必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（人教版）

**基本信息** 该综合训练以语篇为载体，整合四大题型，系统提炼各题型解题方法，融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质，构建“方法-知识-素养”三维逻辑体系。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（人文/社会主题）|细节题定位原文、推理题逻辑分析、态度题关键词提炼、主旨题段落归纳|通过不同观点对比（如宽恕与人性）、辩证思考（坚持与放弃），培养批判性思维与文化理解| |七选五|1篇（AI与写作）|上下文逻辑衔接、段落主旨句定位、承上启下过渡词分析|以AI代写现象为切入点，构建“问题-分析-解决”逻辑链，提升语篇组织能力| |完形填空|1篇（个人经历）|语境词义辨析、情感线索追踪、上下文呼应理解|通过父亲影响的叙事，串联词汇应用与情感体验，强化语言运用的真实性| |语法填空|1篇（广府文化）|词形转换（名/副/动）、非谓语动词、时态语态、定语从句|以早茶文化为载体，将语法规则融入文化场景，实现语言知识与文化意识的统一|

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·辽宁六校联考)Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer the question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the themes of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love on the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to have power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decrease of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent that the people from whom you are estranged (疏远) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments, forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。 1．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness? A．Aggressive people should learn to forgive others. B．People should offer mercy to anyone else. C．People forgiving others have their welfare affected. D．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Droll (1984)...take advantage of them”可知，德罗尔认为宽恕他人的人会影响自身幸福。 2．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate? A.To fight is to grow. B．To give is to receive. C．To forgive is to love. D．To dominate is to harm. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，以奴隶制为例，说明了支配会造成不良后果。 3．What is the author's attitude toward forgiveness? A.Reserved. B．Favorable. C．Skeptical. D．Objective. B　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“forgiveness plays a key role...the restoration of harmony”可知，作者赞同原谅。 4．What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Actuality is based on potentiality. B．Forgiveness is in our nature. C．Forgiveness grows with time. D．It takes practice to forgive. D　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“We are not necessarily born with...develops with practice.”可知，需要通过实践来培养和发展原谅的能力。 B (2026·太原模拟)Many people encourage competition and focus on success. “Giving up” is frowned upon. We are overjoyed at stories of people who persevered and succeeded. Friends and colleagues always encourage you to keep trying. “If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.” “Follow your dream! Winners never quit！” Perseverance is indeed important, to a limit. However, never take it too far. For one thing, goals and dreams might be beyond reach. Stories of achieving childhood dreams through perseverance might be uplifting, but they suffer from “selection bias”. Put simply, they are not informative, because nobody tells stories about the many people who persevered but failed after wasting a good part of their lives. It is indeed frustrating if you follow an unrealistic dream. For another, every road taken means another road is not taken. An unrealistic goal means missing out on other opportunities. What if everybody with the childhood dream of becoming an astronaut persistently kept trying forever? Winners always wisely choose what to quit and what to pursue. Recent studies have shown that being able to give up some goals and dreams and redirect your energy toward more reasonable ones is important for mental well-being and leads to higher quality of life in the long term. The psychological term is “goal disengagement”. If you are currently devoting too much time and effort to an unattainable goal, here are some hints that might help. First, do not tie a goal to your identity. Nobody can be defined by a single goal or interest. Besides, disengage from a goal but keep some of the effort. It's called “turning it into a hobby”. Few stamp and coin collectors desire to become professionals, yet many enjoy collecting. Last and most importantly, do not think of giving up as a failure, but as a choice. Your time is limited. Try new activities, rediscover previous interests, and revise your ambitions. Be honest with yourself about your chances, and choose the goals that best suit you. And remember that, when you give up a goal, you do not fail. You make a choice to free up your time for other possibilities. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐明坚持不懈固然重要，但不能过度，因为有些目标可能遥不可及，坚持不切实际的目标意味着错过其他机会。 5．What result may “selection bias” bring to people? A.Setting self-limitation. B．Giving up more easily. C．Misjudging the situation. D．Ignoring successful stories. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Stories of achieving childhood dreams...if you follow an unrealistic dream.”可推知，“选择偏倚”会让人们只看到成功的故事，从而错误判断形势，认为只要坚持就能成功。 6．How can people benefit from “goal disengagement”？ A．By motivating their desire for success. B．By gaining a sense of self-satisfaction. C．By telling easy goals from difficult goals. D．By saving energy to focus on practical goals. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Recent studies have shown that...psychological term is ‘goal disengagement’．”可知，人们通过节省精力专注实际目标从“目标脱离” 中受益。 7．Which of the following may the author agree with? A.Accepting failure with ease does make sense. B.One can make a hobby out of an unattainable goal. C.Turn to professionals when realizing personal goals. D.Choosing a goal is more challenging than realizing it. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Besides, disengage from a goal but keep some of the effort. It's called ‘turning it into a hobby’．”可知，一个人可以把不可能实现的目标变成爱好。 8．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Identity Crisis: Be True to Yourself B．Goals or Hobbies: Make Your Choice C．Never Say Never：The Key to Success D．Winners Do Quit: Be Wise About Your Goals D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章阐明了明智地对待目标， 懂得放弃不切实际的目标的重要性，D项最适合作本文标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·广东六校联盟高三联考)Earlier this month，an AI technology company revealed a new version in training mode that is “good at creative writing”. Though its release date is unclear，as a longtime freshman composition instructor，I'm already aware of the problem of AI-assisted cheating in writing classes.1.________ After all，students have been involuntarily exposed to an overwhelming amount of promotion around AI，and have seen news that makes false claims about how powerful AI tools are. But a creative writing student using AI？In a memoir (回忆录) writing class？What are you saying about your life if even you can't be bothered to think about it? Having written two memoirs，I know the challenges and pleasures of this work，and I want my students to experience those challenges，too.2.________ Rather，it is about defining who you are，in part by revisiting particularly unpleasant experiences.This process makes the author more fully alive. 3．________Using a machine that gathers information online and creates a fake version of you is not just cheating；it degrades our memories and humanity.Yet it's not the students who concern me most，but a culture that undervalues writing and reading so much that some students think skipping them is a reasonable choice. The only thing under my control as a teacher is what I do in my classroom.4.________Whether they write best-sellers or just scribble(潦草地写) in journals，doing the work with their full selves is what truly matters. Writing can be a way to preserve ourselves and even a form of resistance.5.________ A．I'll teach students to write honestly. B．I can even sympathize, to an extent. C．This may feel like a battle already lost. D．Arranging for AI to write your life story is frustrating. E．The act of writing a memoir is not just about saying “Look at me”． F．That fighting spirit is our greatest strength and exists only within us. G．It is upsetting to see AI creating fake stories，but maybe it's just new storytelling. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以新的AI创意写作模型为切入点，强调亲自创作的意义，批判AI代写，引导诚信写作。 1．B　解析：空前指出作者作为写作课教师，已意识到AI辅助写作作弊的问题；空后则解释学生作弊的客观原因。因此，空处需承接“发现作弊问题”的内容，同时为下文“理解学生作弊诱因”作铺垫。B项承上启下，符合语境。 2．E　解析：空前表明作者希望学生体验回忆录写作的挑战与乐趣；空后以“Rather”转折，强调回忆录写作的核心是通过回顾不愉快经历定义自我，这能让学生更真切地感受生命。因此，空处需先否定回忆录写作的表层意义，再引出下文对写回忆录的深层价值的探讨。E项承上启下，符合语境。 3．D　解析：空处为段落主旨句。空后指出用机器生成虚假自我版本不仅是作弊，还会使记忆与人性退化，导致学生低估读写的价值。因此，空处应点明“AI代写人生故事是有害的”这一观点。D项符合语境。 4．A　解析：空前一句表明作者作为教师，唯一能掌控的是自己在课堂上的行动；空后强调学生全身心投入创作才是关键。因此，空处需明确教师在课堂上采取的具体措施，且该举措需与引导学生全身心创作一致。A项符合语境。 5．F　解析：空前一句总结写作的意义是留存自我的方式，甚至是一种反抗形式。因此，空处需承接写作的反抗意义，进一步升华其价值。F项符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2026·陕西高考适应性检测)Yesterday, I was given a written assignment with the theme of “The One I Admire” by our English teacher Mr. Brown. As I sat down to put __1__ to paper, many ideas rushed through my mind. There were so many events and __2__that shaped the person I was today. Which one should I choose? After much __3__， I decided to write about my dad who __4__ last year. I thought and thought about two __5__ of life that he had followed all his life. Thinking about him in this way made me realize how much he __6__ my life. My dad was born into a poor family.__7__ his awareness of the problems caused by a stomach disorder, the disease __8__ took its toll on him. It was very difficult for me to see my father lost in a world of turmoil (混乱).He __9__ every aspect of my life from young child to teenager. So many times I sat at his side as he __10__ for his life in the hospital. He was __11__ a fighter, but he could only fight for so long. When he died, my life changed so much. How could a __12__ be taken from his family? From the day he died until now I'd been trying to but I couldn't find anyone else or anything else to rely on. I felt I needed to forget the __13__ he left to me. I wanted to __14__ the loss his death caused to me by believing he had been perfect. Sitting down and writing my thoughts made me realize I didn't necessarily __15__ him. I just needed to love him. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者将去世的父亲看作“钦佩的人”并认为父亲改变了他的人生轨迹，在他的成长中起着重要的作用。 1．A.pen B．attention C．answer D．dream A　解析：根据上文“I was given a written assignment...teacher Mr. Brown”可知，作者开始动笔(pen)写作。put pen to paper是固定短语，意为“动笔写”。 2．A.scenes B．stories C．individuals D．spots C　解析：根据上文“The One I Admire”和下文“I decided to write about my dad”可知，有太多的事件和个人(individual)塑造了今天的作者。 3．A.declaration B．thought C．discussion D．construction B　解析：根据上文“Which one should I choose？”和“After much”可知，经过深思熟虑(thought)，作者决定写他的父亲。 4．A.lay off B．moved away C．stepped aside D．passed away D　解析：根据下文“When he died”可知，作者的父亲去年去世(pass away)了。 5．A.theories B．laws C．aims D．instructions B　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者反复思考着父亲一生遵循的两条人生准则(law)。laws of life意为“人生准则”。 6．A.stopped B．ruined C．improved D．changed D　解析：根据上文“that shaped the person I was today”和下文“my life changed so much”可知，作者意识到父亲极大地改变(change)了他的生活。 7．A.Despite B．Besides C．Without D．Beyond A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，父亲出生在一个贫穷的家庭，虽然(despite)他意识到了胃病带来的问题，但是这种病最终(eventually)还是对他的健康产生了不良影响。 8．A.seriously B．directly C．eventually D．completely C　解析：参见上题解析。 9．A.lit B．affected C．woke D．denied B　解析：根据下文“When he died, my life changed so much.”可知，从孩童到青少年，父亲影响(affect)了作者生活的方方面面。 10．A.paid B．left C．fought D．sought C　解析：根据上文“the disease ______ took its toll on him”和下文“he could only fight for so long”可知，父亲生病了，很多次他在医院里与死神搏斗(fight)时，作者就坐在他身边。 11．A.definitely B．secretly C．publicly D．partly A　解析：根据语境可知，作者认为父亲绝对(definitely)是一个战士，但他只能坚持这么久。 12．A.fighter B．kid C．pet D．father D　解析：根据上文“When he died, my life changed so much.”和下文“From the day he died...to rely on.”可知，作者对父亲的去世感到难以接受和极度悲伤，认为一个家庭不能没有父亲(father)。 13．A.pressure B．fortune C．joy D．pain D　解析：根据上文“From the day he died...to rely on.”可知，作者认为他需要忘掉父亲的去世给他留下的痛苦(pain)。 14．A.repair B．ease C．bear D．hide B　解析：根据下文“the loss his death caused to me by believing he had been perfect”可知，作者想通过相信父亲是完美的来减轻(ease)父亲的离开给他带来的失落。 15．A.complain B．memorize C．admire D．forget C　解析：根据下文“I just needed to love him.”可知，作者意识到他不需要钦佩(admire)父亲，他只需要爱父亲即可。 Ⅳ.语法填空 (2026·合肥高三质检)A standout tradition in Guangzhou is Yum Cha, 1.____________ (literal) meaning “drinking tea”. Yum Cha is more than just a drink—it's a kind of social activity and a distinct characteristic of Lingnan culture, 2.____________(offer) in family gatherings, business meetings, or casual chats among friends. Early-rising 3.____________(local), especially seniors, usually greet each other with “Have you drunk tea？” to start the day. A native saying, “The only thing 4.____________ can interrupt a Yum Cha gathering is a typhoon，” jokingly but vividly 5.____________(show) the strong commitment of Guangzhou people to their daily tea tradition. In teahouses or restaurants, people come together 6.____________(explore) a wide variety of traditional bite-sized foods, enjoying the social atmosphere and rich cultural heritage that accompany the meal, which adds 7.____________ touch of depth and enjoyment to the tea gathering. Over the last ten years, the tradition of Yum Cha 8.____________(accept) by many young people as a way to reconnect with their roots. Moreover, they are innovating on the classic Yum Cha by experimenting 9.____________ low-sugar, low-oil, and high-fiber dim sum (点心), using recyclable and eco-friendly tea ware. This 10.____________(combine) of tradition and innovation helps ensure that Yum Cha culture remains relevant in today's fast-paced world. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广州早茶文化，其既是社交活动又体现了岭南文化。 1．literally　解析：考查副词。空处应用副词修饰非谓语动词 meaning。 2．offered　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。offer 和主语 Yum Cha 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语。 3．locals　解析：考查名词复数。local 是可数名词，此处应用复数泛指当地人，和下文的 seniors 对应。 4．that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词 thing 被 the only 修饰，只能用 that 引导。 5．shows　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语动词。 此处是客观介绍，应用一般现在时；主语 A native saying 是单数，空处应用 shows。 6．to explore　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语作目的状语，应用动词不定式。 7．a　解析：考查冠词。a touch of 意为 “一点儿，少许”，为固定搭配。 8．has been accepted　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last ten years可知，应用现在完成时；动词accept和主语the tradition of Yum Cha之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是单数，助动词应用has。 9．with　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示 “用……做实验”，应用介词 with。 10．combination　解析：考查名词。根据空前This和空后of可知，空处应用名词combination作主语。 A篇 [障碍词]essence n．本质，精髓　distinctly adv.明显地，截然不同地　dominance n．优势，支配地位　aggressive adj.好斗的，有攻击性的　mutual adj.相互的，彼此的　fall apart破裂，瓦解　integrity n．完好， 完整　hatred n．憎恨，仇恨，厌恶　potentiality n．潜在的可能性　actuality n．真实，实际；现实情况 B篇 [高频词]persevere v. 坚持，孜孜以求　put simply 简单来说　informative adj. 提供有用信息的，给予知识的　unrealistic adj. 不现实的，不切实际的　in the long term 长期来看　define v. 给……下定义，解释　revise v. 改变，修正；复习　[障碍词]frown on/upon 不赞成， 反对　uplifting adj. 令人振奋的　bias n. 偏见，成见　miss out on sth. 错失获利(或取乐等)的机会　hint n．窍门；提示 七选 五 [高频词]reveal v．透露；展示　composition n．作文；写作　fake adj.假的　reasonable adj.有理由的　sympathize v．理解，体谅；同情　frustrating adj.令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的　[障碍词]degrade v．(使)退化；降低　undervalue v．轻视，低估 完形 填空 [障碍词]assignment n．工作，任务　disorder n．疾病；杂乱；混乱　take one's toll on对……造成损害；给……带来不良影响　[熟词生义]shape (常用义) n．形状　(文章义) v．塑造 语法 填空 [高频词]distinct adj.清晰的，明显的　characteristic n．特征，特点，品质　commitment n．奉献，投入；承诺，保证　[障碍词]standout adj.突出的，出类拔萃的　bite-sized adj.一口能吃下的，小块的　innovate v．创新，改革　eco-friendly adj.环保的 长难句分析 [语法填空]In teahouses or restaurants, people come together to explore a wide variety of traditional bite-sized foods, enjoying the social atmosphere and rich cultural heritage that accompany the meal, which adds a touch of depth and enjoyment to the tea gathering. [分析]　本句为复合句。“to explore...foods”为动词不定式短语作目的状语；“enjoying...the meal”为现在分词短语作状语，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the social atmosphere and rich cultural heritage; which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。 [译文]　在茶馆或餐馆里，人们相聚一堂，品尝各种传统小吃，享受用餐时的社交氛围与丰富的文化遗产，这为饮茶聚会增添了一份深度与趣味。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $