/哭起来 burst out laughing/crying 突然笑/哭起来 burst onto 突然出现在…… (指突然成功) burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 a burst of 一阵…… (外研选必一U3) In the 1980s, the team burst onto the international volleyball scene with several major world titles, and an amazing three­set victory over the United States in the final of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. 在20世纪80年代，球队在国际排球界一鸣惊人，斩获了好几项世界大赛的冠军，并在1984年洛杉矶奥运会决赛中，以惊人的三连胜击败了美国队。 16．butterfly ['bʌtəflaɪ]n.蝴蝶 17．capture ['kæptʃə(r)]v.俘获；夺取；引起(兴趣)；绘制；赢得n.(被)捕获；(被)俘获 capture one's attention/imagination/interest引起某人的注意/想象/兴趣 18.casual ['kæʒuəl]adj.不经意的；无忧无虑的；漫不经心的；不在乎的；非正式的；随便的；偶然的 casually adv.　　　　 随意地，漫不经心地；临时地；偶然地 on a casual basis 非正式地；随意地；临时地 (北师大选必二U4) He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable, so he walked casually into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars.　 他注意到这个茶碟是一件古董，而且价值不菲，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 19．cautious ['kɔːʃəs]adj.小心的；谨慎的 caution n.　　　　　　 小心；谨慎 v. 警告；提醒 be cautious about/of 对……小心/谨慎 with caution ＝cautiously 小心地 caution sb. against...＝caution sb. not to do... 警告/提醒某人不要…… Hikers must be cautious about changing weather conditions when they go climbing in the mountains. 徒步旅行者在登山时，必须对多变的天气状况保持谨慎。 20．CE [ˌsiː'iː]公元 21．ceremony ['serəməni]n.典礼；仪式 opening/closing ceremony 开/闭幕式 award ceremony 颁奖典礼 wedding ceremony 结婚典礼 22.charm [tʃɑːm]n.魅力 v．吸引；迷住 charming adj. 迷人的；可爱的 23.childhood ['tʃaɪldhʊd]n.童年；幼年 24．chip [tʃɪp]n.芯片；薯条；碎片；缺口 v．打破；切下；植入芯片 25．chore [tʃɔː(r)]n.家务杂活；乏味无聊的工作 We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house.　我们必须通过在家里做家务来赚取零用钱。 26．collaborate [kə'læbəreɪt]v.合作；协作 collaborative adj. 合作的，协作的 collaboration n. 合作 collaborate with sb. on sth./in doing sth. 与某人合作做某事 The two schools will collaborate with each other on a student exchange program that will start at the beginning of the next semester. 这两所学校将合作开展一个交换生项目，该项目将于下学期初启动。 27．command [kə'mɑːnd]n.指令，命令v.命令；指挥 28．compass ['kʌmpəs]n.罗盘；指南针 (pl.) 圆规 29．controversial [ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl]adj.有争议的；引起争论的 30．conscious ['kɒnʃəs]adj.意识到；注意到；有知觉的 consciousness n.　　　 意识；知觉；觉悟；感觉 be conscious of 意识到…… As citizens, we should be conscious of our responsibility to protect the environment, which is crucial for the future of our planet. 作为公民，我们应当意识到自己有保护环境的责任，这对我们星球的未来至关重要。 31．convey [kən'veɪ] v．表达；传递；传送 convey sth. to sb.　向某人表达/传递/传达…… (2023·浙江卷1月满分作文) It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. 那只鸟儿似乎在等我，它圆溜溜的小眼睛紧紧盯着我，仿佛想要传达某种深切而无言的感激。 32．craft [krɑːft] n．技艺；手艺；诡计 v．精心制作 33．cucumber ['kjuːkʌmbə(r)]n.黄瓜 34．currency ['kʌrənsi]n.货币；通货；通用；流传 foreign currency　　　 外币 currency exchange 货币兑换；外汇兑换 35.curve [kɜːv]n.曲线；弯曲v.(使)沿曲线运动；呈曲线形　 36．dam [dæm]n.水坝v.筑坝 37．dawn [dɔːn]n.黎明；拂晓；开端v.开始；变得明朗 at dawn　　　　　 在拂晓时分/黎明时刻 dawn on sb. (某人)开始理解；渐渐明白 (译林选必四U4) It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development. 我很快就意识到，许多大学教授都很愿意分享他们所知道的，而且他们对学生的智力发展确实很感兴趣。 38．dedicate ['dedɪkeɪt]v.致力于；奉献 dedicated adj.　　　　 专用的；专注的；献身的 dedication n. 奉献；献身；献辞 dedicate sth. to (doing) sth. 把……奉献给…… dedicate oneself to (doing) sth. 献身于……；致力于…… be dedicated to (doing) sth. 献身于……；致力于…… (2023·全国甲卷满分作文) Born in 551 BCE，Confucius was a philosopher，politician and educator who dedicated his life to spreading his ideas and beliefs. 孔子生于公元前551年，是一位哲学家、政治家和教育家，他毕生致力于传播自己的思想和信仰。 39．delight [dɪ'laɪt]n.高兴；乐事 v．使高兴 delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的 delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 be delighted at/by/with... 对……高兴/满意 to one's delight 令某人高兴的是 with/in delight 高兴地；愉快地 take delight in ＝delight in 以……为乐 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文) I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. 我还送给了他一件我在布拉格买的精美纪念品，他欣然收下了。 40．doll [dɒl]n.玩偶；玩具娃娃 41．drone [drəʊn]n.无人机 42．down [daʊn]adv.向下；朝下；在下面 43．elevator ['elɪveɪtə(r)]n.电梯 take the elevator 乘电梯 44.eliminate [ɪ'lɪmɪneɪt]v.排除；淘汰；消灭 elimination n. 消除 eliminate poverty/noise 消除贫困/噪音 45.empathy ['empəθi]n.共情；同理心 46．empress ['emprəs]n.女皇；皇后 47．endangered [ɪn'deɪndʒəd]adj.濒危的 endanger v. 使遭危险；危及 endangered species 濒危物种 48.ethical ['eθɪkl]adj.伦理的；道德的 ethic n. 伦理；道德 ethically adv. 伦理上 49.evolve [ɪ'vɒlv]v.进化；演变 evolve into 发展成，进化成 evolve from 由……进化 (外研选必一U5) Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. 　达尔文猜想这些雀鸟是由一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这片群岛。随着时间的推移，它慢慢进化成了许多新物种。 50．exceed [ɪk'siːd]v.超过；超越 exceeding adj. 超越的；非常的；极度的 Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts. 在此期间，新增大约13 500个就业岗位，超过市场分析师预期的12 000个。 51．exhaust [ɪɡ'zɔːst]v.使筋疲力尽；耗尽 exhausted adj. 疲惫的；耗尽的 exhaustion n. 枯竭；耗尽；精疲力竭 One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. 　一天，我心力交瘁，便写下了这个问题无法解决的所有原因。 52．fable ['feɪbl]n.寓言 53．faint [feɪnt]adj.昏厥的；微弱的；不积极的 v．昏厥 n．昏厥 (译林必修二U4) He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could. 现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力抓住这条大鱼。 54．fascinating ['fæsɪneɪtɪ]adj.有吸引力的；迷人的 fascinate v. 使着迷 fascinated adj. 着迷的，被深深吸引的 fascination n. 着迷，迷恋；魅力，极大的吸引力 in fascination 入迷地；着迷地 have a fascination for/with sb./sth. 对某人/物着迷 be fascinated by/with 对……入迷的；对……极感兴趣的 As a regular reader of Youth, I am fascinated by/have a fascination for/with columns on teenagers where I get touched by inspiring stories and gain happiness from exciting news.　作为《青年报》的忠实读者，我对报纸上有关青少年的专栏情有独钟——在这些专栏里，我会被鼓舞人心的故事所打动，也会从振奋人心的消息中收获快乐。 55．fertile ['fɜːtaɪl]adj.肥沃的；多产的；可繁殖的；想象力丰富的 fertiliser n. 化肥 56.fireman ['faɪəmən]n.消防队员 57．firework ['faɪəwɜːk]n.烟火；烟花 58．flame [fleɪm]n.火焰；激情 v．燃烧；变红 in flames 失火 burst into flame(s) 突然燃烧起来 flame with rage 气得两颊通红 59.float [fləʊt]v.漂浮；飘然移动；提出 float about/around (思想等)传播，流传 “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead. 凯瑟琳·怀特黑德说：“我们向妈妈提出了合住一套房子的想法。” 60．fog [fɒɡ]n.雾；迷茫 v．使困惑 foggy adj. 有雾的；雾茫茫的 in a fog 困惑地 61．fool [fuːl]n.蠢人；傻瓜 v．欺骗；愚弄 adj.傻的，愚蠢的 foolish adj. 愚蠢的 make a fool of 欺骗；愚弄 fool sb. into doing... 欺骗某人做…… Don't make a fool of him in public—it will hurt his feelings badly. 别在公共场合捉弄他，这会严重伤害他的感受。 62．fortune ['fɔːtʃuːn]n.运气；命运 63．frame [freɪm]n.框架；骨架；模式 v．给……做框；制订；表达 be in/out of the frame 参加/不参加 64.fulfil [fʊl'fɪl]v.实现；履行；起……作用；使满足，使有成就感 fulfilment n. 实现；履行；实行；成就 fulfil a duty/an obligation/a promise 履行职责/义务/诺言 (人教选必一U5) What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 最令人印象深刻的是袁隆平不断实现梦想的能力。 65．furthermore [ˌfɜːðəmɔː(r)]adv.此外；而且 66．gene [dʒiːn]n.基因 67．gesture ['dʒestʃə(r)]n.姿势；姿态 v．做手势；用动作示意 make a gesture 做手势 gesture for/to sb. to do... 示意某人做…… The old man who was standing by the window gently gestured to the children to keep quiet as the baby upstairs was sleeping. 因为楼上的婴儿正在睡觉，站在窗边的那位老人温柔地示意孩子们保持安静。 68．giant ['dʒaɪənt]n.巨人；大公司adj.巨大的；伟大的　 69．glance [ɡlɑːns]v.瞥一眼；浏览 n．一瞥；扫视 at a glance 一瞥；看一眼 at first glance 乍一看，初看；第一眼就…… take/have a glance at 看一眼…… glance at/around/over/through 看一下，浏览 The landscape which looked flat and boring at first glance revealed a series of beautiful valleys and waterfalls when we climbed to the top of the hill. 这片风景乍一看平平无奇、毫无生气，但当我们爬到山顶时，却发现这里有一连串美丽的山谷和瀑布。 70．god [ɡɒd]n.上帝；神；极受崇拜的人(偶像) 71．graceful ['ɡreɪsfl]adj.优美的；得体的；有风度的 grace n. 优美；高雅；恩典 disgrace n. 丢脸；耻辱 72.gratitude ['ɡrætɪtjuːd]n.感激；感恩 with gratitude 感激地 in gratitude for 感激…… a deep sense of gratitude 深深的感激 No matter how busy we are with our studies, we should always find time to express our gratitude to the teachers who guide us on the path of growth. 无论我们的学业有多繁忙，我们都应该抽出时间，向那些在成长道路上指引我们的老师表达谢意。 73．headline ['hedlaɪn]n.头条新闻；标题 grab/hit/make the headlines 成为头条新闻 74.helicopter ['helɪkɒptə(r)]n.直升机 75．heritage ['herɪtɪdʒ]n.遗产；传统 cultural heritage 文化遗产 natural heritage 自然遗产 heritage preservation 遗产保护 76.highway ['haɪweɪ]n.公路，干道 77．horror ['hɒrə(r)]n.震惊；恐惧 with/in horror 惊恐地 to one's horror 令某人震惊的是 (译林选必三U3) The ship shook violently and the men looked at each other in horror. 船剧烈摇晃，人们惊恐地看着对方。 78．humanity [hjuː'mænəti]n.人类；人道；人性 79．hybrid ['haɪbrɪd]n.杂种动/植物；杂种；混合物 adj.杂交的 80．ingredient [ɪn'ɡriːdiənt]n.成分；原料；因素 81．ink [ɪk]n.墨水；墨汁 in ink 用墨水 82.intellectual [ˌɪntə'lektʃuəl]adj.智力的 n．知识分子 83．invest [ɪn'vest]v.投资；投入 investment n. 投资；投入 investor n. 投资者 invest in 投资于；寄希望于 (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. 我们在帮助我们快速通行的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。 84．irrigation [ˌɪrɪ'ɡeɪʃn]n.灌溉 irrigate v. 灌溉；冲洗 85.keen [kiːn]adj.渴望的；热衷于；热情的；敏锐的；激烈的；锋利的 be keen on 喜爱……；渴望…… be keen to do... 热衷于；渴望做…… For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. 另一方面，中国拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化，对那些热衷于中国一切事物的人来说，它一直有着巨大的吸引力。 86．kung fu [ˌkʌ 'fuː]n.功夫 87．lean [liːn]v.倾斜；倚靠 adj.瘦且健康的；贫乏的；精干的　 lean on 依靠；依赖 lean against/on sth. 斜靠在某物上 (人教必修二U5)Music was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. 　音乐是岩石，让我依靠，让我变得坚强去度过那些艰难的日子。 88．leap [liːp]v.跳跃；猛冲；激增 n．跳跃；激增 leap to one's feet 迅速站起来 look before you leap 三思而后行 leap at 迅速抓住 leap over 越过 When the teacher offered a chance to join the English speech contest, all the students leaped at the opportunity to show their skills. 当老师提供了一个参加英语演讲比赛的机会时，所有学生都迅速抓住这个展示自己能力的机会。 89．legend ['ledʒənd]n.传说；传奇人物 legendary adj. 传说的，传奇的 90.lifestyle ['laɪfstaɪl]n.生活方式 91．lightning ['laɪtnɪ]n.闪电 adj.飞快的；突然的 92．lip [lɪp]n.嘴唇；边沿 93．livestock ['laɪvstɒk]n.家畜；牲畜 94．lost [lɒst]adj.迷路的；丢失的；不知所措的；困惑的 be lost for words 不知该说什么好，无言以对 be lost in 全神贯注于…… She will never forget the moment when she was lost for words after hearing that she had won the national scholarship. 她永远不会忘记那个瞬间——当得知自己获得国家奖学金时，她竟不知该说什么好。 95．loyal ['lɔɪəl]adj.忠诚的；忠实的 loyalty n. 忠诚；忠心；忠实 be loyal to 忠诚于…… The student who is elected as the monitor must be loyal to his duty and serve the whole class heart and soul.　当选班长的学生，必须忠于自己的职责，全心全意为全班同学服务。 96．magnificent [mæɡ'nɪfɪsnt]adj.壮丽的；宏伟的；值得赞扬的 97．mall [mɔːl]n.商场；购物广场 98．marine [mə'riːn]adj.海洋的；海生的 99．meanwhile ['miːnwaɪl]adv.同时；在此期间 n．其间 in the meanwhile 在此期间；与此同时 for the meanwhile 一会儿；暂时 100.metaphor ['metəfə(r)]n.暗喻；隐喻 101．migration [maɪ'ɡreɪʃn]n.迁移；移居；迁徙 migrate v. 迁移；移居；转移 migrant n. 移居者；移民；候鸟 (外研必修一U5) This annual movement is called migration. They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. 这种一年一度的运动叫作迁徙。它们迁徙是为了寻找食物、寻找伴侣，或是为了寻找更温暖的天气。 102．miracle ['mɪrəkl]n.奇迹；不平凡的事 miraculous adj. 不可思议的，奇迹般的 work/perform miracles 创造奇迹；有奇效 The tractor was resting against the crash barrier in the central reservation，having miraculously crossed the busy road with fast­flowing traffic. 那辆拖拉机奇迹般地穿过了车流湍急的繁忙马路，最后靠在中央隔离带的防护栏上。 103．mobile ['məʊbaɪl]adj.可移动的；流动的 mobility n. 移动性；机动性 104.modernization [ˌmɒdənaɪ'zeɪʃn]n.现代化 105．modest ['mɒdɪst]adj.谦虚的；适度的；朴素的 106．modify ['mɒdɪfaɪ]v.修改；调整；缓和；修饰 modified adj. 改进的，修改的；改良的 modification n. 修改，修正；改变 107.monument ['mɒnjumənt]n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；丰碑；历史遗迹 monumental adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常大(或好、坏、蠢等)的 a monument to... ……的纪念碑 When we walk through the school gate, we can see a monument to the alumni who donated money to build the new library. 穿过校门，我们就能看到一座为那些捐款修建新图书馆的校友们所立的纪念碑。 108．mutton ['mʌtn]n.羊肉 109．mutual ['mjuːtʃuəl]adj.相互的；共同的 mutual respect/understanding 相互的尊敬/理解 mutual support/aid 相互的支持/帮助 (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Such an inviting column, adopting a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others' characteristics, thus strengthening mutual understanding. 　这个极具吸引力的专栏采用 “描述与猜测” 的形式，必然会让每个人都得以了解他人的性格特点，从而增进彼此的理解。 110．mystery ['mɪst(ə)ri]n.神秘；奥秘；疑案小说(或电影、戏剧) mysterious adj.　 神秘的；不可思议的；诡秘的 (外研选必四U5) The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始，这一事实使得其种种成就更加令人难以置信且神秘莫测。但其中最大的谜团是玛雅人为何遗弃了绝大部分的大城市。 111．myth [mɪθ]n.神话；虚构的东西；荒诞的说法 mythic adj. 神话的；虚构的 112.neutral ['njuːtrəl]adj.中立的；中性的 n．中立者；中立国 113．numerous ['njuːmərəs]adj.众多的 114．obey [ə'beɪ]v.服从；遵守 disobey v. 不服从；不顺从 115.obstacle ['ɒbstək(ə)l]n.障碍；阻碍；绊脚石 an obstacle to... ……的阻碍 The lack of self­confidence which many students suffer from is a major obstacle to improving their academic performance. 许多学生都对自己不自信，这是他们提高学业成绩的主要障碍。 116．offend [ə'fend]v.得罪；冒犯；违背；令人不适 offensive adj.　　　攻击的；冒犯的；无礼的；讨厌的 offence n. 犯罪；违法行为；过错；攻击 offend against... 违反……；冒犯…… (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) But learning that we'll be randomly paired to do the oral practice, I feel an urge to express my different voice, hoping that this wouldn't offend you. 但当我得知我们将被随机配对进行口语练习时，我迫切想表达自己的不同想法，同时也希望这不会冒犯到您。 117．orchestra ['ɔːkɪstrə]n.管弦乐队 118．oven ['ʌvn]n.烤箱；烤炉 119．packet ['pækɪt]n.包；包裹；小盒子 120．pagoda [pə'ɡəʊdə]n.佛塔 121．pants [pænts]n.裤子 a pair of pants 一条裤子 122.patriotism ['peɪtriətɪzəm]n.爱国主义；爱国精神 patriotic adj. 爱国的 patriot n. 爱国者 123.penguin ['peɡwɪn]n.企鹅 124．perspective [pə'spektɪv]n.视角；观点；透视法 in perspective 正确地；符合透视法地 from another perspective 从另一个角度 (人教选必二U2) Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence. 留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。 125．pile [paɪl]n.堆；大量 v．堆积；放置；拥挤 a pile of 一堆…… pile up 堆积 be piled with 堆满…… It was a woman, pushing an old shopping trolley which was piled with bags. 　那是一个女人，正推着一辆堆满了袋子的旧购物手推车。 126．ping­pong ['pɪ pɒ]n.乒乓球(运动) 127．pizza ['piːtsə]n.比萨饼；意大利饼 128．porridge ['pɒrɪdʒ]n.粥 129．portrait ['pɔːtreɪt]n.肖像；描绘 130．poverty ['pɒvəti]n.贫穷；贫困 in poverty 贫困；处于贫困当中 relieve poverty 缓解贫困 poverty alleviation 扶贫 The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty，surrounded by criminals and violence，had written a new chapter in the history of sports. 这个前几年还赤着脚、家境贫寒，周围充斥着罪犯与暴力的孩子，已经在体育史上书写了崭新的篇章。 131．prince/princess [prɪns]/[ˌprɪn'ses]n.王子/公主 132．principal ['prɪnsəpl]adj.主要的 n．校长；本金；主角 133．proportion [prə'pɔːʃn]n.部分；份额；比例；规模 proportionate adj. 成比例的；相称的；适当的 in proportion 成比例；相称 out of proportion 不成比例；不相称；过分 a large proportion of 一大部分 I wonder why some people always take minor setbacks out of proportion instead of treating them as opportunities to grow. 我很好奇，为什么有些人总是把小小的挫折看得过于严重，而不是将其视为成长的机会。 134．prosperity [prɒ'sperəti]n.繁荣；兴旺 prosper v. 繁荣，昌盛；成功 prosperous adj. 繁荣的；兴旺的 (外研选必二U4) In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity. 身处在一个仍然面临诸多问题的世界中，我们有必要共同创造一个拥有和平与繁荣的未来的全球共同体。 135．puzzle ['pʌzl]n.谜 v．使困惑 puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的 puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzle over/about 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 a puzzled look/expression 一脸迷惑 Foreigners are puzzled about how to use the chopsticks correctly. 外国人对如何正确地使用筷子感到困惑。 136．pyramid ['pɪrəmɪd]n.金字塔 137．recent ['riːsnt]adj.近来的 recently adv. 最近 138.reinforce [ˌriːɪn'fɔːs]v.加强；加固 reinforcement n.　 加固；加强；增援警力；援军 139.rejuvenate [rɪ'dʒuːvəneɪt]v.使年轻；使更有活力 140．religion [rɪ'lɪdʒən]n.宗教；宗教信仰 religious adj. 宗教的；虔诚的 141．revolution [ˌrevə'luːʃn]n.革命；巨变；旋转 revolutionary adj. 革命的；巨变的 142.rhythm ['rɪðəm]n.节奏；节律 143．rival ['raɪvl]n.竞争对手 v．与……相匹敌；比得上 When it comes to mathematical problem­solving, no one in our class can rival Tom in speed.　说到解数学题，我们班没人能在解题速度上与汤姆匹敌。 144．rough [rʌf]adj.粗糙的；粗略的；粗暴的；危险的；汹涌的；恶劣的；讨厌的；刺耳的 roughly adv. 粗糙地；粗略地 On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics—many of them climate scientists—have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 例如，在一个名为 “无飞行气候科学” 的网站上，自两年前这项计划启动以来，约有200名学者——其中大多数是气候科学家——已承诺尽可能减少飞行次数。 145．sacrifice ['sækrɪfaɪs]n.牺牲；祭献 v．牺牲 at the sacrifice of 以牺牲……为代价 When we pursue our academic goals, we should not achieve success at the sacrifice of our physical and mental health. 当我们追求学业目标时，不应以牺牲身心健康为代价来获得成功。 146．sauce [sɔːs]n.调味汁；酱 147．scale [skeɪl]n.规模；等级；刻度；天平；比例；音阶 v．攀登；到达……顶点 on a large scale 大规模地 Although the cost of environmental protection is high, we must promote green energy use on a large scale to protect our planet. 尽管环保成本高昂，但我们必须大规模推广绿色能源的使用，以保护我们的地球。 148．scan [skæn]v.细看；扫描；浏览 n．扫描检查；浏览 149．selfish ['selfɪʃ]adj.自私的 selfless adj. 无私的 150.semester [sɪ'mestə(r)]n.学期 151．shell [ʃel]n.壳；炮弹 in the shell 尚未成熟，在酝酿中 152.sigh [saɪ]v.叹气；叹息 n．叹气 let out a sigh 发出叹息 with a long sigh 长叹一声 sigh for 渴望；为……叹息 (2025·浙江卷1月) The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief. 　那名男子愣了一下，但当他看到那个瘦小的男孩时，顿时松了一口气。 153．slave [sleɪv]n.奴隶 v．苦干；辛勤地工作 slavery n. 奴役；奴隶制度；奴隶身份 154.socialism ['səʊʃəlɪzəm]n.社会主义 socialist n. 社会主义者 socialize v. 交往；交际；参与社交 155.souvenir [ˌsuːvə'nɪə(r)]n.纪念品 156．spacecraft ['speɪskrɑːft]n.航天器；宇宙飞船 157．spicy ['spaɪsi]adj.加有香料的；刺激的 spice n. 香料；调味品 158．split [splɪt]v.分裂；分担；分手；离开 n．分裂 split away/off 脱离，分离出去 split up (with sb.) (和某人)断绝关系，分手 An average of four and a half hours a day is spent by today's children looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet. 如今的儿童平均每天花 4.5 小时盯着电子屏幕，这部分时间分别用于看电视和上网。 159．status ['steɪtəs]n.地位；身份；状态 160．steady ['stedi]adj.稳定的；稳固的；匀速的；可靠的 v．使平稳；使镇定 as steady as a rock 十分可靠；稳如磐石 steadily adv. 稳定地，稳固地 China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs. 　中国的形象正在稳步提升，越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。 161．supplement ['sʌplɪmənt]n.增补(物)；补充(物)；增刊 v．增补；补充 162．symptom ['sɪmptəm]n.症状；征兆 163．tap [tæp]v.轻敲；开发 n．轻击；水龙头 164．teamwork ['tiːmwɜːk]n.协同工作；配合 165．teenage ['tiːneɪdʒ]adj.青少年的 166．tent [tent]n.帐篷 167．throat [θrəʊt]n.咽喉；喉咙 168．tofu ['təʊfuː]n.豆腐 169．tomb [tuːm]n.坟墓；冢 170．transfer [træns'fɜː(r)]v.转移；搬迁；调动；传染；转乘；转让；转存 171．tropical ['trɒpɪkl]adj.热带的 172．tunnel ['tʌnl]n.地道；隧道 v．挖地道 173．TV [ˌtiː 'viː]n.电视；电视机 174．union ['juːniən]n.工会；联盟；联合；俱乐部 175．valid ['vælɪd]adj.有效的；确凿的 176．voyage ['vɔɪɪdʒ]n.航海；航行v.航行；远行 177．web [web]n.网；网状物；网络 178．wetland ['wetlənd]n.湿地；沼泽地 179．wolf [wʊlf]n.狼 v．大口地吃；狼吞虎咽 180．yield [jiːld]v.出产；屈服；放弃；让路 n．产量；利润 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $