Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 情态动词can和could（核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦情态动词can和could，以“规则+场景”构建方法体系，通过分层训练实现从基础到综合的逻辑递进，提升语言应用能力与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|4条规则+2场景|基础规则（动词原形/否定/语气区分/问答陷阱）+场景分类（征求许可/提出请求）|从概念定义到场景应用，构建“规则-场景-问答”逻辑链| |考点夯基|单项选择20题+完成句子10题|规则辨析（can/could语气差异）+应用表达（句型转换/连词成句）|针对高频考点设题，强化规则到单句应用的迁移| |综合提升|语法选择1篇+短文填空2篇|语境综合运用（语篇中情态动词辨析）|从单句到语篇，实现知识在真实情境中的综合输出|

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 核心语法精练 （情态动词can和could） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、基础总规则 1. can / could 后只能加动词原形，不能加to do 2. 否定：can’t (cannot) / couldn’t (could not) 3. 核心区分： - can：语气随意、口语化，用于家人、同学、平辈 - could：语气委婉礼貌，此处不是过去式，专门用来客气提问（对老师、长辈、陌生人） 4. 必考陷阱：问句用Could，回答只能用can / can’t，绝对不能用could 二、两大场景：征求许可 & 提出请求 场景1：征求许可（自己想做某事，问“我可以……吗？”） 1. Can I …? 日常随意 结构：Can I + 动词原形…? 例句（课本家务话题） - Can I watch TV after dinner? 晚饭后我能看电视吗？ - Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行车吗？ 回答： ✅ Yes, you can. / Sure. ❌ No, you can’t. / Sorry, you can’t. 2. Could I …? 礼貌客气（单元重点句型） 结构：Could I + 动词原形…? 例句 - Could I go out with my friends? 我可以和朋友出门吗？ - Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的电脑吗？ 标准问答（必背） —Could I take out the rubbish? 我可以倒垃圾吗？ —Sure, you can. 当然可以。 —Could I invite my friends home? —Sorry, you can’t. You have to finish homework first. 场景2：提出请求（请别人帮忙做事，“你能……吗？”） 1. Can you …? 熟人之间 - Can you help me clean the room? 你能帮我打扫房间吗？ - Can you fold the clothes? 你叠一下衣服好吗？ 2. Could you (please) …? 礼貌万能句型（Grammar Focus原句） please放中间更客气；否定请求：Could you please not do…? 1）肯定请求 - Could you please sweep the floor? 能请你扫地吗？ - Could you please pass me the knife? 麻烦把刀递给我好吗？ 2）否定请求（单元考点） - Could you please not make noise? 能不能请你别吵闹？ - Could you please not play games now? 现在别玩游戏好吗？ 回答请求： 肯定：Sure / Of course / No problem. 否定：Sorry, I can’t. I have to… 一、单项选择 1．—Can I use your dictionary? Mine is at home. —Yes, of course you ________. A．Need B．must C．can 2．—It’s such a long way! —Don’t worry. You ________ share a ride with me. A．need B．must C．can 3．—Can you help us decorate the room? —Sure. What ________ I do for you? A．can B．must C．should D．need 4．—Mom, ________ I watch the music show for a while? —Of course you can. A．can B．must C．should D．need 5．—Tom, could I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could B．can C．must D．should 6．—______ I move the table in the living room? It takes up too much space. —Sure, let me help you. A．Must B．Can C．Should D．Need 7．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 8．________ you help clean the rooms after lunch? I have something else to do. A．Need B．Must C．Can D．Should 9．—________ I borrow your dictionary? —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________ because I’m using it. A．Could; can B．Could; can’t C．Must; can D．Must; can’t 10．—Mom, _________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need 11．—Lily, ________ I borrow your chess set? —Sure. Here you are. A．can B．must C．should D．need 12．—Could you give me a lift? My car is broken. —Of course I ________. It’s my pleasure to lend you a hand. A．can B．could C．may 13．— Could I use your car? — No, you ________. I have to go out now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 14．—________ we play games here? —Better not. If you must, please go to the open space there. A．Can B．Could C．Must D．Do 15．—Could you please hang up the photos? —Sorry, I ________. I have to do my homework. A．can B．can’t C．could D．couldn’t 16．— ________ I hang out with my friends after lunch? —Yes, but you have to clean up your room first. A．Could B．Must C．Should 17．—Mum, ________ I hang out with my friends this afternoon? —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．may; could B．could; must C．can; need D．could; can 18．—Dad, ________ I go to the cinema with my friends tonight? — Yes, but you must finish your homework first. A．must B．should C．need D．could 19．—_________ I watch TV, Dad? —Sorry, you _________. You must finish your homework first. A．Could; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Can; don’t D．Could; could 20．—I can’t lift the luggage. ________ you please give me a hand? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Need B．Should C．Must D．Could 二、完成句子 21．你可以帮我扫地吗？   ________ you please help me ________ the floor? 22．你能把浴室打扫一下吗？ ________ you please ________ the bathroom? 23．I want to hang up the painting on the wall. (改为委婉语气的同义句) ________ ________ hang up the painting on the wall? 24．—Could I use your phone to make a call?（作肯定回答） —________, you ________. 25．give, to, could, school, please, you, a, me, ride (连词成句) ________________________________________________? 26．——我可以借你的橡皮吗？——没问题，给你。 —Can I borrow your eraser? —________ ________. Here you are. 27．— Can you help me open the window? (作肯定回答) — ________ ________. 28．你能帮我装饰我的新房间吗? ________ you help me ________ my new room? 29．我能借用一下你的雨伞吗？外面在下雨。 ________ I ________ your umbrella? It’s raining outside. 30．—________ ________ borrow your car? （根据答语补全问句） —Yes, sure. Here is the key. 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Mary has a happy family. This morning, they 1 moved into a new house. The house is big and bright, but it 2 a little empty. So, the whole family plans 3 it together. On Saturday morning, they start the decoration. Dad hangs up some beautiful pictures on the wall. The pictures are of mountains and forests, making the living room look like 4 small nature world. Mum puts fresh flowers in vases 5 places them on the tables. The flowers smell so 6 . They make the room more lively. Mary is busy 7 her room comfortable. She puts some cute stickers (贴纸) on the wall. She also puts her toys on the shelf. Although Mary is only five years old, she 8 make her room tidy. Mary loves her new bedroom very much. It's much bigger than her old one. In the evening, after a 9 hard work, the new house becomes warm and lovely. They sit on the sofa and look around. Mary says, “I love 10 new home. Her parents smile and hug her. It's really a wonderful day for the family. 1．A．fresh B．freshness C．freshly 2．A．looks B．looked C．is looking 3．A．to decorating B．to decorate C．decorating 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．so B．and C．but 6．A．nice B．nicer C．nicest 7．A．make B．to make C．making 8．A．may B．need C．can 9．A．day B．day's C．days 10．A．we B．us C．our 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One sunny afternoon, I noticed how tired my parents were after work. My 1 (mother) hands were rough (粗糙的) from cleaning, and my father looked a little thin and small because of hard work. I wanted to help them, so I planned 2 (do) something. First, I put all the 3 (book) around the living room back on the bookcases. As for the fragile (易碎的) things on the bookcases, I was very careful 4 them, trying not to break anything. Then, I 5 (sweep) the floor and took out the rubbish. Next, I decided to prepare dinner. I looked through a cookbook, chose 6 easy dish, and followed the steps as best as I could. 7 the kitchen was a mess in the end, the meal smelled delicious. When my parents walked in, 8 (they) tired eyes lit up. They felt 9 (surprise) at what they saw. The house was tidy, and a warm meal was waiting for them. My mother held my hand 10 (happy) and my father touched my head with a smile. “Thank you,” they said. At that moment, I understood how much love they put into every small thing they did for our family. That day taught me something important: Small actions can carry big love. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Good morning! Do you always do chores if you’re free? What’s your opinion about it? I think doing chores can shape our lives. I’d like to share an experience 1 you. Last Sunday, my grandma felt 2 (sick) and my parents had to take her to the hospital. I stayed at home and decided 3 (clean) up the house thoroughly (彻底地). It was my 4 (one) time to do such a big cleaning. I swept the floor, mopped every corner, and organized my messy bookshelf. It took me almost two hours to make the house tidy and bright. 5 my parents and grandma came back, they were so amazed 6 they couldn’t say a word. After that, I came to realize that doing housework makes differences in many ways. We are usually busy with schoolwork on weekdays. Doing chores might be a nice break from 7 (study). Also, it helps children to be more independent. It teaches 8 (they) skills in life and learning. What’s more, doing chores such as cooking 9 (meal) sometimes can be fun. Doing chores help children spend time together with their family and give them a feeling of belonging, too.   So, could you please 10 (join) me in doing housework? If we all do chores on our own, our society will become better in the future. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 核心语法精练 （情态动词can和could） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、基础总规则 1. can / could 后只能加动词原形，不能加to do 2. 否定：can’t (cannot) / couldn’t (could not) 3. 核心区分： - can：语气随意、口语化，用于家人、同学、平辈 - could：语气委婉礼貌，此处不是过去式，专门用来客气提问（对老师、长辈、陌生人） 4. 必考陷阱：问句用Could，回答只能用can / can’t，绝对不能用could 二、两大场景：征求许可 & 提出请求 场景1：征求许可（自己想做某事，问“我可以……吗？”） 1. Can I …? 日常随意 结构：Can I + 动词原形…? 例句（课本家务话题） - Can I watch TV after dinner? 晚饭后我能看电视吗？ - Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行车吗？ 回答： ✅ Yes, you can. / Sure. ❌ No, you can’t. / Sorry, you can’t. 2. Could I …? 礼貌客气（单元重点句型） 结构：Could I + 动词原形…? 例句 - Could I go out with my friends? 我可以和朋友出门吗？ - Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的电脑吗？ 标准问答（必背） —Could I take out the rubbish? 我可以倒垃圾吗？ —Sure, you can. 当然可以。 —Could I invite my friends home? —Sorry, you can’t. You have to finish homework first. 场景2：提出请求（请别人帮忙做事，“你能……吗？”） 1. Can you …? 熟人之间 - Can you help me clean the room? 你能帮我打扫房间吗？ - Can you fold the clothes? 你叠一下衣服好吗？ 2. Could you (please) …? 礼貌万能句型（Grammar Focus原句） please放中间更客气；否定请求：Could you please not do…? 1）肯定请求 - Could you please sweep the floor? 能请你扫地吗？ - Could you please pass me the knife? 麻烦把刀递给我好吗？ 2）否定请求（单元考点） - Could you please not make noise? 能不能请你别吵闹？ - Could you please not play games now? 现在别玩游戏好吗？ 回答请求： 肯定：Sure / Of course / No problem. 否定：Sorry, I can’t. I have to… 一、单项选择 1．—Can I use your dictionary? Mine is at home. —Yes, of course you ________. A．Need B．must C．can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的字典吗？我的在家里。——是的，当然你可以。 Need需要；must必须；can可以。根据问句“Can I use your dictionary?”可知是在请求许可，答语“Yes, of course”表示肯定同意，应用can回答。 2．—It’s such a long way! —Don’t worry. You ________ share a ride with me. A．need B．must C．can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——路途太遥远了！——别担心。你可以和我拼车。 need需要；must必须；can可以。根据对话语境，前者抱怨路程远，后者安慰并提出解决方案，表示对方“可以”这样做，表许可或可能性，must语气过于强硬，need不符合提供帮助的语境。应填can。 3．—Can you help us decorate the room? —Sure. What ________ I do for you? A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能帮我们装饰房间吗？——当然。我能为你做些什么？ can能，可以；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据答语“Sure”可知，对方同意帮忙，此处询问我能为你做什么事情，表示请求指示，应填can。 4．—Mom, ________ I watch the music show for a while? —Of course you can. A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会儿音乐节目吗？——当然可以。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据答语“Of course you can.”可知，问句是在请求许可，应用can提问。故选A。 5．—Tom, could I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could B．can C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，我能用一下你的电脑吗？——可以，你当然可以。 考查情态动词辨析。could能，过去式或用于委婉请求；can能，可以；must必须；should应该。根据问句“could I use your computer”可知，此处表示委婉请求，答句用“of course you can”表直接许可，符合“同意对方使用电脑”的语境。故选B。 6．—______ I move the table in the living room? It takes up too much space. —Sure, let me help you. A．Must B．Can C．Should D．Need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以把客厅里的桌子挪开吗？它占了太多空间。——当然，我来帮你。 考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Can可以；Should应该；Need需要。根据答语“Sure, let me help you.”可知，此处是请求许可，应用“Can I...?”表示“我可以……吗？”。故选B。 7．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆，我可以用一下你的电脑吗？——当然可以。 考查情态动词。could（can的过去式）可以，表示更委婉的请求；can可以，表示允许或能力；should应该；must必须。问句表示委婉请求，用could更礼貌；答句表示肯定允许，用can回答。故选D。 8．________ you help clean the rooms after lunch? I have something else to do. A．Need B．Must C．Can D．Should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：午饭后你可以帮忙打扫房间吗？我还有其他事情要做。 考查情态动词辨析。Need需要，表示必要性；Must必须，表示义务或强制；Can能、可以，表示能力、请求或可能性；Should应该，表示建议或责任。根据“I have something else to do”可知，说话者是在礼貌请求对方帮忙，“Can you...?”常用于日常请求中，符合情境。故选C。 9．—________ I borrow your dictionary? —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________ because I’m using it. A．Could; can B．Could; can’t C．Must; can D．Must; can’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以借你的字典吗？——对不起，恐怕你不能，因为我在用。 考查情态动词辨析。Could表示委婉请求；Must必须；can能，可以；can’t不能。第一空表示礼貌请求，用“Could”更合适；根据“because I’m using it.”可知，因为自己正在用，所以第二空表示拒绝，用“can’t”表示不能。故选B。 10．—Mom, _________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个星期天下午我能和同学们去看电影吗？——是的，你当然可以。 考查情态动词用法。can能，可以；must必须；need需要。根据答语“Yes, of course you can.”可知，问句是请求许可，应用can提问。故选A。 11．—Lily, ________ I borrow your chess set? —Sure. Here you are. A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莉莉，我可以借你的象棋吗？——当然，给你。 考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据答语“Sure”可知，此处表示请求许可，应用can。故选A。 12．—Could you give me a lift? My car is broken. —Of course I ________. It’s my pleasure to lend you a hand. A．can B．could C．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能载我一程吗？我的车坏了。——当然可以。我很乐意帮你。 考查情态动词。 can可以，能；could可以，能 (can的过去式)；may可以，可能。根据“Could you give me a lift?”可知，这是对方提出的一个委婉的请求。在回答这类请求时，如果表示同意并且有能力做到，通常用can来回答，表示“当然可以，我能做到”。故选A。 13．— Could I use your car? — No, you ________. I have to go out now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我能用你的车吗？——不，你不能。我现在要出去了。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；won’t不会。根据“I have to go out now.”可知，自己要用汽车，所以告诉对方不能用。故选B。 14．—________ we play games here? —Better not. If you must, please go to the open space there. A．Can B．Could C．Must D．Do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们可以在这里玩游戏吗？——最好不要。如果你们非得玩，请去那里的空地。 考查动词辨析。Can可以；Could能够，can的过去式；Must必须；Do助动词。根据答句“Better not”可知，此处是询问可以在这里玩游戏吗，语气直接，用Can表示请求允许。故选A。 15．—Could you please hang up the photos? —Sorry, I ________. I have to do my homework. A．can B．can’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——请你把照片挂起来好吗？——对不起，我不能。我必须做作业。 can可以（肯定）；can’t不可以（否定）；could可以（委婉请求用词）；couldn’t不可以（过去时否定）。根据“Sorry”可知是否定回答，且问句中Could是委婉礼貌的请求用词，并非过去式，否定回答要用can’t。 16．— ________ I hang out with my friends after lunch? —Yes, but you have to clean up your room first. A．Could B．Must C．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——午饭后我可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——可以，但你必须先打扫你的房间。 考查情态动词。Could可以（表示请求许可）；Must必须；Should应该。根据“I hang out with my friends after lunch?”以及“Yes, but you have to clean up your room first.”可知，此处是请求许可，且答语表示允许，用Could表示委婉请求符合语境。故选A。 17．—Mum, ________ I hang out with my friends this afternoon? —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．may; could B．could; must C．can; need D．could; can 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——当然，但你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词辨析。may可以；could可以（can的过去式，也可表示委婉请求）；must必须；need需要；can可以。根据“I hang out with my friends this afternoon?”可知，第一空是孩子向妈妈提出请求，用could比can更委婉礼貌；根据“but you…finish your homework first.”可知，第二空是妈妈提出要求“必须先完成作业”，表示“必须”用must。故选B。 18．—Dad, ________ I go to the cinema with my friends tonight? — Yes, but you must finish your homework first. A．must B．should C．need D．could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我今晚可以和朋友们去看电影吗？——可以，但你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；need需要；could 可以（表示请求）。根据上下文可知，孩子的问题是在请求许可，爸爸的回答“Yes”表示同意，因此需用表示礼貌请求的情态动词could。故选D。 19．—_________ I watch TV, Dad? —Sorry, you _________. You must finish your homework first. A．Could; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Can; don’t D．Could; could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我能看电视吗？——抱歉，你不能。你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词。Could可以；Can能，可以；couldn’t不可以；can’t不可以；don’t不要。“Could I...?”常用于表示委婉请求；根据“Sorry”以及“You must finish your homework first.”可知，此处为否定回答，Could引导的委婉请求，否定回答用can’t。故选B。 20．—I can’t lift the luggage. ________ you please give me a hand? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Need B．Should C．Must D．Could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我搬不动行李。你能帮我一下吗？——当然，我很乐意。 考查情态动词辨析。Need需要；Should应该；Must必须；Could能够，可以（常用于委婉的请求）。根据“give me a hand”可知，说话人正在请求对方的帮助。在英语中，常用“Could you please…?”句型来表达委婉、客气的请求。故选D。 二、完成句子 21．你可以帮我扫地吗？   ________ you please help me ________ the floor? 【答案】 Could sweep 【详解】原句中“可以……吗”和“扫地”是关键词。表示“可以……吗”，用于请求时常用Could（比Can更委婉），位于句首首字母需大写；表示“扫地”的短语为sweep the floor，在please后面应使用动词原形，故填Could；sweep。 22．你能把浴室打扫一下吗？ ________ you please ________ the bathroom? 【答案】 Could clean 【详解】原句中“你能……吗？”和“打扫”是关键词，“你能……吗？”的英文表达是“Could you please...?”，这是表示委婉请求的固定句型；“打扫”的英文表达是clean，“Could you please...?”句型中please后面跟动词原形。 23．I want to hang up the painting on the wall. (改为委婉语气的同义句) ________ ________ hang up the painting on the wall? 【答案】 Could/May I 【详解】句意：我想把画挂在墙上。此处I want to do sth.=Could/May I do sth.，Could/May I do sth.表示“我可以……吗？”，这里主语是I，应填Could/May；I。 24．—Could I use your phone to make a call?（作肯定回答） —________, you ________. 【答案】 Yes/Sure can 【详解】句意：—— 我可以用你的手机打电话吗？—— 是的，你可以。原句是由could引导的表示请求的一般疑问句，其肯定回答常用“Yes/Sure, 主语 + can” 结构，此处主语是you，情态动词用can。故填Yes/Sure；can。 25．give, to, could, school, please, you, a, me, ride (连词成句) ________________________________________________? 【答案】Could you please give me a ride to school/Could you give me a ride to school, please 【详解】分析所给单词和标点，该句是疑问句。Could是情态动词，表示委婉的请求，常用于疑问句开头；you“你”，主语，指代被请求的对象；please“请”，礼貌用语，放在情态动词后，也可以放在句末，使请求更委婉；give me a ride“载我一程”，动词短语；to school“去学校”，作状语。故填Could you please give me a ride to school“请问你能载我去学校吗”/Could you give me a ride to school, please“请问你能载我去学校吗”。 26．——我可以借你的橡皮吗？——没问题，给你。 —Can I borrow your eraser? —________ ________. Here you are. 【答案】 No problem 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺少“没问题”。No problem“没问题”，是口语中常用的回应语，用于表示同意或应允对方的请求，符合语境。故填No；problem。 27．— Can you help me open the window? (作肯定回答) — ________ ________. 【答案】 No problem 【详解】句意：你能帮我开窗户吗？根据句意可知，Can you表示请求，其肯定回答可为No problem，意为“没问题”，首字母要大写。故填No；problem。 28．你能帮我装饰我的新房间吗? ________ you help me ________ my new room? 【答案】 Can decorate 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示 “能，可以”，用情态动词“can”，表示请求，且位于句首，首字母大写；第二空表示 “装饰”，用动词“decorate”，且help sb. do sth.意为 “帮助某人做某事”，所以此处用动词原形。故填Can；decorate。 29．我能借用一下你的雨伞吗？外面在下雨。 ________ I ________ your umbrella? It’s raining outside. 【答案】 Can/Could borrow 【详解】can“可以”，用于询问“可以（做某事）吗”，也可用could，语气较委婉。borrow“借用”，动词，情态动词后接动词原形。故填Can/Could；borrow。 30．—________ ________ borrow your car? （根据答语补全问句） —Yes, sure. Here is the key. 【答案】 Could/May I 【详解】句意：——我可以借你的汽车吗？——可以，当然。这是钥匙 。因需礼貌请求借车，用“Could/May I...”结构，故填Could/May；I。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Mary has a happy family. This morning, they 1 moved into a new house. The house is big and bright, but it 2 a little empty. So, the whole family plans 3 it together. On Saturday morning, they start the decoration. Dad hangs up some beautiful pictures on the wall. The pictures are of mountains and forests, making the living room look like 4 small nature world. Mum puts fresh flowers in vases 5 places them on the tables. The flowers smell so 6 . They make the room more lively. Mary is busy 7 her room comfortable. She puts some cute stickers (贴纸) on the wall. She also puts her toys on the shelf. Although Mary is only five years old, she 8 make her room tidy. Mary loves her new bedroom very much. It's much bigger than her old one. In the evening, after a 9 hard work, the new house becomes warm and lovely. They sit on the sofa and look around. Mary says, “I love 10 new home. Her parents smile and hug her. It's really a wonderful day for the family. 1．A．fresh B．freshness C．freshly 2．A．looks B．looked C．is looking 3．A．to decorating B．to decorate C．decorating 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．so B．and C．but 6．A．nice B．nicer C．nicest 7．A．make B．to make C．making 8．A．may B．need C．can 9．A．day B．day's C．days 10．A．we B．us C．our 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了Mary一家搬进宽敞明亮的新房子后，全家一起装饰房屋，让原本略显空旷的房子变得温馨可爱的故事，体现了家庭的温暖氛围。 1．句意：今天早上，他们刚刚搬进了一所新房子。 fresh新鲜的，形容词；freshness新鲜，名词；freshly刚刚，副词。根据“moved into a new house”可知，此处需副词修饰动词moved，freshly“刚刚”，符合语境，故选C。 2．句意：这所房子又大又明亮，但看起来有点空。 looks看起来；looked看了；is looking正在看。根据“the house is big and bright”和“a little empty”可知，此处表示看起来有点空，句子描述的是当前状态，应使用一般现在时。主语是it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 3．句意：所以，全家计划一起装饰它。 to decorating错误表达；to decorate装饰，动词不定式；decorating装饰，动名词。根据“the whole family plans...it together”可知，此处是固定搭配plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，应接动词不定式。故选B。 4．句意：这些画是山川和森林的，让客厅看起来像一个小型的自然世界。 a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表泛指；an用于元音音素开头的词前，表泛指；the表特指。根据“small nature world”可知， 此处泛指“一个小型自然世界”，small以辅音音素开头，故用a，故选A。 5．句意：妈妈把鲜花插进花瓶里，并把它们放在桌子上。 so表因果；and表并列；but表转折。根据“puts fresh flowers in vases”和“places them on the tables”可知，两个动作是并列关系，用and连接，故选B。 6．句意：这些花闻起来很香。 nice好的；nicer更好的；nicest最好的。根据“smell so...”可知，此处是感官动词smell后接形容词作表语，表示“闻起来怎么样”。句子无比较对象，不需要比较级或最高级。故选A。 7．句意：Mary正忙着让她的房间舒适起来。 make动词原形；to make动词不定式；making动名词。根据“Mary is busy...her room comfortable.”可知，此处是固定搭配be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，应接动名词。故选C。 8．句意：虽然Mary只有五岁，但她能把房间整理得很整洁。 may可能；need需要；can能够。根据“Although Mary is only five years old”和“make her room tidy”可知，此处强调她有能力做到，表达“会，能”的意思。故选C。 9．句意：晚上，经过一天的辛苦劳作，新房子变得温馨可爱。 day天；day’s一天的；days天，复数。根据“after a...hard work”可知，此处修饰名词短语hard work，表示“一天的辛苦工作”，应使用名词所有格。选故选B。 10．句意：Mary说：“我爱我们的新家。” we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，物主代词。根据“love...new home”可知，此处需要修饰名词短语new home，应使用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One sunny afternoon, I noticed how tired my parents were after work. My 1 (mother) hands were rough (粗糙的) from cleaning, and my father looked a little thin and small because of hard work. I wanted to help them, so I planned 2 (do) something. First, I put all the 3 (book) around the living room back on the bookcases. As for the fragile (易碎的) things on the bookcases, I was very careful 4 them, trying not to break anything. Then, I 5 (sweep) the floor and took out the rubbish. Next, I decided to prepare dinner. I looked through a cookbook, chose 6 easy dish, and followed the steps as best as I could. 7 the kitchen was a mess in the end, the meal smelled delicious. When my parents walked in, 8 (they) tired eyes lit up. They felt 9 (surprise) at what they saw. The house was tidy, and a warm meal was waiting for them. My mother held my hand 10 (happy) and my father touched my head with a smile. “Thank you,” they said. At that moment, I understood how much love they put into every small thing they did for our family. That day taught me something important: Small actions can carry big love. 【答案】 1．mother’s 2．to do 3．books 4．with 5．swept 6．an 7．Although/Though 8．their 9．surprised 10．happily 【导语】本文通过描述孩子主动帮助疲惫的父母做家务并准备晚餐的故事，展现了细微的举动中蕴含的深厚亲情，揭示了“小行动传递大爱”的道理。 1．句意：我妈妈的双手因为清洁工作而变得粗糙。hands为名词，此处应用mother的名词所有格表示所属关系。故填mother’s。 2．句意：我想要帮助他们，所以我计划做点什么。plan to do sth“计划做某事”。故填to do。 3．句意：首先，我把客厅里所有的书放回书架上。book为可数名词，根据“all the”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填books。 4．句意：对于书架上的易碎物品，我非常小心地对待它们，尽力不打碎任何东西。be careful with sth“小心对待某物”。故填with。 5．句意：然后，我扫地并倒垃圾。根据并列动词took的形式，可知此处动词sweep也需用过去式。故填swept。 6．句意：我翻阅食谱，选了一道简单的菜。dish为单数可数名词，需用不定冠词表泛指。easy为元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故填an。 7．句意：尽管厨房最后很乱，但饭菜闻起来很香。前后两句为让步关系，此处应用although或though引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Although/Though。 8．句意：当我的爸妈走进来时，他们疲惫的双眼亮了起来。根据“tired eyes”可知，此处应用they的形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。 9．句意：他们对看见的东西感到惊讶。feel surprised表示“感到惊讶”。故填surprised。 10．句意：我妈妈开心地握住我的手，我爸爸微笑着摸摸我的头。此处应用happy的副词happily修饰动词held。故填happily。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Good morning! Do you always do chores if you’re free? What’s your opinion about it? I think doing chores can shape our lives. I’d like to share an experience 1 you. Last Sunday, my grandma felt 2 (sick) and my parents had to take her to the hospital. I stayed at home and decided 3 (clean) up the house thoroughly (彻底地). It was my 4 (one) time to do such a big cleaning. I swept the floor, mopped every corner, and organized my messy bookshelf. It took me almost two hours to make the house tidy and bright. 5 my parents and grandma came back, they were so amazed 6 they couldn’t say a word. After that, I came to realize that doing housework makes differences in many ways. We are usually busy with schoolwork on weekdays. Doing chores might be a nice break from 7 (study). Also, it helps children to be more independent. It teaches 8 (they) skills in life and learning. What’s more, doing chores such as cooking 9 (meal) sometimes can be fun. Doing chores help children spend time together with their family and give them a feeling of belonging, too.   So, could you please 10 (join) me in doing housework? If we all do chores on our own, our society will become better in the future. 【答案】 1．with 2．sick 3．to clean 4．first 5．When 6．that 7．studying 8．them 9．meals 10．join 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过分享自己打扫房间的经历，阐述了做家务的好处，并呼吁大家一起参与家务劳动。 1．句意：我想和你分享一次经历。share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”。故填with。 2．句意：上周日，我奶奶感到不舒服，我父母不得不带她去医院。根据“my grandma felt”可知，felt是系动词，后接形容词作表语，sick“生病的”。故填sick。 3．句意：我待在家里，决定彻底打扫房子。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to clean。 4．句意：这是我第一次做这样的大扫除。根据“It was my...time to do such a big cleaning”可知，此处表示“第一次”，需用序数词first“第一次”。故填first。 5．句意：当我的父母和奶奶回来时，他们如此惊讶，以至于一句话都说不出来。根据“my parents and grandma came back, they were so amazed ”可知，应是当他们回来时，他们很惊讶，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，需用连词when。故填When。 6．句意：当我的父母和奶奶回来时，他们如此惊讶，以至于一句话都说不出来。根据“they were so amazed...they couldn’t say a word.”可知，他们应是如此惊讶，以至于一句话都说不出来，so...that...“太……以至于……”。故填that。 7．句意：做家务或许是学习之余的一个好调剂。根据“from”是介词可知，介词后接动词时，需用动词的动名词形式。study的动名词为studying“学习”。故填studying。 8．句意：它教给他们生活和学习方面的技能。根据“teach”是及物动词可知，及物动词后需接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。they是主格，其宾格为them“他们”。故填them。 9．句意：此外，做诸如做饭之类的家务有时会很有趣。根据“meal”是可数名词可知，此处表示泛指做饭这一行为，并非单一的一顿饭，需用可数名词的复数形式。meal的复数为meals。故填meals。 10．句意：所以，你能和我一起做家务吗？根据“could you please...”可知，情态动词could后接动词原形。故填join。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $