必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

**基本信息** 以真题为载体，融合解题方法提炼与跨主题知识整合，系统训练语言能力与思维品质，强化核心素养落地。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|4题|细节定位、跨学科数据关联、标题归纳|以8.2Ka气候事件为线索，串联环境变化与人类适应策略，体现人类命运共同体意识| |阅读理解B|4题|推理判断、词义猜测、研究方法分析|围绕太阳活动与地震关联，构建科学探究逻辑链，提升科学思维| |完形填空|15题|语境词义辨析、情感线索分析|通过山火亲历叙事，融合叙事逻辑与情感体验，强化语言综合运用| |语法填空|10题|时态语态、非谓语动词、从句引导词|以苗绣文化为载体，串联语法规则与文化符号，渗透文化意识|

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [课标新变化：构建人类命运共同体] 　　(2026·湖北新八校协作体高三联考)Approximately 4，000 years following the last glacial period，hunter-gatherer communities encountered another sudden climate shift that forced rapid adaptation to significantly colder conditions.The 8.2 Ka event, occurring 8，200 years ago，brought about temperature declines of up to 6℃within mere decades.Meanwhile，the breakaway of a Scotland-sized landmass from the Norwegian continental shelf generated a massive tsunami that completed Britain's geographical separation from mainland Europe. 　　Despite these severe environmental challenges, northern hemisphere (半球) populations demonstrated remarkable toughness.Through it all，people across the northern hemisphere survived，some by packing up and moving，others by sticking it out.Rick Schulting from the University of Oxford notes：“These communities were not passive victims but actively adapted to changing circumstances.” 　　While previous research had examined regional impacts，Schulting's comprehensive study compared archaeological evidence and environmental records across northwestern Europe and southern Siberia.To understand how they adapted，scientists compared archaeological findings，such as burial sites and ancient remains，with environmental evidence preserved in ancient lake beds.This combination of clues allowed them to reconstruct past changes in the climate and landscape with remarkable precision. 　　Adaptation strategies varied significantly across regions.Coastal communities in Norway's Oslo Fjord expanded through increased reliance on marine resources like fish and seals，while Lake Baikal populations showed minimal disruption due to stable water-based supplies.In contrast，northwestern Russian groups around Lake Onega exhibited unusual burial patterns suggesting strategic concentration near reliable food sources，whereas Scottish communities abandoned coastal settlements entirely，likely moving inland to survive the prolonged cold period. 　　This ancient climate event provides crucial insights into human responses to environmental crises.As researchers emphasize，the 8.2 Ka event serves as a critical case study for understanding how modern societies might address contemporary climate challenges，demonstrating that human adaptability remains essential for survival in changing environments. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了8.2千年事件重大气候突变及其对人类社会的影响，北半球的人们采用不同的应对策略主动适应了这次极端天气事件，这次事件也为现代人应对气候危机提供了参考。 1．What was one major geographical event during the 8.2 Ka event? A．The formation of a new landmass. B．Scotland's breaking off from Norway. C．A tsunami brought by temperature drop. D．Britain's split from Continental Europe. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the breakaway of a Scotland-sized landmass...from mainland Europe”可知，8.2千年事件带来的影响之一是英国与欧洲大陆的地理分离。 2．What was the overall research method of Schulting's study? A．Analysis of archaeological findings. B．Cross-disciplinary data correlation. C．Computer-simulated climate modeling. D．Comparison with former research. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Schulting's comprehensive study...and southern Siberia”可知，舒廷进行了考古学与环境学的跨学科研究。 3．What do the varied adaptation strategies suggest? A．Strategies relied on resources. B．Coastal food became lacking. C．Water access boosted survival. D．Customs signaled survival advantage. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，不同地区居民生存策略不同，这取决于他们拥有的资源。 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．An Ancient Tsunami Isolated Britain B．Origins and Effects of the 8.2 Ka Event C．Stone-Age Diets Beating Climate Changes D．Ancient Lessons for Modern Climate Crises D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了8.2千年事件及其带来的影响和北半球的人们主动适应环境变化的方法，并表明8.2千年事件为现代人应对环境危机提供了重要的见解，故D项最适合作文章的标题。 B 　　(2026·济南三模)Scientists have revealed much of the basics about earthquakes: tectonic plates (构造板块) move, causing strain energy (应变能) to build up, and that energy eventually releases in the form of an earthquake. However, forecasting earthquakes remains a significant challenge, which was evidenced by the 2011 great Tohoku Earthquake. In addition to causing a tsunami that led to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, it resulted in more than 18，000 deaths. 　　In recent years, researchers have been trying to figure out a possible relation between the sun and earthquakes. Based on a previous study that connected solar activity with earthquakes, a study conducted by researchers from the University of Tsukuba (UT) cast light on this possibility, confirming that sunspot numbers had some influence on earthquakes and the Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, played a role. 　　“Solar heat drives atmospheric temperature changes, which in turn can affect things like rock properties and underground water movement，” said Junqueira Saldanha, leader of the research team. “Such changes can make rocks tend to break apart. For example, the changes in rainfall and snowmelt can affect the pressure on tectonic plate boundaries. While these factors may not be the main drivers of earthquakes, they could still be playing a role that can help to predict earthquakes.” 　　Among other findings, the researchers used mathematical and computational methods to analyze earthquake data alongside solar activity records and surface temperatures on Earth. They observed that when they included Earth surface temperatures into their model, the forecasting became more accurate, especially for shallow earthquakes. “That makes sense, since heat and water mostly affect the upper layers of the Earth's crust (地壳)，” said Saldanha. 　　The findings suggest the transfer of solar heat to the surface of the Earth does affect earthquakes, however minutely, and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts. “It's an exciting direction, and we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes，” said Saldanha. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对太阳活动与地震之间关系的研究，指出太阳热量传递到地球表面会对地震产生影响，将太阳活动预测纳入地球温度模型可能有助于地震预报。 5．Why did the author mention Tohoku Earthquake in paragraph 1? A．To demonstrate the movement of tectonic plates. B．To illustrate the difficulty in earthquake forecast. C．To reveal the heavy losses caused by earthquakes. D．To stress the necessity of weakening strain energy. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, forecasting earthquakes...Tohoku Earthquake.”可推知，提及该地震是为了证明地震预测困难的观点。 6．What does the study by UT mainly focus on? A．The climate change caused by earthquakes. B．The impact of solar activity on atmosphere. C．The reasons for increased sunspot numbers. D．The link between sunspots and earthquakes. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Based on a previous study...as affected by solar heat, played a role.”可知，该研究聚焦太阳黑子与地震的联系。 7．Which of the following would Saldanha agree with? A．Solar heat decides earthquake frequency. B．Tectonic plate pressure grows constantly. C．Earthquakes occur in the crust's upper layer. D．Solar activity data helps predict earthquakes. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While these factors...predict earthquakes.”和最后一段中的“incorporating solar activity predictions...may help issue earthquake forecasts”可推知，沙尔丹哈会赞同太阳活动数据有助于预测地震的看法。 8．What does the underlined word “decipher” in the last paragraph mean? A．Reveal. B．Distinguish. C．Expand. D．Assess. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“we hope our study...what causes earthquakes”并结合上文研究的目的是弄清楚太阳活动与地震的关系，以帮助预测地震可知，此处为“揭示”地震成因等相关内容。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　(2026·成都二诊)I grew up in Pacific Palisades, one of the Los Angeles neighborhoods burned down by the wildfires. As a small town, it was a 1 place since everyone got on well. 　　But today, it has been 2 the map. Now I'm standing on a street where my favorite restaurant once stood. It is 3 . Closing my eyes, I could list dozens of places that are 4 of my childhood and are no longer here. 　　Fires were a part of my childhood and there was always the 5 of them. But never had I 6 that there would be such a(n) 7 . And yet, that is what 8 happened. 　　While I am 9 the wildfires, my friends are texting, asking me to 10 if their homes are still standing. As a journalist, no matter what events I'm reporting, I love connecting with other people. This way, I feel something 11 about being here, in a place I know so well, using the tools that I've learned on this job to help 12 this story. But it is also very emotional, because you don't truly 13 the town at the moment. In a way, doing this job is part of my 14 experience for the Palisades. 　　This is about people right now. Everything is gone, but we're still here and we still have each other, and that's what 15 is going to be all about. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在被山火摧毁的帕利塞德进行报道的亲身经历。 1．A．popular B．special C．suitable D．lovely D　解析：根据下文“everyone got on well”可知，这是一个温馨、美好的(lovely)地方。 2．A．hidden from B．stuck to C．wiped off D．added to C　解析：根据上文burned down by the wildfires可知，这个小镇已经从地图上被抹去(wipe off)了。 3．A．old B．gone C．strange D．lively B　解析：根据上文burned down和下文no longer here可知，这家餐厅已经不复存在(gone)。 4．A．memories B．dreams C．pities D．remains A　解析：根据上文“Closing my eyes...places”及下文no longer here可知，此处表示作者可以列出许多被毁掉的童年回忆(memory)中的地方。 5．A．disappointment B．fear C．delight D．relief B　解析：根据上文“Fires were a part of my childhood”可知，火灾是作者童年的一部分，作者总是对火灾充满恐惧(fear)。 6．A．remembered B．imagined C．admitted D．reminded B　解析：根据上文burned down by the wildfires、“Fires were a part of my childhood”及But 并结合下文“Everything is gone”可知，作者从未想象(imagine)过会有这样一场灾难(disaster)。 7．A．adventure B．campaign C．accident D．disaster D　解析：参见上题解析。 8．A．exactly B．eventually C．suddenly D．usually A　解析：根据上文burned down by the wildfires及And yet可知，这场灾难确实(exactly)发生了。 9．A．investigating B．fighting C．covering D．watching C　解析：根据下文As a journalist和reporting可知，作者正在报道(cover)这场火灾。 10．A．check B．guess C．determine D．tell A　解析：根据上文“my friends are texting”及下文“if their homes are still standing”可知，朋友们请作者帮忙检查(check)他们的房子是否幸存。 11．A．beautiful B．hopeful C．frightening D．annoying A　解析：根据上文“I love connecting with other people”及下文“in a place I know so well”可知，作者在这个熟悉的地方做有意义的工作，所以感到美好(beautiful)。 12．A．witness B．share C．make D．change B　解析：根据上文As a journalist可知，作者是一名记者，职责是报道新闻，分享(share)故事。 13．A．understand B．protect C．record D．access D　解析：根据上文“it is also very emotional”及下文at the moment可知，当下无法真正进入(access)小镇，作者情绪复杂。 14．A．worrying B．awkward C．painful D．boring C　解析：根据第一段内容及上文“it is also very emotional...at the moment”可知，作者在报道这场灾难时感到很痛苦(painful)。 15．A．giving in B．sitting back C．holding on D．moving forward D　解析：根据上文“we're still here and we still have each other”可知，虽然遭受了火灾，但人们将继续前行(move forward)。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　(2026·湖北七市州调研)Decorated with patterns like the butterfly that symbolize love and liveliness, Miao Embroidery(苗绣) is not only China's Intangible Culture Heritage(ICH)(非物质文化遗产) embroidery style, but also 1.____________(serve) as an artful expression of the Miao people's cultural beliefs and daily life. In fact, Miao Embroidery is even 2.____________(diverse) than many other traditional embroidery styles. 　　Taking the Leishan Miao Embroidery as an example. The cultural symbolism behind it is 3.____________ earned its recognition as a national-level ICH item in 2006. A key pattern in the Leishan Miao Embroidery is the combination of “butterfly, gourd(葫芦), bird and petal”， which originates from a legendary Miao tale in 4.____________ birds rescue a child who has fallen into a gourd. Nowadays, this particular pattern can still 5.____________(see) on children's clothing，symbolizing blessings of health. 　　Unlike some traditional embroideries that focus on realism, Miao Embroidery is 6.____________(remarkable) characterized by a combination of abstract imagery and familiar patterns. In the “yin and yang fish” pattern, for instance, the two fish 7.____________(represent) male and female in Miao Embroidery express wishes for a happy 8.____________(marry). Therefore, this pattern often appears on Miao wedding dress, usually designed by the bride. 　　Miao people also use animal patterns such as phoenix, dragon and the sun 9.____________(convey) the meaning of happiness or reveal their respect for nature as well as their longing 10.____________ harmony. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作为中国非物质文化遗产之一的“苗绣”，不仅风格独特，而且还是苗族人民文化信仰和日常生活的艺术表达。 1．serves　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，but also后的内容应与not only前的is并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时；主语Miao Embroidery为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 2．more diverse　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空前的is even以及空后的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级作表语。 3．what　解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且从句中缺指物的主语成分，应用连接代词what引导。 4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词tale，指物，关系代词在句中作介词in的宾语，应用which。 5．be seen　解析：考查动词的语态。主语pattern与谓语动词see为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。 6．remarkably　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词characterized。 7．representing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词 express，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，且被修饰词fish与represent为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。 8．marriage　解析：考查名词。句中冠词a和形容词happy修饰名词，空处应用marry的名词形式。 9．to convey　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用不定式作目的状语。 10．for　解析：考查介词。longing for...意为“对……的渴望”，为固定短语。 阅读 理解 A篇 [高频词]encounter v. 遭遇；偶然碰到　remarkable adj. 非凡的，惊人的，显著的　stick it out (把困难、痛苦或枯燥的事)坚持到底 comprehensive adj.全面的　prolonged adj.持久的，长期的　[障碍词]landmass n．陆块；地块　split n．分裂，分离 cross-disciplinary adj.跨学科的 阅读 理解 B篇 [高频词]cast light on阐明，使……清楚　atmospheric adj.大气的　[障碍词]computational adj.计算的　incorporate v．纳入；包含 [熟词生义]issue (常用义) n．议题　(文章义) v．发布(预报) 完形 填空 [高频词]neighborhood n．街区，社区　wildfire n．野火，山林大火　connect with...与……沟通；与…… 建立联系　[障碍词]emotional adj.情绪激动的，感性的　hide from躲避，避开 语法 填空 [高频词]symbolize v．象征，代表　diverse adj.多样的，不同的　originate from起源于，源自　blessing n．祝福，祈愿　remarkable adj.显著的，值得注意的　imagery n．(艺术中的)意象，图像　represent v．代表，象征　reveal v．展现，表明　[障碍词]legendary adj.传说的；传奇的　longing n．渴望 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $