内容正文:
冀教版五年级上册Unit 6 What a wonderful trip!
常考易错语法专项练习
本次专项覆盖实义动词一般过去式变形、感叹句What/How辨析、旅行出行方式表达、一般过去式特殊疑问句四大重难点。
语法一:实义动词一般过去式变形与用法(单元核心必考)【单选、填空、句型转换易错】
语法精讲
1.核心定义:本单元围绕旅行往事展开,全程使用实义动词一般过去式,用于描述过去发生的旅行动作、经历,常搭配yesterday、last holiday、many days ago等过去时间标志词。
2.规则变形(必背):①一般动词直接加-ed,如visit-visited、walk-walked;②以不发音e结尾加-d,如live-lived、move-moved;③辅音+y结尾,变y为i加-ed,如study-studied;④双写末尾辅音加-ed,如stop-stopped。
3.单元重点不规则变形(高频易错):go-went(去)、see-saw(看见)、have-had(拥有、度过)、take-took(乘坐)、eat-ate(吃)、meet-met(遇见)。
4.基础句式结构:①肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他;②否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他;③一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
5.单元经典例句:I went to Beijing last holiday.(上个假期我去了北京。);We saw many beautiful mountains on the trip.(我们在旅途中看见了许多漂亮的山。)
易错警示
1.规则变形失误:辅音+y结尾动词直接加ed,未变y为i,如错误studyed。
2.不规则动词混淆:记错核心变形,如go-gone、see-seed等错误搭配。
3.否定/疑问句变形错误:加didn’t后仍使用动词过去式,违背“助动词后用原形”规则。
4.时态混用:有过去时间标志词,误用动词原形(一般现在时)。
专项练习一
一、单项选择
1. I ______ a wonderful trip last summer holiday.
A. have B. had C. has
2. They ______ to the Great Wall yesterday.
A. go B. went C. will go
3. Did you ______ many beautiful flowers on the way?
A. see B. saw C. sees
4. My mother ______ lots of delicious food last week.
A. eat B. ate C. eats
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. We ______ (visit) the Palace Museum last Sunday.
2. He ______ (take) a train to Xi’an many days ago.
3. They didn’t ______ (meet) their friends on the trip.
4. Lily ______ (walk) in the park yesterday afternoon.
三、改错(圈出错误并改正)
1.I seed many tall buildings in Shanghai. (______改为______)
2.Did she went to Guilin last holiday? (______改为______)
3.We studyed hard during the trip. (______改为______)
四、句型转换
1. He had a good time on the trip.(改为否定句)
________________________________
2. They visited the zoo yesterday.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
________________________________
3. I went to Sanya last week.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________
五、连词成句
1. last / trip / wonderful / I / a / had / holiday (.)
________________________________
2. saw / we / mountains / many / beautiful (.)
________________________________
语法二:What/How感叹句辨析(单元特色必考)【单选、改错、句型转换易错】
语法精讲
1.核心功能:感叹句用于表达对人、事物的赞叹、惊喜,是本单元标题核心语法,贴合旅行赞美场景。
2.两大固定句型(必背区分):①What引导:What (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 (+主语+谓语)!侧重修饰名词;②How引导:How + 形容词/副词 (+主语+谓语)!侧重修饰形容词或副词。
3.单元重点搭配:What a wonderful trip!(多么美妙的旅行啊!);How beautiful the mountains are!(这些山多美啊!);What nice food!(多么美味的食物啊!)
4.简化规则:口语中可省略主语和谓语,是考试高频考查形式。单数可数名词前必须加a/an,复数名词、不可数名词不加冠词。
易错警示
1.引导词混淆:名词前误用How,形容词前误用What。
2.冠词遗漏/多余:单数可数名词前漏加a/an,不可数名词、复数名词乱加冠词。
3.句式语序混乱:感叹句中颠倒主语、谓语、名词顺序。
4.修饰对象混淆:分不清修饰名词用What、修饰形容词用How的核心逻辑。
专项练习二
一、单项选择
1. ______ a great trip it is!
A. What B. How C. Where
2. ______ beautiful the lake is!
A. What B. How C. Which
3. ______ nice flowers they are!
A. What a B. How C. What
二、用What / How填空
1. ______ wonderful the trip is!
2. ______ a lovely day!
3. ______ delicious food we have!
4. ______ fast he runs!
三、改错(圈出错误并改正)
1. How a wonderful trip! (______改为______)
2. What beautiful the park is! (______改为______)
3. What a nice food! (______改为______)
四、句型转换(改为感叹句)
1. It is a nice picture.(改为What引导的感叹句)
________________________________
2. The river is very clean.(改为How引导的感叹句)
________________________________
五、英汉互译
1. What a happy time we had! ________________
2. 多么美丽的城市啊!________________
语法三:旅行出行方式固定表达(单元交际重点)【填空、情景应用、单选易错】
语法精讲
1.核心固定句型:主语+go/goes/went+by+交通工具单数,表示“乘坐某种交通工具出行”,是单元旅行场景核心交际句式。
2.高频出行搭配(必背):by plane(乘飞机)、by train(乘火车)、by bus(乘公交车)、by car(乘汽车)、on foot(步行,唯一特殊搭配,无by)。
3.句式拓展:过去式句型:主语+went+by+交通工具;提问出行方式用How。
4.单元经典例句:We went to Beijing by train.(我们乘火车去了北京。);He goes to the park on foot.(他步行去公园。)
易错警示
1.介词误用:交通工具前乱加a/an,或替换by为in/on,如by a plane错误。
2.固定搭配记错:步行误用by foot,正确搭配为on foot。
3.名词变形错误:by后交通工具误用复数,如by trains错误。
4.时态不匹配:过去式语境误用go,未用went。
专项练习三
一、单项选择
1. We went to Xi’an ______ plane last holiday.
A. by B. in C. on
2. My sister goes to school ______ foot every day.
A. by B. on C. at
3. They ______ to Shanghai by bus yesterday.
A. go B. went C. goes
二、根据汉语提示补全句子
1. 我上周乘火车去了广州。
I ______ to Guangzhou ______ ______ last week.
2. 他们乘汽车去了乡村。
They ______ to the village ______ ______.
3. 我的爸爸经常步行上班。
My father often goes to work ______ ______.
三、改错(圈出错误并改正)
1.She went to Qingdao by a plane. (______改为______)
2.We go to the city by trains last month. (______改为______)
3.He goes home by foot. (______改为______)
四、情景问答
1. —How did you go to Tianjin?(根据提示回答:乘火车)
________________________________
2. —Did you go there on foot?(作否定回答)
________________________________
语法四:一般过去式特殊疑问句(单元难点)【句型转换、对划线提问易错】
语法精讲
1.核心用法:针对过去发生的动作、地点、方式、事物进行提问,是本单元句型转换高频难点,全部依托一般过去式构成。
2.高频疑问词搭配:①Where 提问地点;②How 提问出行方式;③What 提问动作、事物;④When 提问时间。
3.固定句式结构:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?(所有过去式特殊疑问句通用公式)
4.单元经典例句:—Where did you go? —I went to the Great Wall.;—How did you go there? —I went there by plane.
易错警示
1.句式结构错误:遗漏助动词did,或did后使用动词过去式。
2.疑问词混淆:地点、方式、事物提问混用疑问词。
3.答语时态不匹配:问句为过去式,答语用一般现在时。
4.语序混乱:特殊疑问句误用陈述句语序。
专项练习四
一、单项选择
1. ______ did you go last holiday? —I went to Sanya.
A. What B. Where C. How
2. ______ did you go to Beijing? —By train.
A. What B. When C. How
3. ______ you see in the park? —I saw many birds.
A. What did B. What do C. Where did
二、对划线部分提问
1. I went to the zoo yesterday.
________________________________
2. They saw many beautiful flowers on the trip.
________________________________
3. He went to Xi’an by plane.
________________________________
三、补全对话
A: ______ ______ you go last summer holiday?
B: I went to Qingdao.
A: ______ ______ you go there?
B: I went there by ship.
A: ______ ______ you do there?
B: I swam in the sea.
参考答案及详细解析
专项练习一 答案解析(实义动词一般过去式)
一、单项选择
1.B 解析:last summer holiday为过去时间,have的过去式为had。
2.B 解析:yesterday表过去,go的不规则过去式为went。
3.A 解析:助动词Did后必须接动词原形see。
4.B 解析:last week为过去时间,eat的不规则过去式为ate。
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.visited 2. took 3. meet 4. walked
三、改错
1. seed 改为 saw 解析:see的过去式为不规则变形saw。
2. went 改为 go 解析:Did引导疑问句,后面动词用原形。
3.studyed 改为 studied 解析:辅音+y结尾动词,变y为i加ed。
四、句型转换
1. He didn’t have a good time on the trip.
2. Did they visit the zoo yesterday? No, they didn’t.
3. Where did you go last week?
五、连词成句
1. I had a wonderful trip last holiday.
2. We saw many beautiful mountains.
专项练习二 答案解析(What/How感叹句辨析)
一、单项选择
1. A 解析:空后为a wonderful trip(名词短语),用What引导。
2. B 解析:空后为beautiful(形容词),用How引导。
3. C 解析:空后为复数名词flowers,用What,不加a/an。
二、用What / How填空
1. How 2. What 3. What 4. How
三、改错
1. How 改为 What 解析:空后是单数名词短语,用What a。
2. What 改为 How 解析:空后是形容词,用How引导。
3. 去掉a 解析:food为不可数名词,不加不定冠词。
四、句型转换
1. What a nice picture it is!
2. How clean the river is!
五、英汉互译
1. 我们度过了多么开心的时光啊!
2. What a beautiful city it is!
专项练习三 答案解析(出行方式表达)
一、单项选择
1. A 解析:by+交通工具单数,固定搭配by plane。
2. B 解析:步行固定搭配on foot,为特殊用法。
3. B 解析:yesterday表过去,go的过去式为went。
二、根据汉语提示补全句子
1. went; by train 2. went; by bus/car 3. on foot
三、改错
1. 去掉a 解析:by后直接加交通工具,不加任何冠词。
2. go改为went,trains改为train 解析:过去时间用went,by后交通工具用单数。
3. by改为on 解析:步行固定搭配on foot。
四、情景问答
1. I went there by train.
2. No, I didn’t.
专项练习四 答案解析(一般过去式特殊疑问句)
一、单项选择
1. B 解析:答语为地点,用Where提问。
2. C 解析:答语为出行方式,用How提问。
3. A 解析:答语为事物,用What提问,时态为过去式。
二、对划线部分提问
1. When did you go to the zoo?
2. What did they see on the trip?
3. How did he go to Xi’an?
三、补全对话
1. Where did 2. How did 3. What did
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