必修第二册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦语篇理解与文化传承，整合阅读、七选五、语法填空模块，系统提炼各题型解题方法，构建“方法-知识-素养”逻辑链。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇（文化体验/科技考古/文化复兴）|细节题定位原文、词义猜测上下文、推理题逻辑推断、标题题全文概括|文化主题语篇中语言能力与思维品质的融合| |七选五|1篇（传统文化）|上下文衔接分析、段落主旨提炼|传统文化模块（茶道/烹饪/儒家）的结构化整合| |语法填空|1篇（传统工艺）|定语从句关系词判定、非谓语动词形式选择、时态语态运用|语法知识与语篇语境的动态适配|

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·深圳外国语学校高三月考)We can create learning moments that students remember forever if we open up our classrooms to awe and wonder. Toward the end of my high school year, our Spanish teacher organized a trip to see an Andean band perform in Philadelphia. My classmates and I egged one another on ironically (讽刺地): Who could enjoy the show? The performers' clothing seemed odd. The instruments, strange. But then the performers kicked in, dancing to their bombo and wankara drums around the stage and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us. We had spent too little time discussing the culture of the Inca in social studies but its traditions came alive for us that evening. Once the wonderful performance lit up the stage and the hall filled up with music, my teenage cynicism disappeared. I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy. I have spent the last seven years living and working in South America. But my thirst for cultural exploration and a desire to understand the world outside my language and country has been alive longer than that. Sometimes I think that night dancing to those ancient rhythms unlocked this fascination. Why do I remember it so-clearly decades later? In his book Awe: The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life, psychology professor Dacher Keltner explains that “brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do.” Besides being a memorable emotion, awe boosts curiosity, builds humility, helps with critical thinking, and makes people feel more connected. It even makes us happier. “Twenty years into teaching happiness，” Keltner writes about how to find deep happiness, “I have an answer: FIND AWE.” Moving forward, let's do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum (课程). So when our former students approach us on the subway years later, they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在高中时期的一次文化体验对其产生的深远影响，并强调了将敬畏和好奇融入教育的重要性。 1.How did the students initially react to the Andean band's performance? A.They left in disappointment. B.They showed respect for it. C.They felt joyful to appreciate it. D.They approached it with doubt. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My classmates and I egged one another on ironically...The instruments, strange.”可知，学生们最初对安第斯乐队的表演持怀疑态度。 2.What does the underlined word “cynicism” in paragraph 3 refer to? A.A deep understanding of music. B.A negative attitude to the world. C.A sense of connection with society. D.A strong enthusiasm for exploration. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Who could enjoy the show...The instruments，strange.”和第三段中的“Once the wonderful performance...my teenage cynicism disappeared.”可知，学生们最初对安第斯乐队的表演持怀疑态度，但是当美妙的表演照亮了舞台，大厅里充满了音乐时，学生们的怀疑态度就消失了，由此可推知，cynicism指的是对世界的消极态度。 3.Which can be inferred from paragraph 5? A.Curiosity and humility aid critical thinking more than awe. B.Only long periods of awe benefit mind and body. C.Awe is the only emotion for feeling connected. D.Keltner sees awe as key to deep happiness. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘Twenty years into teaching happiness，’...‘I have an answer: FIND AWE.’”可推知，凯尔特纳认为敬畏是深度幸福的关键。 4.What is the target audience of the passage? A.Psychology researchers. B.High school graduates. C.Parents. D.Teachers. D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，这篇文章是写给老师的。 B (2026·深圳模拟)While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala，researchers detected an ancient Maya site. “We can now see the entire landscape of the Maya region in this section of Guatemala，”said Carlos Morales-Aguilar, one of the researchers from the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas. The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (激光雷达)，or light detection and ranging，which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites. In lidar，lasers are sent out and the reflected light is used to create imagery of a landscape. The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in Maya site，as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest. The lidar data showed “for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically，and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球)，” Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans，the team identified more than 1，000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids，along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection. So what made this region so attractive that the Maya would want to settle there in the first place? “For the Maya，the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone’，” Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston，Texas. “The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture.” Uplands lie above the level where flooding occurs. They provided a source for limestone, their primary building material, and dry land to live on. The lowlands are mostly seasonal swamps (沼泽)，which provided space for wetland agriculture as well as organic-rich soil for use in terraced agriculture. Researchers hope lidar technology will help them explore sections of Guatemala that have remained a mystery for centuries. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了研究人员利用激光雷达发现了一处玛雅人遗址，并介绍了激光雷达的优势以及观察该遗址地所获得的发现。 5.Why did the researchers use lidar in the survey? A.It detects a wide range of lasers. B.It pictures quick and clear imagery. C.It passes lights through forests easily. D.It improves the visibility of rainforests. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The technology is particularly beneficial...in a forest.”可知，研究人员在调查中使用激光雷达是因为它能让光线轻易地穿透森林。 6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A.Why Maya drew great attention. B.How Maya people made a living. C.The research process after surveying the Maya. D.The findings through observing the Maya region. D　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Using data from the scans...used for water collection.”可知，该段的主要内容是研究团队通过观察玛雅地区获得的发现。 7.What can we infer about the Maya people according to Ross Ensley? A.They transformed the land to survive. B.They were good at upland agriculture. C.They preferred to build houses using limestone. D.They made a sound choice about where to settle. D　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Maya settled in this region...and lowlands for agriculture.”可推知，玛雅人对在哪里定居做出了明智的选择。 8.Which is the best title for the passage? A.The Perfect Habitat for the Maya People B.The Secrets of the Ancient Maya Civilization C.Revolutionary Use of Lidar Reveals Maya Settlements　 D.Lidar Technology Unlocks New Discoveries of Rainforests C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了研究人员利用激光雷达发现了一处玛雅人遗址，并介绍了激光雷达的优势以及观察该遗址地所获得的发现。因此，C项最适合作文章标题。 C (2025·绍兴三模)About a decade ago, wearing hanfu, a traditional style of clothing worn by China's Han ethnic group, was considered more of a hobby, with a relatively small number of Chinese individuals participating in the trend. Currently, there is a notable shift as young consumers in China are urging brands to acknowledge their heritage and adapt to it to influence the market. The hanfu movement rather suits this rhetoric, advocating cultural autonomy infused with a touch of patriotism. Many Chinese Gen Zs have come to realize that fashion is not exclusive to Western styles; they have also recognized the allure and appeal of their own traditional garments. Cultural confidence has played a significant role in popularizing these traditional clothing choices. Jun Baoyuan, a 24-year-old graduate from the Beijing Institute of Technology, said that people who develop an interest in hanfu will in turn learn more about the traditional skills rooted in Chinese culture, including cloth weaving and traditional jewelry handicrafts. She also noted that many of her close friends today had entered her life as a result of their shared passion for hanfu. Jun often shares her hanfu-clad adventures on social media, where she has gathered a 60，000-strong following. As her reputation as a high-flying hanfu model grew, she started collaborating with museums in China and participating in a range of events. But Jun also warned that with the popularity of hanfu events and the rising number of enthusiasts who want to join the movement, some merchants have fueled unfair competition by selling poor-quality hanfu garments at high prices. These days, making sure you get your money's worth requires a good deal of knowledge. The hanfu movement is among the most significant currents in the contemporary young Chinese cultural narrative. They have brought a sense of pride and Chinese aesthetics to social media, where overseas Chinese, too, can express their heritage. Psychologically and culturally, the hanfu movement is playing a major role in shaping the new generation of young Chinese, blending modernity with tradition. It is nothing short of remarkable to see China's Gen Zs coming together to embrace and celebrate their customs. Although the future path of the hanfu movement has yet to unveil itself, it's surely a phenomenon worth monitoring. The revival of Chinese culture has gained force and shows no signs of slowing down anytime soon. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉服运动在中国年轻人中兴起及其对文化传承的重要意义，强调了青年一代对传统文化的认同与自豪感。 9.What contributes to the revival of hanfu? A.The brands' desire for more profit. B.The experts' advocacy of patriotism. C.The youth's recognition of traditional culture. D.The economic development of Han ethnic group. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many Chinese Gen Zs have come to realize...their own traditional garments.”可知，年轻一代对传统文化的认可促进了汉服的复兴。 10.What do we know about Jun? A.She is expert in hand-made products. B.She gained popularity for her adventures. C.She cooperated with museums for her reputation. D.She expanded her social circle thanks to her passion. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She also noted that many of her close friends today had entered her life as a result of their shared passion for hanfu.”可知，因为对汉服的热爱，Jun的社交圈子得以扩大。 11.What is Jun's attitude towards the current hanfu movement? A.Disapproval.　　　　　 B.Objective. C.Suspicious. D.Defensive. B　解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“As her reputation...at high prices.”可知，她对现在的汉服运动持有客观的态度。 12.What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A.The future prospect of the hanfu movement. B.The great significance of the hanfu movement. C.The potential risks coming with the hanfu movement. D.The Gen Zs' quality reflected by the hanfu movement. B　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段强调了汉服运动的重大意义。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·聊城二模)During the 5，000 years, China has had many great thinkers, inventors, statesmen, strategists, men of letters and artists, yielding a rich cultural heritage and fine cultural traditions.1.________. The spirit of the tea ceremony Xi Hu Long Jing (West Lake Dragon Well) and Yunnan Pu'er have long been world famous.2.________. The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude towards life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from. A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware is the perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insight into the wisdom of this ancient civilization. 3.________ During the 5，000 years of Chinese civilization, many different flavors, styles, and cuisines (烹饪) have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture. This ancient food culture has had a direct impact on the countries, such as Japan, Mongolia, R.O. Korea, Thailand and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through such innovations as Chinese vegetarian culture, tea culture, vinegar, pasta medicated diets, ceramic tableware, and the use of soybeans in the diet. Confucianism Confucianism has flourished during the last 2，500 of China's 5，000-year history. 4.________. This school of thought has had the deepest and longest lasting influence in China's history. Seventy-four Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have stated that for the benefit of mankind's livelihood and development into the next century, these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide. 5.________. A.Chinese cuisine B.Traditional Chinese culture C.It has been the mainstay of this ancient civilization D.They are pretty popular due to their superior color and flavor E.The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impact F.This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe, America and Oceania G.This would provide long lasting benefits for man, helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国对世界有影响的三个传统文化：茶文化、烹饪文化和儒家文化。 1.E　解析：本句是上下文的衔接之处。上文提到中国有许许多多的思想家、发明家等，留下了丰富的文化遗产和传统；下文讲的是其中的三个影响力最大的代表。因此，E项承上启下，符合语境。 2.D　解析： 本段主要讲的是茶文化。D项中的They指代的就是上文中的两种茶叶。 3.A　解析：空处为本段小标题。本段主要讲的是中国食品的烹饪。A项可概括本段内容，符合语境。 4.C　解析：上文提到在中国5 000年历史的最后2 500年中，儒学蓬勃发展，由此可知，它是中国传统文化的“中流砥柱”。C项符合语境。 5.G　解析：上文提到了诺贝尔奖获得者和许多其他受人尊敬的学者对儒学教义积极影响的肯定，认为这些教义应在全世界推广和使用，空处应讲对人类和未来的影响。G项符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·石家庄毕业班质检)Huangshan-based lacquerware artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, 1.____________ he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather ( xi pi ) lacquer technique, 2.____________(inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After 3.____________ (year) of experimentation, he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique by adding gold and increasing layers (层) from six to up to 102, 4.____________(achieve) greater depth and movement. One of his 5.____________(influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to 6.____________ mirror-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year 7.____________(complete), as Gan aims for perfection. Gan's works have earned 8.____________(recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011, one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes 9.____________(add) to the permanent collection at Beijing's Palace Museum. Major museums 10.____________ the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徽州漆器髹饰技艺代表性传承人甘而可在复兴传统漆艺艺术上的贡献以及其代表作品和成就。 1.where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句结构完整，先行词 factory 是一个地点名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语， 应用关系副词where。 2.inspired　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。根据空后的 by 可知，inspire 与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系， 应用过去分词形式。 3.years　解析：考查名词复数。years of意为 “数年的”，为固定表达。 4.achieving　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。 5.influential　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词 works，应用形容词作定语。 6.a　解析：考查冠词。finish 在此作名词，意为 “(漆完抛光后的) 成品表面”。根据空后的mirror-like finish可知，空处应用冠词；结合语境可知，此处表泛指，mirror-like的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 7.to complete　解析：考查非谓语动词。 take time to do sth.意为 “花时间做某事”，为固定搭配。 8.recognition　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语动词 earned 的宾语，应用名词。 9.was added　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据时间状语 In 2011 可知， 时态用一般过去时； 主语 “one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes”与 add 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语是单数概念，be动词应用was。 10.like　解析：考查介词。空后的“the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US”在此充当Major museums的例子，故空处应为一个表示“例如、像”意思的介词，所以空处应用 like。 A篇 [高频词]open up 打开　announce vt.宣布；宣称　light up照亮　fill up with充满　desire n.渴望　curiosity n.好奇心　approach vt.靠近；接近；走近　[障碍词]kick in 开始表演　humility n.谦逊 　[熟词生义]egg (常用义) n.蛋；卵 (文章义) vt.怂恿；鼓励　thirst (常用义) n.口渴；渴 (文章义) n.渴望 B篇 [高频词]conduct vt.开展；实施　visibility n.能见度　identify vt.确定　settle vi.定居　[障碍词]canopy n.树冠　interconnect v.使互相连接　reservoir n.水库　[熟词生义]range (常用义) vi.在某个范围变化 (文章义) vt.测距 C篇 [高频词]individual n.个人　notable adj.显著的；重要的　autonomy n.自主　significant adj.重大的　popularize v.宣传；普及　slow down减速　　[障碍词]ethnic adj.民族的　infuse v.注入　patriotism n.爱国主义　exclusive adj.专有的；独有的　allure n.魅力；诱惑力　garment n.服装　jewelry n.珠宝　handicraft n.手工艺(品)　collaborate v.合作；协作　merchant n.商人　narrative n.描述，叙述　aesthetics n.美学　blend v.混合；掺和　unveil v.揭幕；推出　revival n.振兴，复苏　[熟词生义]touch (常用义) v.接触 (文章义) n.一点儿　adventure (常用义) n.冒险 (文章义) n.活动　strong (常用义) adj.强壮的 (文章义) adj.众多的　fuel (常用义) n.燃料 (文章义) v.助长；推动　 七选 五 [高频词]attitude n.态度　benefit from 从……中获益　insight n.洞察力；了解　be based on以……为基础　have an impact on对……有影响　promote vt.推广　adopt vt.采用　[障碍词]strategist n.战略家　tea ceremony茶道　spirituality n.灵性；精神性 pasta medicated diets面食药膳　ceramic tableware陶瓷餐具　mainstay n.中流砥柱　[熟词生义]capture (常用义) vt.捕获；捕捉 (文章义) vt.体现 语法 填空 [高频词]recreate v.再现；再创造　enhance v.提高；增强；增进　polish v.擦光；磨光　at home and abroad在国内外　[障碍词]lacquerware n.漆器　rhinoceros leather犀皮　[熟词生义]finish (常用义) v.完成　(文章义) n.(漆完抛光后的)成品表面 长难句分析 [B篇]The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in Maya site，as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy，the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest. [分析]　本句是复合句。 “with limited visibility such as the rainforest in Maya site”是介词短语作定语；第二个as引导原因状语从句；“the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest”是canopy的同位语。 [译文]　该技术在能见度有限的地区尤其有益，例如玛雅遗址的雨林，因为激光可以穿透茂密的树冠，即森林中茂密的上层树枝形成的厚覆盖层。 [C篇]But Jun also warned that with the popularity of hanfu events and the rising number of enthusiasts who want to join the movement, some merchants have fueled unfair competition by selling poor-quality hanfu garments at high prices. [分析]　本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，其中含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词enthusiasts；介词短语“by selling...”作方式状语。 [译文]　但是Jun也警告称，随着汉服活动的流行以及想要加入这一运动的爱好者人数不断增加，一些商家以高价出售劣质汉服，从而加剧了不公平竞争。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $