摘要:
**基本信息**
以“语法讲解+分层精练”构建宾语从句系统训练,聚焦语序、引导词、时态三大核心,通过典例解析与梯度练习提升语言运用能力与思维精准性。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法讲解|2类引导词+时态呼应表|语序规则(陈述语序)、引导词区别(if/whether场景表)、时态呼应(主句-从句时态对应表)、易错点警示(if双重含义辨析)|从概念(基本用法)到规则(语序/引导词/时态),形成“理解-辨析”逻辑链|
|基础过关篇|3题型(填空/选择/转换)|引导词选用技巧、句型转换方法|巩固基础概念,强化陈述语序应用|
|能力提升篇|2题型(动词填空/完成句子)|时态呼应规则(客观真理例外)、固定搭配(be worth doing)|深化时态运用,提升语境表达能力|
|中考对接篇|3道典型中考题|中考高频考点(语序/时态/引导词)针对性突破|对接中考命题,强化综合运用与思维品质|
内容正文:
译林新版九年级上册 Unit 2 宾语从句培优训练
语法讲解+分层精练
· 语法讲解
核心语法:宾语从句(if/whether 引导 + 疑问词引导)
一、if /whether 引导的宾语从句
1. 基本用法 当从句来自一般疑问句时,用 if 或 whether 引导,意为「是否」,从句必须用陈述语序。
2. 语序规则(高频考点) 从句一律用「引导词 + 主语 + 谓语」的陈述语序,禁止倒装。
3. if 与 whether 的区别
场景
if
whether
一般情况(动词后)
√
√
与 or not 直接连用
×
√
介词之后
×
√
句首作主语
×
√
正式书面语
较少用
优先用
二、疑问词引导的宾语从句
1. 基本用法 当从句来自特殊疑问句时,保留原疑问词作引导词,从句用陈述语序。 常见引导词:
疑问代词:what, who, whom, whose, which
疑问副词:when, where, why, how
how 词组:how long, how soon, how often, how many/much
2. 特殊情况 当疑问词本身在从句中作主语时,语序不变(无需调整)。
例:I don't know who broke the window. Can you tell me what happened just now?
三、宾语从句时态呼应(核心难点)
主句时态
从句时态规则
例句
一般现在时
从句根据实际情况用任意时态
She says that she will leave tomorrow.
一般过去时
从句用相应的过去时态(一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成)
She said that she was free that night.
从句是客观真理、自然现象
永远用一般现在时,不受主句影响
The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
易错点警示
1. 语序错误是中考最高频丢分点:见到宾语从句先确认「引导词 + 主语 + 谓语」结构。
2. if 引导宾语从句(是否)和条件状语从句(如果)的区别:
宾语从句:if = whether,时态根据实际情况
条件状语从句:if = 如果,主句将来时,从句一般现在时(主将从现) 例:I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will call you.
· 培优精练
基础过关篇
一、选用 that, if/whether, what, who, how, where, when, why 填空
1. I wonder ______ you can help me with my English.
2. Do you know ______ he is waiting for?
3. Could you tell me ______ I can get to Nanjing Museum?
4. She doesn't know ______ they will leave for Beijing.
5. We all believe ______ honesty is very important.
6. I'm not sure ______ he will agree with us.
7. Could you tell me ______ you were late for school today?
8. I don't understand ______ you said just now.
二、单项选择
1. Do you know ______ I saw yesterday? It was my favourite star!
A. whom B. when C. where D. how
2. —Could you tell me ______ you'll go to Paris? —Next month.
A. why B. where C. when D. how
3. I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
4. The teacher told us that the sun ______ in the east.
A. rises B. rose C. raises D. raised
三、句型转换(合并为宾语从句)
1. Is he from England? I wonder.
I wonder ______ ______ ______ from England.
2. Where does he work? Do you know?
Do you know ______ ______ ______?
3. The earth goes around the sun. The teacher told us.
The teacher told us ______ the earth ______ around the sun.
能力提升篇
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He says that he ______ (be) a teacher in ten years.
2. I didn't know that he ______ (come) already.
3. She told me that she ______ (go) to the park yesterday.
4. The teacher said that light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
5. I want to know if he ______ (go) fishing with me tomorrow.
二、完成句子
1. 我想知道你是否能帮我解决这个问题。
I wonder ______ ______ ______ help me work out the problem.
2. 你能告诉我为什么昨天没有交作业吗?
Could you tell me ______ ______ ______ hand in your homework yesterday?
3. 他问我这部电影是否值得看。
He asked me ______ the film ______ ______ watching.
中考对接篇
1. —Could you tell me ______ the Beijing Zoo? —Yes. Go along this street and turn left.
A. how can I get to B. how I can get to C. where can I get to D. where I can get to
2. —I wonder ______ at 6:00 yesterday afternoon. —I was doing my homework.
A. what were you doing B. what you were doing C. what did you do D. what you did
3. Our geography teacher told us that the Yangtze River ______ the longest river in China.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
参考答案
基础过关篇
一、引导词填空
1. if/whether 解析:wonder 后接宾语从句,表 “是否”,if 与 whether 在此处通用。
2. who/whom 解析:wait for 后缺指人的宾语,正式用法用 whom,口语中可用 who 替代。
3. how 解析:询问出行方式,用 how 引导宾语从句。
4. when 解析:询问出发时间,用 when 引导宾语从句。
5. that 解析:陈述句作宾语从句,用 that 引导,本身无实际含义。
6. if/whether 解析:be not sure 后接从句表 “是否”,if 与 whether 均可。
7. why 解析:询问迟到的原因,用 why 引导宾语从句。
8. what 解析:said 后缺宾语,指代 “所说的内容”,用 what 引导。
二、单项选择
1. A 解析:saw 后缺指人的宾语,用 whom;其余选项均为疑问副词,不能作宾语。
2. C 解析:答句 Next month 对应时间,用 when 引导宾语从句。
3. D 解析:第一空 if 表 “是否”,引导宾语从句;第二空 if 表 “如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现规则。
4. A 解析:太阳东升是客观真理,永远用一般现在时;rise 表 “升起”(不及物动词),raise 表 “举起”(及物动词),故选 rises。
三、句型转换
1. if/whether he is 解析:一般疑问句转化为宾语从句,用 if/whether 引导,改为陈述语序。
2. where he works 解析:特殊疑问句转化为宾语从句,保留疑问词 where,改为陈述语序。
3. that; goes 解析:客观真理作宾语从句,用 that 引导,时态不受主句影响,仍用一般现在时。
能力提升篇
一、动词适当形式填空
1. will be 解析:主句为一般现在时,从句时间状语 in ten years 表将来,用一般将来时。
2. had come 解析:主句为一般过去时,从句动作发生在主句动作之前,且有 already 提示完成,用过去完成时。
3. went 解析:主句为一般过去时,从句时间状语 yesterday 表过去,用一般过去时。
4. travels 解析:光速快于声速是客观真理,永远用一般现在时。
5. will go 解析:此处 if 表 “是否” 引导宾语从句,tomorrow 表将来,用一般将来时。
二、完成句子
1. if/whether you can 解析:wonder 后接宾语从句表 “是否”,使用陈述语序。
2. why you didn't 解析:用 why 引导从句表原因,yesterday 提示一般过去时,保持陈述语序。
3. if/whether; was worth 解析:主句 asked 为一般过去时,从句时态呼应;be worth doing 为固定搭配,表 “值得做某事”。
中考对接篇
1. B 解析:宾语从句必须用陈述语序,排除 A、C;答句为指路内容,对应询问方式,用 how 引导。
2. B 解析:at 6:00 yesterday afternoon 是过去进行时的时间标志,宾语从句用陈述语序。
3. A 解析:长江是中国最长河流,属于客观事实,不受主句过去时态影响,用一般现在时 is。
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