必修第二册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 课时精讲（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心考点，整合词汇（基础、培优、拔高）、词缀、短语、语法（if省略、with复合结构）及写作（应用文、读后续写）模块，按“基础积累-语法突破-综合应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（如词缀归纳）、方法指导（词汇句型转换）、真题训练（2024-2025年题融入），帮助学生系统突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料特色在于分层教学与核心素养融合，如提能一语境辨词专练提升语言能力，提能三场景微续写结合环境描写词汇与with复合结构培养思维品质。通过“词汇-语法-写作”递进训练及真题实战，确保学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

1.mansion n.公馆；宅第 2.cemetery n.墓地；公墓 3.philosophy n.哲学 4.military adj.军事的；军用的 5.conquer vt.占领；征服；控制 6.roar vi.& n.吼叫；咆哮 7.scent n.气味；气息 8.stew n.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi.炖；煨 9.sensory adj.感觉的；感官的 10.transition n.过渡；转变；变迁 1.individual adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人 2.chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n.首领；酋长 3.nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近 4.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 5.defence n.防御；保卫 6.surround vt.围绕；包围 7.evidence n.证据；证明 8.battle n.战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗 9.port n.港口(城市) 10.charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电 11.amount n.金额；数量 12.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊 13.approach n.方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 14.ensure vt.保证；确保；担保 15.landscape n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 16.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 17.position n.位置；姿态；职位 vt.安装；安置 18.snack n.点心；小吃 19.county n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 20.feast n.盛宴；宴会；节日 21.roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n.卷(轴)；翻滚 22.ocean n.大海；海洋 23.pub n.酒吧；酒馆 24.wine n.葡萄酒；果酒 25.custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯 26.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤 　 1.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的→puzzlement n.迷惑，困惑 2.legal adj.法律的；合法的→legally adv.法律上地→(反义词)illegal adj.不合法的 3.locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→located adj.坐落于；位于→location n.地方；地点；位置 4.fascinate v.使……入迷，迷住→fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinated adj.着迷的 5.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n.宣布；通知→announcer n.广播员；解说员 6.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.热切；渴望 7.poet n.诗人→poem n.诗歌→poetry n.诗歌(总称) 8.greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n.问候；致意 9.strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n.罢工→striking adj.引人注目的；显著的 10.achieve vt.达到；完成；实现→achievement n.成就；成绩；达到 1.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来 2.break away (from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱 3.refer to谈到；查阅；指的是 4.belong to属于 5.as well as同(一样也)；和；还 6.take over接收；接管 7.keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意 8.have a great influence on...对……有极大影响 1.The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean.(what引导宾语从句)　联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。 2.So what is the difference between them, if any？(if条件状语从句的省略) 如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？ 3.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。 4.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with复合结构) “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 [基础词汇] 1.historical adj.历史的 2.ancient adj.古代的 3.civilization n.文明 4.dynasty n.朝代 5.inherit v.继承 6.bygone adj.过去的 7.historical sites历史遗址 [培优词汇] 1.enforce v.强迫执行 2.contract n.合同 3.violate v.违反；违背 4.property n.财产 5.commerce n.贸易；商业 6.bankrupt n.破产 7.inflation n.通货膨胀 [拔高词汇] 1.grave n.坟墓；逝世 2.ceremonial adj.仪式的 3.antiquity n.古董 4.antiquated adj.过时的，陈旧的 5.chronological adj.按时间顺序的 6.chronicle n.编年史 7.time-honored adj.历史悠久的 [话题语块] 1.follow a custom遵循习俗 2.customs and traditions风俗和传统 3.bring good fortune带来好运 4.have a long history有悠久的历史 5.a typical Chinese custom中国典型的习俗 6.experience diverse cultures体验多元文化 7.the second largest country第二大国 8.lie in the east of Asia位于亚洲东部 [话题句型] 1.Beijing is a city where the old cultural traditions and the modern civilization are well combined. 北京是一个古老的文化传统和现代文明完美结合的城市。 2.In ancient times, China went through about 20 dynasties, such as Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty and so on. 在古代，中国经历了诸如夏、商等约20个朝代。 名词词缀-ment：动词/形容词＋-ment→名词。(1) 表示 “动作本身”(即动词所指的行为或过程)；(2)表示 “动作的结果或产物”(即动作完成后形成的事物、状态或成果)；(3)表示 “动作所处的状态或情况”(即动作持续时的状态或由动作引发的状态)。 [写出句中加黑词的词性及含义] 1.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.n.任务，作业 2.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”n.替代，替换 3.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Fortunately, I didn't miss the whole arrangements for the conference.n.安排 4.(2024·北京卷)My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy？”n.兴奋 puzzle　n.谜；智力游戏；疑问　vt.迷惑；使困惑 [语段填空/一句多译] ①The complex math problem was__a__puzzle__to__him(对他来说是个谜). He was__deeply__puzzled__about__how__to__solve__it(对如何解决它深感困惑). The way the numbers were arranged seemed so puzzling (puzzle). After spending hours trying to figure it out, he remained puzzled(puzzle). ②学生们对新的数学问题感到困惑，这个问题似乎没有解决方案。 →The students were__in__a__puzzle__about__the__new__math__problem,__which seemed to have no solution.(puzzle n.) →What__puzzled__the__students__was__the__new__math__problem,__which seemed to have no solution.(puzzle vt.) (1)be in a puzzle about...　 对……感到困惑 a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 (2)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 (3)puzzled adj.　　　　　　 迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about/over... 对……感到困惑 (4)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 [佳句背诵] If you puzzle about the meaning of the poem, you might find it helpful to read it aloud several times. 如果你对这首诗的含义感到困惑，多次大声朗读它可能很有帮助。应用文写作之建议信 [名师点津] -ed结尾的形容词可以用来描述人的心理活动，也可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look、voice、smile、expression、face等。 belong　vi.应在(某处)；适应 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①After the flood, the family returned to their home to find that many of their belongings (belong) had been damaged or lost. ②这幅画属于一位私人收藏家，它被借给了这家博物馆，并吸引了大量游客。 →The painting, which__belongs__to__a__private__collector,__was on loan to the museum and attracted a large number of visitors. (定语从句) →The painting, belonging__to__a__private__collector,__was on loan to the museum and attracted a large number of visitors. (现在分词短语作定语) (1)belong to　　　　　 属于；归属；成为……的一员 (2)a sense of belonging 一种归属感 (3)belongings n. 所有物；财产 [佳句背诵] (译林选必一U1)The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. 对于离开自己的祖国的人来说，幸福感和归属感变得尤为重要。 surround　vt.围绕；包围 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①(北师大必修三U7)He painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded(surround) by the darkness of night. ②(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding(surround) environment. ③Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings(surround)？应用文写作之求助信 ④池塘四周都是高大的树木，倒映在清澈的水面上，景色很迷人。 →The pond is__surrounded__by/with__tall__trees which are reflected on the clear water. The scenery is really appealing. →The__pond__surrounded__by/with__tall__trees__which__are__reflected__on__the__clear__water,__the scenery is really appealing.(独立主格结构) 读后续写之环境描写 (1)surround...with... 用……包围/围绕…… be surrounded by/with... 被……包围 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物 [佳句背诵] Surrounded by/with green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school, providing a peaceful and picturesque environment for both work and relaxation. 绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下，为工作和休闲提供了一个宁静且风景如画的环境。应用文写作之地点介绍 [名师点津] (1)surroundings表示周围的具体物质环境； (2)environment是集体名词，常用单数形式，表示对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。 charge　n.收费；指控；主管　v.收费；控告；充电；猛冲；猛攻 [单句语法填空/补全句子/微写作] ①(2025·浙江卷1月)Ribeiro charges 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. ②The man dressed in red was charged with disturbing public order in the downtown area. ③(北师大必修三U7)The theatre's musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took__charge__of(负责) the orchestra. ④(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in__charge__of(负责) the exhibition. ⑤这只凶猛的饿狼张着血盆大口，突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一口把我吃掉。 Opening its bloody mouth, the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly, charged__at__me and was about to eat me up in one gulp.读后续写之动作描写 (1)in charge　　　　　 　 主管；看管 in charge of 掌握；负责 in the charge of... 在……掌管之下 take charge of 掌管；负责；控制 free of charge 免费 (2)charge sb. for... 因……向某人收费 charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事 charge at sb. 冲向某人 [佳句背诵] Learning that the shop owner charged me nothing for the present, I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me. 得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，一股温暖和感激之情涌上我的心头。读后续写之情绪描写 amount　n.金额；数量　v.总计，共计；相当于，等于 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)When a person is reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms(confirm) this finding. ②(北师大选必二U6)Huge amounts of money are__spent(spend) on applying modern design techniques to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible. ③今日的失败或许会成为未来塑造你韧性与智慧的宝贵一课。 What appears to be a failure now may later amount__to__a__valuable__lesson that shapes your resilience and wisdom. (1)a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) (2)amount to　　 共计，总计；等于，相当于 [佳句背诵] (译林选必三U4)Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming, a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected, which harms its fragile natural ecology. 由于全球变暖导致海水温度升高，大量珊瑚被杀死，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，这破坏了其脆弱的自然生态。应用文写作之环境保护 [名师点津] 只修饰不可数名词的表达还有a great deal of、much、(a) little等。 approach　n.方法；途径；接近　vt.接近；接洽；着手处理　vi.靠近 [语段填空/句型转换] ①Disappointed and tired, he was eager to find an approach to getting(get) down to the camp. Approaching(approach) the valley, he found a way to the village at the foot of the mountain. ②With the approach of Teachers' Day, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. →With__Teachers'__Day__approaching/Teachers'__Day__approaching,__our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.应用文写作之活动介绍 (1)be approaching＝be around the corner 　　　　　　　　　 即将来临 (2)an/the approach to (doing)... (做)……的方法/途径；通往……的道路 at the approach of... 在快到……的时候 with the approach of... 随着……的来临/临近 [佳句背诵] Jane got to her feet shakily, approached her brother and threw herself into his arms, sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulders. 简颤抖着站起来，向哥哥走去，扑进他的怀里，靠在他的肩膀上哭个不停。读后续写之动作描写 eager　adj.热切的；渴望的 [单句语法填空/词汇升级] ①(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to__try(try) something new. ②The researcher worked late into the night eagerly, hoping to make a significant breakthrough in her field of study. →The researcher worked late into the night with__eagerness,__hoping to make a significant breakthrough in her field of study. (1)be eager to do sth.　　 渴望做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 (2)eagerness n. 热切；渴望 with eagerness 热切地；急切地 hide one's eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望 (3)eagerly adv. 热切地；急切地 [佳句背诵] She was eager for the opportunity to study abroad, as it would allow her to experience a new culture and language. 　她渴望得到出国学习的机会，因为这可以让她体验新的文化和语言。 break away (from sb./sth.)　脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①The discussion about the class travel plan broke down because the students couldn't agree on the destination. ②(译林选必二U1)A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. ③她太感动了，突然热泪盈眶，一把抱住我，哽咽着说：“这是我收到过的最有意义的礼物！” She was so moved that she broke__into__tears and hugged me in her arms, sobbing, “This is the most meaningful gift that I have ever received！”读后续写之情绪描写＋动作描写 break into　　　　 　 闯入；突然……起来 break into a smile 突然笑起来 break in 打断，插嘴；强行进入 break out 爆发；突然发生 break through 突破，克服障碍 break down　　　　 崩溃；(身体)垮掉；(机器) 出故障；失败；(使)分解 break off 折断；中断；突然中止 break up 粉碎；结束；解散 [佳句背诵] If we want to make great progress in English, we must break away from the old way of memorizing words without understanding their meanings.　如果我们想在英语学习上取得显著进步，就必须摆脱死记单词却不理解词义的旧方法。应用文写作之演讲稿 as well as　同(一样也)；和；还 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①(外研必修一U6)As well as being(be) good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul. ②John, as well as his colleagues, is (be) responsible for the project's success, as they all contribute valuable insights and hard work. ③如果你将在机场等待几个小时，不妨读一读你一直想读的那本书。 If you're going to be waiting for hours at the airport, you__may__as__well__read__the__book you've been looking forward to. (1)as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致； (2)as well意为“也、又、还”，常置于句末，作为副词短语使用； (3)may/might as well do sth.意为“倒不如做某事”。 [佳句背诵] (2023·天津卷)And unlike what we suppose, storytelling is not just a form of entertainment, but a form of learning as well. 与我们想象的不同，讲故事不仅仅是一种娱乐方式，也是一种学习方式。 if条件状语从句的省略 [教材原句] So what is the difference between them, if any？　如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？ [补全句子/句型转换] ①(译林选必三U4)Have you ever been fascinated by human civilization？If__so(如果这样的话), you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind. ②(外研选必三U4)If we're lucky, AI might think we're valuable enough to keep around. If__not(如果不幸运的话), it might wipe us all out! ③(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if it is necessary. →Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if__necessary.(省略句) if ever　　　　　　 如果有过/发生过的话 if so 如果这样的话 if not 如果不这样的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果有可能的话 [佳句背诵] (外研选必四U5)Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored. 如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有差不多500年，我们的星球上尚未被人类探索的土地——如果有的话——已经少之又少了。 with复合结构 [教材原句] The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 [单句语法填空/微写作] ①(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding(pound) and legs shaking(shake). ②(北师大选必四U12)Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”， with all the different countries linked(link) in the chain of common interests. ③(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面，转过身来，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容看着我。 Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with__a__big__smile__on__his__face. 读后续写之动作描写 with复合结构在句中作状语和定语， 其构成形式为： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词； (2)with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动或进行； (3)with＋宾语＋done，表示被动或完成； (4)with＋宾语＋to do，表示将来的动作。 [佳句背诵] (1)We walked through the campus with the air fresh and sweet after the rain, enjoying the beautiful scenery around us. 雨后的空气清新宜人，我们漫步校园，尽情欣赏着周围的美景。 (2)With all the preparations made, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.　一切准备就绪，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。读后续写之情感描写 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 1.(译林必修三U1)In defence(defend) of the factories, however, I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. 2.(译林必修一U4)If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality, your value to others, your achievements(achieve)—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are. 3.(译林选必一U4)Ezra Pound was__fascinated(fascinate) by Li Bai's poems and translated some of them in his 1915 poetry collection entitled Cathay. 4.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)I told him that thanks to his generosity(generous) and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. 5.The author avoids referring to her personal life in interviews, preferring to focus on her writing process instead. 6.The tour guide kept reminding us to keep__our__eyes__open__for(留意) rare birds in the forest, but we only spotted a few common ones. 7.Climate change is going to have__a__great__influence__on___(对……有极大影响) global agriculture if effective measures are not taken. 8.挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来。我的心扑通扑通地好像要跳出来了。 The hall crowded__with__audience made me even more uneasy. My heart was pounding hard, as if it were about to jump out. 提能一　语境辨词专练 1.猜测句中加黑词的词性及含义 (1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.v.接触；处理 (2)The wind picked up and thunder rolled.v.隆隆作响 (3)Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.v.竞争 2.选出charge的词性及含义 A.n.掌管　　　B.v.控告　　　C.n.收费 D.v.充电 E.v.收费 (1)(2023·全国甲卷)So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out. C (2)Do you think museums should charge for admission？E (3)(北师大选必一U1)On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. D (4)After the manager retired, the company put her in charge of the sales department, trusting her rich experience. A (5)The young man was charged with theft after he was found to have stolen property from someone else. B 3.选出crowd的词性及含义 (1)(译林必修二U3)To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself, I went to a street party. Luckily, I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. C (2)(译林必修三U2)Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas，along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in the glassy water of the port.A (3)Hundreds of people crowded into the hot pot restaurant, sitting at tables with a large pot in the middle. B 提能二　应用文写作(中国交通发展) (2024·全国甲卷)英语课要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给图片，以Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿。 Development of Transport in China From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has seen an enormous development, 1.with__various__accessible__ways__now__provided__for__people__to__travel__(如今为人们的出行提供了各式各样便捷的途径；with复合结构). Firstly, shared bicycles, when first emerging several years ago, 2.have__broken__away__from(摆脱了) the limitations of traditional private bikes, offering an affordable and(用本单元所学词汇替换黑体词汇：3.as__well__as) environment-friendly option for short trips. Secondly, in contrast to the traditional ones, high-speed trains have dramatically shortened travel times, paving the way for faster and more comfortable travel. Lastly, China takes the initiative to promote new energy vehicles 4.due__to__the__eager__need__for__environmental__sustainability(由于环境可持续性的迫切需要). These developments illustrate 5.what__China__is__pursuing(中国正在追求什么；what引导宾语从句)—a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility. In short, China's transport system is embracing innovation and eco-friendliness. 提能三　场景微续写(风景迷人的海上小岛) ——有效强化教考衔接 词汇积累 [环境描写]　 ocean, surround, pub, fascinating, landscape, position, courtyard, cemetery, nearby [情感描写]　eager, puzzle, generous, striking [动作描写]　join...to..., break away (from sb./sth.), belong to, battle, keep your eyes open (for), approach, greet, crowd, charge, announce, ensure, roar 佳句积累 [修辞手法]　(比喻)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. [动作描写]　On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. [环境描写]　And down by the sea，the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. ——自然环境细节描写(二) 经典词汇 1.biodiversity n.生物多样性 2.climate n.气候 3.reforestation n.重新造林 4.erosion n.侵蚀 5.recycle v.回收 6.watershed n.分水岭 7.thunder n.雷声 v.打雷 8.spring n.春天；泉水 9.horizon n.地平线 10.dew n.露水；露 11.colourful adj.五彩斑斓的 12.freezing adj.极冷的 13.snow-covered adj.积雪覆盖的 14.frozen adj.结冰的 15.golden adj.金黄色的 靓点词块 1.picturesque landscapes如画的风景 2.scenic routes风景如画的路线 3.vast plains广阔的平原 4.dense forests茂密的森林 5.starry nights繁星点点的夜晚 6.be covered with a layer of green覆盖一层绿色 7.be dotted with shining stars繁星点点 8.wrinkle the surface of the lake使湖面泛起波纹 9.be bathed in the golden sunshine沐浴在金色的阳光下 出彩表达 1.The sun was setting in the west, casting a golden glow over the mountains in the distance.(现在分词短语作状语)　太阳从西边落下，在远处的群山上投下了金色的光芒。 2.The lush greenery of the forest provided a cool respite from the heat of the day. 郁郁葱葱的森林提供了一个清凉的避暑胜地。 3.A gentle breeze came up，wrinkling the surface of the lake.It was really a beautiful morning.(现在分词短语作状语)　一阵微风吹过，使湖面泛起波纹。这真是一个美丽的早晨。 4.It was a clear stream which ran quite merrily along on its narrow way through the damp greenness.(定语从句)　穿过这片潮湿的绿草地，一条清澈的小溪沿着狭窄的水道欢快地流淌着。 5.With spring approaching，the earth gets covered with a layer of green.　随着春天的临近，大地被覆盖了一层绿色。 ——积累内化应用提升 [场景呈现]　海洋环绕着的这个小岛像一个隐藏的天堂，吸引着无数的游客前来游览。 第一步　完成句子 1.大海环绕着小岛，创造出一幅令人惊叹的景观，令每一个靠近的人都为之着迷。(现在分词短语作状语；定语从句) The ocean surrounds the small island，creating__a__breathtaking__landscape__that__fascinates__everyone__who__approaches. 2.这个地方属于一个庭院，在这里自然之美得到了充分展示。(定语从句) The location belongs to a courtyard where__nature's__beauty__is__on__full__display. 3.当你走近时，地面看起来像无边无际的黄色地毯，沐浴在金色的阳光下。(形容词短语作状语) As you step closer, the ground looks like the boundless yellow carpet, bathed__in__the__golden__sunshine. 4.附近的湖面上微风拂过，泛起涟漪，映照着天空，增添了岛屿的魅力。(have sth. done) The__lake__nearby__has__its__surface__wrinkled__by__gentle__breezes,__reflecting the sky and enhancing the island's charm. 5.这个地方感觉就像一个隐秘的天堂，在这里各种元素相互融合以实现陆地与水之间的完美和谐。(动词不定式作状语) This place feels like a hidden paradise, where every element comes together to__achieve__perfect__harmony__between__land__and__water. 第二步　连句成文 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： The ocean surrounds the small island，creating a breathtaking landscape that fascinates everyone who approaches.The location belongs to a courtyard where nature's beauty is on full display.As you step closer, the ground looks like the boundless yellow carpet, bathed in the golden sunshine. The lake nearby has its surface wrinkled by gentle breezes, reflecting the sky and enhancing the island's charm.This place feels like a hidden paradise, where every element comes together to achieve perfect harmony between land and water. [选自：选修教材　译林版·选修三(新教材)　UNIT 3 P34] Blue and white porcelain① production is a centuries-old Chinese craft. The well-known colour and designs of this type of porcelain originated② during the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty, however, saw③ a decline in production, and blue and white porcelain manufactured then left a lot to be desired. It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that④ blue and white porcelain improved significantly, when potters in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, refined⑤ clay recipes and developed advanced firing⑥ technology. By the time the Yuan Dynasty was past its prime⑦， the techniques had been well established, allowing for⑧ mass production⑨ and regular exports to West Asia. The late Ming Dynasty's blue and white porcelain incorporated⑩ elements of Chinese painting techniques. Porcelain manufacture reached another peak in the Qing Dynasty, achieving technical and artistic excellence⑪. ①porcelain n.瓷器 ②originate v.起源于 ③see v.(常用义) 看见 (文章义) 见证 ④此处为强调句型 ⑤refine v.精炼，提纯 ⑥fire (常用义) n.火 (文章义) v.烧制 ⑦prime n.鼎盛时期 ⑧此处为现在分词短语作结果状语 ⑨mass production批量生产 ⑩incorporate v.包含；吸收 ⑪excellence n.优秀；卓越 1.What is the main idea of the passage? Blue__and__white__porcelain__evolved__over__dynasties,__peaking__in__the__Qing__era. 2.How did the production of blue and white porcelain evolve from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty? Blue__and__white__porcelain__originated__during__the__Tang__Dynasty__with__well-known__colour__and__designs.__However,__the__production__declined__during__the__Song__Dynasty,__and__the__quality__left__much__to__be__desired.__It__wasn't__until__the__Yuan__Dynasty__that__significant__improvements__were__made,__leading__to__advanced__techniques__and__mass__production.__The__late__Ming__Dynasty__saw__the__incorporation__of__Chinese__painting__techniques__into__blue__and__white__porcelain,__and__by__the__Qing__Dynasty,__the__production__reached__another__peak__with__technical__and__artistic__excellence. 【识文知意】　青花瓷制作是一项有着数百年历史的中国传统工艺。这种瓷器著名的色彩和设计起源于唐代。然而，宋代青花瓷的产量下降了，当时制作的青花瓷有很多不足之处。直到元代，青花瓷才有了显著的改善，当时江西省景德镇的陶工们改进了陶土配方，并发展了先进的烧制技术。到了元代鼎盛时期之后，这些技术已经很好地建立起来，可以大规模生产并定期出口到西亚。明代末期，青花瓷融入了中国绘画技术的元素。清代，瓷器制作达到了另一个高峰，在技术和艺术上达到了卓越水平。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $