Unit 2 Bridging Cultures（重难词汇精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“跨文化”主题词汇，构建从基础词形到语境应用的递进训练体系，系统提升词汇理解与表达的语言能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|6类（词性转换15题等）|聚焦构词法、固定搭配及单句应用|从词形转换（如qualification→qualify）到短语辨析（如participate in），再到单句语法填空，形成“词→短语→句”的基础逻辑链| |词汇语境练|2类（语篇语法填空2篇、应用文写作1篇）|结合跨文化主题语篇考查词汇综合运用|从单句过渡到语篇（如UN语言日短文），最终实现词汇在真实交际场景（如推荐信写作）中的应用，体现“基础→语境→交际”的能力提升逻辑|

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1. qualification n. 资格, 学历→qualify vt. &vi. (使)具备资格; (使)合格→qualified adj. 合格的, 有资格的 2. ambition n. 夙愿; 野心; 抱负→ambitious adj. 有野心的, 有雄心的 3. adapt v. 适应; 改编→adaptation n. 适应; 改编本 4. comfort n. &vt. 安慰→comfortable adj. 舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒服地 5. participate vi. 参加→participation n. 参加 6. present v. 呈现; 赠送→presentation n. 报告; 陈述 7. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励→motivation n. 动力; 积极性; 动机→motivated adj. 积极的; 主动的 8. expect v. 期待; 预料→expectation n. 期望; 预期 9. apply v. 申请→application n. 申请→applicant n. 申请人  10. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)→exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露→exposed adj. 暴露的 11. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌→behavior n. 行为, 表现 12. surroundings n. (pl. )环境; 周围的事物→surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的 13. depress vt. 使沮丧; 使忧愁 →depressed adj. 沮丧的; 意志消沉的→depression n. 沮丧, 忧愁 14. strong adj. 强壮的→strength n. 力气→strengthen vi. & vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固 15. competence n. 能力; 胜任; 本领 →competent adj. 有能力的; 称职的 题型二、核心短语 1．participate in参加；参与 2．speak up大声点说；明确表态 3．feel at home舒服自在；不拘束 4．engage in (使)从事；参与 5．get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联 6．comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围 7．cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱 8．side with支持；站在……的一边 9．as far as I know据我所知 10．as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来 11．in summary总的来说；总之 12．generally speaking一般来说 题型三、重点单词 1．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的 2．recall vt.& vi.记起；回想起 3．firm n．公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的 4．insight n．洞察力；眼光 5．grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧 6．expense n．费用；花费；开销 7．deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝 8．optimistic adj.乐观的 9．gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加 10．angle n．角；角度；立场 11．budget n．预算 12．logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的 13．outcome n．结果；效果 题型四、单句语法填空 1．Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：土豆具体是何时传入欧洲的尚不明确，但大概是1565年前后。空格处引导主语从句，结合后文“it was probably around 1565”可知，此处询问土豆被引入欧洲的时间，连接词在从句中作时间状语，因此填连接副词when。 2． will take over the company has not been decided yet. 【答案】Who 【详解】句意：谁将接管这家公司还没有定下来。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少作主语的指人的连接词，应填连接代词who，句首首字母需大写。 3．It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 【答案】whether 【详解】句意：这个方案是否足够可行以推进项目，还有待观察。句中It是形式主语，空后是真正的主语从句，remains to be seen意为“有待观察、拭目以待”，暗含疑问含义“是否”，用whether引导。 4．Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her. 【答案】how 【详解】句意：有时候，我们向他人表达谢意的方式，会体现在我们端给对方的食物上。空格处引导主语从句，结合句意，此处表示“表达谢意的方式”，从句缺少方式状语，含义为“如何、怎样”，因此填连接副词how。 5．It’s partly true Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：狄更斯的写作风格吸引了各行各业的读者，这一点在某种程度上是真的。“It’s partly true that...”为固定句型，it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，无词义、不充当成分，只起连接作用。 6．But in this experiment they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 【答案】what 【详解】句意：但在这个实验中，他们所做的就是更关注大数而非小数。空处引导主语从句，从句中动词doing缺少宾语，指代“所做的事情”，因此填连接代词what。 7．It is clear positive attitudes can bring us more motivation and courage. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：很明显，积极的心态能带给我们更多动力与勇气。固定It is clear that句型，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句。 8．We should be (reason) when we face disagreements and communicate with others calmly. 【答案】reasonable 【详解】句意：面对分歧时我们应理性，冷静与人沟通。be动词后需要形容词作表语，所给词reason是名词，其形容词形式reasonable表示“理性的”，符合句意。 9．Active (participate) in class activities can improve our confidence and teamwork spirit. 【答案】participation 【详解】句意：积极参与课堂活动能提升我们的自信心和团队合作精神。形容词active修饰名词，此处表示“参与”，名词是participation，是不可数名词。 10．If the (apply) is not a true candidate for the job, do not interview him. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】applicant 【详解】句意：如果该申请者并非这份工作的合适人选，就不要安排他面试。定冠词the后接名词作从句主语，结合后文him可知指人； applicant“申请者”，为可数名词，由is可知，这里应用单数形式。 11．Generally, shadow puppetry is a combination of various art forms (involve) painting, carving, music, opera performance and story-telling. 【答案】involving 【详解】句意：一般来说，皮影戏是多种艺术形式的结合，包括绘画、雕刻、音乐、戏曲表演和讲故事。该句已有谓语动词is，此处需要用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰前面的various art forms，various art forms与动词involve(包含)之间是主动关系，因此用involve的现在分词形式involving。 12．Proper (expose) to new knowledge and experience helps us grow and broaden our horizons in life. 【答案】exposure 【详解】句意：正确地接触新知识和新体验，有助于我们成长，并拓宽人生视野。空处作主语，被Proper修饰，因此用名词exposure“接触”，是不可数名词。 13．...the first time I came here, I never imagined I would ever feel (comfort) in this area. 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意：……我第一次来到这里时，从未想过自己会在这个地方感到如此自在。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，comfort的形容词形式是comfortable，意为“舒适的、自在的”。 14．..., or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of (motive), for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” 【答案】motivation 【详解】句意：或者，如果能将这些对比作为动力的来源加以利用，那么它们也会变得充满活力且鼓舞人心，比如可以这样说：“如果他们能做到那样，那我也能做到。”作介词的宾语，用名词motivation。 15．The efforts made to maintain medium friendships sometimes seem (overwhelm). 【答案】overwhelming 【详解】句意：维系交情一般的友谊所付出的努力，有时似乎让人不堪重负。seem是系动词，后接形容词作表语，overwhelm的形容词形式为overwhelming，意为“令人难以承受的、无法应付的”。 16．Climate (adapt) has become a key task for many countries. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】句意：气候适应已成为许多国家的一项关键任务。此处作句子主语，需用名词adaptation，意为“适应”，不可数名词。 17．She felt nervous when she was invited to host the award (present). 【答案】presentation 【详解】考查名词。句意：当她被邀请主持颁奖典礼时，她感到很紧张。根据句意及空格前的“the award”可知，此处应用present的名词形式presentation，构成固定搭配“award presentation”，表示“颁奖典礼”或“颁奖仪式”，且特指这场颁奖典礼，用单数形式即可。故填presentation。 18．After practicing the piano for three years, Lily finally realized her long-held (expect) of performing on the school stage. 【答案】expectation 【详解】考查名词。句意：练习钢琴三年后，莉莉终于实现了她长久以来想在学校舞台上表演的愿望。此处作宾语，应用名词expectation“愿望”。故填expectation。 19．Most parents who are highly (ambition) for their children are hard to satisfy. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数对孩子抱有极高期望的父母往往很难让人满意。作表语，用形容词ambitious。故填ambitious。 20．He was always (optimism), even when things were at their worst. 【答案】optimistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：即使在情况最糟糕的时候他也总是很乐观。根据空前的was可知，此空应用形容词作表语，描述He的状态。所给词optimism是名词，意为“乐观(主义)”，对应的形容词是optimistic，意为“乐观的”。故填optimistic。 题型五、单词拼写 21．As the wages are low and the working conditions are poor, there have been few ________（申请人）for the job. 【答案】applicants 【详解】句意：由于工资较低，工作条件差，因此该工作申请人很少。applicant是可数名词，空前有few修饰，few修饰名词复数。故填applicants。 22．Because of their pleasant personality, they soon formed a __________ (牢固的) friendship. 【答案】firm 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于他们性格开朗，很快就建立了牢固的友谊。friendship为名词需要形容词修饰，故填firm。 23．Branagh won two awards for his screen________（改编）of Shakespeare's Henry the Fifth. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：Branagh将莎士比亚的亨利五世改变为荧屏作品，并获奖两次。空格前有物主代词修饰，后边有of所有格，所以空格处应为名词形式。“改编”的名词形式为“adaptation”，故填adaptation。 24．There is a   _________(复杂的) network of roads around the city. 【答案】complex 【详解】句意：在城市周围有一个复杂的道路网络。此处用形容词，故答案为complex。 25．One of the ________ (资格) you need to work here is a sense of humour! 【答案】qualifications 【详解】句意：你在这里工作的条件之一就是有幽默感！空处作介词of的宾语，表示“资格”用名词qualification，前面有one of，空处应填名词复数形式。 26．To achieve truly great success in any competitive field, you must be ________ (志向远大) and willing to work much harder than the average person. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】句意：要在任何竞争激烈的领域取得真正巨大的成功，你必须志向远大，并且愿意比普通人更加努力地工作。ambitious意思是“有雄心的，志向远大的”，作be动词后的表语。 27．She tried to ________ (安慰) her friend who missed the celebration. 【答案】comfort 【详解】考查动词。句意：她尽力安慰错过了这场庆典的朋友。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词comfort“安慰”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填comfort。 28．After weeks of difficult reading, she finally began to ____________ (理解) the key concepts of economic theory. 【答案】grasp 【详解】考查动词。句意：经过数周艰难的阅读之后，她终于开始理解经济理论中的关键概念了。根据汉语提示可知用动词grasp，此处为不定式作宾语。故填grasp。 29．The day of their ________ (离开) for London is growing closer. 【答案】departure 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们动身前往伦敦的日子越来越近了。空处作介词of的宾语，名词departure“离开”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填departure。 30．The documentary gives the public a real ________ (洞见) into how a human could build deep bond with a wolf. 【答案】insight 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部纪录片让公众真正了解人类如何能与狼建立深厚的联系。根据汉语提示“洞见”可知，本空用名词insight，根据不定冠词a可知，用单数形式，作宾语。故填insight。 题型六、完成句子 31．我们精打细算一点，就能够负担这次旅行。 If we ____________________, we’ll be able to afford the trip. 【答案】budget carefully 【详解】考查动词和副词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“精打细算一点”应用budget carefully，budget在本句中为谓语，且符合条件状语从句中“主将从现”原则，这里用一般现在时，主语we为复数，所以用动词原形； carefully在本句中作状语修饰前面动词。故填budget carefully。 32．既然你毕业于重点大学，你就有资格申请这个职位了。 Now that you graduated from a key university, you can ________________. 【答案】have the qualification to apply for the position 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“有资格做某事”应用have the qualification to do sth.，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形；表示“申请”应用固定短语apply for，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形；表示“这个职位”应用the position。故填have the qualification to apply for the position。 33．通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。 Not only ________________ but also we had a better understanding of nature from this activity. 【答案】did we gain knowledge of gardening 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。分析句子结构可知，not only放句首时，该句应使用部分倒装，“获得”可使用动词gain，“园艺知识”可使用名词短语knowledge of gardening，根据空后“we had a better understanding”可知，该句使用了一般过去时，部分倒装使用助动词did置于主语前面，故填did we gain knowledge of gardening。 【点睛】 34．不可否认，通过这次活动，我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。 One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also ________________. 【答案】learn how to help people around us 【详解】考查动词、非谓语动词以及短语。表示“学会”的英语是动词learn，和have用作并列谓语；“如何帮助人”用作动词的宾语，应使用疑问词how +不定式：how to help people，“周围的”使用介词短语around us。故填learn how to help people around us。 35．那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。 Those ________________ are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21. 【答案】who want to participate in the competition 【详解】考查固定搭配和定语从句。表示“想要做某事”应用want to do sth.，结合“are”可知，使用一般现在时；表示“参加”应用participate in，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形；表示“比赛”应用the competition；此处使用定语从句，修饰代词those，从句缺少主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导；主语who，指代those，谓语动词使用原形。故填who want to participate in the competition。 36．看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中安慰我。 ________________, my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me into his arms ________________. 【答案】 Seeing I was uncomfortable to comfort me 【详解】考查非谓语动词，宾语从句，时态，主谓一致和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“看到我不舒服”，第二空意为“安慰我”，“看到”是see，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，可省略that，由rose可知，句子时态是一般过去时，“我不舒服”是I was uncomfortable，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此第一空是“Seeing I was uncomfortable”；“安慰我”是comfort me，用不定式表目的，因此第二空是to comfort me。故填Seeing I was uncomfortable；to comfort me。 37．大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。 David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about ________________ the cross­country race or not. 【答案】whether to take part in/participate in/engage in 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“是否应该参加”，也就是“是否要参加”，“是否要做某事”是whether to do，“参加”是take part in/participate in/engage in，因此空格处是whether to take part in/participate in/engage in。故填whether to take part in/participate in/engage in。 38．At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was ________ she found herself ________ up in class after just a few weeks. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。 【答案】 that speaking 【详解】考查表语从句和非谓语动词。第一空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。第二空表示“发言”短语为speak up，与herself构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填①that；②speaking。 39．能否实现目标取决于努力而不是运气。 ______________________________ depends on ______________________________. 【答案】 Whether one can achieve goals effort rather than luck 【详解】考查名词，动词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“能”应用情态动词can；表示“能否”应用连词whether；表示“实现目标”应用动词短语achieve goals；表示“努力”应用名词effort；表示“而不是”应用介词短语rather than；表示“运气”应用名词luck；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话指代的是任何一个人的情况，主语普遍到one，whether引导主语从句。故填①Whether one can achieve goals；②effort rather than luck。 40．这对他们的家庭来说是一个负担。 This is ________________ for their families. 【答案】a burden 【详解】考查名词。根据汉语翻译可知，空处需填“一个负担”的英语表达，burden作名词，表示“负担”，泛指一个负担，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a burden。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·江西宜春·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 1 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2 (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 3 the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 4 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a nation’s cultural tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 5 (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6 the world to better understand China, but also 7 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and cooperation between China and 8 rest of the world. 9 more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 10 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. 【答案】 1．to celebrate 2．tongues 3．and 4．written 5．be treated 6．for/to 7．promotes 8．the 9．As 10．innovation 【导语】文章主要介绍了联合国设立官方语言日的双重目标，阐述语言的重要价值、联合国中文日的意义，以及汉语在全球推广带来的积极影响。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：其目标有两方面：一是庆祝文化多样性，二是推广六种官方语言的平等使用。根据“goal”以及“as well as to promote”可知，此处用动词不定式to celebrate。 2．考查名词。句意：同上。tongue表示“语言”时为可数名词，前面有基数词six，此处用复数形式tongues。 3．考查连词。句意：语言是交流的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，也是文明间理解的纽带。前后三个名词短语为并列递进关系，此处用并列连词and。 4．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，一种语言及其独立的书面形式共同构成一个国家文化传统的“灵魂”。此处修饰名词forms，用形容词written作定语，written forms表示“书面形式”。 5．考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得被尊重，理应被平等对待。根据language与treat的动宾关系以及情态动词should后接动词原形可知，此处用be treated。 6．考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了更好了解中国的独特平台，还促进了全球的语言和文化交流。此处是固定搭配provide sth. for/to sb.，表示“为某人提供……”，此处用for/to。 7．考查动词时态。句意：同上。not only...but also...连接并列谓语，前面是provides，此处主语也是The UN Chinese Language Day，谓语用第三人称单数promotes。 8．考查冠词。句意：汉语在促进中国和世界其他地区的交流合作方面发挥着愈发重要的作用。此处是固定搭配the rest of...，表示“……的剩余部分”，此处用the。 9．考查状语从句。句意：随着越来越多外国人开始学习汉语、体验中国文化，这将有助于全世界更好地了解中国及其悠久的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。根据“more and more foreigners start to...”可知，此处表示“随着”，用连词As。 10．考查名词。句意：同上。介词through后接名词innovation作宾语，表示“创新”。 （2026·内蒙古·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have always been drawn to music and languages, so I signed up for my school’s integrated course on English and guqin culture. Touching a classical Chinese instrument for the first time was 1 truly unique experience. With every pluck and stroke of the strings, I felt a strange yet familiar emotion. The English part of the course focused on 2 (learn) vocabulary related to the guqin, as well as reading and translating articles about this traditional string instrument. I particularly enjoyed knowing how 3 (choose) the right words and expressions. But the most special part of the course was the exchange activities with young people from other countries. Delivering a speech confidently on the stage 4 (take) a lot of effort, as I had to pay close attention to my pronunciation, word choice, clarity of expression, body language and how I interacted 5 the audience. I 6 (vivid) remembered standing on the podium, introducing traditional Chinese music and playing the guqin. I felt a strong sense of achievement. Beyond the formal events, we often continued our conversations long after the activities ended. By overcoming language 7 (obstacle) and looking beyond differences in race and culture, we discovered how much young people around the world valued mutual understanding, inclusivity 8 harmony in diversity. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained and 9 (competence) guqin players. I believe such experiences also teach us to respect different cultures, 10 is invaluable in our growth. 【答案】 1．a 2．learning 3．to choose 4．took 5．with 6．vividly 7．obstacles 8．and 9．competent 10．which 【导语】主要讲述作者参与学校英语与古琴文化融合课程的学习经历，收获成长并感悟文化交流与包容的重要意义。 1．考查冠词。句意：第一次触碰这件中国古典乐器，是一段真正独一无二的经历。experience此处表示“一段经历”，为可数名词单数，表泛指，truly以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：课程的英语部分侧重学习与古琴相关的词汇，同时阅读和翻译有关这件传统弦乐器的文章。固定搭配focus on doing sth.，on为介词，后接动名词形式，所以填learning。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我尤其喜欢学习如何选用恰当的词句与表达。此处为固定结构“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，how to choose意为“如何选择”，所以填to choose。 4．考查动词时态。句意：在舞台上自信地发表演讲需要付出很多努力，因为我必须密切注意自己的发音、用词、表达清晰度、肢体语言以及与观众的互动方式。本段讲述过往的活动经历，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为take的过去式took。 5．考查介词。句意：在舞台上自信地发表演讲需要付出很多努力，因为我必须密切注意自己的发音、用词、表达清晰度、肢体语言以及与观众的互动方式。此处为固定搭配interact with，意为“与……互动”，所以填介词with。 6．考查副词。句意：我清晰地记得自己站在台上，介绍中国传统音乐并弹奏古琴的模样。此处修饰动词remembered，需用副词形式，vivid的副词为vividly意为“清晰地”。 7．考查名词复数。句意：我们跨越语言障碍，抛开种族与文化差异，发现全球青年都十分重视相互理解、包容与和而不同。obstacle为可数名词，此处表泛指多种障碍，用复数形式obstacles。 8．考查连词。句意：我们跨越语言障碍，抛开种族与文化差异，发现全球青年都十分重视相互理解、包容与和而不同。mutual understanding、inclusivity与harmony in diversity为并列名词短语，用并列连词and连接。 9．考查形容词。句意：如今，训练有素且有能力的古琴演奏者不足千人。此处与well-trained并列修饰名词guqin players，用形容词，competence的形容词形式为competent意为“有能力的”符合句意。 10．考查定语从句。句意：我相信这样的经历也教会我们尊重不同的文化，这一点在我们的成长过程中弥足珍贵。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·广东东莞·阶段检测）假定你是李华，学校国际交流生项目（exchange student program）正在招募志愿者，协助外国交流生适应校园生活。你想推荐好朋友Chen Yang参加，特此给交流处的王老师写一封推荐信，内容包括： 1. 基本情况； 2. 推荐他的理由； 3. 表达对他胜任该工作的信心。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Wang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Wang, I’m writing to wholeheartedly recommend my close friend Chen Yang for the exchange student volunteer project. First, his excellent English proficiency enables him to communicate with foreign exchange students fluently and effectively. Not only can he help them with daily conversations but also explain complex school rules clearly. Secondly, he is very familiar with the campus and knows every corner of the school, which will be a great help for exchange students to adapt to the new environment quickly. What makes him up to the job is his outgoing, attentive personality. With a good sense of responsibility and patience, he also has strong organizational skills. I have no doubt that he will excel in this volunteer position and become a reliable bridge for international students to adapt to campus life. Yours truly, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给交流处的王老师写信，推荐好朋友Chen Yang担任国际交流生志愿者，并阐述他的基本情况、推荐理由以及对他胜任该工作的信心。 1.词汇积累 流利的：fluent→articulate 帮助：help→assist 熟悉的：be familiar with→have a good knowledge of 胜任：be up to the job→be qualified for 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I have no doubt that he will excel in this volunteer position and become a reliable bridge for international students to adapt to campus life. 拓展句：I harbor an unwavering conviction that he is bound to distinguish himself in this volunteer role, serving as a steadfast conduit for international students to seamlessly integrate into campus life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only can he help them with daily conversations but also explain complex school rules clearly.（使用了Not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句型） 【高分句型2】He is very familiar with the campus and knows every corner of the school, which will be a great help for exchange students to adapt to the new environment quickly.（使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Bridging Cultures重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1. qualification n. 资格, 学历→______________ vt. &vi. (使)具备资格; (使)合格→______________ adj. 合格的, 有资格的 2. ambition n. 夙愿; 野心; 抱负→______________ adj. 有野心的, 有雄心的 3. adapt v. 适应; 改编→______________ n. 适应; 改编本 4. comfort n. &vt. 安慰→______________ adj. 舒服的→______________ adv. 舒服地 5. participate vi. 参加→______________ n. 参加 6. present v. 呈现; 赠送→______________ n. 报告; 陈述 7. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励→______________ n. 动力; 积极性; 动机→______________ adj. 积极的; 主动的 8. expect v. 期待; 预料→______________ n. 期望; 预期 9. apply v. 申请→______________ n. 申请→______________n. 申请人  10. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)→______________ n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露→______________ adj. 暴露的 11. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌→______________ n. 行为, 表现 12. surroundings n. (pl. )环境; 周围的事物→______________ adj. 周围的; 附近的 13. depress vt. 使沮丧; 使忧愁 →_____________ adj. 沮丧的; 意志消沉的→______________ n. 沮丧, 忧愁 14. strong adj. 强壮的→______________ n. 力气→______________ vi. & vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固 15. competence n. 能力; 胜任; 本领 →______________ adj. 有能力的; 称职的 题型二、核心短语 1．participate in 2．speak up 3．feel at home 4．engage in 5．get involved in 6．comfort zone 7．cost an arm and a leg 8．side with 9．as far as I know 10．as far as I am concerned 11．in summary 12．generally speaking 题型三、重点单词 1． adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的 2． vt.& vi.记起；回想起 3．firm n． 4．insight n． 5．grasp vt. 6． n．费用；花费；开销 7．deny vt. 8． adj.乐观的 9．gain vt. 10．angle n． 11．budget n． 12．logical adj. 13．outcome n． 题型四、单句语法填空 1．Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 2． will take over the company has not been decided yet. 3．It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 4．Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her. 5．It’s partly true Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. 6．But in this experiment they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 7．It is clear positive attitudes can bring us more motivation and courage. 8．We should be (reason) when we face disagreements and communicate with others calmly. 9．Active (participate) in class activities can improve our confidence and teamwork spirit. 10．If the (apply) is not a true candidate for the job, do not interview him. （所给词的适当形式填空） 11．Generally, shadow puppetry is a combination of various art forms (involve) painting, carving, music, opera performance and story-telling. 12．Proper (expose) to new knowledge and experience helps us grow and broaden our horizons in life. 13．...the first time I came here, I never imagined I would ever feel (comfort) in this area. 14．..., or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of (motive), for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” 15．The efforts made to maintain medium friendships sometimes seem (overwhelm). 16．Climate (adapt) has become a key task for many countries. 17．She felt nervous when she was invited to host the award (present). 18．After practicing the piano for three years, Lily finally realized her long-held (expect) of performing on the school stage. 19．Most parents who are highly (ambition) for their children are hard to satisfy. 20．He was always (optimism), even when things were at their worst. 题型五、单词拼写 21．As the wages are low and the working conditions are poor, there have been few ________（申请人）for the job. 22．Because of their pleasant personality, they soon formed a __________ (牢固的) friendship. 23．Branagh won two awards for his screen________（改编）of Shakespeare's Henry the Fifth. 24．There is a   _________(复杂的) network of roads around the city. 25．One of the ________ (资格) you need to work here is a sense of humour! 26．To achieve truly great success in any competitive field, you must be ________ (志向远大) and willing to work much harder than the average person. 27．She tried to ________ (安慰) her friend who missed the celebration. 28．After weeks of difficult reading, she finally began to ____________ (理解) the key concepts of economic theory. 29．The day of their ________ (离开) for London is growing closer. 30．The documentary gives the public a real ________ (洞见) into how a human could build deep bond with a wolf. 题型六、完成句子 31．我们精打细算一点，就能够负担这次旅行。 If we ____________________, we’ll be able to afford the trip. 32．既然你毕业于重点大学，你就有资格申请这个职位了。 Now that you graduated from a key university, you can ________________. 33．通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。 Not only ________________ but also we had a better understanding of nature from this activity. 34．不可否认，通过这次活动，我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。 One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also ________________. 35．那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。 Those ________________ are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21. 36．看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中安慰我。 ________________, my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me into his arms ________________. 37．大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。 David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about ________________ the cross­country race or not. 38．At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was ________ she found herself ________ up in class after just a few weeks. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。 39．能否实现目标取决于努力而不是运气。 ______________________________ depends on ______________________________. 40．这对他们的家庭来说是一个负担。 This is ________________ for their families. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·江西宜春·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 1 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2 (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 3 the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 4 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a nation’s cultural tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 5 (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6 the world to better understand China, but also 7 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and cooperation between China and 8 rest of the world. 9 more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 10 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. （2026·内蒙古·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have always been drawn to music and languages, so I signed up for my school’s integrated course on English and guqin culture. Touching a classical Chinese instrument for the first time was 1 truly unique experience. With every pluck and stroke of the strings, I felt a strange yet familiar emotion. The English part of the course focused on 2 (learn) vocabulary related to the guqin, as well as reading and translating articles about this traditional string instrument. I particularly enjoyed knowing how 3 (choose) the right words and expressions. But the most special part of the course was the exchange activities with young people from other countries. Delivering a speech confidently on the stage 4 (take) a lot of effort, as I had to pay close attention to my pronunciation, word choice, clarity of expression, body language and how I interacted 5 the audience. I 6 (vivid) remembered standing on the podium, introducing traditional Chinese music and playing the guqin. I felt a strong sense of achievement. Beyond the formal events, we often continued our conversations long after the activities ended. By overcoming language 7 (obstacle) and looking beyond differences in race and culture, we discovered how much young people around the world valued mutual understanding, inclusivity 8 harmony in diversity. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained and 9 (competence) guqin players. I believe such experiences also teach us to respect different cultures, 10 is invaluable in our growth. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·广东东莞·阶段检测）假定你是李华，学校国际交流生项目（exchange student program）正在招募志愿者，协助外国交流生适应校园生活。你想推荐好朋友Chen Yang参加，特此给交流处的王老师写一封推荐信，内容包括： 1. 基本情况； 2. 推荐他的理由； 3. 表达对他胜任该工作的信心。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Wang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $