板块1 专题4 第4讲 数 词（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语语法串讲高分写作

该高中英语讲义聚焦数词核心考点，涵盖序数词构成（规则与不规则变化）、基数词用法（确切与笼统数目）、分数表达、年龄及年代表达等高考高频考查内容，按“规则梳理-特殊用法-固定搭配”逻辑构建知识体系。通过考点精析（如序数词前定冠词the的使用规则）、方法指导（分数“分子基数词+分母序数词复数”表达法）、真题讲解（2023全国甲卷、2022全国乙卷等典型例题）及分层练习（即时演练单句填空、综合语法填空），帮助学生系统突破数词应用难点，体现复习的针对性与系统性。 讲义以“真题引领-考点精析-分层训练”为特色，创新采用“对比归纳法”梳理序数词规则与不规则变化、基数词确切与笼统数目差异，培养学生思维品质。设置“即时演练-综合应用”梯度练习，如单句填空中“in one's sixties”（年龄表达）和“two fifths”（分数表达）的专项训练，提升学习能力。通过高频考点精讲与真题实战结合，助力学生在有限时间内高效掌握数词用法，提升语言能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰教学路径。

第四讲　数　词 1.(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the ____________(six) century B.C. sixth　解析：考查数词。表示“第几世纪”，应用“the＋序数词＋century”。 2.(2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save ____________ (billion) of euros each year? billions　解析：考查数词。billions of意为“数十亿的”，为固定用法。 1.序数词一般由基数词加-th构成。以-y结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y变为i，再加-eth。如：the twentieth/fiftieth。不规则的序数词有以下几个：first、 second、 third、 fifth、 eighth、 ninth、 twelfth。序数词前通常要加定冠词the，但当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一，再一”时，要用不定冠词。 2.年龄、年代的表达法：表示“在某人几十多岁时”，用“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数”；表示“在几十年代”，用“in the＋逢十的基数词的复数”。 3.基数词dozen、 score、 hundred、 thousand、 million等表示确切数目时不能加-s，其前可用数词或several、 some等修饰，此时其后通常不跟of(后有these、 those或代词宾格时可跟of)；表示“数以百万计”“数以千计”等笼统数目时，要加-s，其前不能用数词，其后可跟of。 4.基数词可与名词等构成合成形容词，用连字符“-”连接，作前置定语，其中的名词应用单数形式，如：a four-hour journey。 5.分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于一时，分母应用序数词的复数形式，如：two-sevenths七分之二。 【即时演练】——单句语法填空 1.Without a ____________ (two) thought, he agreed to join the club. second　解析：考查序数词。without a second thought意为“毫不犹豫，不假思索”，为固定搭配。 2.As we can learn from the newspaper, they are already in their ____________ (thirty) without a child. thirties　解析：考查基数词。“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，为固定搭配。 3.(2026·重庆巴蜀中学月考)In 2011 the reserve received its very ____________ (one) group of Rothschild's giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they'd multiply and repopulate the area. first　解析：考查序数词。 根据句意可知，此处表示“第一批罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿”，空处修饰名词group，应用序数词。 4.Then, when I was in the ____________(five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much. fifth　解析：考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的，所以“在几年级”需要用序数词。 5.A woman in her ____________ (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier. sixties　解析：考查数词。 in one's sixties意为“在某人六十多岁时”，为固定用法。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.The lady still keeps jogging even in her ____________ (ninety). nineties　解析：考查基数词。“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数”为固定搭配，表示“在某人几十多岁时”。 2.30% of the river ____________ (pollute) by the water from the factory already and many fish have disappeared. has been polluted　解析：考查数词、语态及主谓一致。根据already可知，时态为现在完成时；根据句意可知，30% of the river与pollute之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；百分数作主语，根据of后面的river为单数可知，谓语动词用单数，故助动词应用has。 3.She is a remarkable athlete, known for her outstanding speed and skill, making her ____________ (two) only to the world champion in her sport. second　解析：考查序数词。根据下文only to the world champion可知，此处是表示“第二名”，应用序数词。 4.We live on the ____________ (twelve) floor and can have a good view of Dianchi Lake. twelfth　解析：考查序数词。根据句意可知，此处表示“住在第十二层楼”，应用序数词作定语。 5.They found the lost man in the forest on the ____________ (twenty) day. twentieth　解析：考查序数词。根据句意可知，此处表示“在第二十天”，应用序数词作定语。 6.Two ____________ (five) of the students in our class are going to summer camp in Beijing next week. fifths　解析：考查分数的表达和主谓一致。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。因此，五分之二是two fifths。 7.In the ____________ (twenty)，he was very famous for his achievements in education. twenties　解析：考查基数词。“in the＋逢十的基数词的复数”为固定短语，意为“在几十年代”。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2026·四川射洪中学高三一模)The Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City, is situated in the center of Beijing. It covers 1.____________ area of 720, 000 square meters. There are more than 70 large and small palaces and more than 9，000 2.____________ (house). It is one of the 3.____________ (large) and most complete ancient wooden structures in the world. In 1406, Zhu Di, the 4.____________ (three) emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ordered the 5.____________ (construct) of a royal palace in Beijing. Fourteen years later, this palace was ready and started 6.____________ (it) service to the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. The last emperor of China, Pu Yi, moved out 7.____________ the palace in 1925.After the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, the new government had the Palace Museum 8.____________ (repair), but the major parts of the Palace Museum remained 9.____________ they were. It was listed as a world cultural heritage site in 1987 and becomes a national AAAAA tourist attraction now. The Palace Museum in Beijing 10.____________ (praise) as the first of the five major palaces in the world now. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫的历史发展和目前的情况。 1.an　解析：考查冠词。 cover an area of 意为“占地面积为……”， 为固定表达。 2.houses　解析：考查名词复数。 house是可数名词，被“more than 9，000”修饰，应用名词复数。 3.largest　解析：考查形容词最高级。 此处与most complete并列，共同修饰ancient wooden structures，此处有最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级。 4.third　解析：考查序数词。 根据句意和句中的定冠词the可知，此处应用序数词。 5.construction　解析：考查名词。 此处作谓语动词ordered的宾语，且被定冠词 the修饰，应用名词construction，为不可数名词。 6.its　解析：考查代词。 此处修饰名词service，表所属关系，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。 7.of　解析：考查介词。 move out of意为“搬出……”，为固定表达。 8.repaired　解析：考查非谓语动词。 此处为固定结构“have sth. done”，意为“让某事被做”，过去分词作宾语补足语。 9.what　解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“……的样子”，应用连接代词what引导。 10.is praised　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The Palace Museum与 praise之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是单数，be动词应用is。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $