Unit 4 Period 2 Learning About Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 分层设计清晰，从词汇基础到语篇应用再到高考衔接，梯度合理，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|词汇变形、基础词汇应用|单词不同形式转换、根据提示写单词，夯实语言能力基础| |B组能力进阶|句型转换、语法综合应用|完成句子、语法填空，衔接基础与语篇，提升语言应用能力| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑分析|阅读理解、七选五，聚焦跨文化认知与思维品质| |拓展链接高考|高考题型综合应用|完形填空，对接高考要求，培养综合语言运用能力|

分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 写出下列单词的不同形式。 单词 Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1. differ 2. vary 3. rely 4. interact 5. approve 6. embarrass 【答案】 1.difference; differ; different; differently 2.variety/variation; vary; various/varied; variously 3.reliance; rely; reliable; reliably 4.interaction; interact; interactive; interactively 5.approval; approve; approving; approvingly 6.embarrassment; embarrass; embarrassed/embarrassing; embarrassingly 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．We can ________ (推断) a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. 2．There is no ________ (可比性) between the two cases; they are totally different. 3．His ________ (赞成) of the plan encouraged everyone to work harder. 4．The ________ (证人) gave a detailed description of the accident to the police. 5．She felt extremely ________ (尴尬) when she forgot the guest's name in public. 6．We need to ________ (评估) the students' performance in a fair way. 7．The teacher's ________ (示范) made the experiment easy to understand. 8．Don't ________ (依赖) too much on your parents; you should be independent. 9．The ________ (事件) was reported in detail by the local newspaper. 10．He had to ________ (弯腰) down to tie his shoelaces. 【答案】 1.infer 2.Comparison 3.Approval 4.witness 5.embarrassed 6.assess 7.demonstration 8.rely 9.incident 10.bend 三、单句语法填空。 1． I enjoy ________ (watch) people from different cultures interact. 2． The crucial thing is ________ (find) a proper way to communicate. 3． She suggested ________ (go) to the lecture on body language. 4． ________ (read) body language accurately requires a lot of practice. 5． I can't help ________ (laugh) at his funny gesture. 6． His job is ________ (teach) sign language to the deaf. 7． She admitted ________ (make) a mistake in the assessment. 8． We should avoid ________ (judge) people simply by their appearance. 9． ________ (bow) slightly is a sign of respect in Japan. 10． I look forward to ________ (learn) more about nonverbal communication. 【答案】 1. watching 2.finding 3.going 4.Reading 5.laughing 6.teaching 7.making 8.judging .9Bowing 10.learning 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 肢体语言在我们的日常交流中起着重要作用。 Body language ________ ________ ________ ________ in our daily communication. 2. 通过对比，我们发现这两种文化有很大差异。 ________ ________, we found that the two cultures ________ ________. 3. 他弯腰捡起地上的书。 He ________ ________ to pick up the book on the ground. 4. 与陌生人进行眼神交流可能会让人感到不自在。 ________ ________ ________ with strangers may make people feel uncomfortable. 5. 她假装没有注意到我，这让我很尴尬。 She ________ ________ ________ notice me, which really ________ me. 6. 我们应该全面考虑问题，而不是只关注细节。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________ instead of only focusing on details. 7. 这位医生正在评估病人的状况。 The doctor is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 8. 他的解释使这个问题更清晰易懂了。 His explanation ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 1．plays an important part/role 2．By contrast; differ greatly 3．bent down 4．Making eye contact 5．pretended not to; embarrassed 6．consider the whole picture 7．evaluating a patient's condition 8．clarified the issue/problem 5、 语法填空 Gestures can be used to express people's thoughts and opinions in their 1 (interact) with other people, 2 means we can learn a lot about 3 people are thinking by watching their body language. However, in different countries the same gesture may have different meanings. For example, in some countries, looking into the eyes of the person you are talking to 4 (be) a way to display interest, but in many Middle Eastern countries men and women should avoid 5 (make) eye contact. In most countries, 6 (shake) one's head means no, and nodding means yes. By contrast, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on 7 cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, 8 nodding the head when they meet someone else. All in all, body language 9 (vary) from culture to culture. 10 (follow) the golden rule — When in Rome, do as the Romans do — is always a safe choice. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中肢体语言的差异。 1．interaction(s) 考查名词。形容词性物主代词their后接名词，interaction为不可数名词或可数名词，故填interaction(s)。 2．which 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 3．what 考查宾语从句。介词about后为宾语从句，从句中缺少thinking的宾语，表示"什么"，故填what。 4．is 考查主谓一致。此处为动名词短语looking into the eyes...作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，且为一般现在时，故填is。 5．making 考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动词-ing形式作宾语，avoid doing sth.意为"避免做某事"，故填making。 6．shaking 考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词作主语，与后面的nodding形成并列，表示抽象动作，故填shaking。 7. the 考查冠词。kiss sb. on the cheek为固定搭配，意为"亲吻某人的脸颊"，故填the。 8．or 考查连词。此处or连接三个并列的动名词短语shaking hands, bowing from the waist和nodding the head，表示选择关系，故填or。 9．varies 考查时态和主谓一致。此处为一般现在时，主语body language为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填varies。 10．Following考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词作主语，表示抽象动作，句首首字母大写，故填Following。 6、 阅读理解 Body language is a quiet, secret and powerful language. It speaks louder than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than our words. In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 70% of all communication. Body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, body language is so much a part of us that we often don't realize we're using it. And misunderstandings occur as a result. For example, different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation it may look like a Latino is following a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep backing away — which the Latino will in return regard as coldness. Eye contact is another major aspect of body language. The way people look at each other can be very revealing. In some cultures, direct eye contact is seen as a sign of respect and honesty, while in others it may be considered rude or challenging. For example, in many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially when talking to elders or people of higher status. However, in Western cultures, avoiding eye contact may be interpreted as a sign of dishonesty or lack of confidence. Understanding these cultural differences in body language can help us avoid misunderstandings and communicate more effectively. When in a new culture, it's important to observe and learn the local body language customs. By doing so, we show respect for the culture and make it easier to build positive relationships. 1．Why might a Latino and a Norwegian have misunderstandings in conversation? A．They speak different languages. B．They have different concepts of personal space. C．They dislike each other's cultures. D．They have different ways of greeting. 2．What does avoiding eye contact mean in many Asian cultures? A．Dishonesty. B．Respect. C．Coldness. D．Pushiness. 3．What is the author's attitude towards understanding body language? A．Doubtful. B．Neutral. C．Positive. D．Negative. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Body Language B．Body Language Across Cultures C．How to Improve Verbal Communication D．The Disadvantages of Nonverbal Communication 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在跨文化交际中的重要性，以及不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异。 1．B 推理判断题。根据第二段"Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends... People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot."可知，北欧人和拉丁美洲人对身体接触和个人空间有不同的观念，这导致了误解。故选B。 2．B 细节理解题。根据第三段"in many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect"可知，在许多亚洲文化中，避免眼神交流是尊重的表现。故选B。 3．C 观点态度题。根据最后一段"Understanding these cultural differences... can help us avoid misunderstandings and communicate more effectively"可知，作者认为理解肢体语言有助于避免误解和有效交流，态度是积极的。故选C。 4．B 主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异及其重要性，B项"跨文化的肢体语言"最能概括全文主旨。故选B。 7、 七选五 Body language plays an important role in our daily communication. However, not all body language means the same thing across different cultures. 1 Here are some tips to help you understand body language better. 2 Before you interpret someone's body language, consider the context. A person crossing their arms may simply be cold, not defensive. Always look at the whole picture rather than isolated gestures. Pay attention to clusters Body language is more reliable when you look at multiple signals together. 3 For example, if someone is making eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward, they are probably interested in what you're saying. But if they are making eye contact while crossing their arms and tapping their foot, the message may be mixed. Consider cultural differences What means one thing in one culture may mean something completely different in another. 4 In some Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact shows respect, while in Western cultures it may suggest dishonesty. Always be careful not to judge others based on your own cultural standards. Trust your instincts Sometimes your gut feeling about someone's body language is correct. 5 If something feels off about the way someone is acting, there probably is something wrong. However, make sure you're not letting personal biases influence your judgment. A．Read the context first. B．Look for mixed messages. C．If you feel uncomfortable, trust that feeling. D．This is especially true for eye contact and personal space. E．Understanding these differences can prevent misunderstandings. F．A single gesture alone may not tell the whole story. G．Misunderstanding body language can lead to communication problems. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何正确理解肢体语言的几个技巧。 1．G 由上文"However, not all body language means the same thing across different cultures."可知，上文提到并非所有肢体语言在不同文化中都有相同的含义。本空应进一步说明误解肢体语言的后果或提出解决方法。G选项"Misunderstanding body language can lead to communication problems"说明了误解肢体语言会导致交流问题，能承接上文并引出下文的建议，符合题意。故选G。 2．A 此空为段落标题。由下文"Before you interpret someone's body language, consider the context."可知，本段主要讲的是在解读肢体语言之前要考虑语境。A选项"Read the context first"能够概括本段内容，作为标题合适。故选A。 3．F 由上文"Body language is more reliable when you look at multiple signals together."可知，上文提到综合多个信号看时肢体语言更可靠。本空应进一步说明单个信号的局限性。F选项"A single gesture alone may not tell the whole story"说明了单个手势可能无法说明全部情况，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 4．D 由上文"What means one thing in one culture may mean something completely different in another."可知，上文提到同一事物在不同文化中可能有不同含义。本空应举例说明哪些肢体语言存在文化差异。D选项"This is especially true for eye contact and personal space"举例说明了眼神交流和个人空间方面存在文化差异，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 5．C 由上文"Sometimes your gut feeling about someone's body language is correct."可知，上文提到直觉有时是正确的。本空应进一步说明要相信自己的直觉。C选项"If you feel uncomfortable, trust that feeling"说明了如果感到不舒服，要相信那种感觉，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 （2012·全国新课标卷·完形填空） Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication (非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 4 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . People from Latin American countries, 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in 11 , it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 1 3 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 1 4 — which the Latino will in return regard as 15 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 . 1.A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further 2.A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 3.A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 4.A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult 5.A. well B. far C. much D. long 6.A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short 7.A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 8.A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone 9.A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies 10.A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means 11.A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment 12.A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following 13.A. closer B. faster C. in D. away 14.A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out 15.A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness 16.A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think 17.A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich 18.A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness 19.A. chance B. time C. result D. advice 20A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 【文章大意】本文为说明文，主题是跨文化肢体语言。肢体语言比语言更有说服力，在跨文化交流中至关重要；不同文化对人与人之间的身体距离、肢体接触要求截然不同。文中以拉丁美洲人与北欧挪威人为对比案例，说明文化差异极易造成沟通误解；文末给出黄金沟通准则：己所不欲，勿施于人。 1.B. 固定谚语 Action speaks louder than words（事实胜于雄辩）。louder 此处引申为 “更有说服力”，句意：肢体语言比口头话语更有分量。 2.D. 句意：专家称，我们身体传递出的信息远超我们自己意识到的。message 侧重 “传递的信息、信号”；sound 声音，invitation 邀请，feeling 情绪，均不符合语境。 3.D. 句意：事实上，非语言交流占我们真实想表达含义的 50%。what we really mean 我们真正想表达的意思。 4.C. 跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤其重要。immediate 立刻的；misleading 误导的；difficult 困难的，均不符。 5.C. 固定结构 so much a part of us 我们生活中如此重要的一部分。句意：肢体语言早已融入我们自身，以至于我们常常忽略它。 6.A. 前文提出肢体语言易引发误解，下文举拉丁美洲、北欧国家的例子，表举例。thus 因此；however 然而；in short 简而言之。 7.B. 后文对比两类人群对人际距离的不同态度，本段核心话题是人与人之间的距离。trade 交易；connection 联系；greeting 问候。 8.C. 肢体接触。北欧人不喜欢肢体接触，哪怕是朋友。eye contact 眼神交流；verbal 口头的；telephone 电话。 9.A. 递进逻辑：北欧人连朋友间都不愿肢体接触，更不用说陌生人。relative 亲戚；neighbour 邻居；enemy 敌人。 10.B. o前后对比北欧人与拉丁美洲人的习惯，表 “另一方面”。in other words 换言之；in a similar way 同理；by all means 当然。 11.B. 场景限定：在两人交谈过程中，会出现一方不断靠近、一方不断后退的画面。trouble 麻烦；silence 沉默；experiment 实验。 12.D. 拉丁美洲人为表达友好不断靠近，看起来像全程跟着挪威人满屋子移动。disturb 打扰；help 帮助；guide 指引。 13.A. 拉丁美洲人想要表达友好，会持续往对方身边靠近。faster 更快；in 进入；away 远离。 14.C. 挪威人觉得对方过于主动，会下意识后退。step forward 上前；go on 继续；come out 出来。 15.D. 挪威人后退的行为，反过来会被拉丁美洲人视作冷漠。weakness 软弱；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好。 16.A. 全文围绕人际交谈、沟通展开，句意：人们交谈时，有大量信息并非来自口头语言。travel 出行；laugh 大笑；think 思考。 17.A. 当交流双方来自不同文化背景，误解发生概率极高。European 欧洲的；Latino 拉丁美洲的；rich 富裕的。 18.C. 全文主线：文化差异→肢体语言差异→误解。curiosity 好奇；excitement 兴奋；nervousness 紧张。 19.D. 后文给出黄金沟通准则，属于建议。chance 机会；time 时间；result 结果。 20.B. 固定句式 treat others as you would like to be treated 己所不欲，勿施于人。notice 注意；respect 尊重；please 取悦。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 写出下列单词的不同形式。 单词 Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1. differ 2. vary 3. rely 4. interact 5. approve 6. embarrass 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．We can ________ (推断) a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. 2．There is no ________ (可比性) between the two cases; they are totally different. 3．His ________ (赞成) of the plan encouraged everyone to work harder. 4．The ________ (证人) gave a detailed description of the accident to the police. 5．She felt extremely ________ (尴尬) when she forgot the guest's name in public. 6．We need to ________ (评估) the students' performance in a fair way. 7．The teacher's ________ (示范) made the experiment easy to understand. 8．Don't ________ (依赖) too much on your parents; you should be independent. 9．The ________ (事件) was reported in detail by the local newspaper. 10．He had to ________ (弯腰) down to tie his shoelaces. 三、单句语法填空。 1． I enjoy ________ (watch) people from different cultures interact. 2． The crucial thing is ________ (find) a proper way to communicate. 3． She suggested ________ (go) to the lecture on body language. 4． ________ (read) body language accurately requires a lot of practice. 5． I can't help ________ (laugh) at his funny gesture. 6． His job is ________ (teach) sign language to the deaf. 7． She admitted ________ (make) a mistake in the assessment. 8． We should avoid ________ (judge) people simply by their appearance. 9． ________ (bow) slightly is a sign of respect in Japan. 10． I look forward to ________ (learn) more about nonverbal communication. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 肢体语言在我们的日常交流中起着重要作用。 Body language ________ ________ ________ ________ in our daily communication. 1. 通过对比，我们发现这两种文化有很大差异。 ________ ________, we found that the two cultures ________ ________. 2. 他弯腰捡起地上的书。 He ________ ________ to pick up the book on the ground. 3. 与陌生人进行眼神交流可能会让人感到不自在。 ________ ________ ________ with strangers may make people feel uncomfortable. 4. 她假装没有注意到我，这让我很尴尬。 She ________ ________ ________ notice me, which really ________ me. 5. 我们应该全面考虑问题，而不是只关注细节。 We should ________ ________ ________ ________ instead of only focusing on details. 6. 这位医生正在评估病人的状况。 The doctor is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 7. 他的解释使这个问题更清晰易懂了。 His explanation ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 5、 语法填空 Gestures can be used to express people's thoughts and opinions in their 1 (interact) with other people, 2 means we can learn a lot about 3 people are thinking by watching their body language. However, in different countries the same gesture may have different meanings. For example, in some countries, looking into the eyes of the person you are talking to 4 (be) a way to display interest, but in many Middle Eastern countries men and women should avoid 5 (make) eye contact. In most countries, 6 (shake) one's head means no, and nodding means yes. By contrast, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on 7 cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, 8 nodding the head when they meet someone else. All in all, body language 9 (vary) from culture to culture. 10 (follow) the golden rule — When in Rome, do as the Romans do — is always a safe choice. 6、 阅读理解 Body language is a quiet, secret and powerful language. It speaks louder than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than our words. In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 70% of all communication. Body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, body language is so much a part of us that we often don't realize we're using it. And misunderstandings occur as a result. For example, different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation it may look like a Latino is following a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep backing away — which the Latino will in return regard as coldness. Eye contact is another major aspect of body language. The way people look at each other can be very revealing. In some cultures, direct eye contact is seen as a sign of respect and honesty, while in others it may be considered rude or challenging. For example, in many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially when talking to elders or people of higher status. However, in Western cultures, avoiding eye contact may be interpreted as a sign of dishonesty or lack of confidence. Understanding these cultural differences in body language can help us avoid misunderstandings and communicate more effectively. When in a new culture, it's important to observe and learn the local body language customs. By doing so, we show respect for the culture and make it easier to build positive relationships. 1．Why might a Latino and a Norwegian have misunderstandings in conversation? A．They speak different languages. B．They have different concepts of personal space. C．They dislike each other's cultures. D．They have different ways of greeting. 2．What does avoiding eye contact mean in many Asian cultures? A．Dishonesty. B．Respect. C．Coldness. D．Pushiness. 3．What is the author's attitude towards understanding body language? A．Doubtful. B．Neutral. C．Positive. D．Negative. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Body Language B．Body Language Across Cultures C．How to Improve Verbal Communication D．The Disadvantages of Nonverbal Communication 7、 七选五 Body language plays an important role in our daily communication. However, not all body language means the same thing across different cultures. 1 Here are some tips to help you understand body language better. 2 Before you interpret someone's body language, consider the context. A person crossing their arms may simply be cold, not defensive. Always look at the whole picture rather than isolated gestures. Pay attention to clusters Body language is more reliable when you look at multiple signals together. 3 For example, if someone is making eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward, they are probably interested in what you're saying. But if they are making eye contact while crossing their arms and tapping their foot, the message may be mixed. Consider cultural differences What means one thing in one culture may mean something completely different in another. 4 In some Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact shows respect, while in Western cultures it may suggest dishonesty. Always be careful not to judge others based on your own cultural standards. Trust your instincts Sometimes your gut feeling about someone's body language is correct. 5 If something feels off about the way someone is acting, there probably is something wrong. However, make sure you're not letting personal biases influence your judgment. A．Read the context first. B．Look for mixed messages. C．If you feel uncomfortable, trust that feeling. D．This is especially true for eye contact and personal space. E．Understanding these differences can prevent misunderstandings. F．A single gesture alone may not tell the whole story. G．Misunderstanding body language can lead to communication problems. （2012·全国新课标卷·完形填空） Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication (非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 4 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . People from Latin American countries, 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in 11 , it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 1 3 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 1 4 — which the Latino will in return regard as 15 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 . 1.A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further 2.A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 3.A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 4.A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult 5.A. well B. far C. much D. long 6.A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short 7.A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 8.A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone 9.A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies 10.A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means 11.A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment 12.A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following 13.A. closer B. faster C. in D. away 14.A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out 15.A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness 16.A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think 17.A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich 18.A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness 19.A. chance B. time C. result D. advice 20A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Learning About Language 一、写出下列单词的不同形式。 1.difference; differ; different; differently 2.variety/variation; vary; various/varied; variously 3.reliance; rely; reliable; reliably 4.interaction; interact; interactive; interactively 5.approval; approve; approving; approvingly 6.embarrassment; embarrass; embarrassed/embarrassing; embarrassingly 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.infer 2.Comparison 3.Approval 4.witness 5.embarrassed 6.assess 7.demonstration 8.rely 9.incident 10.bend 三、单句语法填空。 1. watching 2.finding 3.going 4.Reading 5.laughing 6.teaching 7.making 8.judging .9Bowing 10.learning 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．plays an important part/role 2．By contrast; differ greatly 3．bent down 4．Making eye contact 5．pretended not to; embarrassed 6．consider the whole picture 7．evaluating a patient's condition 8．clarified the issue/problem 5、 语法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中肢体语言的差异。 1．interaction(s) 考查名词。形容词性物主代词their后接名词，interaction为不可数名词或可数名词，故填interaction(s)。 2．which 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 3．what 考查宾语从句。介词about后为宾语从句，从句中缺少thinking的宾语，表示"什么"，故填what。 4．is 考查主谓一致。此处为动名词短语looking into the eyes...作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，且为一般现在时，故填is。 5．making 考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动词-ing形式作宾语，avoid doing sth.意为"避免做某事"，故填making。 6．shaking 考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词作主语，与后面的nodding形成并列，表示抽象动作，故填shaking。 7. the 考查冠词。kiss sb. on the cheek为固定搭配，意为"亲吻某人的脸颊"，故填the。 8．or 考查连词。此处or连接三个并列的动名词短语shaking hands, bowing from the waist和nodding the head，表示选择关系，故填or。 9．varies 考查时态和主谓一致。此处为一般现在时，主语body language为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填varies。 10．Following考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词作主语，表示抽象动作，句首首字母大写，故填Following。 6、 阅读理解 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在跨文化交际中的重要性，以及不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异。 1．B 推理判断题。根据第二段"Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends... People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot."可知，北欧人和拉丁美洲人对身体接触和个人空间有不同的观念，这导致了误解。故选B。 2．B 细节理解题。根据第三段"in many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect"可知，在许多亚洲文化中，避免眼神交流是尊重的表现。故选B。 3．C 观点态度题。根据最后一段"Understanding these cultural differences... can help us avoid misunderstandings and communicate more effectively"可知，作者认为理解肢体语言有助于避免误解和有效交流，态度是积极的。故选C。 4．B 主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异及其重要性，B项"跨文化的肢体语言"最能概括全文主旨。故选B。 7、 七选五 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何正确理解肢体语言的几个技巧。 1．G 由上文"However, not all body language means the same thing across different cultures."可知，上文提到并非所有肢体语言在不同文化中都有相同的含义。本空应进一步说明误解肢体语言的后果或提出解决方法。G选项"Misunderstanding body language can lead to communication problems"说明了误解肢体语言会导致交流问题，能承接上文并引出下文的建议，符合题意。故选G。 2．A 此空为段落标题。由下文"Before you interpret someone's body language, consider the context."可知，本段主要讲的是在解读肢体语言之前要考虑语境。A选项"Read the context first"能够概括本段内容，作为标题合适。故选A。 3．F 由上文"Body language is more reliable when you look at multiple signals together."可知，上文提到综合多个信号看时肢体语言更可靠。本空应进一步说明单个信号的局限性。F选项"A single gesture alone may not tell the whole story"说明了单个手势可能无法说明全部情况，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 4．D 由上文"What means one thing in one culture may mean something completely different in another."可知，上文提到同一事物在不同文化中可能有不同含义。本空应举例说明哪些肢体语言存在文化差异。D选项"This is especially true for eye contact and personal space"举例说明了眼神交流和个人空间方面存在文化差异，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 5．C 由上文"Sometimes your gut feeling about someone's body language is correct."可知，上文提到直觉有时是正确的。本空应进一步说明要相信自己的直觉。C选项"If you feel uncomfortable, trust that feeling"说明了如果感到不舒服，要相信那种感觉，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 （2012·全国新课标卷·完形填空） 【文章大意】本文为说明文，主题是跨文化肢体语言。肢体语言比语言更有说服力，在跨文化交流中至关重要；不同文化对人与人之间的身体距离、肢体接触要求截然不同。文中以拉丁美洲人与北欧挪威人为对比案例，说明文化差异极易造成沟通误解；文末给出黄金沟通准则：己所不欲，勿施于人。 1.B. 固定谚语 Action speaks louder than words（事实胜于雄辩）。louder 此处引申为 “更有说服力”，句意：肢体语言比口头话语更有分量。 2.D. 句意：专家称，我们身体传递出的信息远超我们自己意识到的。message 侧重 “传递的信息、信号”；sound 声音，invitation 邀请，feeling 情绪，均不符合语境。 3.D. 句意：事实上，非语言交流占我们真实想表达含义的 50%。what we really mean 我们真正想表达的意思。 4.C. 跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤其重要。immediate 立刻的；misleading 误导的；difficult 困难的，均不符。 5.C. 固定结构 so much a part of us 我们生活中如此重要的一部分。句意：肢体语言早已融入我们自身，以至于我们常常忽略它。 6.A. 前文提出肢体语言易引发误解，下文举拉丁美洲、北欧国家的例子，表举例。thus 因此；however 然而；in short 简而言之。 7.B. 后文对比两类人群对人际距离的不同态度，本段核心话题是人与人之间的距离。trade 交易；connection 联系；greeting 问候。 8.C. 肢体接触。北欧人不喜欢肢体接触，哪怕是朋友。eye contact 眼神交流；verbal 口头的；telephone 电话。 9.A. 递进逻辑：北欧人连朋友间都不愿肢体接触，更不用说陌生人。relative 亲戚；neighbour 邻居；enemy 敌人。 10.B. o前后对比北欧人与拉丁美洲人的习惯，表 “另一方面”。in other words 换言之；in a similar way 同理；by all means 当然。 11.B. 场景限定：在两人交谈过程中，会出现一方不断靠近、一方不断后退的画面。trouble 麻烦；silence 沉默；experiment 实验。 12.D. 拉丁美洲人为表达友好不断靠近，看起来像全程跟着挪威人满屋子移动。disturb 打扰；help 帮助；guide 指引。 13.A. 拉丁美洲人想要表达友好，会持续往对方身边靠近。faster 更快；in 进入；away 远离。 14.C. 挪威人觉得对方过于主动，会下意识后退。step forward 上前；go on 继续；come out 出来。 15.D. 挪威人后退的行为，反过来会被拉丁美洲人视作冷漠。weakness 软弱；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好。 16.A. 全文围绕人际交谈、沟通展开，句意：人们交谈时，有大量信息并非来自口头语言。travel 出行；laugh 大笑；think 思考。 17.A. 当交流双方来自不同文化背景，误解发生概率极高。European 欧洲的；Latino 拉丁美洲的；rich 富裕的。 18.C. 全文主线：文化差异→肢体语言差异→误解。curiosity 好奇；excitement 兴奋；nervousness 紧张。 19.D. 后文给出黄金沟通准则，属于建议。chance 机会；time 时间；result 结果。 20.B. 固定句式 treat others as you would like to be treated 己所不欲，勿施于人。notice 注意；respect 尊重；please 取悦。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $