必修第一册 Unit 1 A new start 课时精讲（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，整合基础、培优、拔高词汇，系统梳理短语、句型及语法（如动词后缀-ise/-ize、with复合结构），按“词汇-语法-语境应用-写作”逻辑递进。通过考点梳理、方法指导（如句型转换）、真题训练（2024-2025年真题融入），帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料突出分层练习与语境化教学，如“场景微续写”结合情感动作描写，运用with复合结构和be doing...when...句型，培养语言能力与思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升练习，配合真题实例，确保高效复习，为教师提供系统框架，助力把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

1．campus n．校园 2．facility n．设施 3．engine n．发动机，引擎 4．insect n．昆虫 5．nudge n．(通常用肘)轻推 6．butterfly n．蝴蝶 7．poster n．海报 8．badminton n．羽毛球 9．drama n．戏剧 10．band n．乐队，乐团 11．gym n．体育馆，健身房 12．inner adj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的 13．hint n．有益的建议 14．subscribe v．订阅(报纸或杂志) 15．view n．(一次)观看 16．former adj.从前的 17．rainbow n．彩虹 18．neat adj.好的，令人愉快的 19．journal n．日记，日志 20．junior adj.低年级的 21．committee n．委员会 22．rate v．对……作评估，评价 1.senior adj.(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 2．panic n．惊恐，惊慌v.(使)惊慌 3．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的 v．使平静，使镇静 4．debate n．讨论，辩论 5．volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 6．gain v．获得，赢得 7．schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表 8．award n．奖，奖赏 v．授予，给予 9．opportunity n．机会，时机 10．sight n．看到，看见 11．figure v．认为，以为；计算 12．specific adj.具体的，特定的 13．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏；斗争，抗争 14．memorise v．记住，熟记 15．improve v．改善，改进 16．exchange v．交流(信息、想法等) 1.curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地 2．impress v．给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩→impression n．印象，感想→impressed adj.(对……)有深刻的好印象→impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 3．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的；惯例的→traditionally adv.传统上；习惯上 4．eager adj.热切的，渴望的→eagerness n．热切，渴望→eagerly adv.热切地，渴望地 5．explore v．考察，探险→exploration n．考察，探险→explorer n．考察者，探险者 6．collect v．收集；收藏→collection n．(一批)收藏品 7．organise v．组织→organisation n．组织→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的→organiser n．组织者 8．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸 9．challenge n．挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的 10．press vt.压，按→pressure n．压力 11．describe vt.描述，形容→description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容 12．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidence n．自信，信心；信任 13．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩；论据→arguable adj.可论证的，有论据的 14．sharp adj.锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→sharpen v．(使)变得锋利，变得清晰→sharpener n．磨具，削具 15．investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查，调查研究 16．apply v．申请；应用→application n．申请；应用；运用→applicant n．申请人 17．frighten v．使惊吓，使惊恐→frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的 18．refer v．参考，查阅；提到，谈及→reference n．参考，查阅；提到，谈及 19．perform v．做，履行；表演→performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现；表演→performer n．表演者 1．one by one依次地，一个接一个地 2．butterflies in one's stomach情绪紧张，心里发慌 3．in panic惊慌地 4．put...under pressure使……处于压力下 5．depend on依靠，依赖；取决于 6．make the most of充分利用 7．keep an open mind保持开放的心态 8．deal with处理 9．at the sight of看见…… 10．go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力 11．hold one's head up高昂着头 12．in particular尤其，特别 13．give...a hand帮助…… 14．refer to参考，查阅 15．look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望 1.I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.(be doing...when...) 我正在浏览公告板上的照片，这时我听见身后有一个声音。 2．With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. (with复合结构)　感到心里发慌，我深吸了一口气。 3．I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself！(too...to...) 我太紧张了，都没注意听他做自我介绍！ [基础词汇] 1．concentration n．集中；专注 2．register v．注册；登记 3．guidance n．指导 4．revise v．复习 5．academic performance学习成绩；学业表现 6．put one's heart into专心于 7．sign up for 报名参加；登记注册 8．develop one's potential to the fullest 充分挖掘某人的潜力 9．lend a helping hand to others 向别人伸出援助之手 [培优词汇] 1．qualification n．资格证书；学历 2．feedback n．反馈意见 3．accomplish v．(通过努力)完成；实现 4．achievement n．成绩 5．semester n．学期；半学年 6．contest n．比赛 7．credit n．学分 8．seminar n．研讨会 9．curricular adj.课程的 10．consult v．请教；咨询 [拔高词汇] 1．stroll vi.& n．散步；溜达；闲逛 2．intent adj.专注的 n．意图；目的 3．rival vt.比得上；与……相匹敌 n．竞争对手 adj.竞争的；对抗的 4．strive vi.努力；奋斗；力求 5．jaded adj.厌倦的；精疲力竭的 6．humility n．谦虚；谦逊 7．dull adj.沉闷的；乏味的；迟钝的 8．companion n．旅伴；伙伴；陪护 9．stern adj.严厉的；苛刻的；严峻的 10．mutual adj.相互的；彼此的；共同的 话题句型 1.As a saying goes, nothing is impossible for a willing heart. 　俗话说，心之所愿，无所不成。 2．When you are faced with difficulty, never lose heart/give up/quit.　当你面对困难时，决不灰心丧气/放弃。 3．It never occurred to me that I would get such a good grade. 　我从来没想过自己会取得如此好的成绩。 动词后缀-ise/-ize：形容词/名词＋-ise/-ize→动词，表示 “使成为……；实行……；处于……状态”。 [写出句中加黑词的词性及含义] 1．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.v.脱碳 2．(2025·浙江卷1月)Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.v.普及；推广；使大众化 3．(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist.v.记住 4．(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.v.认出 5．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.v.使最小化 curious　adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的，不寻常的 [单句语法填空/补全句子] ①(译林选必三U2)While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe. ②Frightened by the noise, I turned around, curious to see what was going on(好奇地想看看发生了什么事). ③Face-changing in Sichuan Opera aroused children's curiosity(激发了孩子们的好奇心), and they gathered around the performer with their eyes wide open.[应用文写作之活动报道] ④(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)I nodded, reciting a line about autumn rain washing old stones. A few students wrote it down, their eyes full of curiosity(眼中满是好奇). [读后续写之情感描写] (1)be curious about...　 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 想要做某事 (2)curiosity n. 好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 (3)curiously adv. 好奇地 [佳句背诵] (人教选必四U3)Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.　贸易和好奇心通常构成了人类最伟大成就的基础。 impression　n.印象，感想 [单句语法填空/语段写作] ①(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive(impress) building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. ②Mr. Simmons tried to impress on/upon me how much easier my life would be if I were better organized. ③这次去你们国家的旅行给我留下了深刻的印象。美丽的风景让我印象深刻。但最令我印象深刻的是中国的书法和文化。 The trip to your country left a deep impression on me. I was impressed by/with/at the beautiful scenery. But what impressed me most was Chinese calligraphy and culture. (1)make/leave a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下一个……的印象 (2)impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩 vi. 留下印象；引人注目 使某人牢记某事/某事使某人印象深刻 be impressed by/with/at... 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 [佳句背诵] (译林选必四U3)The interviewer can infer a lot from your body language. Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed.　面试官可以从你的肢体语言中推断出很多信息。积极的肢体语言传达出你自信和放松的印象。 argue　v.争论，争辩；认为；说服 [单句语法填空/补全句子/语段写作] ①(人教选必二U3)Put more simply, while people continue to argue over/about whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. ②Despite Jenna's initial hesitation, her friends managed to argue her into joining the activity(说服她参加这次活动), promising that the experience would be truly unforgettable. ③(2024·天津卷6月满分作文)无可争论，我们必须立即采取措施建设低碳校园。例如，我们应该说服我们周围的人不要使用塑料袋和一次性筷子。 It is beyond argument that we must take immediate measures to build a low-carbon campus.For example, we should argue those around us out of using plastic bags and disposable chopsticks.[应用文写作之演讲稿] (1)argue (with sb.) over/about sth.　　 (与某人)争论某事 argue for/against sth. 据理赞成/反对某事 argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 (2)argument n.　　　　　 争论，争辩；论据 beyond argument 无可争论 (3)arguable adj. 可论证的，有论据的 [佳句背诵] According to the graph above, 65% of the students argue for listening to English songs, while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English books. 根据上面的图表， 65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲， 而18%的学生主张他们可以通过阅读英语书籍来提高他们的英语水平。 [应用文写作之图表作文] apply　vi.申请，请求；有关；涉及　vt.专心于；使用；应用；涂，敷 [单句语法填空/语段写作] ①(译林选必四U3)An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant(apply) to see if he or she is suitable for the position. ②He fetched some cream, applied it to the wound with care and rushed me to hospital.[读后续写之动作描写] ③我写信是为了向您申请您昨天所发布的那个职位。如果我被录用，我将全身心投入这项工作。 I am writing to apply to you for the post that you advertised yesterday. If I am accepted, I will apply myself to the job．[应用文写作之申请信] (1)apply (to...) for... (向……)申请…… apply to do sth. 申请做某事 apply...to... 把……应用于……中； 把……涂到……上 apply oneself to (doing) sth. 专心致志于(做)某事 (2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；应用；应用程序 [佳句背诵] Yesterday she applied a fresh coat of paint to the fence, each stroke adding a bright touch to the old wooden panels. 昨天她给篱笆刷上了一层新漆，每一笔都为旧木板增添了一抹亮丽的色彩。[读后续写之动作描写] refer to　参考，查阅；提到，谈及；指的是；适用于 [写出下列句中refer to的含义/微写作] ①(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4？指的是 ②(译林必修三U4)When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.参考，查阅 ③The foreign friend I referred to just now is looking forward to being shown around our school.提到，谈及 ④我给你写信是要谈谈你提出的有关如何学好中文的问题。 I am writing with/in reference to your question on how to learn Chinese well．[应用文写作之建议信] (1)refer...to...　 　 　 把……提交给…… refer to...as... 把……称作…… (2)reference n. 参考，查阅；提到，谈及 with/in reference to 关于 [佳句背诵] If you come across new words in your reading, don't refer to the dictionary immediately. Instead, try to guess their meanings from the context.　如果你在阅读时遇到生词， 不要立刻查阅字典。相反， 试着根据上下文来猜测它们的意思。 look forward to　(兴奋地)期待，盼望(to为介词) [语段填空/微写作] ①Looking(look) back on the past, I regretted I had wasted so much wonderful time. Fortunately, I decided to make a change and looked through many books about time management. Then I made a schedule to work hard, looking forward to making(make) progress in study. Finally, I became a successful man that was looked up to by others. ②(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)感谢您的时间与精力。期待您的回复，也期待本报的新专栏。 Thank you for your time and effort. Looking forward to your reply and the new column in our newspaper.[应用文写作之询问信] look back (on)　　　　　 回忆，回顾 look out for 注意察看，留心 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look into 调查；向……里看 look through 浏览；温习 look up to 尊敬，敬仰 [佳句背诵] We sincerely hope you can do us a favour and come to teach us how to perform the short play. Looking forward to your early reply.　我们真诚地希望您能帮我们一个忙，来教我们如何表演这个短剧。期待您的早日回复。[应用文写作之求助信] “be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时(突然)……” [教材原句] I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.　我正在浏览公告板上的照片，这时我听见身后有一个声音。 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①(2024·北京卷)I was reading(read) a book in the classroom when there was an announcement. ②我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来， 它就倒塌了，只剩下一片废墟。 We had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground, leaving nothing but ruins.[读后续写之场景描写] ③我们正要出发去徒步旅行，这时突然乌云密布，下起了倾盆大雨。 We were about to set off for our hiking trip when/We were on the point of setting off for our hiking trip when dark clouds gathered and it started pouring down with rain. 　　教材原句中when用作并列连词， 意为“这时(突然)”。when还用于以下三种句型： be about to do...when... 正要做……这时(突然)……　 be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时(突然)…… had (just) done...when... (刚)做完……这时(突然)…… [佳句背诵] (译林必修二U4)A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一个小孩和一个男人正在海滩上散步，这时小孩突然发现了一个贝壳， 并把它放在了耳边。 with复合结构 [教材原句] With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.　感到心里发慌，我深吸了一口气。 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding(pound) and legs shaking(shake). ②(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)Finally, with just two minutes to spare(spare) we rolled into the bus station. ③(北师大选必四U12)Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”， with all the different countries linked(link) in the chain of common interests. ④(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面， 转过身来， 脸上挂着灿烂的笑容看着我。 Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face． [读后续写之动作描写] 　　with复合结构在句中作状语和定语， 其构成形式为： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词； (2)with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动或进行； (3)with＋宾语＋done，表示被动或完成； (4)with＋宾语＋to do，表示将来的动作。 [佳句背诵] (1)He rushed to the room，with his heart beating wildly and his face flushing. 他冲向房间，心怦怦直跳，满脸通红。 (2)With all the preparations made, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. 一切准备就绪，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。[读后续写之情感描写] 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 1．On the first day, I couldn't control my eagerness to get to know my new classmates, so I got up early and went to my school eagerly．(eager) 2．(人教选必四U4)Science is my most challenging(challenge) subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. 3．(2025·浙江卷1月)Compared to traditional(tradition) garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 4．(人教选必三U5)One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”， which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions(describe) that develop a particular theme. 5．It was a very frightening experience and upon mentioning it, they still feel frightened now. (frighten) 6．I have gone all out, but still can't figure it out, so hopefully you would be so kind as to give me some help. 7．As an exchange student(一名交换生), I've learned a lot about Chinese culture by exchanging ideas with you(和你交流想法), and in exchange(作为交换), I'm honored to help you improve your spoken English. 8．When the power went out in the middle of the storm, the little girl hid under the blanket in panic(恐慌地), clutching her favorite teddy bear and refusing to move. 9．让你自己平静下来， 没有必要为比赛的结果感到沮丧。 Calm yourself down; there is no need to feel upset about the result of the race. 10．我对我的英语口语有信心，我可以自信地用英语和交换生交流。因此，我有信心做你的助教。 I am confident of/about my spoken English and I can communicate with exchange students in English confidently/with confidence. So I have confidence in being/am confident to be your teaching assistant. 提能一　语境辨词专练 1．猜测句中加黑词的词性及含义 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.adj.高年级的 (2)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.n.交换 (3)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.n.比率 (4)(2025·浙江卷1月满分作文)Nowadays, it's a common sight to see students raising their smartphones to film something，whether on the way to the canteen, dormitory, or during after-school activities.n.景象；情景 2．选出view的词性及含义 A．n.景色，风景　　　　　B．n.视野 C．n.观点，见解，看法 D．vt.观看 E．vt.看待 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories，10 to 20 pages each，with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.B (2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A (3)She views every challenge as an opportunity to learn throughout her college life, always taking notes on what she gains from difficult tasks.E (4)The article presents a unique view on environmental protection focusing on balancing economic development and ecological preservation.C (5)Most tourists travel on cruise ships to view the ice caps and wildlife such as penguins.D 3．选出figure的词性及含义 A．n.身材，体形　 B．n.人物　C．n.数字 D．n.人影 E．vt.计算 F．vt.认为 (1)(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust.F (2)Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools.C (3)Historical figures like Mandela inspire generations to build a more inclusive and peaceful world.B (4)I saw a figure approaching in the darkness and I got into a panic, wondering who it could be and what its intentions might be.D (5)I wonder whether you have figured out how much the trip will cost.E (6)She's always had a good figure thanks to regular exercise and a balanced diet.A 提能二　应用文写作(校园生活) 假定你是希望中学的李华，你的加拿大朋友彼得(Peter)即将作为交换生来你校学习，他发邮件向你了解学校的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1.校园环境；2.校园生活。 Dear Peter， I hope this message finds you well. 1.Knowing you are curious about my school(得知你对我的学校感到好奇), I'd like to take a moment to describe it to you. 2．Our campus is an impressive spot(我们的校园是一个令人印象深刻的地方) where green grass, tall trees and modern buildings can be seen everywhere. You will find a warm atmosphere here perfect for both study and leisure. Besides, you can make full use of(用本单元所学词汇替换黑体词： 3.make the most of) dynamic classrooms, engaging lectures, various clubs, and sports activities to fit in and improve yourself. As there are so many things to explore(用with复合结构升级黑体部分：4.With so many things to explore), I am confident that 5.your exchange experience(你的交换经历) at our school will be rich and enjoyable. I am 6.looking forward to your coming(期待你的到来). Yours sincerely， Li Hua 提能三　场景微续写(高中数学第一课) ——有效强化教考衔接 词汇积累 [情感描写]　eagerness, butterflies in one's stomach, in panic, neat, frightened, inner [人物描写]　calm, curious, confident, intelligent [动作描写]　explore, go all out, struggle, breathe, look forward to, exchange 佳句积累 [动作描写]　I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school. [情感描写]　1.When my English teacher stepped into the classroom, I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier. 2．With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 3．I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! [修辞手法]　(比喻)I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn't start. [主旨升华]　So, give your friends a hand when they need it. And this will make you feel good, too. ——情感描写：恐惧、惊恐(一) 经典词汇 1.fear vt.& n．害怕； 畏惧 2．tremble/shake vi.发抖 3．scare vt.使恐惧； 使害怕→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的； 吓人的 4.terrify vt.使恐惧；恐吓→terrifying adj.令人害怕的；骇人听闻的→terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度惊恐的 靓点词块 1.be numb with fear吓呆 2．be seized with panic惊慌失措 3．make one's hair stand on end使某人毛骨悚然 4．go/turn white/pale (脸色)变得苍白 5．let out a scream of terror发出惊恐的尖叫 6.have one's heart in one's mouth提心吊胆 7．make one's blood freeze使人极度恐惧 8．heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear 因恐惧而心脏狂跳 出彩表达 1.A flood of terror welled up in him.(无生命名词作主语) 他心中涌起一阵恐惧。 2．She was struck with fear at the thought of the accident. 她一想到那起事故就感到害怕。 3．So frightened was he that he didn't dare to move an inch.(“so...that...”倒装句) 他如此害怕， 以至于不敢移动一步。 4．Heart racing violently with terror, she felt her legs turning to jelly.(独立主格结构；比喻) 心吓得狂跳不止， 她感到双腿发软。 5．He was overcome with terror as he realised he was lost in the wilderness.(as引导时间状语从句) 当意识到自己迷失在荒野中时， 他内心恐惧极了。 6．Scared and nervous, he let out a scream of terror, with tears streaming down his face uncontrollably.(形容词短语作状语； with复合结构) 他既害怕又紧张， 发出一声惊恐的尖叫， 眼泪无法控制地从脸上流下来。 ——积累内化应用提升 [场景呈现]　“我”怀着忐忑不安的心情，开始了“我”的高中第一节数学课。起初，“我”非常害怕被点名回答问题，以至低下了头。但幸运的是，老师友好的微笑缓解了“我”内心的恐惧。 第一步　完成句子 1．我怀着忐忑不安的心情，开始了高中第一节数学课，并坐在了教室的前排。 With butterflies in my stomach, I stepped into the first maths class in senior high and sat in the front row of the classroom. (with复合结构) 2．我正在想象数学课会是什么样子，这时，我的数学老师，一位白发苍苍的男人，大步走了进来。 I was imagining what the maths class would be like when my maths teacher, a white-haired man, strode in. (be doing...when) 3．他自我介绍之后，问了我们一些问题。我非常害怕被点名回答问题，以至低下了头。 After he introduced himself, he asked us some questions. I was so terrified of being called on to answer questions that I lowered my head．(so...that...) →After he introduced himself, he asked us some questions. So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head.(倒装句) 4．但事情并没有如我所愿。我既害怕又紧张，浑身发抖，如坐针毡。 But things didn't go as I had wished.Scared/Frightened and nervous, I shook all over, and I was on pins and needles. (形容词短语作状语) 5．我心惊胆战，挣扎着站了起来。幸运的是，老师友好的微笑缓解了我内心的恐惧。 My heart in my mouth, I struggled to stand up. Luckily, my teacher's nice smile eased my inner terror. (独立主格结构) 6．在下半节课中，我变得更加自信，能够保持冷静，并在心中发誓，我一定要全力以赴地学习。 During the second half of the class, I became more confident and was able to keep calm. I swore in my heart that I would go all out to study． →During the second half of the class, I became more confident and was able to keep calm, swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study．(现在分词短语作状语) 第二步　连句成文 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ One possible version： With butterflies in my stomach, I stepped into the first maths class in senior high and sat in the front row of the classroom. I was imagining what the maths class would be like when my maths teacher, a white-haired man, strode in. After he introduced himself, he asked us some questions. So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head.But things didn't go as I had wished. Scared/Frightened and nervous, I shook all over, and I was on pins and needles. My heart in my mouth, I struggled to stand up.Luckily, my teacher's nice smile eased my inner terror. During the second half of the class, I became more confident and was able to keep calm, swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study. [选自：选修教材　人教版·选修二(新教材)　UNIT 1 P2] While being positive does count for a lot①， you also have to make sure that you are caring. Needless to say②， true friends are empathetic. For example, how do you react when your friend does something in a strange way? Your reaction does matter③. Friends see things from their own perspective④， so put yourself in their shoes⑤ and see things from their perspective. However busy you are, you ought to take time out to show empathy towards their situation without being judgmental. And true friends are supportive in both good and bad times. You must always be there to give your friends the congratulation and assurance that they truly deserve and need. Be on your friends' side, cheering them up⑥ and cheering them on⑦. ①count for a lot很重要；有很大影响 ②needless to say不用说；不必说 ③matter (常用义) n. 问题；事态 (文章义) v. 有重大意义 ④perspective n. 角度；视角 ⑤put yourself in sb.'s shoes 设身处地；换位思考 ⑥cheer up(使)振奋或高兴 ⑦cheer on给(某人)加油或鼓励 1．(用同位语从句升级句式) Needless to say, true friends are empathetic. →There is no doubt that true friends are empathetic. 2．What qualities are essential for being a true friend according to the passage? The qualities of being positive, caring, empathetic and supportive are essential for being a true friend. 【识文知意】　虽然保持积极确实很重要，但你也必须确保自己充满关爱。毋庸置疑，真正的朋友是具有同情心的。例如，当你的朋友以一种奇怪的方式做事时，你会如何反应？你的反应确实很重要。朋友们都是从他们自己的角度看待事情的，所以要设身处地地为他们着想，从他们的视角看待问题。不管你有多忙，都应该抽出时间，对他们的处境表示同情，而不是妄加评判。真正的朋友在顺境和逆境中都会给予支持。你必须时刻陪伴在朋友身边，给予他们真正应得和需要的祝贺与安慰。站在朋友这一边，让他们振奋起来，为他们加油打气。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $