Unit2 Home Sweet Home 核心语法专项练习题情态动词表请求许可2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦Can/Could表请求许可，以“用法规则-易错辨析-场景应用”构建系统训练，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心学习要点|5要点|Can日常请求、Could委婉请求；答语用can/can’t；情态动词后接原形|从基础用法到易混区分，构建“概念-规则-易错”逻辑链| |选词填空|10道|选用Can/Could及动词原形，强调礼貌语境|基础应用，巩固词法搭配| |单项选择|10道|答语辨析（Could问用can答）、动词形式判断|语法规则辨析，提升思维准确性| |句型转换/改错|14道|改写礼貌问句、修正情态动词后动词错误|综合应用，强化语法迁移能力| |情景写作|2段|混合Can/Could完成家务、邻里交流场景|语言输出，培养跨文化沟通能力|

Unit2 Home Sweet Home 核心语法专项练习题情态动词表请求许可 ## 本单元重点语法：Can / Could 表请求、许可 ### 核心学习要点 1. **Can**：现在/日常请求、许可，语气普通； 句型：Can you do sth?（你能……吗？）/ Can I do sth?（我可以……吗？） 2. **Could**：更委婉礼貌的请求，不分过去时态，日常礼貌首选； Could you…? / Could I…? 回答统一用 can / can’t，不用 could 3. 答语区分： 肯定：Sure / Of course / Yes, you can. 否定：Sorry, you can’t. / No problem, I can’t. 4. 易混区分：could 表过去能力≠礼貌请求；本单元只考礼貌句式 5. 高频易错：问句用could，答句不能用could；人称对应；情态动词后必用动词原形 ## 一、选词填空（10道，选用 can / could 并变换动词正确形式） 1. ____ you help me pack my boxes? (Could/Can，更礼貌) 2. —____ I hang photos on the wall? —Yes, you ____. 3. Could you ____ (sweep) the floor for grandma? 4. I ____ not clean the bathroom alone, so I ask for help. 5. ____ we invite our neighbors to the new house party? 6. Could Helen ____ (water) flowers on the balcony? 7. —Could I borrow your brush? —Sorry, you ____. I need it now. 8. ____ your dad hang up my coat for me? 9. We ____ tidy our room before guests arrive. 10. Could you ____ (take out) the rubbish after dinner? ## 二、单项选择题（10道，can/could 礼貌句式辨析） 1. —Could you carry this heavy box for me? —____ A. Yes, I could. B. Sure, I can. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I couldn’t. 2. —____ I put my bag on the sofa? —Of course you can. A. Could B. Did C. Was D. Does 3. Could you ____ these clothes neatly? A. folds B. folded C. fold D. folding 4. —Could we keep a small fish tank in the living room? —No, you ____. It will make the room wet. A. couldn’t B. can’t C. aren’t D. don’t 5. ____ you please help me decorate my bedroom this weekend? A. Could B. Were C. Are D. Did 6. —Can I invite my friends over after school? —____ You need to clean your room first. A. Yes, you can. B. No, you can’t. 7. My little sister ____ not sweep the floor by herself. A. could B. can C. does D. is 8. Could I ____ some magazines from you? A. borrows B. borrow C. borrowed D. borrowing 9. —Could you hang up the family photos? —Sorry, I ____. I am busy packing things now. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. won’t 10. —____ I share snacks with our neighbors? —Sure, they will be happy. A. Could B. Do C. Did D. Does ## 三、句型转换（8道，can/could 句式改写，保持礼貌） 1. I can clean the bathroom for grandma.（改为一般疑问句，礼貌提问） ________________________________________________________________ 2. Could you help me sweep the floor?（改为否定答句） ________________________________________________________________ 3. We can invite neighbors to our home party.（用Could改写委婉问句） ________________________________________________________________ 4. Can I hang my coat on the hook?（改为否定回答） ________________________________________________________________ 5. You can’t put rubbish on the balcony.（用Could I 提问） ________________________________________________________________ 6. She can water flowers every morning.（礼貌提问Could she…） ________________________________________________________________ 7. Could I borrow your scissors?（改为肯定完整答句） ________________________________________________________________ 8. They can pack up all their luggage before arrival.（一般疑问句） ________________________________________________________________ ## 四、句子改错（6道，每句一处错误，划出并改正） 1. Could you helped me tidy up my bedroom? ________________________________________________________________ 2. —Could I watch TV after chores? —Yes, you could. ________________________________________________________________ 3. Could we to grow plants on the balcony? ________________________________________________________________ 4. I couldn’t clean the room alone, so can you help me? ________________________________________________________________ 5. Can I borrowed your brush to decorate walls? ________________________________________________________________ 6. Could you please to take out the rubbish? ________________________________________________________________ ## 五、中英翻译（6道，家务、新房主题，必须使用can/could礼貌句式） 1. 你能帮我整理箱子吗？(Could you…) ________________________________________________________________ 2. 我可以把照片挂在墙上吗？(Could I…) ________________________________________________________________ 3. 抱歉，你现在不能借用我的剪刀。(can’t) ________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们可以邀请邻居来新家做客。(can) ________________________________________________________________ 5. 你能每天早上帮奶奶浇花吗？(Could you…) ________________________________________________________________ 6. 我可以饭后把垃圾拿出去吗？(Could I…) ________________________________________________________________ ## 六、情景写作运用（两段短文，每段不少于4句话，混合使用can / could） 短文1：和家人对话，礼貌请求帮忙做家务（sweep / fold / pack） ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 短文2：在社区礼貌向邻居借物品、邀请做客（borrow / invite / share） ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ——————————分页分隔线（习题结束，下方为独立参考答案与完整解析） # 参考答案与完整解析 ## 一、选词填空答案及解析 1. Could 解析：Could you…标准委婉请求句式，语气更礼貌。 2. Could; can 解析：问句委婉用Could，答句固定用can，禁止could。 3. sweep 解析：情态动词后必须使用动词原形。 4. can 解析：can not = can’t，表自身能力不足。 5. Can / Could（均可） 解析：Can普通询问，Could更礼貌。 6. water 解析：Could后动词原形。 7. can’t 解析：否定答句只用can’t，不用couldn’t。 8. Can 解析：询问对方父亲是否可以帮忙，普通问句。 9. can 解析：我们有能力提前整理房间。 10. take out 解析：Could后动词短语原形。 ## 二、单项选择题答案及解析 1.B 解析：问句could礼貌提问，答句统一用can，排除A/D。 2.A 解析：Could I…请求许可固定搭配。 3.C 解析：情态动词后动词原形fold。 4.B 解析：否定回答用can’t，couldn’t表过去能力，不用于现在许可。 5.A 解析：Could you please…标准礼貌请求句型。 6.B 解析：后文要求先打扫房间，因此不能，选否定。 7.B 解析：can not表当下无能力，could侧重过去。 8.B 解析：Could I后动词原形borrow。 9.A 解析：当下没空，否定答句用can’t。 10.A 解析：Could I 征求许可。 ## 三、句型转换标准答案 1. Could / Can you clean the bathroom for grandma? 解析：礼貌问句优先Could。 2. Sorry, I can’t help you sweep the floor. 3. Could we invite neighbors to our home party? 4. No, you can’t. 5. Could I put rubbish on the balcony? 6. Could she water flowers every morning? 7. Sure, you can borrow my scissors. 8. Can they pack up all their luggage before arrival? ## 四、句子改错标准答案+错误点说明 1 错误：helped → 改正：help 解析：情态动词后只能用动词原形。 2 错误：could → 改正：can 解析：问句用could表礼貌，答句不能使用could。 3 错误：to grow → 改正：grow 解析：情态动词后不加to，直接原形。 4 错误：couldn’t → 改正：can’t 解析：此处表现在没有能力，不用过去式couldn’t。 5 错误：borrowed → 改正：borrow 解析：Can I后动词原形。 6 错误：to take out → 改正：take out 解析：Could you please 后直接动词原形，不加to。 ## 五、中英翻译标准答案 1. Could you help me pack up the boxes? 2. Could I hang the photos on the wall? 3. Sorry, you can’t borrow my scissors now. 4. We can invite our neighbors to our new house. 5. Could you help Grandma water flowers every morning? 6. Could I take out the rubbish after dinner? ## 六、情景写作参考范文 ### 短文1 I just moved to a new house. Could you help me sweep the floor? I can fold all the clothes myself, but I can’t pack heavy boxes. Could my mom hang up photos for me? If we finish all chores, we can invite our relatives to visit us. ### 短文2 I’m new in this community. Could I borrow a flower pot from my neighbor? We can invite them to our home and share snacks together. I can chat with them politely, and could we help each other with housework later? 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $